Fluoropolymer electrolyte and its preparation method and application
Technical field
The present invention relates to novel fluorine base polymer electrolyte and synthetic method thereof, and relate at full solid state polymer lithium-ion electric
Application in pond.
Background technology
Full solid state polymer lithium ion battery is the high specific energy batteries of new generation grown up on the basis of liquid lithium ionic cell
System, it is a kind of novel concept battery proposed for solving the safety problem of liquid lithium ionic cell existence.Polyoxyethylene
(PEO) being best suitable for preparing the matrix of all solid state electrolyte as generally acknowledge at present, the polymer dielectric of this system has obtained
To studying widely.
Recent studies indicate that, the impact of its performance such as electrical conductivity and mechanics is shown by the structure of solid polymer electrolyte
Writing, the transference number of ions of solid polymer electrolyte is close to 1 (Hyukkeun Oh et al., Poly (arylene ether)-Based
Single-Ion Conductors for Lithium-Ion Batteries, Chem.Mater.2016,28,188-196), and also can
So that the mechanical performance of polymer properly increases.Current polymer dielectric electrical conductivity is relatively low, general conductivity at room temperature
It is 10-6~10-9Scm-1, it is impossible to reach the requirement of lithium ion battery.
And the used solvent of preparation of existing most of fluoropolymer is containing fluorous solvent, such preparation technology cost is relatively
High.
Summary of the invention
The invention aims to solve the existing polymer dielectric containing polyoxyethylene structure hygroscopic, electrical conductivity is relatively low
Problem, and provide fluoropolymer electrolyte and its preparation method and application.
The chemical structural formula of fluoropolymer electrolyte of the present invention is as follows:
Wherein X represents Na or Li.
The preparation method of fluoropolymer electrolyte I of the present invention realizes according to the following steps:
One, under inert gas shielding atmosphere, it is that 1:1~3 is by sodium p styrene sulfonate and Polyethylene Glycol methyl according to mol ratio
Acrylate joins in solvent, is subsequently adding initiator, adds first after reacting 10 minutes at a temperature of 70~80 DEG C
Base hexafluorobutyl acrylate, continues reaction 15~30 minutes, obtains polymerizate;
Two, casting in Teflon mould by polymerizate, drying and forming-film processes and obtains fluoropolymer electrolyte I;
Wherein in step one, Hexafluorobutyl mathacrylate accounts for the 10%~30% of total reactant molar content.
Fluoropolymer electrolyte of the present invention is by sodium p styrene sulfonate, polyethylene glycol methacrylate-styrene polymer, methyl-prop
Olefin(e) acid hexafluoro butyl ester ternary polymerization forms.
The preparation method of fluoropolymer electrolyte II of the present invention realizes according to the following steps:
One, under inert gas shielding atmosphere, it is that 1:1~3 is by sodium p styrene sulfonate and Polyethylene Glycol methyl according to mol ratio
Acrylate joins in solvent, is subsequently adding initiator, adds first after reacting 10 minutes at a temperature of 70~80 DEG C
Base hexafluorobutyl acrylate and vinylethylene carbonate, continue reaction 15~30 minutes, obtain polymerizate;
Two, casting in Teflon mould by polymerizate, drying and forming-film processes and obtains fluoropolymer electrolyte II;
Wherein in step one, Hexafluorobutyl mathacrylate accounts for the 10%~15% of total reactant molar content, ethylene carbonate Asia second
Ester accounts for the 10%~15% of total reactant molar content.
Fluoropolymer electrolyte of the present invention is by sodium p styrene sulfonate, polyethylene glycol methacrylate-styrene polymer, methyl-prop
Olefin(e) acid hexafluoro butyl ester and vinylethylene carbonate is quarternary copolymerized forms.
The preparation method of fluoropolymer electrolyte III of the present invention realizes according to the following steps:
One, under inert gas shielding atmosphere, it is that 1:1~3 is by sodium p styrene sulfonate and Polyethylene Glycol methyl according to mol ratio
Acrylate joins in solvent, is subsequently adding initiator, adds first after reacting 10 minutes at a temperature of 70~80 DEG C
Base hexafluorobutyl acrylate, continues reaction 15~30 minutes, obtains polymerizate;
Two, LiCl is joined in deionized water, obtain lithium salt solution, then polymerizate is joined in lithium salt solution
Carry out lithium salts displacement, the solution after being replaced;
Three, dialysing the solution after displacement, then be placed on dried in vacuum drying oven through purging, obtain being dried is poly-
Polymer electrolyte;
Four, the polymer dielectric being dried step 3 obtained is dissolved in DMF, then casts in
In Teflon mould, removing solvent at 40 DEG C, drying and forming-film processes and obtains fluoropolymer electrolyte III;
Wherein in step one, Hexafluorobutyl mathacrylate accounts for the 10%~30% of total reactant molar content.
The preparation method of fluoropolymer electrolyte IV of the present invention realizes according to the following steps:
One, under inert gas shielding atmosphere, it is that 1:1~3 is by sodium p styrene sulfonate and Polyethylene Glycol methyl according to mol ratio
Acrylate joins in solvent, is subsequently adding initiator, adds first after reacting 10 minutes at a temperature of 70~80 DEG C
Base hexafluorobutyl acrylate and vinylethylene carbonate, continue reaction 15~30 minutes, obtain polymerizate;
Two, LiCl is joined in deionized water, obtain lithium salt solution, then polymerizate is joined in lithium salt solution
Carry out lithium salts displacement, the solution after being replaced;
Three, dialysing the solution after displacement, then be placed on dried in vacuum drying oven through purging, obtain being dried is poly-
Polymer electrolyte;
Four, the polymer dielectric being dried step 3 obtained is dissolved in DMF, then casts in
In Teflon mould, removing solvent at 40 DEG C, drying and forming-film processes and obtains fluoropolymer electrolyte IV;
Wherein in step one, Hexafluorobutyl mathacrylate accounts for the 10%~15% of total reactant molar content, ethylene carbonate Asia second
Ester accounts for the 10%~15% of total reactant molar content.
The application of fluoropolymer electrolyte III of the present invention and fluoropolymer electrolyte IV is as all-solid lithium-ion battery
In electrolyte.
Fluoropolymer electrolyte III and IV of the present invention employing Sulfonic Lithium is as lithium source, and draws in polymer architecture
Entering strong electrophilic perfluoroalkyl, the electric charge making sulfonic group anion is the most delocalized, promotes the ionization of lithium ion, improves
Ionic conductivity, the electrical conductivity of fluoropolymer electrolyte III and fluoropolymer electrolyte IV all reaches 8 × 10-6S/cm with
On.
At present solid polymer electrolyte mainly by Sulfonic Lithium as lithium source and PEO as matrix, the present invention is complete by introducing
The structure of fluoroalkyl is possible not only to increase the electrical conductivity of polymer dielectric, it is also possible to reduce the hydrophilic of polymer, optimizes poly-
The mechanical performance of polymer electrolyte membrane.
The present invention uses the most fluorine-containing a series of solvent to synthesize, and preparation condition is gentle.The present invention passes through radical reaction
Ethylene carbonate ester structure is introduced on main polymer chain, ethylene carbonate ester structure energy solvation and transmission lithium ion, reduce ion
Interphase interaction, improves the electrical conductivity of polymer dielectric.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the infrared spectrogram of the fluoropolymer electrolyte I that embodiment one obtains;
Fig. 2 is the hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectrogram of the fluoropolymer electrolyte I that embodiment one obtains;
Fig. 3 is the electrical conductivity test figure of the fluoropolymer electrolyte I that embodiment one obtains;
Fig. 4 is the stress-strain curve of the fluoropolymer electrolyte I that embodiment one obtains;
Fig. 5 is the infrared spectrogram of the fluoropolymer electrolyte II that embodiment two obtains;
Fig. 6 is the hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectrogram of the fluoropolymer electrolyte II that embodiment two obtains;
Fig. 7 is the electrical conductivity test figure of the fluoropolymer electrolyte II that embodiment two obtains;
Fig. 8 is the stress-strain curve of the fluoropolymer electrolyte II that embodiment two obtains;
Fig. 9 is the electrical conductivity test figure of the fluoropolymer electrolyte III that embodiment three obtains;
Figure 10 is the electrical conductivity test figure of the fluoropolymer electrolyte IV that embodiment four obtains.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one: the preparation method of present embodiment fluoropolymer electrolyte I is implemented according to the following steps:
One, under inert gas shielding atmosphere, it is that 1:1~3 is by sodium p styrene sulfonate and Polyethylene Glycol methyl according to mol ratio
Acrylate joins in solvent, is subsequently adding initiator, adds first after reacting 10 minutes at a temperature of 70~80 DEG C
Base hexafluorobutyl acrylate, continues reaction 15~30 minutes, obtains polymerizate;
Two, casting in Teflon mould by polymerizate, drying and forming-film processes and obtains fluoropolymer electrolyte I;
Wherein in step one, Hexafluorobutyl mathacrylate accounts for the 10%~30% of total reactant molar content.
The reaction of present embodiment poly (sodium 4-styrenesulfonate)-polyethylene glycol methacrylate-styrene polymer-Hexafluorobutyl mathacrylate
Equation is as follows:
Detailed description of the invention two: the preparation method of present embodiment fluoropolymer electrolyte II is implemented according to the following steps:
One, under inert gas shielding atmosphere, it is that 1:1~3 is by sodium p styrene sulfonate and Polyethylene Glycol first according to mol ratio
Base acrylate joins in solvent, is subsequently adding initiator, adds after reacting 10 minutes at a temperature of 70~80 DEG C
Hexafluorobutyl mathacrylate and vinylethylene carbonate, continue reaction 15~30 minutes, obtain polymerizate;
Two, casting in Teflon mould by polymerizate, drying and forming-film processes and obtains fluoropolymer electrolyte II;
Wherein in step one, Hexafluorobutyl mathacrylate accounts for the 10%~15% of total reactant molar content, ethylene carbonate Asia second
Ester accounts for the 10%~15% of total reactant molar content.
Present embodiment poly (sodium 4-styrenesulfonate)-polyethylene glycol methacrylate-styrene polymer-Hexafluorobutyl mathacrylate-ethylene
The reaction equation of alkene ethyl is as follows:
Detailed description of the invention three: the preparation method of present embodiment fluoropolymer electrolyte III is implemented according to the following steps:
One, under inert gas shielding atmosphere, it is that 1:1~3 is by sodium p styrene sulfonate and Polyethylene Glycol methyl according to mol ratio
Acrylate joins in solvent, is subsequently adding initiator, adds first after reacting 10 minutes at a temperature of 70~80 DEG C
Base hexafluorobutyl acrylate, continues reaction 15~30 minutes, obtains polymerizate;
Two, LiCl is joined in deionized water, obtain lithium salt solution, then polymerizate is joined in lithium salt solution
Carry out lithium salts displacement, the solution after being replaced;
Three, dialysing the solution after displacement, then be placed on dried in vacuum drying oven through purging, obtain being dried is poly-
Polymer electrolyte;
Four, the polymer dielectric being dried step 3 obtained is dissolved in DMF, then casts in
In Teflon mould, removing solvent at 40 DEG C, drying and forming-film processes and obtains fluoropolymer electrolyte III;
Wherein in step one, Hexafluorobutyl mathacrylate accounts for the 10%~30% of total reactant molar content.
Present embodiment step 3 uses dialysis process to remove NaCl and unnecessary LiCl, and purging is till solution thickness.Step
Concentration when rapid four polymer dielectrics are dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide is 0.1g/mL.
Detailed description of the invention four: the preparation method of present embodiment fluoropolymer electrolyte IV is implemented according to the following steps:
One, under inert gas shielding atmosphere, it is that 1:1~3 is by sodium p styrene sulfonate and Polyethylene Glycol methyl according to mol ratio
Acrylate joins in solvent, is subsequently adding initiator, adds first after reacting 10 minutes at a temperature of 70~80 DEG C
Base hexafluorobutyl acrylate and vinylethylene carbonate, continue reaction 15~30 minutes, obtain polymerizate;
Two, LiCl is joined in deionized water, obtain lithium salt solution, then polymerizate is joined in lithium salt solution
Carry out lithium salts displacement, the solution after being replaced;
Three, dialysing the solution after displacement, then be placed on dried in vacuum drying oven through purging, obtain being dried is poly-
Polymer electrolyte;
Four, the polymer dielectric being dried step 3 obtained is dissolved in DMF, then casts in
In Teflon mould, removing solvent at 40 DEG C, drying and forming-film processes and obtains fluoropolymer electrolyte IV;
Wherein in step one, Hexafluorobutyl mathacrylate accounts for the 10%~15% of total reactant molar content, ethylene carbonate Asia second
Ester accounts for the 10%~15% of total reactant molar content.
Detailed description of the invention five: the solvent in present embodiment step one unlike one of detailed description of the invention one to four is
Deionized water, N,N-dimethylformamide, DMAC N,N' dimethyl acetamide or N, N-dimethyl pyrrolidone.Other step and
Parameter is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to four.
Detailed description of the invention six: the initiator in present embodiment step one unlike detailed description of the invention one or three was
Ammonium sulfate, potassium peroxydisulfate, benzoyl peroxide or azodiisobutyronitrile.Other step and parameter and detailed description of the invention one or
Three is identical.
Detailed description of the invention seven: the initiator in present embodiment step one unlike detailed description of the invention two or four was
Ammonium sulfate or azodiisobutyronitrile.Other step and parameter are identical with detailed description of the invention two or four.
Detailed description of the invention eight: in present embodiment step 2 unlike detailed description of the invention three or four, lithium salt solution is dense
Degree is 0.5g/mL.Other step and parameter are identical with detailed description of the invention three or four.
Detailed description of the invention nine: at the drying and forming-film that present embodiment is described unlike one of detailed description of the invention one to four
The process of reason is as follows: be first dried 6~8 hours at 70~80 DEG C, is then cooled to 50~60 DEG C dry 6~8 hours, finally
It is cooled to 40 DEG C of drying and forming-films.Other step and parameter are identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to four.
Detailed description of the invention ten: at the drying and forming-film that present embodiment is described unlike one of detailed description of the invention one to four
The process of reason is as follows: under vacuum, be dried 24~72 hours with the Temperature Vacuum of 80 DEG C.Other step and parameter with
One of detailed description of the invention one to four is identical.
Detailed description of the invention 11: present embodiment drying and forming-film unlike one of detailed description of the invention one to four obtains
The thickness of fluoropolymer electrolyte is 0.5~20mm.Other step and parameter are identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to four.
Embodiment one: the preparation method of the present embodiment fluoropolymer electrolyte I is implemented according to the following steps:
One, under inert nitrogen gas protection atmosphere, it is that 1:2 is by 1.374g sodium p styrene sulfonate and 6g according to mol ratio
Polyethylene glycol methacrylate-styrene polymer joins in 40mLDMF solvent, is subsequently adding initiator azodiisobutyronitrile 84mg,
Add 0.265ml Hexafluorobutyl mathacrylate after reacting 10 minutes at a temperature of 80 DEG C, continue reaction 20 minutes,
Obtain polymerizate;
Two, polymerizate is cast in Teflon mould, process with 80 DEG C of drying and forming-films under vacuum and obtain
Fluoropolymer electrolyte I.
Poly (sodium 4-styrenesulfonate)-polyethylene glycol methacrylate-styrene polymer that the present embodiment prepares-methacrylic acid hexafluoro fourth
Ester Electrolyte film thickness is 18mm, and electrical conductivity is 3.51 × 10-7S·cm-1, its fracture strength is 1.62MPa.
Wherein the method for testing of electrical conductivity is as follows: add the dielectric film prepared between two copper electrodes, constitutes polymerization
Thing electrolyte blocking electrode system, does ac impedance measurement, obtains the complex impedance plane figure of polymeric film, and curve is at high frequency region
It is body impedance with the intersection value of transverse axis.According to body impedance (Rb) and ionic conductivity (σ) between pass
System: σ=d/ (S*Rb), be calculated ionic conductivity, wherein d be the thickness of polymer dielectric film, S be polymer electrolytic
Matter dielectric film and the contact area of electrode.
Embodiment two: the preparation method of the present embodiment fluoropolymer electrolyte II is implemented according to the following steps:
One, under inert nitrogen gas protection atmosphere, it is that 1:2 is by 0.687g sodium p styrene sulfonate and 4.535g according to mol ratio
Polyethylene glycol methacrylate-styrene polymer joins in 40mLDMF solvent, is subsequently adding initiator azodiisobutyronitrile 50mg,
Add 0.375ml Hexafluorobutyl mathacrylate after reacting 10 minutes at a temperature of 80 DEG C, add ethylene carbonate Asia second
Ester 0.171ml, then proceedes to react 20 minutes and obtains polymerizate;
Two, polymerizate is cast in Teflon mould, process with 80 DEG C of drying and forming-films under vacuum and obtain
Fluoropolymer electrolyte II.
Poly (sodium 4-styrenesulfonate)-polyethylene glycol methacrylate-styrene polymer that the present embodiment prepares-methacrylic acid hexafluoro fourth
Ester-vinylethylene carbonate Electrolyte film thickness is 12mm, and electrical conductivity is 1.25 × 10-6S·cm-1, its fracture strength is
1.38MPa。
Embodiment three: the preparation method of the present embodiment fluoropolymer electrolyte III is implemented according to the following steps:
One, the polymerizate obtained by step one in embodiment one carries out lithium salts displacement in joining lithium salts (LiCl) solution,
Solution after being replaced;
Two, dialysing the solution after displacement, then be placed on dried in vacuum drying oven through purging, obtain being dried is poly-
Polymer electrolyte;
Three, the polymer dielectric being dried step 2 obtained is dissolved in DMF, then casts in
In Teflon mould, removing solvent at 40 DEG C, drying and forming-film processes and obtains fluoropolymer electrolyte film III.
Poly-p styrene sulfonic acid lithium-polyethylene glycol methacrylate-styrene polymer-methacrylic acid hexafluoro fourth that the present embodiment prepares
Ester Electrolyte film thickness is 10mm, and electrical conductivity is 8.32 × 10-6S·cm-1。
Embodiment four: the preparation method of the present embodiment fluoropolymer electrolyte IV is implemented according to the following steps:
One, the polymerizate obtained by step one in embodiment two joins and carries out lithium salts displacement in lithium salt solution, is replaced
After solution;
Two, dialysing the solution after displacement, then be placed on dried in vacuum drying oven through purging, obtain being dried is poly-
Polymer electrolyte;
Three, the polymer dielectric being dried step 2 obtained is dissolved in DMF, then casts in
In Teflon mould, removing solvent at 40 DEG C, drying and forming-film processes and obtains fluoropolymer electrolyte film IV.
Poly-p styrene sulfonic acid lithium-polyethylene glycol methacrylate-styrene polymer-methacrylic acid hexafluoro fourth that the present embodiment prepares
Ester-vinylethylene carbonate Electrolyte film thickness is 10mm, and electrical conductivity is 8.49 × 10-6S·cm-1。