A kind of method of electric energy meter calibrating apparatus output harmonic wave, subharmonic and m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of electric energy meter calibrating apparatus output harmonic wave, subharmonic and monochromatic wave, belong to gauge check
Equipment technical field.
Background technology
Electronic technology develops rapidly at present, a large amount of non-linear electrical equipment such as electrical arc furnace, impact load, electric power electricity
Sub- frequency modulation, electric locomotive traction, power charge equipment access power grid.The access of these loads will generate power grid prodigious dry
It disturbs, not only will produce the interference harmonic wave of 50Hz power frequency integral multiples, also will produce frequency and be more than 50Hz but non-power frequency integer multiple frequency
M-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo(Such as 79Hz, 63Hz, 111Hz etc.), it is also possible to it will produce time of the frequency less than 20Hz but non-power frequency integer multiple frequency
Harmonic wave(Such as 9Hz, 13Hz, 11Hz etc.), existing electric energy meter calibrating apparatus can only generate calibrating electric energy meter needed for power frequency output,
Also it can generate or be superimposed the output of 2-21 subharmonic on the basis of power frequency exports, i.e., existing electric energy meter calibrating apparatus can only generate
Or the harmonic wave of superposition is the integer frequency of power frequency, can not generate or is superimposed on the basis of power frequency between non-work frequency integral multiple
Harmonic wave and subharmonic.
At present electric energy meter calibrating apparatus generate power frequency component output principle be:The sine waveform in 1 period is discrete
At N number of point, for 3600 points, 0.1 ° is differed between every 2 discrete points.By each discrete period and its sine value of corresponding angle
One-to-one correspondence is stored in RAM, storage address of the discrete point period as RAM, and corresponding angle sine value is as storage numerical value.
Such as the 1st point, address 0001, numerical value Asin0.1;Kth dot address is:000k, numerical value Asin0.1k.When work
The numerical value being stored in RAM is sent to D/A by CPU in order to carry out digital-to-analogue conversion and becomes analog signal, i.e., discrete point value is from RAM
The beat frequency for being sent to D/A is:50×3600=180000Hz.Analog signal is again through power amplifier output i.e. for calibrating
It uses.Specific workflow is as shown in Fig. 1 originals electric energy meter calibrating apparatus the first signal source operating diagram.
First signal source includes CPU, first memory RAM, digital analog converter D/A, the first digital analog converter D/A(1),
Two digital analog converter D/A(2), driving circuit and voltage to frequency converter.As shown in Figure 1.
The method of output or superposition power frequency integer multiple frequency harmonic wave is same as above, or the waveform of 1 power frequency period is separated into 3600
Point.Each discrete period and its corresponding functional value one-to-one correspondence are stored in RAM, storage address of the discrete point period as RAM,
Respective function value is as storage numerical value.I-th point of numerical value is:
Mi:For i-th point of functional value of function
Ak:The amplitude of kth subharmonic
The above function representation calculates the formula of the functional value of i-th point of synthetic waveform, is exactly humorous by each time of required superposition
Wave is added in i-th point of numerical value.Due to the integral multiple that the frequency of power frequency integer harmonics is power frequency component frequency, close
It is identical as power frequency wave period at the envelope period of waveform, that is, can all-sidedly and accurately represent conjunction with 3600 discrete points
At waveform.This method is very effective the harmonic wave of power frequency integral multiple, but for the harmonic wave of non-work frequency integral multiple
It is difficult to method realization.For example the harmonic wave that frequency is 77Hz is superimposed on the basis of power frequency exports, then 2 kinds of frequencies of envelope are just
The envelope period of string wave is the least common multiple of 2 frequency sine wave periods, i.e.,:T=20×(1000/77)=
259.74026ms is 1000/77=12.99 times of power frequency wave period, if equally to ensure that power frequency output waveform is each adopted
Sample spacings are 0.1 °, and the points of that storage are necessary for:3600 × 12.99=46753.267, and the waveform frequency being superimposed
It is higher, need the points stored more, the memory space of calculation amount and RAM to CPU is more demanding.Key is that many periods can
Can be unlimited decimal or circulating decimal, so cannot achieve.
Therefore a kind of method for needing to find electric energy meter calibrating apparatus output harmonic wave, subharmonic and m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo, realizes electric energy
Table calibrating installation not only exportable power frequency, stackable power frequency integer harmonics, can also export m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo, subharmonic.For to electricity
The composition error of energy table is detected and assesses, and the influence for research m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo, subharmonic to electrical energy measurement provides theoretical foundation.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to can not be on the basis that power frequency exports using conventional method in order to solve electric energy meter calibrating apparatus
Upper superposition exports the situation of subharmonic, m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo, that is, can be because synthesizing when solving conventional method in the presence of superposition subharmonic, m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo
Envelope period of waveform is big, the period does not know where, may be to be asked for what non-integer or Infinite Cyclic decimal cannot achieve
Topic, a kind of method that the present invention proposes electric energy meter calibrating apparatus output harmonic wave, subharmonic and monochromatic wave.
The technical scheme is that a kind of electric energy meter calibrating apparatus output harmonic wave of the present invention, subharmonic and monochromatic wave
Method, retain electric energy meter calibrating apparatus it is original can export power frequency waveform, the part of stackable power frequency integer harmonics is known as first
Signal source, is in addition further added by a rd harmonic signal source circuit, referred to as second signal source, second signal source only generate subharmonic and
M-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo.
The method of the present invention adds the output of the first signal source and the output in second signal source by what operational amplifier was built
Musical instruments used in a Buddhist or Taoist mass superposition synthesis;First can be exported the power frequency component of signal source, power frequency integer harmonics signal and second signal source
Rd harmonic signal, m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo Signal averaging synthesize a waveform signal;Composite signal is output to power amplifier amplification again
Output.
The second signal source includes main circuit, modulation circuit and FM circuit.
The main circuit includes CPU, second memory RAM (2), third digital analog converter D/A (3).When work, CPU is by 1
The subharmonic or m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo signal discrete in a period are divided into 0.1 ° at 3600 points between each;It will each discrete period and its correspondence
The sine value one-to-one correspondence of angle is stored in second memory RAM(2)In, discrete period is as second memory RAM(2)Deposit
Address is stored up, corresponding angle sine value is as storage numerical value;CPU will be stored in second memory RAM(2)In numerical value in order
It is sent to third digital analog converter D/A(3)It carries out digital-to-analogue conversion and becomes analog signal;The starting phase angle of output waveform is arranged and adjusts
It is whole to be realized also by main circuit;Electric energy meter calibrating apparatus need to export three-phase voltage and totally 6 mutually be exported with three-phase current, each phase of A, B, C
Poor 120 °, this 6 phase all shares third memory RAM(3)In data, only read second memory RAM(2)Middle data rise
Differ beginning address.
The modulation circuit includes CPU, the 4th digital analog converter D/A (4) and the second driving(2)Circuit.The amplitude modulation electricity
It is responsible for by controlling main circuit third digital analog converter D/A on road(3)The amplitude of direct current signal is exported to realize adjustment main circuit the
The reference voltage of three digital analog converter D/A (3).Third digital analog converter D/A in main circuit(3)One characteristic is exactly its output
The amplitude of signal is directly proportional to the size of reference voltage, and the amplitude digital value of required setting is sent to the 4th digital-to-analogue by CPU
Converter D/A (4);The digital value is converted to reference voltage output and is used as main circuit third number by the 4th digital analog converter D/A (4)
Mode converter D/A(3)Reference voltage, in this way can by CPU change the 4th digital analog converter D/A (4) output voltage come
Change third digital analog converter D/A(3)Reference voltage, realize output signal amplitude control.
The FM circuit includes that CPU, the 5th digital analog converter D/A (5) and second voltage frequency converter V/F (2) turn
Change circuit.The FM circuit is responsible for controlling main circuit third digital analog converter D/A(3)The frequency of output waveform.Third digital-to-analogue
Converter D/A(3)Another characteristic be exactly its output signal frequency to conversion beat it is directly proportional, set required by CPU
The frequency digital value set is sent to the 5th digital analog converter D/A (5).5th digital analog converter D/A (5) is converted to the digital value
Analog voltage is output to second voltage frequency converter V/F(2)Conversion circuit, second voltage frequency converter V/F(2)Conversion electricity
Road converts voltages into frequency signal and is output to second memory RAM(And third digital analog converter D/A 2)(3)It is deposited as second
Reservoir RAM's (2) and third digital analog converter D/A (3) send number and conversion beat, can change the 5th digital-to-analogue by CPU in this way
The output voltage of converter D/A (5), then brought through second voltage frequency converter V/F (2) changes and change third digital analog converter D/
The output frequency of A (3), realizes the FREQUENCY CONTROL of output signal.
The second signal source and the first signal source are all controlled by the CPU of the first signal source.
The adder superposition synthesis has used 2 grades of operational amplification circuits, and wherein the first order is using reversed addition electricity
Road, the second level add a phase inverter again.
The adder superposition combiner circuit is as follows:After the second signal source produces m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo and subharmonic output,
The first signal source is added with the output signal in second signal source again, wherein the signal output of the first signal source passes through resistance
Mono- tunnels R1 connect the "-" end of adder, another way connecting resistance Rf, then the output end by resistance Rf connection adders;Second signal
The output in source connects the "-" end of adder by resistance R2, is input to add circuit;The "+" end of adder is grounded;Adder
Output end passes through the "-" end of resistance Rs connection reversers all the way;The another way of the output end of adder is anti-by resistance Rf connections
To the output end of device;The "+" end of reverser is grounded.Wherein, V1 is the first signal source output voltage;V2 exports for second signal source
Voltage.
Concrete operating principle of the present invention occurs such as Fig. 2 power frequencies, harmonic wave, subharmonic, m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo signal shown in operating diagram.
The operation principle in second signal source is:The subharmonic in 1 period or m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo are separated into 3600 points by CPU, will
The sine value one-to-one correspondence of each discrete period and its corresponding angle is stored in second memory RAM2, discrete point period conduct
The storage address of second memory RAM2, corresponding angle sine value is as storage numerical value.Such as the 1st point, address 0001,
Numerical value is Asin0.1;Kth dot address is:000k, numerical value Asin0.1k.CPU will be stored in second memory when work
Numerical value in RAM2 is sent to third digital analog converter D/A in order(3)It carries out digital-to-analogue conversion and becomes analog signal, second signal source
Realize that the key of subharmonic or m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo is that CPU controls second memory RAM2 to third digital analog converter D/A(3)Send number and
Third digital analog converter D/A(3)The frequency of digital-to-analogue conversion is carried out to realize the frequency of subharmonic or m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo.
For example to realize the subharmonic output of 20Hz, the period of the subharmonic of 20Hz is 50ms, is wanted within the period of 50ms
Realize that 3600 points complete digital-to-analogue conversion, that CPU controls second memory RAM2 to third digital analog converter D/A(3)By 3600
Points are sent to third digital analog converter D/A(3)Digital-to-analogue conversion is carried out, conversion frequency is:f=3600/50=72Hz.
When equally realizing the m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo output of 80Hz, period of the m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo of 80Hz is 12.5ms, 12.5ms when
The interior digital-to-analogue conversion that complete 3600 points, i.e. CPU control second memory RAM2 to third digital analog converter D/A(3)It send
Number, third digital analog converter D/A(3)Carry out digital-to-analogue conversion frequency be:f=3600/12.5=288Hz.
After producing m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo and subharmonic output, then by the output signal progress phase in the first signal source and second signal source
Add, wherein the ends V1 of the signal output map interlinking 3 of the first signal source, are input to add circuit;The output in second signal source is connected to Fig. 3
The ends V2, be input to add circuit.Adder physical circuit is as shown in Fig. 3:Power frequency and harmonic signal source and subharmonic and
Harmonic signal source synthetic work schematic diagram, adder circuit have used 2 grades of operational amplification circuits, and wherein the first order is using anti-
It to add circuit, exports as Vo=- Vi, therefore then again plus a phase inverter.
R1=R2=Rf=Rs in Fig. 3, Vo=- Rf/Rs [(- Rf/R1) × V1+ (- Rf/R2) × V2].Therefore adder
Final output is Vo=V1+V2.
The invention has the advantages that the present invention is humorous in the original power frequency output of electric energy meter calibrating apparatus, power frequency integral multiple
On the basis of wave output, increase a set of subharmonic or m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo signal generator, then 2 road signals are passed through into operation amplifier circuit
The adder additional combining of structure exports again, solves the problems, such as that conventional method is difficult to be superimposed arbitrary harmonic wave in 1 set of signal source.
The present invention, which is suitable for electric energy meter calibrating apparatus, will not only export power frequency component and power frequency integer harmonics signal, also
It can be superimposed or export subharmonic and m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo, for studying, analyzing influence of the harmonic wave to electrical energy measurement.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is former electric energy meter calibrating apparatus signal source operating diagram;
Fig. 2 is power frequency, harmonic wave, subharmonic, m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo signal generation operating diagram;
Fig. 3 is power frequency and harmonic signal source and subharmonic and m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo signal source synthetic work schematic diagram.
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is as follows:
The power frequency of the present embodiment, harmonic wave, subharmonic, m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo signal source composition and working principle as shown in Fig. 2, secondary humorous
Wave, m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo second signal source include main circuit, modulation circuit and FM circuit.
The main circuit in the present embodiment second signal source includes CPU, second memory RAM (2) and third digital analog converter D/A
(3), when work CPU by the subharmonic in 1 period or m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo signal discrete at 3600 points, be divided into 0.1 ° between each.It will be each
The sine value of discrete period and its corresponding angle one-to-one correspondence is stored in second memory RAM(2)In, discrete period is as second
Memory RAM(2)Storage address, corresponding angle sine value as storage numerical value.Such as the 1st point, address 0001, number
Value is Asin0.1;Kth dot address is:000k, numerical value Asin0.1k.CPU will be stored in second memory RAM when work
(2)In numerical value be sent to third digital analog converter D/A in order(3)It carries out digital-to-analogue conversion and becomes analog signal.Output waveform
Starting phase angle is arranged and adjustment is realized also by main circuit, for example it is 30 ° that output waveform starting phase angle, which is arranged, that CPU
The initial address that can be fetched from the first RAM can be since the 300th point.Electric energy meter calibrating apparatus need to export three-phase voltage and three-phase
Totally 6 phases export electric current, and A, B, C respectively differ 120 °, this 6 phase all shares third memory RAM(3)In data, only read
Two memory RAMs(2)The initial address of middle data differs.
The modulation circuit in the present embodiment second signal source is driven by CPU, the 4th digital analog converter D/A (4) and second(2)Electricity
Road forms, and modulation circuit is responsible for by controlling main circuit third digital analog converter D/A(3)The amplitude of direct current signal is exported to realize
Adjust the reference voltage of main circuit third digital analog converter D/A (3).Third digital analog converter D/A in main circuit(3)One spy
Property is exactly that the amplitude of its output signal is directly proportional to the size of reference voltage, and the present invention is by CPU by the amplitude number of required setting
Word value is sent to the 4th digital analog converter D/A (4), and it is defeated which is converted to reference voltage by the 4th digital analog converter D/A (4)
Go out as main circuit third digital analog converter D/A(3)Reference voltage, in this way can pass through CPU change the 4th digital analog converter
The output voltage of D/A (4) changes third digital analog converter D/A(3)Reference voltage, realize output signal amplitude control.
The FM circuit in the present embodiment second signal source includes CPU, the 5th digital analog converter D/A (5) and second voltage frequency
Rate converter V/F (2) conversion circuit part, FM circuit are responsible for controlling main circuit third digital analog converter D/A(3)Output waveform
Frequency.Third digital analog converter D/A(3)Another characteristic be exactly its output signal frequency to conversion beat it is directly proportional,
The frequency digital value of required setting is sent to the 5th digital analog converter D/A (5), the 5th digital analog converter by the present invention by CPU
The digital value is converted to analog voltage and is output to second voltage frequency converter V/F by D/A (5)(2)Conversion circuit, second voltage
Frequency converter V/F(2)Conversion circuit converts voltages into frequency signal and is output to second memory RAM(And third digital-to-analogue 2)
Converter D/A(3)Number and conversion beat are sent as second memory RAM (2) and third digital analog converter D/A (3), is in this way
The output voltage of the 5th digital analog converter D/A (5) can be changed by CPU, then converted through second voltage frequency converter V/F (2)
Change the output frequency of third digital analog converter D/A (3), realizes the FREQUENCY CONTROL of output signal.
The present embodiment is divided into 2 sets of signal sources, and the first signal source is responsible for exporting power frequency component and power frequency integer harmonics;Second
Signal source is responsible for exporting subharmonic and m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo.Second signal source and the operation principle of the first signal source are essentially identical, and output is not
The harmonic wave of same frequency can be realized by foregoing FM circuit.First signal source and the output waveform in second signal source are passed through
The adder additional combining of operational amplifier structure, then the exportable work of electric energy meter calibrating apparatus is exported and realized through reverser
Frequently, power frequency integer harmonics, subharmonic and m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo.Specifically refer to attached drawing 3:Power frequency and harmonic signal source and subharmonic and humorous
Wave signal source synthetic work schematic diagram.