CN105895874A - Method for preparing graphene/tin dioxide quantum dot negative electrode material of lithium ion battery - Google Patents

Method for preparing graphene/tin dioxide quantum dot negative electrode material of lithium ion battery Download PDF

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CN105895874A
CN105895874A CN201610260682.9A CN201610260682A CN105895874A CN 105895874 A CN105895874 A CN 105895874A CN 201610260682 A CN201610260682 A CN 201610260682A CN 105895874 A CN105895874 A CN 105895874A
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lithium ion
ion battery
tin dioxide
negative material
preparing graphene
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CN105895874B (en
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李天军
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University of Shaoxing
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362Composites
    • H01M4/364Composites as mixtures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/624Electric conductive fillers
    • H01M4/625Carbon or graphite
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preparing a graphene/tin dioxide quantum dot negative electrode material of a lithium ion battery. The method comprises the following steps of 1) mixing glucose and stannous chloride, and grinding the glucose and the stannous chloride in an agate mortar; 2) mixing sodium chloride and potassium chloride, and carrying out ball milling by a ball milling machine; 3) uniformly mixing the materials of the step 1) and the step 2), and carrying out pre-heating processing; 4) placing the mixed material after pre-heated in a square ceramic boat, placing the ceramic boat in a tubular furnace, introducing an inertia gas for protection, and carrying out calcination; 5) carrying out heat preservation after calcination; 6) naturally reducing a temperature to a room temperature under the protection of the inertia gas, and taking out a sample; and 7) washing the obtained sample with diluted hydrochloric acid, and obtaining the material by vacuum filtration. With the adoption of one-step synthesis by solid phase reaction, the cheap glucose is taken as a carbon source, and thus, the graphene/tin dioxide quantum dot negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery is synthesized at a large scale and can be widely applied to the existing lithium ion battery.

Description

The method preparing Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point lithium ion battery negative material
[technical field]
The present invention relates to the preparation method of a kind of lithium ion battery negative material, be specifically related to one and prepare Graphene/titanium dioxide The method of stannum quantum dot lithium ion battery negative material, belongs to novel energy resource material technology field.
[background technology]
Lithium ion battery, compared with conventional batteries, has that running voltage is higher, specific energy is higher, more safety and memoryless etc. excellent Gesture.Since 21 century, environmental pollution is day by day serious, and energy shortage has had become as important the asking of restriction progress of human society development Topic, this just forces people urgently to develop the life mode of transportation producing more energy-conserving and environment-protective, to reduce the big of the petrochemical industry class energy Amount uses, and the large-scale use of the most all kinds of electric vehicles is exactly that a kind of important replacement that can reduce environmental pollution is done Method.In addition, for ensureing good flying power, the overwhelming majority the most of each electric appliances in daily life uses lithium ion Battery, such as mobile phone, notebook computer, digital camera and videocorder etc..Develop high energy storage density and long circulation life New type lithium ion battery be a kind of urgent social need, be current social development needs.
The theoretical specific capacity of tin ash is 783mAh/g, and specific capacity is high and cheap, is lithium ion battery negative material The ideal chose of material.But, tin ash is when Lithium-ion embeding/abjection, it may occur that bigger volumetric expansion/reduce, and causes Shorter battery life and the drastically decline of capacity.Tin ash is the most generally used to be combined with Graphene, by the bag of Graphene Cover and can alleviate volumetric expansion problem to a certain extent, significantly improve the electrochemical stability of tin ash negative material. Graphene is a kind of novel Two-dimensional Carbon nano material, has fabulous conductance property and electrochemical stability, by Graphene bag Overlay on the surface of tin oxide nano particles, not only increase the electric conductivity of composite, beneficially lithium ion the most embedding Enter/deviate from, and also improve the cyclical stability of battery, extend the life-span of road battery.
The method preparing Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point at present is a lot, and many employings first synthesize graphene oxide (GO), In solution after dioxide composite stannum, carrying out annealing reduction, finally giving redox graphene (RGO)/stannic oxide nanometer Composite, these method techniques are the most loaded down with trivial details, and productivity is the highest, it is difficult to realize real large-scale application.
Therefore, for solve above-mentioned technical problem, a kind of innovation of necessary offer prepare Graphene/tin ash quantum The method of some lithium ion battery negative material, to overcome described defect of the prior art.
[summary of the invention]
For solving the problems referred to above, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of extensive, low cost and prepare Graphene/tin ash amount The method of son point lithium ion battery negative material.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is: prepare Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point lithium ion The method of cell negative electrode material, it uses one-step synthesis, comprises the technical steps that:
1), glucose and stannous chloride are mixed, grinds in agate mortar;
2), sodium chloride and potassium chloride are mixed, through ball mill ball milling;
3), by step 1) and 2) in the material mixing that obtains uniform, and the pre-heat treatment;
4), the mixing material after the pre-heat treatment is placed in square porcelain boat, porcelain boat is positioned over the centre position of tube furnace, is passed through Inert gas shielding, calcines under certain heating rate;
5), isothermal holding is carried out after calcining;
6), under inert gas shielding, it is naturally cooling to room temperature, takes out sample;
7), gained sample dilute hydrochloric acid is cleaned, and obtains Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point lithium-ion electric by vacuum filtration Pond negative material.
The method preparing Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point lithium ion battery negative material of the present invention is further: step Rapid 1), in, the mass ratio of described glucose and stannous chloride is (1-16): 1.
The method preparing Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point lithium ion battery negative material of the present invention is further: step Rapid 2), in, the mass ratio of described sodium chloride and potassium chloride is (1-3): 1.
The method preparing Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point lithium ion battery negative material of the present invention is further: step Rapid 3), in, the temperature of the pre-heat treatment is 80 DEG C-200 DEG C.
The method preparing Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point lithium ion battery negative material of the present invention is further: step Rapid 4), in, heating rate is 5 DEG C-30 DEG C/min;Calcining heat is 950 DEG C-1300 DEG C;Described noble gas is nitrogen.
The method preparing Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point lithium ion battery negative material of the present invention is further: step Rapid 5), in, described temperature retention time is 30min-60min.
The method preparing Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point lithium ion battery negative material of the present invention is further: step Rapid 6) in, mixture is placed in beaker, adds the dilute hydrochloric acid of 0.5%, excusing from death stirring 30min, uses the filter membrane of 0.5M to carry out very Empty sucking filtration, adds the dilute hydrochloric acid of 0.5%, repeated washing 3-5 time again;Products therefrom is placed in air dry oven and is dried 24h.
The method preparing Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point lithium ion battery negative material of the present invention is further: step Rapid 1) in, needing to add ammonium chloride in the mixture of glucose and stannous chloride, the mass ratio of described glucose and ammonium chloride is 4: 5。
The method preparing Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point lithium ion battery negative material of the present invention is also: step 1) In, glucose 0.1g, stannous chloride 0.1g, grind 50min;Step 2) in, sodium chloride 11.4g and potassium chloride 2.8g, grinds 50min;In step 3), 150 DEG C of the pre-heat treatment 20h;In step 4), being warming up to 1000 DEG C, heating rate is 20 DEG C/min, Insulation 40min.
Compared with prior art, there is advantages that the present invention uses a single-step solid phase reaction synthetic method, Use cheap glucose as carbon source, it is achieved that extensive synthesizing graphite alkene/tin dioxide quantal-point lithium ion battery negative Material, is widely used in current lithium ion battery as negative material.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 is the X ray diffracting spectrum (XRD) of gained sample of the present invention.
Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b is field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM) figure of gained sample of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is transmission electron microscope (TEM) figure of gained sample of the present invention.
[detailed description of the invention]
Embodiment 1:
One, raw material is prefabricated
Weigh 0.8g glucose, 0.05g stannous chloride, after being sufficiently mixed in glove box, be placed in agate mortar grinding 30min, obtains mixture A;Weigh 11.5g sodium chloride and 11.5g potassium chloride, to be placed in grinding in ball grinder after being sufficiently mixed 30min, obtains mixture B;Being mixed by mixture A and B, be placed in square porcelain boat, total mixture amount is less than porcelain boat total amount 2/3rds.
Two, pretreatment
The mixture of gained in step one is placed in vacuum drying oven, at 80 DEG C of heat treatment 10h;
Three, solid state reaction
Gained mixture in step 2 is placed in the middle of tube furnace boiler tube, is passed through nitrogen protection, is warming up to 950 DEG C, heating rate It is 5 DEG C/min, after reaching target temperature, is incubated 30min, naturally cools to room temperature, take out.
Four, product washing
Porcelain boat product in step 3 is taken out, is placed in 500ml beaker, add the dilute hydrochloric acid of 0.5%, excusing from death stirring 30min, adopt Carry out vacuum filtration with the filter membrane of 0.5M, again add the dilute hydrochloric acid of 0.5%, repeated washing step, altogether washing 3-5 time.Gained Product is placed in air dry oven and is dried 24h.
Embodiment 2:
One, raw material is prefabricated
Weigh 0.1g glucose, 0.1g stannous chloride, after being sufficiently mixed in glove box, be placed in agate mortar grinding 50min, Obtain mixture A;Weigh 11.4g sodium chloride and 2.8g potassium chloride, to be placed in grinding in ball grinder 50min after being sufficiently mixed, To mixture B;Being mixed by mixture A and B, be placed in square porcelain boat, total mixture amount is less than 2/3rds of porcelain boat total amount.
Two, pretreatment
The mixture of gained in step one is placed in vacuum drying oven, at 150 DEG C of heat treatment 20h;
Three, solid state reaction
Gained mixture in step 2 is placed in the middle of tube furnace boiler tube, is passed through nitrogen protection, is warming up to 1000 DEG C, heating rate It is 20 DEG C/min, after reaching target temperature, is incubated 40min, naturally cools to room temperature, take out.
Four, product washing
Porcelain boat product in step 3 is taken out, is placed in 500ml beaker, add the dilute hydrochloric acid of 0.5%, excusing from death stirring 30min, adopt Carry out vacuum filtration with the filter membrane of 0.5M, again add the dilute hydrochloric acid of 0.5%, repeated washing step, altogether washing 3-5 time.Gained Product is placed in air dry oven and is dried 24h.
Embodiment 3:
One, raw material is prefabricated
Weigh 0.4g glucose, the ammonium chloride of 0.5g, 0.05g stannous chloride, after being sufficiently mixed in glove box, it is placed in Achates and grinds Alms bowl grinds 60min, obtains mixture A;Weigh 13.5g sodium chloride and 11.5g potassium chloride, to be placed in ball mill after being sufficiently mixed Middle grinding 60min, obtains mixture B;Being mixed by mixture A and B, be placed in square porcelain boat, total mixture amount is less than porcelain boat 2/3rds of total amount.
Two, pretreatment
The mixture of gained in step one is placed in vacuum drying oven, at 200 DEG C of heat treatment 30h;
Three, solid state reaction
Gained mixture in step 2 is placed in the middle of tube furnace boiler tube, is passed through nitrogen protection, is warming up to 1300 DEG C, heating rate It is 30 DEG C/min, after reaching target temperature, is incubated 60min, naturally cools to room temperature, take out.
Four, product washing
Porcelain boat product in step 3 is taken out, is placed in 500ml beaker, add the dilute hydrochloric acid of 0.5%, excusing from death stirring 30min, adopt Carry out vacuum filtration with the filter membrane of 0.5M, again add the dilute hydrochloric acid of 0.5%, repeated washing step, altogether washing 3-5 time.Gained Product is placed in air dry oven and is dried 24h.
The technique gained sample using the present invention has the feature that
1. as it is shown in figure 1, be X-ray diffraction (XRD) figure of Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point composite, XRD figure stave Bright: the main indices of crystallographic plane of complex are basic with the standard X-ray diffraction (pdf document number: 77-0447) of Tetragonal tin ash Unanimously, such as Tetragonal tin ash (110), (101), (211), (301), (202) face, there is no other impurity peaks or stannum oxide Peak, illustrates that the sample prepared comprises Tetragonal stannic oxide particle.
2. as in figure 2 it is shown, be the field emission scanning electron microscope figure of Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point composite.From figure a Can be seen that and successfully prepared Graphene;The tin dioxide quantal-point of graphene coated, tin ash is can be seen that from figure b Quantum dot is evenly distributed in graphenic surface.
3. as it is shown on figure 3, be the transmission electron microscope figure of Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point composite.From figure It can be seen that tin dioxide quantal-point is evenly distributed in graphenic surface, particle diameter is about 3 nanometers, and tin dioxide quantal-point is brilliant Change perfection, spacing of lattice about 0.33 nanometer, corresponding (110) crystal face.
Above detailed description of the invention is only the preferred embodiment of this creation, not in order to limit this creation, all in this wound Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. done within the spirit made and principle, should be included in this creation protection domain it In.

Claims (9)

1. the method preparing Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point lithium ion battery negative material, it is characterised in that: it uses a step Synthetic method, comprises the technical steps that:
1), glucose and stannous chloride are mixed, grinds in agate mortar;
2), sodium chloride and potassium chloride are mixed, through ball mill ball milling;
3), by step 1) and 2) in the material mixing that obtains uniform, and the pre-heat treatment;
4), the mixing material after the pre-heat treatment is placed in square porcelain boat, porcelain boat is positioned over the centre position of tube furnace, is passed through Inert gas shielding, calcines under certain heating rate;
5), isothermal holding is carried out after calcining;
6), under inert gas shielding, it is naturally cooling to room temperature, takes out sample;
7), gained sample dilute hydrochloric acid is cleaned, and obtains Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point lithium-ion electric by vacuum filtration Pond negative material.
The method preparing Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point lithium ion battery negative material the most as claimed in claim 1, it is special Levying and be: in step 1), the mass ratio of described glucose and stannous chloride is (1-16): 1.
The method preparing Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point lithium ion battery negative material the most as claimed in claim 1, it is special Levy and be: step 2) in, the mass ratio of described sodium chloride and potassium chloride is (1-3): 1.
The method preparing Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point lithium ion battery negative material the most as claimed in claim 1, it is special Levying and be: in step 3), the temperature of the pre-heat treatment is 80 DEG C-200 DEG C.
The method preparing Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point lithium ion battery negative material the most as claimed in claim 1, it is special Levying and be: in step 4), heating rate is 5 DEG C-30 DEG C/min;Calcining heat is 950 DEG C-1300 DEG C;Described noble gas is Nitrogen.
The method preparing Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point lithium ion battery negative material the most as claimed in claim 1, it is special Levying and be: in step 5), described temperature retention time is 30min-60min.
The method preparing Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point lithium ion battery negative material the most as claimed in claim 1, it is special Levying and be: in step 6), mixture is placed in beaker, adds the dilute hydrochloric acid of 0.5%, excusing from death stirring 30min, uses the filter of 0.5M Film carries out vacuum filtration, again adds the dilute hydrochloric acid of 0.5%, repeated washing 3-5 time;Products therefrom is placed in air dry oven dry Dry 24h.
The method preparing Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point lithium ion battery negative material the most as claimed in claim 1, it is special Levy and be: in step 1), the mixture of glucose and stannous chloride needs add ammonium chloride, described glucose and the matter of ammonium chloride Amount ratio is 4:5.
The method preparing Graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point lithium ion battery negative material the most as claimed in claim 1, it is special Levy and be: in step 1), glucose 0.1g, stannous chloride 0.1g, grind 50min;Step 2) in, sodium chloride 11.4g and chlorination Potassium 2.8g, grinds 50min;In step 3), 150 DEG C of the pre-heat treatment 20h;In step 4), being warming up to 1000 DEG C, heating rate is 20 DEG C/min, it is incubated 40min.
CN201610260682.9A 2016-04-25 2016-04-25 The method for preparing graphene/tin dioxide quantal-point lithium ion battery negative material Expired - Fee Related CN105895874B (en)

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Cited By (2)

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CN106803577A (en) * 2016-12-31 2017-06-06 浙江工业大学 A kind of hollow copper quantum dot/mesoporous carbon composite material and its preparation method and application
CN108264099A (en) * 2018-01-03 2018-07-10 桂林理工大学 A kind of preparation method of lithium ion battery high-performance two-dimensional sheet nickel oxide negative material

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CN106803577A (en) * 2016-12-31 2017-06-06 浙江工业大学 A kind of hollow copper quantum dot/mesoporous carbon composite material and its preparation method and application
CN106803577B (en) * 2016-12-31 2019-06-14 浙江工业大学 A kind of hollow copper quantum dot/mesoporous carbon composite material and its preparation method and application
CN108264099A (en) * 2018-01-03 2018-07-10 桂林理工大学 A kind of preparation method of lithium ion battery high-performance two-dimensional sheet nickel oxide negative material

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