CN105895184B - A kind of particle remover using supercritical carbon dioxide as working medium - Google Patents

A kind of particle remover using supercritical carbon dioxide as working medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105895184B
CN105895184B CN201610429437.6A CN201610429437A CN105895184B CN 105895184 B CN105895184 B CN 105895184B CN 201610429437 A CN201610429437 A CN 201610429437A CN 105895184 B CN105895184 B CN 105895184B
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particle
coagulation
electric charge
particle remover
remover
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CN105895184A (en
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周涛
陈杰
周蓝宇
刘亮
陈娟
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North China Electric Power University
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North China Electric Power University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21FPROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/02Treating gases

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of particle remover using supercritical carbon dioxide as working medium, it includes conduit entrance (1), duct wall (2), coagulation and area (3), particulate collection zone (4) and pipe outlet (5), wherein, conduit entrance (1) place is provided with electric charge net (11), carry out pre- electric charge, the coagulation and area (3) are used to carry out intergranular coalescence effect, little particle is set gradually to assemble to form bulky grain thing, the particulate collection zone (4) is used to collect the bulky grain thing formed after coalescence;Thermophoresis coating (6) is provided with the outside of duct wall (2), for producing thermophoretic effect, so can effectively prevent little particle to be adhered on the inside of the tube wall of particle remover.Particle remover provided by the present invention is simple in construction, can remove the small particle that particle diameter is less than 2.5 μm, and the heart carries out powder collection to particle remover provided by the present invention in the duct, effectively prevent the problem of tiny particles content is adhered to inner-walls of duct.

Description

A kind of particle remover using supercritical carbon dioxide as working medium
Technical field
The present invention relates to the particulate matter removing device in nuclear energy field, more particularly to nuclear energy field, especially, is related to one kind Particulate matter removing device using supercritical carbon dioxide as working medium.
Background technology
Using working medium of the supercritical carbon dioxide as forth generation HTGR, critical heat flux density can be not only avoided Thermal technology's security restriction, but also can easily lift core exit temperature, simplify the advantages such as reactor core system architecture.
Supercritical CO 2 medium is due to its viscosity is liquid 1%, and diffusion coefficient is 100 times of liquid, than liquid more The speed of fast dissolving solute, the solvability of the solute bigger than gas, the solubility property of tiny particles content is improved, made Grain thing is dispersed into smaller particulate matter in supercritical CO 2 medium.And the fuel element of HTGR be largely by Full ceramic mould coated particle disperse is made in graphite nodule matrix, although this material can stop most fission products In the ceramic SiC layer of complete coated particle, but still also have some tiny impurity and exist in the form of particulate matter.This A little tiny particulate matters (such as graphite dust generation particulate matter) are usually to have radioactive particle, and these particles can trigger a system Row problem, influence the heat transfer property of cooling agent, the service life for localized heat transfer deterioration occur, influenceing pipeline, influence reactor Normal operation and safety, the even more serious life and health that can also threaten staff around nuclear power station.
At present, most of both at home and abroad is conventional high-performance cleaner, common are electric cleaner, bag dust collector, electrostatic Granulosa deduster, electrostatic cyclone, electric-bag complex dust collector etc., these dedusters, for particle diameter more than 10 μm Particulate matter efficiency of dust collection is high, but is substantially reduced for fine particle (2.5 μm of diameter <) efficiency of dust collection.These dedusters are most It is that dedusting, DeGrain are carried out to particulate matter using single principle.Although also there is expert to utilize electric coagulating technique and electrostatic Deduster is combined, but its device is difficult to solve the problems, such as that some tiny particles contents are pasted onto inner-walls of duct, if this problem Occur in reactor, then very big inconvenience will be brought to reactor operation.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome above mentioned problem, present inventor has performed studying with keen determination, design it is a kind of using supercritical carbon dioxide as The particle remover of working medium, the particle remover is by thermophoretic effect and coagulation and combines, and can effectively remove particulate matter, and not Particulate matter can be caused to be adhered on tube wall, so as to complete the present invention.
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of particle remover using supercritical carbon dioxide as working medium, be embodied in Lower aspect:
(1) a kind of particle remover using supercritical carbon dioxide as working medium, the particle remover are circular cylindrical pipe Structure, it is characterised in that the particle remover includes conduit entrance 1, duct wall 2, coagulation and area 3, particulate collection zone 4 and pipe Road outlet 5, is provided with electric charge net 11 at conduit entrance 1;
(2) particle remover according to above-mentioned (1), wherein,
The coagulation and area 3 are used to carry out intergranular coalescence effect, make little particle gradually assemble to form bulky grain thing, And/or
The particulate collection zone 4 is used to collect the bulky grain thing formed after coalescence;And/or
The electric charge net 11 is used to make Partial charge on little particle band, it is preferable that the electric charge net 11 is by electric charge twine 111 Intersect and form;
(3) particle remover according to above-mentioned (2), wherein,
The electric charge twine 111 is manganin silk;And/or
Spacing between neighbouring electric charge twine 111 is 0.5~2.5mm, preferably 1~2mm, more preferably 1.5mm;
(4) particle remover according to one of above-mentioned (1) to (3), wherein, the outside of duct wall 2 is provided with heat Swimming coating 6, for producing thermophoretic effect;Preferably, the thermophoresis coating 6 includes conductor 61, coil 62 and insulation material 63, its In, the coil 62 is wound on conductor 61, and the insulation material 63, which is wrapped in, to be tied with the outside of the conductor of coil 62;
(5) particle remover according to above-mentioned (4), wherein,
The coil 62 is cast iron aluminium nickel cobalt material, and/or
Alternating current is connected with the coil 62, for producing eddy current effect, and then produces heat, and/or
The insulation material 63 is mica material, is dissipated outside the temperature for preventing thermophoresis coating 6, keeps thermophoretic effect;
(6) particle remover according to above-mentioned (4) or (5), wherein, the thickness of the thermophoresis coating 6 for 20~ 30mm, wherein, the thickness of conductor 61 is 16~28mm, and the thickness of coil 62 and insulation material 63 is respectively 1~2mm, wherein, base In the internal diameter of the pipeline of particle remover be 120~150mm;
(7) particle remover according to one of above-mentioned (1) to (6), wherein, coagulation and area 3 are provided with alternating current Device 31 and coagulation and device 32, it is preferable that
The AC electrical device 31 is annular, is close to the inner side of duct wall 2;And/or
The coagulation and device 32 are arranged at the center of pipeline, and to be vertically arranged;
(8) particle remover according to one of above-mentioned (1) to (7), wherein, the particulate collection zone 4 includes particle Heavy adsorption device 41 and particle collection device 42, wherein, the particle sinks adsorption device 41 to be vertically arranged, and simultaneously device 32 is flat with coagulation OK;Particle collection device 42 is arranged at particle and sunk on adsorption device 41, and it is vertical with particle to sink adsorption device 41;
(9) particle remover according to above-mentioned (8), wherein, the height of the particle collection device 42 for 20~ 30mm, preferably 22~28mm, more preferably 25mm, wherein, the internal diameter of the pipeline based on particle remover is 120~150mm.
Another aspect of the present invention provides the purposes of the particle remover described in a kind of one of above-mentioned (1) to (9), for taking off Divided by the radioactive grain remained in the nuclear power generating equipment that supercritical carbon dioxide is working medium.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows the overall structure diagram using supercritical carbon dioxide as the particle remover of working medium;
Fig. 2 shows the axial cross-sectional view at A-A in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 shows the structural representation of electric charge net;
Fig. 4 shows the axial longitudinal section at B-B in Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 shows the longitudinal section view at D-D in Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 shows the partial enlarged drawing at c in Fig. 4;
Fig. 7 is shown using installation diagram of the supercritical carbon dioxide as the particle remover of working medium inside HTGR;
Fig. 8 is shown using installation diagram of the supercritical carbon dioxide as the particle remover of working medium outside HTGR.
Drawing reference numeral explanation:
1- conduit entrances
11- electric charge nets
111- electric charge twines
2- pipeline outer walls
3- coagulations and area
31- AC electrical devices
32- coagulations and device
4- particulate collection zones
41- particle deposition apparatus
42- particle collection devices
5- pipe outlets
6- thermophoresis coatings
61- conductors
62- coils
63- insulation materials
7- (using supercritical carbon dioxide as working medium) particle remover
8- HTGRs
81- heap bodies
82- steam generators
83- generators
84- steam turbines
85- regenerators
86- coolers
87- compressors
Embodiment
Below by accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.By these explanations, the features and advantages of the invention will Become more apparent from clearly.
Wherein, although the various aspects of embodiment are shown in the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, it is not necessary in proportion Draw accompanying drawing.
The invention provides a kind of particle remover using supercritical carbon dioxide as working medium, as shown in figure 1, the particle Remover is circular cylindrical pipe structure, and it includes conduit entrance 1, pipeline outer wall 2, coagulation and area 3, particulate collection zone 4 and pipeline Outlet 5.Wherein, little particle carries out coalescence effect in coagulation and area 3, and gradually aggregation forms bulky grain thing, then by powder collection Area 4 is collected to bulky grain.
According to a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2 being provided with electric charge net 11 at conduit entrance 1.
In further preferred embodiment, formed as shown in figure 3, the electric charge net 11 is intersected by electric charge twine 111.
Wherein, electric charge net 11 can be passed through when little particle enters particle remover from conduit entrance 1, electric charge net 11 can make Little particle takes Partial charge before coagulation and area is entered, and the quantity of electric charge that increase little particle enters before coagulation and area is small to improve The coagulation and effect of particle.
According to a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electric charge twine 111 is manganin silk.
In further preferred embodiment, the spacing of neighbouring electric charge twine 111 is 0.5~2.5mm, preferably 1 ~2mm, more preferably 1.5mm.
Wherein, manganin silk has good electric conductivity, effectively can provide electric charge for little particle.
According to a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2 being provided with thermophoresis painting in the outside of pipeline outer wall 2 Layer 6.
In further preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 6, the thermophoresis coating 6 includes conductor 61, coil 62 and insulation material 63.
Wherein, the coil 62 is wound on conductor 61, and the insulation material 63, which is wrapped in, to be tied with outside the conductor of coil 62 Side.
In embodiment still more preferably, the coil 62 is cast iron aluminium nickel cobalt material, on the coil 62 Alternating current is connected with, the insulation material 63 is mica material.
Wherein, the purpose of thermophoresis coating is to be used to produce thermophoretic effect, and alternating current is connected with coil 62 and is used to produce whirlpool Stream.Specifically:Alternating current is passed through on coil, coil will produce alternating magnetic field, then, the conductor among coil is in circumference Direction can be with the equivalent closed circuit into a circle circle, and the magnetic flux in closed circuit is constantly changing, therefore, justified in conductor Circumferential direction can produce induced electromotive force and induced-current, and sense of current is turn-taked along the circumferencial direction of conductor, just as a circle circle Whirlpool, referred to as it is vortexed, wherein, it is vortexed and is caused by induced electromotive force, and vortex is the same with general electric current, can produce thermal effect Should, and how much heat production meets Joule's law.
Therefore, under eddy current effect so that pipeline outer wall temperature is higher than pipeline center, produces thermograde, makes little particle The movement velocity opposite with thermograde is produced, i.e., is moved to pipeline center, forms thermophoretic effect.
According in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the thermophoresis coating 6 is 20~30mm.
In further preferred embodiment, in thermophoresis coating 6, the thickness of conductor 61 is 16~28mm, coil 62 Thickness with insulation material 63 is respectively 1~2mm.
Wherein, above-mentioned thickness is that the internal diameter of the pipeline based on particle remover is 120~150mm.If particle remover Internal diameter of the pipeline increase or reduce, then above-mentioned thickness is also increased or reduced in proportion.Wherein, the mesh of insulation material Be to prevent from dissipating outside the heat of thermophoresis coating, so as to cause the reduction of thermophoresis efficiency.
Therefore, in the presence of thermophoresis coating, little particle is moved toward pipeline center, will not be produced and is adhered to inner-walls of duct Phenomenon.
According to a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, coagulation and area 3 are provided with exchange Denso 31 and coagulation and device 32 are put, wherein, the AC electrical device 31 is used to provide alternating current, the coagulation and device 32 for exchange Electrode, it is connected with AC electrical device 31, forms AC field.
In further preferred embodiment, the AC electrical device 31 is annular, is close to the pipeline of particle remover Inwall.
In embodiment still more preferably, as shown in figure 4, simultaneously device 32 is located at particle remover to the coagulation Pipeline center, and placed to be vertical, it is parallel with the fore-and-aft plane of pipeline long axis direction.
Wherein, little particle has carried Partial charge, friendship of the electrically charged little particle in coagulation and area after the entrance of electric charge net Stream electric field action under produce it is of reciprocating vibration, due to intergranular relative motion or speed difference so that mutually collide and coagulate between particle It is poly-, form bulky grain.
According to a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4, the particulate collection zone 4 sinks including particle Adsorption device 41 and particle collection device 42.
In further preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4, the particle collection device 42 is arranged at particle On heavy adsorption device 41.
In embodiment still more preferably, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5, the particle collection device 42 is perpendicular to institute The heavy adsorption device 41 of particle is stated, also, the particle collection device 42 is parallel with the radial direction perpendicular of particle remover pipeline, i.e., It is parallel with electric charge net.
Wherein, after by coagulation above and area 3, little particle becomes under thermophoretic effect and coagulation and the double action of effect Bulky grain is formed, after bulky grain enters particulate collection zone 4, thermophoretic effect still has, therefore, the direction of motion and the temperature of bulky grain The in opposite direction of gradient is spent, i.e., the heart moves bulky grain in the duct, then, particulate collection zone 4 is provided with particle collection device 42, moved to the left or to the right for blocking axial direction of the bulky grain along pipeline, therefore, be fixed on particle equivalent to by bulky grain Collecting region 4.
In the present invention:In coagulation and area 3, due to there is the bulky grain progress of the presence of alternating current, little particle or formation Up-down vibration, it is unfavorable for powder collection, therefore, simultaneously the phenomenon of powder collection will not occur for area 3 in coagulation;In particulate collection zone 4, The heavy adsorption device 41 of particle does not connect alternating current, therefore alternating current is not present in particulate collection zone 4, and particle will not be carried out Up-down vibration, but be present in the centre position of particle remover under thermophoretic effect, i.e., particle is attached to the heavy adsorption device of particle On 41 surface, in particulate collection zone 4, be provided with particle collection device 42 again, its as baffle plate limit particle to the left or Move right, be trapped in equivalent to by particle in particulate collection zone 4, therefore, particulate collection zone 4 realizes the collection of particle.Need Illustrate, be that up-down vibration enters in the presence of alternating current when particle is from coagulation and the entrance particulate collection zone 4 of area 3, because This, the particle collection device 42 for keeping out effect will not keep out particle and enter particulate collection zone 4.But after reaching collecting region, There is no the effect of alternating current, only exist thermophoretic effect, therefore, particle sinks adsorption device 41 to particle to be drawn close, and by powder collection Device 41 is kept out, it is impossible to is continued to flow, is realized the collection of particle.
According to a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the height of the particle collection device 42 is 20~30mm.
In further preferred embodiment, the height of the particle collection device 42 is 22~28mm.
In embodiment still more preferably, the height of the particle collection device 42 is 25mm.
Wherein, the height of above-mentioned particle collection device 42 be the internal diameter of the pipeline based on particle remover for 120~150mm and Speech, when the internal diameter of the pipeline increase or reduction of particle remover, then the height of particle collection device 42 also should be in corresponding ratio Increased or reduced.
In the present invention, particle first passes through electric charge net 11, and electric charge net 11 assigns particle charge;Powered particle enters coagulation And area 3, in coagulation and area 3, particle leans in the presence of thermophoresis coating 6 to the coagulation at particle remover center and device 33 Hold together, and the up-down vibration under alternating current, little particle gradually form bulky grain;Bulky grain enters particulate collection zone 4, realizes The collection of grain.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of purposes of above-mentioned particle remover, for remove using supercritical carbon dioxide as The radioactive grain remained in the nuclear power generating equipment of working medium.
According to a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, particle remover of the present invention is combined with nuclear power generating equipment, is used for Remove the radioactive grain remained in nuclear power generating equipment.
Wherein, the nuclear power generating equipment is using supercritical carbon dioxide as working medium.
According to a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, the particle remover 7 is arranged in High Temperature Gas The inside of cold dome 8.
In further preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the particle remover 7 is arranged at HTGR 8 In hot gas conduit 83 between heap body 81 and steam generator 82.
Wherein, because supercritical carbon dioxide fluid is circulation flow direction, it repeatedly passes through particle remover 7, can improved To the removal efficiency of particle.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 8, the particle remover 7 is arranged at High Temperature Gas The outside of cold dome 8.
In further preferred embodiment, as shown in figure 8, the left end of the particle remover 7 and HTGR 8 Connection, upper end are connected with generator 83, and right-hand member is connected with steam turbine 84.
Wherein, the particle remover 7 is to be arranged in a manner of embedded between HTGR primary Ioops and secondary circuit Pipeline in, mainly when accident occurs for high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, prevent that there is radioactive particulate matter to leak to secondary circuit The problem of so as to leak in environment.Wherein, the particle remover 7 obtains alternating source from generator 83
In the present invention:(1) pipeline refers to the main pipeline of particle remover;(2) coalescence refers to particle or particulate Mutually collide under external force or adhere to and be agglomerated into the process of larger particles;(3) particle remover is with overcritical Carbon dioxide is write a Chinese character in simplified form for the particle remover of working medium;(4) in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and Fig. 7, gray scale arrow represents overcritical titanium dioxide The flow direction of carbon flow body;(5) in Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, circle represents particle;(6) in fig. 8, black arrow represents overcritical two The flow direction of carbon oxide fluid, the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid working medium can both have been flowed in high-temperature gas-cooled reactor or It can flow in the loop;(7) Fig. 2 is axial horizontal sectional views of the Fig. 1 at A-A;(8) Fig. 4 is axial directions of the Fig. 1 at B-B Vertical section figure, wherein, the section at B-B is vertical with the section at A-A.
Beneficial effect includes possessed by the present invention:
(1) particle remover provided by the present invention is simple in construction, is adapted to large-scale production and application;
(2) particle remover provided by the present invention can remove the small particle that particle diameter is less than 2.5 μm;
(3) heart carries out powder collection to particle remover provided by the present invention in the duct, effectively prevent fine particle Thing is adhered to the problem of inner-walls of duct;
(4) particle remover provided by the present invention can be with all using supercritical carbon dioxide as the high temperature gas-cooled of working medium The coordinative composition of equipments of heap and Bretton energy transformation technology uses.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to explanation, the finger such as term " on ", " under ", "left", "right", " interior " and " outer " The orientation or position relationship shown is based on the orientation or position relationship under working condition of the present invention, is for only for ease of and describes this hair It is bright and simplify description, rather than instruction or imply that signified device or element must have specific orientation, with specific orientation Construction and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
Above in association with preferred embodiment, the present invention is described, but these embodiments are only exemplary , only play illustrative effect.On this basis, a variety of replacements and improvement can be carried out to the present invention, these each fall within this In the protection domain of invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of particle remover using supercritical carbon dioxide as working medium, the particle remover is circular cylindrical pipe structure, Characterized in that, the particle remover includes conduit entrance (1), duct wall (2), coagulation and area (3), particulate collection zone (4) With pipe outlet (5), electric charge net (11) is provided with conduit entrance (1) place, the electric charge net (11) is handed over by electric charge twine (111) Fork is formed, and the spacing between neighbouring electric charge twine (111) is 0.5~2.5mm;
Be provided with thermophoresis coating (6) on the outside of duct wall (2), the thermophoresis coating (6) include conductor (61), coil (62) and Insulation material (63);The coil (62) is wound on conductor (61), alternating current is connected with the coil (62), for producing Raw eddy current effect, and then produce heat;The insulation material (63), which is wrapped in, to be tied with the outside of the conductor of coil (62);
Coagulation and area (3) are provided with AC electrical device (31) and coagulation and device (32);The AC electrical device (31) is ring Shape, it is close to the inner side of duct wall (2);The coagulation and device (32) are arranged at the center of pipeline, and to be vertically arranged;
The particulate collection zone (4) includes the heavy adsorption device (41) of particle and particle collection device (42), wherein, the particle sinks attached Device (41) is parallel with coagulation and device (32) to be vertically arranged;Particle collection device (42) is arranged at the heavy adsorption device of particle (41) on, and it is vertical with particle to sink adsorption device (41).
2. particle remover according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The coagulation and area (3) are used to carry out intergranular coalescence effect, make little particle gradually assemble to form bulky grain thing;With/ Or
The particulate collection zone (4) is used to collect the bulky grain thing formed after coalescence;And/or
The electric charge net (11) is used to make Partial charge on little particle band.
3. particle remover according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The electric charge twine (111) is manganin silk;And/or
Spacing between neighbouring electric charge twine (111) is 1~2mm.
4. particle remover according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The coil (62) is cast iron aluminium nickel cobalt material;And/or
The insulation material (63) is mica material, is dissipated outside the temperature for preventing thermophoresis coating (6), keeps thermophoretic effect.
5. particle remover according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of the thermophoresis coating (6) be 20~ 30mm, wherein, the thickness of conductor (61) is 16~28mm, and the thickness of coil (62) and insulation material (63) is respectively 1~2mm, Wherein, the internal diameter of the pipeline based on particle remover is 120~150mm.
6. particle remover according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the height of the particle collection device (42) is 20 ~30mm, wherein, the internal diameter of the pipeline based on particle remover is 120~150mm.
7. particle remover according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the height of the particle collection device (42) is 22 ~28mm.
8. particle remover according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the height of the particle collection device (42) is 25mm。
CN201610429437.6A 2016-06-16 2016-06-16 A kind of particle remover using supercritical carbon dioxide as working medium Active CN105895184B (en)

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US6012974A (en) * 1998-04-01 2000-01-11 Lee; Shih Tung Method for generating a rough surface on a polymer or a polyamide membrane for the top layer of a flexible rule
JP2001077143A (en) * 1999-09-06 2001-03-23 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Solder bump forming system and formation of solder bump
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