CN105890829B - A kind of device and test method of comparison tunnel force-measuring locking foot anchor tube test performance - Google Patents
A kind of device and test method of comparison tunnel force-measuring locking foot anchor tube test performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN105890829B CN105890829B CN201610329510.2A CN201610329510A CN105890829B CN 105890829 B CN105890829 B CN 105890829B CN 201610329510 A CN201610329510 A CN 201610329510A CN 105890829 B CN105890829 B CN 105890829B
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L25/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus for measuring force, torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of devices and test method of comparison tunnel force-measuring locking foot anchor tube test performance.The present invention is easy for installation, easily operated, can quickly be verified to the test performance for burying fiber grating force-measuring locking foot anchor tube, can be used for the detection of the similar device for measuring force test performance such as a variety of tubular types, rod-type.The technical solution adopted by the present invention includes：Load annulus and supporting rack when the force-measuring locking foot anchor tube of embedded fiber grating, the force-measuring locking foot anchor tube of adhering resistance strain sheets and comparison.By being just placed in two kinds of force-measuring locking foot anchor tubes on supporting rack respectively, multistage loadings test is carried out, and the measurement result respectively tested force-measuring locking foot anchor tube pipe shaft is compared with theoretical value, carrys out the test performance of two kinds of force-measuring locking foot anchor tubes of analysis and judgment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of devices and test method of comparison tunnel force-measuring locking foot anchor tube test performance.
Background technology
Since the 21th century, Chinese society economy and scientific and technological level are constantly progressive, with the Belt and Road and
The it is proposed of " Maritime Silk Road " two big economy-zone strategy, the construction of the major motor vehicles engineering such as bridge, tunnel, dam, highway take
Obtained swift and violent development.For tunnel construction, not only its quantity and scale are expanded, and excavated section is also constantly increasing
Greatly, the problem encountered is also more and more.For the tunnel construction under complex geological condition, problems faced is on the increase.Such as
In Support System in Soft Rock Tunnels digging process, since self is poor, if tunnel supporting method selection is improper, often cause
Tunnel structure deformation instability even caves in, therefore rational supporting structure system is the important guarantor of tunnel construction and operation security
Barrier.A kind of supporting means during foot anchor tube is built as Support System in Soft Rock Tunnels are locked, since its is simple in structure, easily operated, economical
Practicality, control Tunnel sink deformation and structural stability in terms of play the role of it is vital, therefore lock foot
Anchor tube is widely used in Support System in Soft Rock Tunnels engineering construction.But there is the research for shutting foot anchor tube mechanical characteristic and the mechanism of action
Also fewer, most of or analyzed by the method for engineering experience analogy and numerical simulation, doing so will necessarily be to tunnel
Some potential safety problems is buried in road construction, causes the waste of national resources, therefore to lock foot anchor tube mechanical characteristic and force-mechanism
Research it is imperative.
It is existing lock foot anchor tube mechanical characteristic monitoring means, such as adhering resistance strain sheets force-measuring locking foot anchor tube, when
There is shortcomings when it is applied to construction site progress long term monitoring, are embodied in：In moist changeable construction environment
Middle test data is difficult to keep steady in a long-term, and easily by electromagnetic interference, test data is discontinuous, and error is big, it is difficult to realize long-term prison
It surveys.
However before fiber grating sensing technology is applied to tunnel lock foot anchor tube mechanical characteristic test, it is very difficult to judge it
The feasibility of testing experiment and the accuracy of test data, it is seen that it is important come what is verified to it to seek a kind of control methods
Property.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of comparison tunnel force-measuring locking foot anchor tube test performance device and its test method,
It effectively demonstrates embedded fiber grating force-measuring locking foot anchor tube during the test more using the present apparatus and its test method
Stablize, and test data is more accurate and reliable, is carried applied to construction site measurement for embedded fiber grating force-measuring locking foot anchor tube
Good foundation is supplied.
In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the technical scheme is that：A kind of comparison tunnel force-measuring locking foot anchor tube
The device of test performance, it is characterised in that：Including force-measuring locking foot anchor tube, the both ends of the force-measuring locking foot anchor tube are respectively placed in
On supporting rack, it is arranged with load annulus on the pipe shaft of the force-measuring locking foot anchor tube, loads the underface suspension counterweight of annulus.
For the support frame bottom using two rectangular steel pipe vertical weldings at T-shape, top is vertically welded with cylinder
Shape steel pipe one, the top vertical welding steel cylindrical tube two of steel cylindrical tube one, two upper vertical of steel cylindrical tube weld two
Cylindrical steel rods, the distance between two cylindrical steel rods are identical as the outer diameter of force-measuring locking foot anchor tube.
The top of the load annulus is provided with hole, is provided with bolt in hole, the Basolateral for loading annulus is connected with
Nut.
The force-measuring locking foot anchor tube includes two kinds, the force-measuring locking foot anchor tube and adhering resistance of respectively embedded fiber grating
The force-measuring locking foot anchor tube of foil gauge.
A kind of test method of comparison tunnel force-measuring locking foot anchor tube test performance is：One secondary supporting rack is placed in
On level ground, and its axis is made to be in same horizontal line；Then two kinds of force-measuring locking foot anchor tubes are successively placed on supporting rack
Cylindrical steel rods between, and it is made to be mutually perpendicular to steel cylindrical tube two, load annulus is placed on force-measuring locking foot anchor tube pipe shaft,
And after sliding into predetermined loading position, the bolt at the top of load annulus is tightened；Finally two kinds of force-measuring locking foot anchor tubes are carried out respectively
Multistage loadings, every grade of load 100N, carry out next stage load, finally by two methods after being stopped every time to data stabilization after load
Error comparison is carried out with theoretical value to the test result of each measuring point of pipe shaft and carrys out two kinds of force-measuring locking foot anchor tube test performances of analysis and judgment.
Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention is as follows：
1, loading characteristic when the present invention is based on pin-ended simply supported beams by Concentrated load, targetedly proposes
A method of comparison force-measuring locking foot anchor tube test performance.
2, installation method of the present invention is simple, easily operated, economical and practical, can be widely used in comparing laying optical fiber grating
Tubular type or the similar structure such as rod-type test performance.
3, the present invention a little locates application load by by force-measuring locking foot anchor tube pin-ended, and in its pipe shaft, carrys out mould
Stressing conditions when quasi- simply supported beam is by Concentrated load.This method can quickly and efficiently examine embedded fiber grating lock foot anchor
Pipe device for measuring force is applied to the accuracy of feasibility and test result in Practical Project.
4, the test result of the invention fiber grating for after is locked foot anchor tube device for measuring force and is provided very applied to Practical Project
Good theoretical foundation and support.
Description of the drawings
The structural schematic diagram of Fig. 1 apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 2 support frame structure diagrams of the present invention；
Fig. 3 present invention loads the structural schematic diagram of annulus；
Fig. 4 present invention buries fiber grating and locks foot anchor tube device for measuring force schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 present invention buries fiber grating and locks foot anchor tube device for measuring force cross-section diagram；
Fig. 6 adhering resistance strain sheets of the present invention lock foot anchor tube device for measuring force schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 force-measuring locking foot anchor tubes of the embodiment of the present invention respectively test section layout drawing；；
Fig. 8 bands of the present invention compensate 1/4 bridge and connect resistor straining testing instrument schematic diagram；
Stress diagram when force-measuring locking foot anchor tube is by Concentrated load in Fig. 9 contrast tests of the present invention；
Force-measuring locking foot anchor tube stress bending moment diagram in Figure 10 contrast tests of the present invention；
The lock foot anchor tube load test figure of Figure 11 adhering resistance strain sheets of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 12 embodiment of the present invention buries the lock foot anchor tube load test figure of fiber grating；
Figure 13 embodiment of the present invention force-measuring locking foot anchor tube and supporting rack connection figure；
Figure 14 fiber-optical grating temperature sensor layout drawings of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 15 embodiment of the present invention compares device annulus loading figure；
Figure 16 present invention is away from each measuring point strain figure in pipe shaft top when being loaded at the lock foot anchor tube port positions 60cm；
Figure 17 present invention is away from each measuring point strain figure in pipe shaft lower section when being loaded at the lock foot anchor tube port positions 60cm；
Figure 18 present invention is away from each measuring point strain figure in pipe shaft left when being loaded at the lock foot anchor tube port positions 60cm；
Figure 19 present invention is away from each measuring point strain figure in pipe shaft right when being loaded at the lock foot anchor tube port positions 60cm；
Figure 20 present invention is away from each measuring point strain figure in pipe shaft top when being loaded at the lock foot anchor tube port positions 125cm；
Figure 21 present invention is away from each measuring point strain figure in pipe shaft lower section when being loaded at the lock foot anchor tube port positions 125cm；
Figure 22 present invention is away from each measuring point strain figure in pipe shaft left when being loaded at the lock foot anchor tube port positions 125cm；
Figure 23 present invention is away from each measuring point strain figure in pipe shaft right when being loaded at the lock foot anchor tube port positions 125cm；
Figure 24 present invention is away from each measuring point strain figure in pipe shaft top when being loaded at the lock foot anchor tube port positions 190cm；
Figure 25 present invention is away from each measuring point strain figure in pipe shaft lower section when being loaded at the lock foot anchor tube port positions 190cm；
Figure 26 present invention is away from each measuring point strain figure in pipe shaft left when being loaded at the lock foot anchor tube port positions 190cm；
Figure 27 present invention is away from each measuring point strain figure in pipe shaft right when being loaded at the lock foot anchor tube port positions 190cm；
Reference sign：1-lock foot anchor tube ontology, 2-circular holes one, 3-elongated slots, 4-circular holes two, 5-optical cables, 6-
Bare fibre, 7-fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulators, 8-resistance strain gages, 9-conducting wires, 10-resistor straining testing instrument, 11-supporting racks,
12-load annulus, 13-counterweights, 14-nuts, 15-bolts, 16-rectangular steel pipes, 17-steel cylindrical tubes one, 18-circles
Cylindrical steel two, 19-cylindrical steel rods, 20-force-measuring locking foot anchor tubes.
Specific implementation mode
The design is described in detail below by embodiment combination attached drawing：
Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 3：A kind of device of comparison tunnel force-measuring locking foot anchor tube test performance, it is characterised in that：Including surveying
Power locks foot anchor tube 20, and the both ends of the force-measuring locking foot anchor tube 20 are respectively placed on supporting rack 11, the force-measuring locking foot
Load annulus 12 is arranged on the pipe shaft of anchor tube 20, the underface for loading annulus 12 hangs counterweight 13 by line.
Referring to Fig. 2：Using two 16 vertical weldings of rectangular steel pipe at T-shape, top is hung down for 11 bottom of supporting rack
Directly it is welded with steel cylindrical tube 1, the top vertical welding steel cylindrical tube 2 18 of steel cylindrical tube 1, steel cylindrical tube
2 18 upper verticals weld two cylindrical steel rods 19, the distance between two short circle rod iron 19 and force-measuring locking foot anchor tube 20
Outer diameter is identical.
Referring to Fig. 3：The top of the load annulus 12 is provided with hole, and bolt 15 is provided in hole, load annulus 12
Basolateral is connected with nut 14.
The force-measuring locking foot anchor tube 20 includes two kinds, the force-measuring locking foot anchor tube and stickup electricity of respectively embedded fiber grating
Hinder the force-measuring locking foot anchor tube of foil gauge.
Referring to Fig. 4-Fig. 5：The structure of the force-measuring locking foot anchor tube of embedded fiber grating includes lock foot anchor tube ontology 1, described
One end of lock foot anchor tube 1 is provided with conehead, and the pipe shaft upper edge length of tube direction of the lock foot anchor tube 1 is provided with symmetrical 4
The axis of 3,4 elongated slots 3 of a elongated slot is parallel, and each elongated slot 3 is provided at both ends with circular hole 1 and circular hole 24, in each elongated slot
It is equipped with bare fibre 6 by circular hole 1 and circular hole 24, the both ends of the bare fibre 6 stretch out in outside lock foot anchor tube 1, in elongated slot
Bare fibre on be provided with several gratings, bare fibre 6 outside elongated slot carries out armouring and forms optical cable 5, the optical cable 5 and optical fiber
Grating demodulation instrument 7 connects, and the position that the spacing distance between each adjacent gratings respectively tests section according to lock foot anchor tube is arranged, elongated slot
Space flight glue and marine glue are coated on interior bare fibre 6 successively, Loose tube is arranged on the bare fibre 6 in elongated slot.
The fiber grating sensing technology that optical fiber communication technology grows up, in addition to the strong, waterproof with anti-electromagnetic interference capability
Outside the advantage that moisture protection is strong, sensitivity and stability are high, also has the characteristics that information collection and be transmitted in integrated, may be implemented
Distributed measurement.
Referring to Fig. 6：The force-measuring locking foot anchor tube of adhering resistance strain sheets：Including locking foot anchor tube ontology 1, the lock foot anchor tube
One end of ontology 1 is provided with conehead, and the pipe shaft of the lock foot anchor tube ontology 1 tests four, upper and lower, left and right of section part position
Adhering resistance strain sheets 8 respectively, 8 welding lead 9 of resistance strain gage, the other end of conducting wire 9 is according to 1/4 bridge with temperature-compensating
Connection is connected with resistor straining testing instrument 10.
The present invention carries out multistage loadings by the way that force-measuring locking foot anchor tube to be placed in test device, carrys out two kinds of comparative analysis
The test performance of force-measuring locking foot anchor tube.
A kind of test method of comparison tunnel force-measuring locking foot anchor tube test performance：One secondary supporting rack 11 is placed in flatly
On face, and its axis is made to be in same horizontal line；Then two kinds of force-measuring locking foot anchor tubes are successively placed on to the cylinder of supporting rack
Between shape rod iron 19, and it is made to be mutually perpendicular to steel cylindrical tube 2 18, load annulus 12 is placed on force-measuring locking foot anchor tube pipe shaft,
And after sliding into predetermined loading position, the bolt 15 at the top of load annulus is tightened；Finally respectively to two kinds of force-measuring locking foot anchor tubes into
Row multistage loadings, and the test result of each measuring point of pipe shaft and theoretical value are compared and carry out two kinds of force-measuring locking foot anchor tubes of analysis and judgment
Test performance.
Specific implementation method of the present invention is：
(1) preparation before being tested.First, prepare the force-measuring locking foot anchor tube of an above-mentioned laying optical fiber grating,
The force-measuring locking foot anchor tube of a piece adhering resistance strain sheets, the paste position of resistance strain gage are kept with the installation position in optical fiber grid region
It is identical, and two lock foot anchor tubes are using the hot rolled seamless steel tube of same specification, model, batch；Then, it is secondary for branch to make one
The supporting rack for supportting force-measuring locking foot anchor tube makes a load with bolt nut and justifies to simulate the hinged-support at simply supported beam both ends
Ring, it is used when being force-measuring locking foot anchor tube application load.The supporting rack is using rectangular steel pipe, round steel pipe one, circle
Steel pipe two is welded jointly, using two isometric rectangular steel pipe vertical weldings as the pedestal of entire supporting rack, and in pedestal
Upper vertical welding round steel pipe one, welds round steel pipe two on round steel pipe one, two cylinders of vertical welding on round steel pipe two
Shape rod iron, for limiting measuring force lock foot anchor tube rotation.The diameter of the load annulus with bolt nut is slightly larger than dynamometry
The diameter for locking foot anchor tube loads the surface drilling of annulus and tapping, and carries out polishing sharpening to bolt head, is welded immediately below annulus
Nut is connect, counterweight used when for hanging load.
(2) mounting test system.First, one piece of smooth place is chosen, and supporting rack is well placed, two supporting racks must
It must cannot be rocked on same horizontal line；Then, the load annulus with bolt nut is placed on force-measuring locking foot anchor tube pipe
Body, and force-measuring locking foot anchor tube is positioned on supporting rack, ensure force-measuring locking foot anchor tube pipe shaft following position directly and supporting rack top
The steel cylindrical tube one at end is vertical tangent；Finally, force-measuring locking foot anchor tube is connected to test equipment respectively, and is connected to computer.
When carrying out load test to force-measuring locking foot anchor tube with electrical measuring method, by pasting electricity at force-measuring locking foot anchor tube pipe shaft different cross section
Foil gauge is hindered, and lock foot anchor is tested using 1/4 ridge method of the resistance strain gage with temperature-compensating using resistor straining testing instrument
The strain value at each measuring point is managed, is answered using a bit of lock foot anchor tube adhering resistance with the same batch of force-measuring locking foot anchor tube, model
Become piece and is used as temperature compensation means；When carrying out load test to force-measuring locking foot anchor tube with flash spotting, by lock foot anchor tube
Bare optical fibers and bare optical gratings are buried in pipe shaft cutting, connect fiber-optical grating temperature sensor using fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator to compensate force-measuring locking foot
Wavelength change caused by load action at each measuring point of anchor tube, and convert thereof into the dependent variable at each measuring point.
(3) force-measuring locking foot anchor tube is loaded.First, load survey is carried out to the force-measuring locking foot anchor tube for burying fiber grating
Load annulus is slided into preset loading position by examination, and rotating ring makes bolt head be directed at force-measuring locking foot anchor tube pipe shaft
Surface.Then load annulus below nut on hang counterweight, to bury fiber grating force-measuring locking foot anchor tube carry out by
Grade loads, and the variable quantity of its wavelength is acquired by fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator.Finally adhering resistance is answered by above-mentioned loading method
The force-measuring locking foot anchor tube for becoming piece carries out load test.
(4) test data of force-measuring locking foot anchor tube is compared and analyzed with theoretical value.The force-measuring locking being placed on supporting rack
Foot anchor tube is considered as simply supported beam and is acted on by load F, and force diagram, bending moment diagram difference are as shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10.
For AC sections of beam：Its moment of flexure is
For BC sections of beam：Its moment of flexure is
For the stress value of anchor tube pipe shaft each pointWherein y be lock each measuring point of foot anchor tube pipe shaft away from neutral axis away from
From.
Wherein:Wherein D is the outer diameter of force-measuring locking foot anchor tube, and d is internal diameter.
Then the strain of corresponding each measuring point can be acquired：
Since the y values at the force-measuring locking foot anchor tube pipe shaft leftmost side, rightmost side measuring point are 0, at top side, lower side measuring point
Y values it is equal, i.e. the force-measuring locking foot anchor tube leftmost side, the theoretical strain value ε at the measuring point of the rightmost sideIt is left=εIt is right=0, it is top side, most lower
Theoretical strain value at the measuring point of side
Referring to Fig. 7：The test section of selected lock foot anchor tube device for measuring force, test section 1,2,3,4,5 respectively lock by distance
Foot anchor tube end 45cm, 75cm, 115cm, 165cm, 235cm.
Referring to Fig. 8：A kind of band 1/4 bridge connection of compensation of connection resistor straining testing instrument, including used in test strain
Operating resistance piece connection and thermo-compensator piece connection.
Embodiment：
This experiment selection is carried out in Chang An University of Shaanxi Province bridge and tunnel key lab, with the bracing members frame of welding
It is used as the hinged support at simply supported beam both ends, using force-measuring locking foot anchor tube as the header portion of simply supported beam, by loading annulus just
Counterweight is stacked to simulate the load suffered by simply supported beam in lower section.Experiment main purpose is the force-measuring locking to burying bare optical fibers and bare optical gratings
Test performance of the force-measuring locking foot anchor tube of foot anchor tube and adhering resistance strain sheets under load action is compared, that is, uses flash ranging
Method and the test performance of force-measuring locking foot anchor tube when electrical measuring method are compared, and the force-measuring locking foot anchor tube stress to burying fiber grating
Quality event is analyzed.Data collecting system used in this experiment electrical measuring method is TST3821E wireless telemetering static strains
Instrument, using the strain value at 1/4 bridge connection test each measuring point of anchor tube pipe shaft with temperature-compensating；Used in this experiment flash spotting
Data collecting system be MOI companies production SM130-100Hz fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulators, and test during consider temperature draw
The cross sensitivity problem risen, so temperature-compensating is carried out to the inbuilt bare optical fibers and bare optical gratings of lock foot anchor tube pipe shaft, to eliminate temperature pair
The influence of strain variation.When carrying out load test to the force-measuring locking foot anchor tube for burying bare optical fibers and bare optical gratings, the light not stressed is selected
Fine grating temperature sensor is placed in inside anchor tube to carry out temperature-compensating, finally seeks the logarithmic strain value ε of each measuring point.
In formula：ε is the dependent variable of each measuring point caused by load action, Δ λBFor each measuring point caused by load and temperature
Wavelength shift, λBFor the wavelength value of each measuring point of anchor tube caused by load and temperature collective effect,To lock foot anchor tube
The initial wavelength of fiber grating at each measuring point, Δ λTFor the wavelength shift of the fiber-optical grating temperature sensor caused by temperature, λT
For the wavelength value of the fiber-optical grating temperature sensor under temperature action,For the initial wavelength of fiber-optical grating temperature sensor,
αεFor the ga(u)ge factor of fiber grating.
The step of comparison lock foot anchor tube device for measuring force test performance method：
(1) making of fiber grating force-measuring locking foot anchor tube is buried.This experiment lock foot anchor tube is using length 2.5m, diameter
50mm, the hot rolled seamless steel tube that wall thickness is 4mm, it is each test section be chosen at respectively away from lock foot anchor tube port 0.45m, 0.75m,
The position of 1.15m, 1.65m, 2.35m, referring to Fig. 7.According to the experimental program formulated in advance, when making, first with milling cutter from
Position away from lock foot anchor tube port 0.4m starts, respectively in the top of lock foot anchor tube pipe shaft, bottom, leftmost, rightmost
The elongated slot of one of length 2m, width 1mm, depth 1mm along its length, are cut in four positions, and drill at elongated slot both ends, for drop
Influence of the low pipe shaft aperture to anchor tube intensity, upper lower opening use the form of interlaced arrangement with left and right hole, i.e., upper lower opening is from away from lock foot
Diameter 3.5mm apertures are obliquely squeezed into the position of anchor tube port 0.4m, 2.39m, left and right hole from away from lock foot anchor tube port 0.41m,
Diameter 3.5mm apertures are obliquely squeezed at the position of 2.4m；Secondly it is polished pipe shaft cutting with sand paper, keeps its smooth flat
It is whole, the rayon balls for being moistened with absolute alcohol be used in combination that wiping cleaning is repeated to pipe shaft groove and its nearby, to remove elongated slot table
The iron rust and greasy dirt in face；Then optical fiber is exposed by vibration amplitude mask plate to form the optical fiber light of periodic distribution using ultraviolet laser
Grid, and by micrometer driving in the way of to grating carry out it is high-precision manually adjust, to make it reach expected in encapsulated phase
Centre wavelength；Finally bare optical fibers and bare optical gratings are placed in pipe shaft groove, are packaged by injecting space flight glue into groove,
It is protected in anchor tube pipe shaft winding metal tape, notices that point position is preset one by one in the grid region position of bare optical fibers and bare optical gratings with experiment
It is corresponding, and armouring is carried out to the optical fiber near drilling, the optical cable that armouring is formed is introduced from the drilling at anchor tube both ends in anchor tube
It is drawn from anchor tube port behind portion, connects FC/APC connectors, form redundancy.
(2) making of adhering resistance strain sheets force-measuring locking foot anchor tube.It is same to choose with flash spotting with contracting foot anchor tube with a batch
Secondary, same model length 2.5m, diameter 50mm, the hot rolled seamless steel tube that wall thickness is 4mm, each section of testing equally are chosen at away from lock
The position of foot anchor tube port 0.45m, 0.75m, 1.15m, 1.65m, 2.35m.When making, first with sander to each test section
Position carries out carry out sanding and polishing, is used in combination the rayon balls for speckling with absolute alcohol that will test the patch sites of section in one direction
Wiped clean, to remove the iron rust and greasy dirt on anchor tube surface；Then lock foot anchor tube respectively test section circumference it is most upper, most under, most
With 502 glue resistance strain gages at left, most right four positions, using 302 glue connecting terminals, and by foil gauge lead-out wire
It is welded to one end of connecting terminal, the other end and the conducting wire of connecting terminal weld, this experiment is using BF350-6AA types
Resistance strain gage, 350 Ω of resistance value, sensitivity coefficient 2.11；Finally to being protected at patch, using in foil gauge and terminals
Certain thickness 704 glue of external coating of son protects it, and arrangement is numbered to the conducting wire of extraction.
(3) installation of experimental rig.This experiment supporting rack used is welded using rectangular steel pipe and round steel pipe,
Base portion using rectangular steel pipe vertical welding as entire supporting rack, oblong steel pipe are made with short round steel pipe vertical welding
For support section, the entire high 55cm of supporting rack.It is placed on force-measuring locking foot anchor tube pipe shaft, is come using the load annulus of internal diameter 53mm
Load is provided, the apical position for loading annulus carries out drilling and tapping to connect bolt, and bolt end is fined away by polishing, circle
Ring bottom end WELD NUTS is used to hang counterweight when load.Such as Figure 11-Figure 15, when experiment, supporting rack is positioned over first smooth
Ground on and being adjusted makes two supporting rack axis be on same straight line；Then force-measuring locking foot anchor tube is placed in supporting rack
On, and each reserved 5cm in force-measuring locking foot anchor tube both ends, and rotate force-measuring locking foot anchor tube and make its following position directly and supporting rack top
Pipe is vertically tangent；Annulus is finally slided into preset loading position, and tightens bolt.This experiment is set at 3 altogether
Loading position, respectively away from lock foot anchor tube port 60cm, 125cm, 190cm.
(4) load test is carried out to embedded fiber grating force-measuring locking foot anchor tube.4 armored optical cables and optical fiber will be drawn first
Grating temperature sensor is connected to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator simultaneously, and fiber-optic grating sensor is filled at anchor tube bottom port,
With the effect for ensuring the two in same temperature environment field and fiber-optic grating sensor does not stress；It secondly will load annulus sliding
To at away from the anchor tube port positions 125cm, bolt is tightened, and record the initial wavelength of fiber grating at each measuring point；Then added
It carries, the counterweight of suspension weight 10kg, records a group number-reading after stopping 10min, stop when being loaded onto 50kg every time；Finally according to
The above method respectively slides into annulus away from being loaded at the position 60cm, 190cm of anchor tube port and record reading.
(5) load test is carried out to adhering resistance strain sheets force-measuring locking foot anchor tube.First by connect each measuring point conducting wire and
Temperature compensation block accesses static strain Acquisition Instrument by 1/4 ridge method with temperature-compensating, and temperature compensation block is used with lock foot anchor tube
Identical material is made using the anchor tube of one section of long 30cm, and pastes identical resistance strain gage with electrical measuring method lock foot anchor tube；So
Annulus is slid into away from the positions 125cm of anchor tube port afterwards, is loaded after tightening bolt, every time the counterweight of suspension weight 10kg,
A group number-reading is recorded after stopping 10min, is stopped when being loaded onto 50kg；Finally annulus is slid into respectively according to the method described above
Away from being loaded at the position 60cm, 190cm of anchor tube port and record reading.
(6) comparison of test results is analyzed：It can be seen that from Figure 16 and Figure 17 when at port 60cm away from force-measuring locking foot anchor tube
The place of setting be further applied load effect when, right over two kinds of force-measuring locking foot anchor tube pipe shafts, the strain measured value of each measuring point in underface with it is theoretical
Value is coincide substantially, and changing rule is consistent.It is theoretical for two kinds of force-measuring locking foot anchor tube pipe shaft front-lefts, each measuring point of front-right
Test value is 0, and the force-measuring locking foot anchor tube pipe shaft that embedded fiber grating is can be seen that from the measurement result of Figure 18 and Figure 19 is respectively surveyed
The measured value of point is in substantially near 0 value, maximum deviation only 6 μ ε, and the force-measuring locking foot anchor tube pipe shaft of adhering resistance strain sheets
There is very large deviation in the measured value of each measuring point, maximum deviation is 20 μ ε with theoretical value.
From Figure 20 and Figure 21 can be seen that when be further applied load at away from the force-measuring locking foot anchor tube port positions 125cm effect when,
Two kinds of force-measuring locking foot anchor tube pipe shafts surfaces, the strain measured value of each measuring point in underface and theoretical value are coincide substantially, changing rule
Unanimously.For two kinds of force-measuring locking foot anchor tube pipe shaft front-lefts, each measuring point of front-right, theoretical test value is 0, from Figure 22 and
The measured value that the measurement result of Figure 23 can be seen that each measuring point of force-measuring locking foot anchor tube pipe shaft of embedded fiber grating is in 0 substantially
Value nearby, maximum deviation only 9 μ ε, and the measured value of each measuring point of force-measuring locking foot anchor tube pipe shaft of adhering resistance strain sheets and theory
There is very large deviation in value, maximum deviation is 25 μ ε.
From Figure 24 and Figure 25 can be seen that when away from lock the foot anchor tube port positions 190cm at be further applied load effect when, two kinds
Force-measuring locking foot anchor tube pipe shaft surface, the strain measured value of each measuring point in underface and theoretical value are coincide substantially, and changing rule is consistent.
For two kinds of force-measuring locking foot anchor tube pipe shaft front-lefts, each measuring point of front-right, theoretical test value is 0, from Figure 26 and Figure 27
The measured value of measurement result each measuring point of force-measuring locking foot anchor tube pipe shaft for can be seen that embedded fiber grating to be in 0 value substantially attached
Closely, maximum deviation only 4 μ ε, and the measured value of each measuring point of force-measuring locking foot anchor tube pipe shaft of adhering resistance strain sheets is deposited with theoretical value
In very large deviation, maximum deviation is 27 μ ε.
The force-measuring locking foot anchor tube that can be seen that embedded fiber grating from above-mentioned comparing result is special in test lock foot anchor tube stress
Property during data stabilization it is reliable, error is small, be applied to actual tunnel construction in come study lock foot anchor tube mechanical characteristic
And the mechanism of action is feasible.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of device of comparison tunnel force-measuring locking foot anchor tube test performance, it is characterised in that：Including force-measuring locking foot anchor tube（20）,
The force-measuring locking foot anchor tube（20）Both ends be respectively placed in supporting rack（11）On, the force-measuring locking foot anchor tube（20）'s
Load annulus is arranged on pipe shaft（12）, load annulus（12）Underface hang counterweight（13）；
The supporting rack（11）Bottom uses two rectangular steel pipes（16）Vertical welding is vertically welded at T-shape, top
Steel cylindrical tube one（17）, steel cylindrical tube one（17）Top vertical welding steel cylindrical tube two（18）, steel cylindrical tube two
（18）Upper vertical welds two cylindrical steel rods（19）, two cylindrical steel rods（19）The distance between with force-measuring locking foot anchor tube
（20）Outer diameter it is identical；
The load annulus（12）Top be provided with hole, be provided with bolt in hole（15）, load annulus（12）Bottom end outside
Side is connected with nut（14）；
The force-measuring locking foot anchor tube（20）Including two kinds, the force-measuring locking foot anchor tube and adhering resistance of respectively embedded fiber grating
The force-measuring locking foot anchor tube of foil gauge；
It is a kind of comparison tunnel force-measuring locking foot anchor tube test performance test method be：By a secondary supporting rack（11）It is placed in flatly
On face, and its axis is made to be in same horizontal line；Then two kinds of force-measuring locking foot anchor tubes are successively placed on to the cylinder of supporting rack
Shape rod iron（19）Between, and make itself and steel cylindrical tube two（18）It is mutually perpendicular to, annulus will be loaded（12）It is placed on force-measuring locking foot anchor
Pipe pipe shaft, and after sliding into predetermined loading position, tighten the bolt at the top of load annulus（15）；Finally respectively to two kinds of force-measuring lockings
Foot anchor tube carries out multistage loadings, and every grade of load 100N carries out next stage load, finally after being stopped every time to data stabilization after load
Two methods are subjected to error comparison with theoretical value to the test result of each measuring point of pipe shaft and carry out two kinds of force-measuring locking foot anchors of analysis and judgment
Pipe test performance.
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| CN108060935B (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2020-05-26 | 长安大学 | Embedding method of tunnel fiber grating force measurement lock pin anchor pipe |
| CN108087029B (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2019-09-20 | 长安大学 | A kind of measuring point guard method of fiber grating force-measuring locking foot anchor tube |
| CN110726394B (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2021-08-17 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Calibrating device and method suitable for strain gauge pasting process |
| CN110864888B (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2022-02-18 | 长安大学 | Analog loading device and loading method for tunnel lock pin anchor pipe |
| CN113107565B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-08-12 | 悉地（苏州）勘察设计顾问有限公司 | Internal force measuring device and method for locking anchor pipe of tunnel supporting system |
| CN114184495B (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2024-01-26 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Ship equivalent Liang Lingmin degree coefficient calibration fixing device and determination method |
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