CN105885077A - Method for ultrasonically preparing macromolecular porous membrane - Google Patents
Method for ultrasonically preparing macromolecular porous membrane Download PDFInfo
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- CN105885077A CN105885077A CN201410652258.XA CN201410652258A CN105885077A CN 105885077 A CN105885077 A CN 105885077A CN 201410652258 A CN201410652258 A CN 201410652258A CN 105885077 A CN105885077 A CN 105885077A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for ultrasonically preparing a macromolecular porous membrane material and belongs to the technical field of functional materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving a certain amount of macromolecular material into a good solvent, and preparing a micron-scale-thick macromolecular membrane on a substrate by a scraper method; (2) mixing two kinds of solvents, which have different dissolution properties to the macromolecular material, according to a certain ratio, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment at normal temperature so as to achieve thorough mixing; and (3) placing the macromolecular membrane sample prepared in the step (1) into the solution, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment at normal temperature for a certain time so as to form a micro-/nano-scale three-dimensional porous membrane on a macromolecular surface, wherein the pore size distribution is uniform. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple process, low energy consumption, high efficiency and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method preparing high-molecular porous film, belong to technical field of function materials.
Background technology
Highly ordered porous materials is the rapidly growing novel nano structure material nineties in 20th century, and it obtains the great attention of international physics, chemistry and material educational circles once being born, and develops rapidly and become one of study hotspot interdisciplinary.Its distinguishing feature of nano ordered porous material is exactly queueing discipline, pore passage structure size is adjustable and specific surface area is bigger etc..Then make it separating, adsorb, be catalyzed, the aspect such as biology, medical science has huge application potential.In chemical industry, information communication, biotechnology, the field such as environmental energy has important using value.
With corresponding membrane separation technique, perforated membrane includes that microfiltration, ultrafiltration, electrodialysis, reverse osmosis etc. are widely used to the fields such as food, medical and health, biotechnology, chemical industry, environment, play the most important effect.As the porous material of carrier material, can not only be used for catalyst carrier also can be as pharmaceutical carrier.Additionally, porous material can be used as efficient air liquid phase column material, sensor sensitive material, special cells material, the even protective layer material during enzyme or albumen transport.Meanwhile, multiple dimensioned ordered porous membrane material can be used as catalyst carrier, dye-sensitized solar cell anode, membrane reactor etc., and also has potential application prospect at aspects such as ion exchange, chromatography, sensors.
Research to highly ordered porous materials the most extensively launches, and by the effort of scientist, this field has been achieved for the most progressive.But, owing to the research of each side such as the preparation of highly ordered porous materials, character, function needs comprehensive chemically and physically knowledge, thus yet suffer from some problems needing to solve.Porous material preparation method is a lot, and conventional has phase inversion method, phase separation method, sol-gel process, macromole rigging method, solvent pore i.e. solvent-nonsolvent effect etc..And the formation of micron and nanostructured generally has indentation method, solvent and non-solvent effect, phase separation method, emulsion polymerization, masterplate method, etching method, self-assembly method etc..The often operating process of these methods is more complicated, power consumption height, and the used time is long, and how seeking simpler easy-operating method is to prepare the key issue of porous membrane.Research finds directly thin film to be carried out supersound process, and used time short effect is good, can effectively be controlled loose structure and the hole Density Distribution of thin film by control solvent and the ratio of non-solvent and ultrasonic time, obtain orderly perforated membrane.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of ultrasonic method preparing high-molecular porous film.
The technical solution used in the present invention is to provide a kind of ultrasonic method preparing high-molecular porous film, and the method step is as follows:
1) preparation of mixed liquor: choose two kinds to the different good solvent of macromolecular material solubility property and poor solvent；Both solvent mixed liquors are mixed and sonicated in certain proportion, are allowed to form the emulsion that dispersion is homogeneous；
2) preparation of polymeric membrane: be dissolved in solvent by macromolecular material, is coated in the method for the solution physics prepared or chemistry on substrate, then prepared film is placed on step 1) in solution in；
3) preparation of high-molecular porous thin film: be placed in by high molecular film material in the mixed liquor of above-mentioned good solvent and poor solvent, room temperature supersound process certain time, takes out thin film, through distilled water wash and is dried at room temperature, obtains high-molecular porous thin film.
Using sonic oscillation method to prepare high-molecular porous film, described macromolecule member material thing is selected from polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polrvinyl chloride, Kynoar, cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polymethacrylates, polyformaldehyde, polyimides, polyacrylonitrile..
Described method is ultrasonic method.
Described polymeric membrane can be prepared by physics or chemical method.
Described mixed liquor to select two kinds of good solvents diverse to macromolecule member material solubility property and poor solvent.
Mass percent shared by described good solvent is 5%-20%.
Described mixed liquor needs supersound process 2-30min, until forming homogeneous suspension.
Described polymeric membrane needs supersound process 30-120s.
After described polymeric membrane supersound process, clean with distilled water flushing immediately, then it is dried under room temperature.
The high-molecular porous membrane aperture controlled range of described preparation is 500nm-300 μm.
The high-molecular porous film of described preparation is three-dimensional porous membrane.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) multiple high-molecular porous film, applied range can be prepared, which greatly simplifies technical process；
2) have multiple owing to a kind of high molecular solvent can be dissolved, so the optional good solvent diverse to macromolecule member material solubility property of preparation process and poor solvent, can effectively select appropriate solvent；
3) due to sonification procedure, the simple and used time is short, greatly reduces energy consumption and time；
4) by controlling the ratio between good solvent and poor solvent and sonication treatment time, pore size and hole Density Distribution can be efficiently controlled, so the scope of application is wider, the perforated membrane of a series of different pore size distribution can be prepared.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the polystyrene porous membrane field emission scanning electron microscope picture of embodiment 1 preparation.
Detailed description of the invention
Use sonic oscillation method, prepare high-molecular porous film with high polymer material for raw material.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, so that those skilled in the art can be better understood from the present invention and can be practiced, but illustrated embodiment is not as a limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of ultrasonic high-molecular porous thin film, the method step is as follows:
1) preparation of mixed liquor
1. configuration quality mark is 10% toluene solution
2. above-mentioned mixed liquor is carried out supersound process 5min, forms the emulsion that the dispersion of toluene and water is homogeneous.
2) prepared by polymeric membrane
By Britain Goodfellow Co.Ltd. produce molecular weight be 200kDa polystyrene, be dissolved in toluene, join PS concentration is the suspension of 10%.It is 200 μm knifing rod knifing with thickness, obtains PS film.
3) preparation of high-molecular porous film
PS film is placed in the mixed liquor of toluene and water, supersound process 30s, takes out rapidly thin film, with distilled water wash, be dried, obtain PS three-dimensional porous membrane.
Fig. 1 is the field emission scanning electron microscope figure of the PS porous film surface prepared, and as seen from the figure, the three-dimensional porous membrane pore-size distribution prepared is narrower, and basic controlling is in 500nm-20 μm, and hole density is relatively big, has good application potential.
As seen from the above-described embodiment, prepared PS three-dimensional porous membrane has narrower pore-size distribution, and pore size can be by PS/ toluene polymer concentration, toluene and the concentration of water mixed liquid, ultrasonic power, supersonic frequency and ultrasonic time and the control of film thickness, thus the high-molecular porous film with different pore size size and pore-size distribution can be prepared, there is bigger practical value.And sonication treatment time is short, simple to operate, to reducing cost, there is great help.
Claims (11)
1. the ultrasonic method preparing high-molecular porous film, it is characterised in that the method step is as follows,
1) preparation of mixed liquor: choose two kinds to the different good solvent of macromolecular material solubility property and bad molten
Agent；Both solvent mixed liquors are mixed and sonicated in certain proportion, are allowed to form dispersion all
The emulsion of one；
2) preparation of polymeric membrane: be dissolved in solvent by macromolecular material, by the solution physics prepared or change
Learn method be coated on substrate, then prepared film is placed on step 1) in solution in；
3) preparation of high-molecular porous film: high molecular film material is placed in the mixed of above-mentioned good solvent and poor solvent
Close in liquid, room temperature supersound process certain time, take out thin film, through distilled water wash and do at room temperature
Dry, obtain high-molecular porous thin film.
A kind of method preparing high-molecular porous film the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Stating macromolecular material is polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polrvinyl chloride, Kynoar, cellulose,
Polyvinyl alcohol, polymethacrylates, polyformaldehyde, polyimides, polyacrylonitrile.
A kind of method preparing high-molecular porous film the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
The method stated is ultrasonic method.
A kind of method preparing high-molecular porous film the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State polymeric membrane to be prepared by physics or chemical method.
A kind of method preparing high-molecular porous film the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State mixed liquor and to select two kinds of good solvents diverse to macromolecule member material solubility property and poor solvent.
A kind of method preparing high-molecular porous film the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Stating the mass percent shared by good solvent is 5%-20%.
A kind of method preparing high-molecular porous film the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State mixed liquor and need supersound process 2-30min.
A kind of method preparing high-molecular porous film the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State polymeric membrane and need supersound process 5-120s.
A kind of method preparing high-molecular porous film the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
After stating polymeric membrane supersound process, clean with distilled water flushing immediately, then it is dried under room temperature.
A kind of method preparing high-molecular porous film the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
The high-molecular porous membrane aperture controlled range of preparation is 500nm-300 μm.
11. a kind of methods preparing high-molecular porous film according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
The high-molecular porous film of preparation is three-dimensional porous membrane.
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| CN201410652258.XA CN105885077A (en) | 2014-11-14 | 2014-11-14 | Method for ultrasonically preparing macromolecular porous membrane |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113957703A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-01-21 | 浙江理工大学 | Beaded nanofiber material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114835944A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-08-02 | 广东省科学院生态环境与土壤研究所 | Energy-consumption self-sufficient type efficient photothermal evaporation nano-particle porous membrane and preparation method and application thereof |
-
2014
- 2014-11-14 CN CN201410652258.XA patent/CN105885077A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113957703A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-01-21 | 浙江理工大学 | Beaded nanofiber material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113957703B (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2023-11-03 | 浙江理工大学 | Beaded nanofiber material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114835944A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-08-02 | 广东省科学院生态环境与土壤研究所 | Energy-consumption self-sufficient type efficient photothermal evaporation nano-particle porous membrane and preparation method and application thereof |
| US11820679B1 (en) | 2022-07-04 | 2023-11-21 | Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences | Energy self-sufficient high-efficiency photo-thermal evaporative nano-particle porous membrane, preparation method and application thereof |
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