One class has the trimerization anion surface active agent of long rigid attachment base and formation thereof
Viscoelastic solution
Technical field
The present invention relates to the viscoelastic solution of a class trimerization anion surface active agent and formation thereof, contain particularly to one
The trimerization anion surface active agent of long rigid attachment base and the viscoelastic solution of formation thereof, belong to surfactant scientific domain.
Background technology
Surfactant viscoelastic solution has a wide range of applications in daily life and commercial production, as oil field is adopted
The fracturing fluid used in oil, pulls drag reducer and daily cleaning agent prescription etc..Common surfactant viscoelastic solution system can
It is divided into surfactant/salt system or mixed surfactant system.But, this kind of system typically requires higher surface activity
Agent concentration, this makes the application cost of surfactant viscoelastic solution higher.Simultaneously as this kind of viscoelastic solution is by various ingredients
Compounding formation, when using (such as rock stratum or soil) in some has the system of complicated interface, can produce chromatographic fractionation effect, make
Obtain mixed solution and lose viscoelasticity, reduce its application performance.On the other hand, also system can be caused unnecessary pollution, increase
Add the difficulty of post processing.
The viscoelasticity of surfactant solution is closely related with the molecular structure of surfactant.Oligo surfactant contains
There is different kinds of molecules structural element, asymmetric aggregated structure such as rod-shaped micelle or anthelmintic glue can be self-assembly of under low concentration
Bundles etc., make solutions display go out the strongest viscoelasticity, cause the broad interest of people in recent years.Oligomeric surface is lived by spacer group
The self-organizing behavioral implications of property agent is notable.If suitable spacer group, the molecule of appropriate design oligo surfactant can be selected
Structure, then be expected to the effect not against any additive, it is thus achieved that has high viscoelastic surfactant solution system.
Summary of the invention
For the defect overcoming current surfactant viscoelastic solution to exist in application aspect, the present invention utilizes 1, and 1,1-tri-
The molecular characterization of (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, as the long rigid attachment group of terpolymer surfactant, has synthesized one
Class can form the trimerization anion surface active agent of viscoelastic solution without any additive.
The technical scheme is that with 1,1,1-tri-(4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane is spacer group, synthesizes a class trimerization cloudy
Ionic surface active agent C-TrisPhCnNa (n is the carbon number contained by surfactant hydrophobic alkane chain).Again by this surface
Activating agent is dissolved in water, forms viscoelastic solution.Wherein trimerization anion surface active agent C-TrisPhCnThe structural formula of Na is as follows:
Trimerization anion surface active agent C-TrisPhCnThe synthetic route of Na (n=10,12,14) is as follows:
By a certain amount of trimerization anion surface active agent C-TrisPhCnNa (n=10,12,14) is dissolved in water, can obtain
Obtain corresponding surfactant viscoelastic solution.
Beneficial effect
Containing the trimerization anion surface active agent of long rigid attachment base, in the case of not against any additive
Formation has good viscoelastic solution.The defects such as use cost, the chromatographic fractionation effect in elimination use can be reduced.Can apply
In oil field fracturing fluid, the formula of towing drag reducer or daily cleaning agent.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 C-TrisPhC10The nuclear magnetic spectrogram (recording in MeOD) of Na.
Fig. 2 C-TrisPhC12The nuclear magnetic spectrogram (recording in MeOD) of Na.
Fig. 3 C-TrisPhC14The nuclear magnetic spectrogram (recording in MeOD) of Na.
C-TrisPhC under Fig. 4 variable concentrations10The viscosity of Na solution is with the change curve of shear rate.
C-TrisPhC under Fig. 5 variable concentrations12The viscosity of Na solution is with the change curve of shear rate.
C-TrisPhC under Fig. 6 variable concentrations14The viscosity of Na solution is with the change curve of shear rate.
Fig. 7 trimerization anion surface active agent (C-TrisPhCnNa, n=10,12,14) zero-shear viscosity of solution is with dense
The change curve of degree.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1: the synthesis of alpha-brominated methyl dodecanoate.Lauric acid/dodecanoic acid (68.8g, 0.4mol) is added 500mL there-necked flask
In, melt at 65 DEG C, be slowly added dropwise thionyl chloride (67.6g, 0.56mol) under stirring, drip and temperature is increased to 90 DEG C,
Add a little elemental iodine as initiator, be slowly added dropwise through the dried bromine (73.6g, 0.46mol) of concentrated sulphuric acid, be stirred at reflux
12 hours, cool the temperature to 65 DEG C, the lower dropping absolute methanol 60mL of stirring, refluxes 2-4 hour after adding.3-is washed with water after cooling
4 times, then with saturated sodium bisulfite solution 50mL washing organic layer to neutral, be finally washed with water 3-4 time.Organic layer adds anhydrous
Magnesium sulfate is dried overnight.After filtration, alpha-brominated methyl dodecanoate is distilled to obtain in crude product decompression.154~158 DEG C/5mmHg.
Embodiment 2: the synthesis of alpha-brominated methyl myristate.Tetradecylic acid (150g, 0.6568mol) is added 500mL tri-mouthfuls
In Ping, melt at 65 DEG C, be slowly added dropwise thionyl chloride (106.6g, 0.821mol) under stirring, drip and temperature is increased to
90 DEG C, add a little elemental iodine as initiator, be slowly added dropwise through the dried bromine (131.2g, 0.821mol) of concentrated sulphuric acid,
It is stirred at reflux 12 hours, cools the temperature to 65 DEG C, the lower dropping absolute methanol 120mL of stirring, refluxes 2-4 hour after adding.Cooling
After wash with water 3-4 time, then with saturated sodium bisulfite solution 50mL washing organic layer to neutral, be finally washed with water 3-4 time.Organic
Layer adds anhydrous magnesium sulfate and is dried overnight.After filtration, alpha-brominated methyl myristate is distilled to obtain in crude product decompression.175~180 DEG C/
5mmHg。
Embodiment 3: the synthesis of alpha-brominated methyl palmitate.Hexadecylic acid (150g, 0.58mol) is added 500mL there-necked flask
In, melt at 65 DEG C, be slowly added dropwise thionyl chloride (95.1g, 0.73mol) under stirring, drip and temperature is increased to 90 DEG C,
Add a little elemental iodine as initiator, be slowly added dropwise through the dried bromine (116.6g, 0.73mol) of concentrated sulphuric acid, stir back
Flow 12 hours, cool the temperature to 65 DEG C, the lower dropping absolute methanol 80mL of stirring, refluxes 2-4 hour after adding.Wash with water after cooling
3-4 time, then with saturated sodium bisulfite solution 50mL washing organic layer to neutral, be finally washed with water 3-4 time.Organic layer adds nothing
Water magnesium sulfate is dried overnight.After filtration, alpha-brominated methyl palmitate is distilled to obtain in crude product decompression.192~196 DEG C/5mmHg.
Embodiment 4:C-TrisPhC10The synthesis of Na.By 1,1,1-tri-(4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane (8.1g, 0.026mol), warp
The DMF (100mL) that molecular sieve after activation processed adds in the three-necked bottle of 500mL, and nitrogen atmosphere prevents
Phenolic hydroxyl group aoxidizes.Add Anhydrous potassium carbonate (28g, 0.207mol), be warming up to 60 DEG C, the alpha-brominated methyl dodecanoate of disposable addition
(31.2g, 0.104mol) (is dissolved in the DMF of 40mL), is warming up to 85 DEG C after 2h, reacts 24 hours.Cold
But after, sucking filtration obtains yellow filtrate, by the DMF removed under reduced pressure in filtrate.Filtrate is transferred in separatory funnel,
First add 60mL petroleum ether, add 80mL frozen water washing organic layer 3-4 time.Organic layer is separated, adds anhydrous magnesium sulfate and be dried,
Removed under reduced pressure petroleum ether after filtration.Residue uses column chromatography, and eluant starts with petroleum ether, later with petroleum ether and acetic acid
The mixed liquor (volume ratio is 10:1) of ethyl ester.Obtain light yellow viscous liquid.Productivity is 70.8%.By this liquid (13g,
0.014mol), sodium hydroxide (1.9g, 0.046mol) and 100mL dehydrated alcohol are equipped with the single port flask of reflux condensing tube
In.Temperature is raised to 85 DEG C of backflows overnight.Reactant mixture is centrifuged to obtain white precipitate.Precipitation uses absolute ethanol washing four times,
End product C-TrisPhC it is dried to obtain in vacuum drying oven10Na.Productivity is 75.6%.
Embodiment 5:C-TrisPhC12The synthesis of Na.By 1,1,1-tri-(4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane (8.5g, 0.028mol), warp
The DMF (100mL) that molecular sieve after activation processed adds in the three-necked bottle of 500mL, and nitrogen atmosphere prevents
Phenolic hydroxyl group aoxidizes.Add Anhydrous potassium carbonate (28g, 0.207mol), be warming up to 60 DEG C, the alpha-brominated methyl myristate of disposable addition
(17.8g, 0.056mol) (is dissolved in the DMF of 45mL), is warming up to 85 DEG C after 2h, reacts 24 hours.Cold
But after, sucking filtration obtains yellow filtrate, by the DMF removed under reduced pressure in filtrate.Filtrate is transferred in separatory funnel,
First add 60mL petroleum ether, add 80mL frozen water washing organic layer 3-4 time.Organic layer is separated, adds anhydrous magnesium sulfate and be dried,
Removed under reduced pressure petroleum ether after filtration.Residue uses column chromatography, and eluant starts with petroleum ether, later with petroleum ether and acetic acid
The mixed liquor (volume ratio is 10:1) of ethyl ester.Obtain light yellow viscous liquid.Productivity is 75.4%.By this liquid (23g,
0.022mol), sodium hydroxide (2.95g, 0.074mol) and 100mL dehydrated alcohol are equipped with the single port flask of reflux condensing tube
In.Temperature is raised to 85 DEG C of backflows overnight.Reactant mixture is centrifuged to obtain white precipitate.Precipitation uses absolute ethanol washing four times,
End product C-TrisPhC it is dried to obtain in vacuum drying oven12Na.Productivity is 77.9%.
Embodiment 6:C-TrisPhC14The synthesis of Na.By 1,1,1-tri-(4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane (8.4g, 0.027mol), warp
The DMF (100mL) that molecular sieve after activation processed adds in the three-necked bottle of 500mL, and nitrogen atmosphere prevents
Phenol aoxidizes.Add Anhydrous potassium carbonate (28g, 0.207mol), be warming up to 60 DEG C, the alpha-brominated methyl palmitate of disposable addition
(38.3g, 0.100mol) (is dissolved in the DMF of 60mL), is warming up to 85 DEG C after 2h, reacts 24 hours.Cold
But after, sucking filtration obtains yellow filtrate, by the DMF removed under reduced pressure in filtrate.Filtrate is transferred in separatory funnel,
First add 60mL petroleum ether, add 80mL frozen water washing organic layer 3-4 time.Organic layer is separated, adds anhydrous magnesium sulfate and be dried,
Removed under reduced pressure petroleum ether after filtration.Residue uses column chromatography, and eluant starts with petroleum ether, later with petroleum ether and acetic acid
The mixed liquor (volume ratio is 10:1) of ethyl ester.Obtain light yellow viscous liquid.Productivity is 71.7%.By this liquid (25.9g,
0.023mol), sodium hydroxide (3.075g, 0.077mol) and 100mL dehydrated alcohol are equipped with the single port burning of reflux condensing tube
In Ping.Temperature is raised to 85 DEG C of backflows overnight.Reactant mixture is centrifuged to obtain white precipitate.Precipitation absolute ethanol washing four
Secondary, dried end product C-TrisPhC in vacuum drying oven14Na.Productivity is 80.6%.
Embodiment 7: the preparation of surfactant solution.Weigh a certain amount of C-TrisPhC respectively10Na、C-
TrisPhC12Na and C-TrisPhC14Na solid, is dissolved in the water of certain volume, i.e. obtains series of surfactants solution.
Embodiment 8: trimerization anion surface active agent C-TrisPhCnThe viscoelasticity of Na (n=10,12,14) solution is surveyed
Amount.Series of surfactants solution is stood at 25 DEG C 48h, and at 25 DEG C, carries out the test of stable state rheological property.Result
As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5 and Figure 6.After exceeding finite concentration, surfactant solution shows shear thinning phenomenon, illustrates to have bright
Aobvious viscoelasticity.Fig. 7 is the zero-shear viscosity (η of three individual system0) with the change of concentration.Hydrophobic tail chain is the longest, zero-shear viscosity
Increase with concentration is the rapidest.C-TrisPhC12Na and C-TrisPhC14Na solution occurs maximum on curve, this be due to
In solution, the change of micro structure is caused.