CN105872538A - Time-domain filtering method and time-domain filtering device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a time-domain filtering method and a time-domain filtering device. The time-domain filtering method comprises the steps that filtering parameters of time-domain filtering are updated according to encoding parameters of an encoder; time-domain filtering is conducted on filtering blocks by adopting the updated filtering parameters. According to the time-domain filtering method and the time-domain filtering device, self-adaptive time-domain filtering can be achieved according to the encoding parameters of the encoder, therefore, the filtering efficiency of an existing filtering mode is improved, and the calculation complexity of the encoder is reduced to a certain extent.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of video coding technology, and in particular, to a temporal filtering method and a temporal filtering apparatus.
Background
Video quality is the most important evaluation index in video application popularization, but in the process of video acquisition, noise of different degrees can be introduced for various reasons. These noises may not necessarily be observable by the naked eye. Therefore, the video image generally needs to be filtered and then enters the encoder, and the filtering processes include spatial filtering, temporal filtering and the like.
In recent years, in the new generation of video compression standards, a series of post-processing filtering methods have been developed to improve subjective quality, such as sao (sample adaptive offset) and alf (adaptive filters), and have achieved good effects in practical applications. However, these post-processing methods are directed to noise or offset generated by the encoder, and are not directed to input image noise, nor do they alleviate the stress on the encoder. On the other hand, although there are many spatial-temporal filtering for the input image, they are not related to the encoding process of the encoder, and are not organically combined with the encoding parameters of the encoder.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of time-domain filtering provided in the prior art. Temporal filtering is typically filtering of successive input frame images, and if low delay is considered, backward filtering may not be considered. For example, if the current image is p (t), the previous frame image is p (t-1), and the previous nth frame image is p (t-n). Assuming that the length of temporal filtering is n frames of images, the temporal filtering process is to select corresponding matching blocks from p (t) … p (t-n) images, determine respective filtering weights of p (t) … p (t-n) images according to the contents of the matching blocks in p (t) … p (t-n) images, and perform a superposition operation by using the contents of the matching blocks and the respective weights in p (t) … p (t-n) images, so as to generate a new image p (t) which enters an encoder for encoding, and finally form a compressed image. Therefore, the filtering process and the encoding process in the prior art are independent from each other, which inevitably causes the problems of large filtering operation amount, low filtering efficiency, unreasonable filtering mode and poor filtering effect.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a time-domain filtering method and a time-domain filtering device, which can implement adaptive time-domain filtering according to coding parameters of an encoder, improve filtering efficiency of an existing filtering method, and reduce computation complexity of the encoder to a certain extent.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a time-domain filtering method, including:
updating the filtering parameters of the time-domain filtering according to the coding parameters of the coder; and
and performing time domain filtering on the filtering block by adopting the updated filtering parameters.
Further, updating the filtering parameters of the temporal filtering according to the encoding parameters of the encoder comprises:
determining the size of a filtering block of time-domain filtering according to the coding parameters of the coder; and/or
And modifying the filtering weight of the matched block of the time domain filtering according to the coding parameters of the coder.
Further, the encoding parameters of the encoder include: subdividing unit information when an encoder performs interframe prediction; wherein,
determining a size of a temporally filtered filter block according to encoding parameters of an encoder includes: and determining the size of a filtering block of time domain filtering according to subdivision unit information when an encoder performs interframe prediction.
Further, determining the size of the filtering block of the time domain filtering according to the subdivision unit information when the encoder performs inter prediction includes:
selecting the size of a subdivision unit with more times as the size of a filtering block when an encoder carries out inter-frame prediction; or,
the larger subdivision unit size employed by the encoder for inter prediction is selected as the size of the filter block.
Further, the size of the filtering block of the temporal filtering is not limited by the subdivision unit information when the encoder performs inter prediction.
Further, the encoding parameters of the encoder include: quantizing the parameters; wherein,
modifying the filter weights of the temporally filtered matched blocks according to the coding parameters of the encoder comprises:
correcting the similarity degree of the matching block and the filtering block according to a quantization parameter of an encoder and a matching error between the matching block and the filtering block; and
and determining the filtering weight of the matching block according to the similarity degree of the matching block and the filtering block.
Further, modifying the degree of similarity between the matching block and the filtering block according to the quantization parameter of the encoder and the matching error between the matching block and the filtering block comprises:
when the matching error between the matching block and the filtering block is constant, the larger the quantization parameter of the encoder is, the higher the similarity degree between the matching block and the filtering block is; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
when the quantization parameter of the encoder is constant, the larger the matching error between the matching block and the filtering block is, the lower the degree of similarity between the matching block and the filtering block is.
Further, determining the filtering weight of the matching block according to the similarity degree of the matching block and the filtering block comprises: the higher the similarity degree between the matching block and the filtering block is, the higher the filtering weight of the matching block is, and conversely, the lower the filtering weight of the matching block is.
Further, the method further comprises: fractional pixel interpolation is employed to select the temporally filtered matched blocks.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a time-domain filtering apparatus, including:
the filter parameter determining module is used for updating the filter parameters of the time domain filter according to the coding parameters of the coder; and
and the filtering module is used for carrying out time domain filtering on the filtering block by adopting the updated filtering parameters.
In the time domain filtering method and the time domain filtering device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the filtering process of the time domain filtering and the encoding process of the encoder are carried out according to blocks, so that the filtering parameters of the time domain filtering are updated by using the encoding parameters of the encoder, and then the filtering is carried out by using the updated filtering parameters, so that the organic combination of the filtering parameters and the encoding parameters of the encoder is realized, the self-adaptive time domain filtering can be realized according to the encoding parameters of the encoder, the filtering efficiency of the existing filtering mode is improved, the operation complexity of the encoder is reduced to a certain extent, and the pressure of the encoder in the subsequent encoding process is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a time-domain filtering method provided in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a time-domain filtering method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a time-domain filtering method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, in the temporal filtering method, considering that both the filtering process of the temporal filtering and the encoding process of the encoder are performed on a block basis, the filtering parameters of the temporal filtering are updated according to the encoding parameters of the encoder, and then the filtering block is temporally filtered using the updated filtering parameters.
Specifically, for the frame images that are continuously input, the filter parameters of the initially input frame images may take default values. When the initially input frame image is temporally filtered and enters the encoder, the encoder reads corresponding encoding parameters (e.g., inter-frame prediction subdivision unit size and quantization parameters) for encoding, and the encoding parameters are used to update the filtering parameters of the next frame image filtering process. Because the contents of two adjacent frames of images generally do not have sudden changes, the encoding parameters of the previous frame of image can be completely used for updating the filtering parameters of the next frame of image, and the continuous determination of the filtering process of the continuous input frame of image can be realized by the analogy.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the filter parameters of the temporal filtering that can be determined according to the encoding parameters of the encoder include: the size of the filtering block of the temporal filtering. As mentioned above, since the filtering process of temporal filtering and the encoding process of the encoder are performed in blocks, and the selection of the encoding unit in the encoding parameter of the encoder is generally related to the image content itself (for example, the selection of the encoding unit in the encoding parameter corresponds to the size of the video object with uniform texture in the image), determining the size of the filtering block of temporal filtering by using the encoding parameter of the encoder can improve the quality and efficiency of temporal filtering and reduce the pressure of the subsequent encoding process.
In a further embodiment, the size of the temporally filtered filtering block may be determined according to subdivision unit information when the encoder performs inter prediction. Specifically, the various subdivision units used in the inter prediction performed by the encoder may be counted first, and then the size of the filter block may be determined according to the counted subdivision units according to a certain determination rule. In an embodiment of the present invention, the determining principle may include: when the encoder is selected to perform inter-frame prediction, the size of a subdivision unit with a large number of times is used as the size of a filter block, for example, a block type with the largest occurrence number is selected from a subdivision unit set { block128x128, block 64x64, block 32x32, block16x16 and block 8x8} to be used as the filter block, so that the efficiency of the filtering process is improved. In another embodiment of the present invention, the determination principle may further include: the larger subdivision unit size adopted by the encoder in inter-frame prediction is selected as the size of the filtering block, and the larger the determined filtering block is, the faster the speed of the filtering process is.
It should be understood that, since the subdivision unit information in the inter-frame prediction of the encoder depends on the content of a specific input image, the specific content of the above determination principle may also be combined or adjusted accordingly according to the subdivision unit information in the inter-frame prediction of the encoder. For example, when the subdivision unit size with the largest number of inter prediction is smaller than the default size of the filtering block, the default size of the filtering block should be used as the standard to ensure a certain filtering efficiency. For another example, when there are two types of subdivision unit sizes with the largest number of inter prediction employed, the larger subdivision unit size should be the filter block size. The present invention does not limit the specific content of the determination principle adopted when determining the size of the filtering block according to the subdivision unit information of inter-frame prediction.
It should also be understood that, although in an embodiment of the present invention, the subdivision unit information of the encoder during inter prediction is utilized in determining the size of the filtering block for temporal filtering, it does not mean that the size of the filtering block for temporal filtering is limited to the subdivision unit information during inter prediction, and the size of the filtering block for temporal filtering may exceed the subdivision unit information during inter prediction. For example, although the subdivision unit size with the largest number of times of adoption obtained by counting the subdivision unit information is only 16x16, since the region to which the current filter block belongs may not be the region of interest, in order to ensure the efficiency of the filtering process, the filter block size of the temporal filtering may still be larger than 16x16, for example, 32x32 is adopted.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve the encoding efficiency and flexibility of the high-resolution video image, the maximum coding unit information when the encoder performs inter-frame prediction may be preset in the header information of the encoding structure object, where the size of the subdivision unit when the encoder performs inter-frame prediction is smaller than or equal to the maximum coding unit size, and the header information of the encoding structure object may include: header information of a single frame image or common header information of a plurality of frame images. Because the preset maximum coding unit information corresponds to the coding requirement which corresponds to the image content, the filtering efficiency can be correspondingly improved by determining the size of the filtering block according to the maximum coding unit information, and the burden of subsequent coding is reduced.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the filter parameters of the temporal filtering that can be determined according to the encoding parameters of the encoder include: filter weights for the temporally filtered matched blocks. Specifically, since the filtering weight is affected by the degree of similarity between the matching block and the filtering block, the degree of similarity between the matching block and the filtering block of the temporal filtering may be modified according to the encoding parameters of the encoder, and then the filtering weight of the matching block may be determined according to the degree of similarity. In an embodiment of the present invention, the filter block is temporally filtered by using the matching block only when the similarity degree between the matching block and the filter block meets a preset determination criterion, otherwise, the filter block is kept unchanged.
In a further embodiment, the encoding parameters of the encoder include: the quantization parameter, and the modifying the filtering weight of the temporally filtered matching block according to the coding parameter of the encoder may specifically include: and correcting the similarity degree of the matching block according to the quantization parameter of the encoder and the matching error between the matching block and the filtering block, namely the similarity degree between the matching block and the filtering block is influenced by the quantization parameter and the matching error of the encoder, and then determining the filtering weight of the matching block according to the similarity degree. Specifically, when the matching error between the matching block and the filtering block is constant, the larger the quantization parameter of the encoder is, the higher the similarity degree between the matching block and the filtering block is; when the quantization parameter of the encoder is constant, the larger the matching error between the matching block and the filtering block is, the lower the degree of similarity between the matching block and the filtering block is. Meanwhile, the higher the similarity degree between the matching block and the filtering block is, the higher the filtering weight of the matching block is, and conversely, the lower the filtering weight of the matching block is.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the similarity degree between the matching block and the filtering block can be characterized by a similarity metric parameter. If S represents the similarity metric parameter of the matched block, W represents the filtering weight of the matched block, sizeof (block _ tf) represents the block size of the temporal filtering, qp represents the quantization parameter of the encoder, and dev represents the matching error between the matched block and the filtering block, the filtering weight of the matched block can be represented as:
W＝g(S)，S＝dev/sizeof(block_tf)*f(qp)；
if dev and sizeof (block _ tf) both calculate the size by the number of pixels, dev/sizeof (block _ tf) implements the normalization process. f (qp) represents a determined value generated based on the quantization parameter qp, and the larger the value of qp, the smaller the value of f (qp). g (S) is a filter weight value derived from the value of S.
In the above formula, when the matching error between the matching block and the filtering block is constant, the larger the quantization parameter of the encoder is, the smaller the similarity measurement parameter of the matching block is, and at this time, the higher the similarity degree between the matching block and the filtering block is; when the quantization parameter of the encoder is constant, the larger the matching error between the matching block and the filtering block is, the larger the similarity measurement parameter of the matching block is, and this indicates that the degree of similarity between the matching block and the filtering block is lower. When the value of the similarity measurement parameter S is larger, the worse the similarity between the matching block and the filtering block is, the smaller the filtering weight of the matching block is at the moment; conversely, the greater the filter weight of the matched block.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the f (qp) value can be obtained by looking up a table according to the qp value, as shown in the following table.
| qp | f |
| 1-30 | 1 |
| 31-40 | 0.9 |
| 41-55 | 0.8 |
| 56- | 0.7 |
The values of g (S) can also be obtained from a look-up table of values of S, as follows.
| S | g |
| <＝20 | 3 |
| <＝40 | 2 |
| <＝80 | 1 |
| >80 | 0 |
It should be understood that the specific mapping form of the table for determining the values of f (qp) and g(s) may be set according to the actual filtering requirement, and the specific values of f (qp) and g(s) are only relative values under the same criterion. Because the function corresponding relations under different judgment standards are different, the specific values of f (qp) and g(s) may be different, and the specific mapping form of the table for determining the values of f (qp) and g(s) is not limited in the present invention.
It should be further understood that, in the above formula, the representation manner of the similarity measurement parameter S to the similarity degree between the matching block and the filtering block may also be adjusted according to actual needs, for example, the similarity degree between the matching block and the filtering block may also be represented in a 1/S manner, at this time, the value of 1/S and the weight W may be in a direct proportion relationship, and meanwhile, the influence rule of dev and qp to the value of 1/S may also be changed. The invention does not limit the specific parameter representation form of the similarity degree between the matching block and the filtering block.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in order to enable interpolation points between pixels to be included in the selection range of the filter block, fractional pixel interpolation may be used to select a matching block for temporal filtering, so as to obtain a matching block with better similarity to the filter block.
Therefore, the time-domain filtering method provided by the embodiment of the invention realizes the organic combination of the filtering parameters and the coding parameters of the coder, thereby carrying out more reasonable filtering according to the image content. Firstly, the size of the filtering block can be adapted according to the subdivision unit information when the encoder performs interframe prediction, and if the filtering block is selected to be larger, the operation complexity is smaller, and the filtering speed is higher. And secondly, the method can be combined with quantization parameters of an encoder, so that time domain noise can be removed more effectively, the times and decision errors of motion estimation in the encoding process are reduced to a certain extent, the motion estimation performance is improved, the prediction residual is reduced, and the entropy encoding efficiency is improved. Under the same code rate, the subjective quality of the image can be obviously improved, the filtering efficiency of the existing filtering mode is improved, the operation complexity of the encoder is reduced to a certain extent, and the pressure of the encoder in the subsequent encoding process is reduced.
It should be understood that, although the above-described embodiment description only refers to two kinds of encoding parameters, namely, the quantization parameter and the subdivision unit information in inter prediction, specific contents of the encoding parameters are not limited to the above two kinds. In other embodiments of the present invention, other encoding parameters of the encoder may be used to guide the filtering process, and the present invention is not limited to the kind of available encoding parameters.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a time-domain filtering apparatus, including:
the filter parameter determining module is used for determining the filter parameters of time-domain filtering according to the coding parameters of the coder; and
and the filtering module is used for carrying out time domain filtering on the filtering block by adopting the determined filtering parameters.
The teachings of the present invention can also be implemented as a computer program product of a computer-readable storage medium, comprising computer program code which, when executed by a processor, enables the processor to implement a time-domain filtering method as described herein in accordance with the methods of embodiments of the present invention. The computer storage medium may be any tangible medium, such as a floppy disk, a CD-ROM, a DVD, a hard drive, even a network medium, and the like.
It should be understood that although one implementation form of the embodiments of the present invention described above may be a computer program product, the method or apparatus of the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. The hardware portion may be implemented using dedicated logic; the software portions may be stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system, such as a microprocessor or specially designed hardware. It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the methods and apparatus described above may be implemented using computer executable instructions and/or embodied in processor control code, such code provided, for example, on a carrier medium such as a disk, CD or DVD-ROM, programmable memory such as read only memory (firmware), or a data carrier such as an optical or electronic signal carrier. The methods and apparatus of the present invention may be implemented in hardware circuitry, such as very large scale integrated circuits or gate arrays, semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, or programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable logic devices, or in software for execution by various types of processors, or in a combination of hardware circuitry and software, such as firmware.
It is also to be understood that the description has described only some of the critical, not necessarily essential, techniques and features, and may not have described some of the features that could be implemented by those skilled in the art, in order not to obscure the embodiments of the invention.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of time-domain filtering, comprising:
updating the filtering parameters of the time-domain filtering according to the coding parameters of the coder; and
and performing time domain filtering on the filtering block by adopting the updated filtering parameters.
2. The temporal filtering method of claim 1, wherein updating the filtering parameters of the temporal filtering according to the coding parameters of the encoder comprises:
determining the size of a filtering block of time-domain filtering according to the coding parameters of the coder; and/or
And modifying the filtering weight of the matched block of the time domain filtering according to the coding parameters of the coder.
3. The temporal filtering method according to claim 2, characterized in that the coding parameters of the encoder comprise: subdividing unit information when an encoder performs interframe prediction; wherein,
determining a size of a temporally filtered filter block according to encoding parameters of an encoder includes: and determining the size of a filtering block of time domain filtering according to subdivision unit information when an encoder performs interframe prediction.
4. The temporal filtering method of claim 3, wherein determining the size of the temporally filtered filtering block according to the subdivision unit information when the encoder performs inter prediction comprises:
selecting the size of a subdivision unit with more times as the size of a filtering block when an encoder carries out inter-frame prediction; or,
the larger subdivision unit size employed by the encoder for inter prediction is selected as the size of the filter block.
5. The temporal filtering method according to claim 3, wherein the size of the temporally filtered filtering block is not limited by the subdivision unit information when the encoder performs inter prediction.
6. The temporal filtering method according to claim 2, characterized in that the coding parameters of the encoder comprise: quantizing the parameters; wherein,
modifying the filter weights of the temporally filtered matched blocks according to the coding parameters of the encoder comprises:
correcting the similarity degree of the matching block and the filtering block according to a quantization parameter of an encoder and a matching error between the matching block and the filtering block; and
and determining the filtering weight of the matching block according to the similarity degree of the matching block and the filtering block.
7. The temporal filtering method of claim 6, wherein modifying the degree of similarity between the matched block and the filtered block according to a quantization parameter of an encoder and a match error between the matched block and the filtered block comprises:
when the matching error between the matching block and the filtering block is constant, the larger the quantization parameter of the encoder is, the higher the similarity degree between the matching block and the filtering block is; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
when the quantization parameter of the encoder is constant, the larger the matching error between the matching block and the filtering block is, the lower the degree of similarity between the matching block and the filtering block is.
8. The temporal filtering method according to claim 6, wherein determining the filtering weight of the matching block according to the degree of similarity of the matching block and the filtering block comprises: the higher the similarity degree between the matching block and the filtering block is, the higher the filtering weight of the matching block is, and conversely, the lower the filtering weight of the matching block is.
9. The temporal filtering method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising: fractional pixel interpolation is employed to select the temporally filtered matched blocks.
10. A time-domain filtering apparatus, comprising:
the filter parameter determining module is used for updating the filter parameters of the time domain filter according to the coding parameters of the coder; and
and the filtering module is used for carrying out time domain filtering on the filtering block by adopting the updated filtering parameters.
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| CN113613005A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-05 | 百果园技术(新加坡)有限公司 | Video denoising method and device based on time domain filtering |
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