CN105872044A - Streaming media multi-level cache network acceleration system and method based on WebRTC - Google Patents
Streaming media multi-level cache network acceleration system and method based on WebRTC Download PDFInfo
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- CN105872044A CN105872044A CN201610190708.7A CN201610190708A CN105872044A CN 105872044 A CN105872044 A CN 105872044A CN 201610190708 A CN201610190708 A CN 201610190708A CN 105872044 A CN105872044 A CN 105872044A
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 abstract description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007727 signaling mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/02—Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
- H04L67/1001—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for accessing one among a plurality of replicated servers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
- H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
- H04L67/568—Storing data temporarily at an intermediate stage, e.g. caching
Abstract
The invention discloses a streaming media multi-level cache network acceleration system based on WebRTC. The system comprises a CDN network structure and an intra-group client P2P (Peer to Peer) network group structure. The intra-group client P2P network group structure obtains cache resources from edge cache nodes of the CDN network structure. The intra-group client P2P network group structure comprises a client in support of WebRTC, and a signaling server. The client in support of WebRTC applies a browser cache technique. The system is equipped with a center data source multi-point data cache structure, and the service capability reliability of the system is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to network acceleration field, particularly to the Streaming Media multi-level buffer network acceleration system of a kind of sing on web RTC
And method.
Background technology
P2P (Peer to Peer) technology is incorporated in CDN system, the content server in each edge Autonomous Domain and user
Transmission means use P2P mode.But, P2P network topology controllability is poor, and the circulation of data has randomness, simultaneously
Each client node can add at any time and exit network again, and the stability for system brings many challenges.Work as some of which
The when that in P2P group, the user of network exiting suddenly P2P group, may there will be disconnected by network streaming media resource in P2P group
The situation of layer, affects the downloading process of the streaming media resource of user.Wherein P2P network topology is all based on C/S framework and builds up
, but arrive in streaming media browser B/S framework more frequently, just seem less than is conventional.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the shortcoming overcoming prior art and deficiency, the Streaming Media multi-level buffer net of a kind of sing on web RTC
Network accelerates system and method.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The Streaming Media multi-level buffer network acceleration system of a kind of sing on web RTC, including client in CDN structure and group
P2P group of networks structure, client P2P group of networks structure cache resources from described CDN structure in described group, described group
Interior client P2P network includes client and the signal server supporting WebRTC, and the client of described support WebRTC should
By browser rs cache technology.
Communicate between client and the described signal server of described support WebRTC and realize flow medium buffer literary composition between client
It is all to use WebRTC communication to realize that part passes mutually.
The caching mechanism that described browser rs cache technology uses http protocol to define, in HTTP 1.1, employs
Cache-Control strategy.
Another object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The Streaming Media multi-level buffer network accelerating method of a kind of sing on web RTC, specifically includes following steps:
S1, the advantage serviced by CDN acceleration, build a CDN stream media network structure belonging to the present invention, and
Streaming media resource is distributed in Resource Server and fringe node caching server.
S2, due to native system be on the browser of sing on web RTC run, according to the spy of WebRTC webpage real-time Communication for Power
Property, the point-to-point connection of WebRTC technical support client；So client connects when, introducing signal server.
Make the client in group can realize connecting each other, in group, achieve client P2P network structure.
S3, same fringe node caching server may be accessed owing to multiple clients that geographical position is close are the biggest, it is possible to
Fringe node caching server and these clients are divided into a group.
In S4, client in the common group accessing same fringe node caching server, these clients can not only be from
Edge cache server obtains resource, it is also possible to other clients in group obtain resource, forms the of streaming media resource with this
Three grades of cachings.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantage that and beneficial effect:
1, present invention substantially reduces Centroid data source and the pressure of edge caching nodes data source.The tradition each clothes of CDN
If business node Centroid to be obtained data source data, it is required to directly access data source server, causes data source pressure big,
Consumption bandwidth is many, causes center to can not get ensureing to the data link at edge.And by CDN service node is used P2P side
Formula is organized, can be shared, data cached mutually by P2P mode between node, greatly reduces the pressure in centre data source
Power.
2, centre data source data multi-point backup of the present invention, improves system service capacity reliability.Centering between different service nodes
Calculation is according to multi-point backup, and this strategy makes CDN system entirety redundant ability, the self-recovery ability of service is improved,
Further enhance system stability.
3, the present invention increases service available number of nodes, promotes SM.Shared mutually by P2P mode, delay
Deposit data so that the number of nodes of service can be provided to be greatly increased, makes the service intelligence more flexibly of service node simultaneously.
4, invention increases the extensibility of system, promote efficiency of service.Lower floor's content distribution uses P2P technology to realize,
The expandability making system is greatly improved.Total system has good elasticity, tackles user's access bursts, randomness
Situation, keep good efficiency of service.
5, the present invention improves the manageability of network, it is to avoid flow is unordered.The scope of P2P is strictly limited in certain on one side by system
In the coverage of edge service node, it is to avoid traditional P2P technology cause too much trans-regional, cause backbone network across ISP
The problem that congested, flow is unordered.Enhance manageability and the reliability of service of network.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the Streaming Media multi-level buffer network acceleration system structure chart of sing on web RTC of the present invention；
The structural representation of the JSEP that Fig. 2 is used by system described in Fig. 1；
The STUN that Fig. 3 is used by system described in Fig. 1 builds position view；
Signal server that Fig. 4 is used by system described in Fig. 1 and the P2P network structure that STUN server run-up erects signal
Figure；
The execution process flow diagram flow chart of the browser rs cache that Fig. 5 is used by system described in Fig. 1.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
The present invention provides a kind of method of Streaming Media multi-level buffer technology, and the method is:
1, accelerate the advantage of service by CDN, build a CDN stream media network structure belonging to the present invention, and
Streaming media resource is distributed in Resource Server and fringe node caching server.
2, due to native system be on the browser of sing on web RTC run, according to the spy of WebRTC webpage real-time Communication for Power
Property, the point-to-point connection of WebRTC technical support client.So client connects when, introducing signal server.
Make the client in group can realize connecting each other, in group, achieve client P2P network structure.
3, due to multiple clients same fringe node caching server of the biggest possible access that geographical position is close, can be limit
Edge nodal cache server and these clients are divided into a group.
4, in the client in the common group accessing same fringe node caching server, these clients are possible not only to from limit
Edge caching server obtains resource, it is also possible to other clients in group obtain resource, form the 3rd of streaming media resource with this
Level caching.
The present invention provides the system of a kind of Streaming Media multi-level buffer technology, as it is shown in figure 1, this system is mainly by CDN structure
With client P2P group of networks structure composition in group.
Wherein dashed box part is newly added server signal server.Its effect is that client is by accessing signalling service
Device, issues and exchanges the link information of oneself, and other clients can be established a connection by signal server, it is achieved client
Interconnection between end thus set up a P2P network.After introducing signal server, client is possible not only to slave site server
Directly obtain resource, it is also possible to from other clients of interconnection, obtain resource, at server in station Bandwidth-Constrained, or process
The situation that ability declines, still can access website service normally.
By introducing the contrast accelerated before and after servicing, it is known that network acceleration service is made up of following several parts:
(1) client of WebRTC is supported
Here network acceleration service is that sing on web RTC builds, and needs the client participated in support WebRTC.Use
The network communication part of WebRTC, can quickly make each client constitute P2P network.Either PC end or mobile terminal,
Firefox and Chrome browser both provides the major part support of WebRTC, so major part client need not any peace
Dress just can use WebRTC.
(2) signal server
Using WebRTC to build the P2P network of client, client is accomplished by exchanging respective information and just can link together,
At this time it is accomplished by signalling service (Signaling).Signaling is the process of a cooperation and communication, in order to allow composition meeting between client
Words, client needs to exchange following signaling information: initiate and close a call control information；Error message；Metadata information；
Guarantee the key of communication security；Network data (if main frame is at the IP address of outer net and port).The signaling of client processes to be needed
A kind of method transmitting information back and forth, this mechanism is not defined by WebRTC, needs oneself to create it.The structure of JSEP is such as
Shown in Fig. 2:
The structure of JSEP avoids and allows browser preserve status information, if allowing browser preserve signaling status, every time when page weight
During load, signaling will disappear.Preferably solution is to preserve signaling status with server, i.e. uses signal server.WebRTC
Signal server only spend internal memories and process more, it is only necessary to forwarding information and keep little session state data, so very
It is responsible for the process of signaling to a process can be opened at current server.But signaling mechanism is possible not only to for exchange session
Metadata, can be provided for transmitting application data, be substantially an information service, so here using it as one individually
Server.
(3) STUN/TURN server
After Signalling exchange completes, client will attempt directly going to connect other clients.In simple network world, each
Individual WebRTC client has a unique address, so can directly communicate, but under practical situation, most of equipment
All after one or more NAT layers, use agency or fire wall.In order to overcome the complex network environment of real world, just
Need use STUN server to obtain outside network address, or use TURN server, it is on STUN server
Add relay function.STUN builds position as shown in Figure 3:
STUN service rack is located at outer net, obtains IP and the port operating in NAT client below, is then back to address.STUN
Effect find outer net IP and the port of client, the execution process of the i.e. signalling service of execution step afterwards exactly.Therefore,
STUN server need not to store too many content also without doing too many work, and simple STUN server just can be answered
Pay substantial amounts of request.After simple STUN is invalid, it will turn to use TURN.During the effect of TURN server is
Continue data, and it is responsible at go-and-retum transfer audio frequency and video, data stream etc., but whether sends data.TURN has public address,
The most each client can have access to (regardless of whether employing agency or fire wall).TURN task is simple, but number
Massive band width can be spent, so TURN needs the strongst according to transfer.
Time commonly used, it is possible to use the STUN server that Google provides, but if as a actual product applied,
Need oneself to build STUN server and reduce the risk using third party's service.
Just can quickly be set up P2P network by WebRTC client, signal server and STUN server, reach network
Accelerate effect, complete figure as shown in Figure 4:
2) the key problem in technology point of the invention
Wherein each and every one key point of the three of these three grades of buffer structures is, signal server, client and browser rs cache technology.
(1) client of WebRTC is supported
Here network acceleration service is that sing on web RTC builds, and needs the client participated in support WebRTC.Use
WebRTC webpage Real-time Communication Technology, so that mutually transmit streaming media resource between client.Either PC end is still
Mobile terminal, Firefox and Chrome browser both provides the major part support of WebRTC, so major part client is not required to
Want any installation just can use WebRTC.
(2) signal server
Use WebRTC to build client, to set up connection each other between client and be accomplished by exchanging respective information ability
Form P2P group of networks, be at this time accomplished by signalling service (Signaling).Signaling is the process of a cooperation and communication, in order to allow
Constituting session between client, client needs to exchange following signaling information: initiate and close a call control information；Mistake
Information；Metadata information；Guarantee the key of communication security；Network data (if main frame is at the IP address of outer net and port).Visitor
The signaling of family end processes needs a kind of method transmitting information back and forth, and this mechanism is not defined by WebRTC, needs oneself to create
Build it.
Communicating between these client with signal servers and realize flow medium buffer file between client passing mutually is all to use
WebRTC communication realizes.WebRTC provides three API being available for calling at application, is MediaStream respectively,
The photographic head and the microphone that are used for the equipment that accesses obtain video, the synchronization stream of audio frequency；RTCPeerConnection, it is a little right to be used for building
The streaming of stability and high efficiency between point；RTCDataChannel, sets up the channel that low delay, a height are handled up between point-to-point,
Can be used to transmit any type of data.
(3) browser rs cache technology
After client communication technical perfection, client-cache i.e. browser rs cache technology becomes critically important.Browser all provides
Caching, the picture of the website that cache access is crossed, text, script file, it might even be possible to the video of caching page player program request
File.The caching mechanism of browser uses the caching mechanism that http protocol defines.In HTTP 1.1, employ
Cache-Control strategy.Principle is the effect duration by indicating cache resources, and controlling browser is again to send to server
Acquisition request data still read data from browser rs cache.Cache-Conctrol has multiple setting options, http header
The selectable value of middle Cache-Control is as shown in form:
Table 1
Field Last-Modified/If-Modified-Since, Etag/If-None-Match is also required to coordinate Cache-Control to use, closes
In the explanation of these four fields, as shown in form:
Table 2
Etag is the resource unique identifier in service end, server automatically generate, and can control cache contents more accurately.As
Fruit uses Last-Modified and Etag, server meeting verification priority Etag simultaneously, when Etag is consistent, just can contrast
Last-Modified。
The execution process flow diagram flow chart of browser rs cache is as shown in Figure 5.After these browser rs cache files in stream media, it browses
Carry out file between device passing the agreement of use mutually is HLS (HTTP Live Streaming), and HLS is proposed by Apple
Streaming transfer protocol based on HTTP.Its operation principle is that whole stream is split into the least file, this literary composition
Part is downloaded by HTTP mode, is not the most to download whole bursts, but downloads a part.When putting when spreading, client
End can select to download same resource from multiple different sources with different speed, and flow media session is adapted to different data
Speed.Before relieving of spreading is begun, client can first download extended M3U playlist file (m3u8 index file),
File comprises metadata, for finding Media Stream available in network.Owing to HLS simply requests HTTP message, so being easy to
CDN is used to transmit distribution flow media, and different from RTP, and HLS can pass any permission HTTP number
According to the fire wall passed through or proxy server.
Under this CDN structure, by increasing edge cache server and the DNS of interior liabilities scheduling, reasonably allow
User asks closest caching server, so effectively reduce central station access pressure.Even if certain
Node meets with access delay or is hacked, it is also possible to by redundant node, quickly respond the request of user.Body due to CDN
Architecture, it have local acceleration, remotely acceleration, bandwidth optimization, service end mirror image and attack resistance feature.Wherein resist and attack
The feature hit is because this big cluster of CDN, widely distributed and have Intelligent redundant mechanism, can effectively prevent black
Visitor's invasion and the impact on service access of the various ddos attack, it is ensured that data safety, it is provided that more excellent service quality.
Share client P2P group of networks structure in the group of same edge node server.In this network structure newly added
Server signal server.Its effect is that client is believed by access signal server, the connection issuing and exchanging oneself
Breath, other clients can be established a connection by signal server, it is achieved the interconnection between client.And introducing signaling
After server, the client in group can realize connecting each other, achieves P2P network in group.Client in group
It is possible not only to obtain resource from edge cache server, it is also possible to other clients in group obtain resource, by utilization group
Client P2P network acceleration technology and CDN structure fusion, form the third level cache policy of client streaming media resource,
Client accesses site resource with multilamellar cache node nearby, it is achieved stream media network accelerates service.The P2P of client in group
In network, owing to can pass resource between client mutually, when multiple client upload resource, client downloads almost can reach
Do not limited by server end bandwidth to the maximal rate of own bandwidth.And in the P2P network structure in this group, visitor
Family end can obtain the link information of other client by accessing signal server with this, thus reasonably selects nearest client
It is attached.Thus can reduce the access pressure to edge node server.
WebRTC builds the P2P network implementations of client:
(1) client of WebRTC is supported
Here network acceleration service is that sing on web RTC builds, and needs the client participated in support WebRTC.Use
WebRTC webpage Real-time Communication Technology, so that mutually transmit streaming media resource between client.Either PC end is still
Mobile terminal, Firefox and Chrome browser both provides the major part support of WebRTC, so major part client is not required to
Want any installation just can use WebRTC.
(2) signal server
Use WebRTC to build client, to set up connection each other between client and be accomplished by exchanging respective information ability
Form P2P group of networks, be at this time accomplished by signalling service (Signaling).Signaling is the process of a cooperation and communication, in order to allow
Constituting session between client, client needs to exchange following signaling information: initiate and close a call control information；Mistake
Information；Metadata information；Guarantee the key of communication security；Network data (if main frame is at the IP address of outer net and port).Visitor
The signaling of family end processes needs a kind of method transmitting information back and forth, and this mechanism is not defined by WebRTC, needs oneself to create
Build it.The structure of JSEP is as shown in Figure 2: the structure of JSEP avoids and allows browser preserve status information, if allowing browser
Preserving signaling status, every time when page heavy duty, signaling will disappear.Preferably solution is to preserve signaling shape with server
State, i.e. uses signal server.The signal server of WebRTC only more spends internal memories and process, it is only necessary to forwarding information and
Keep little session state data, so even a process can be opened at current server be responsible for the process of signaling.But
It is that signaling mechanism is possible not only to the metadata for exchange session, can be provided for transmitting application data, be substantially information clothes
Business, so here using it as a single server.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention being not restricted to the described embodiments,
The change made under other any spirit without departing from the present invention and principle, modify, substitute, combine, simplify, all should
For equivalence substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the Streaming Media multi-level buffer network acceleration system of sing on web RTC, it is characterised in that include CDN structure and group
Interior client P2P group of networks structure, in described group, client P2P group of networks structure caches money from described CDN structure
Source, in described group, client P2P network includes client and signal server, the described support WebRTC supporting WebRTC
Client application browser rs cache technology.
The Streaming Media multi-level buffer network acceleration system of sing on web RTC the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Communicate between client and the described signal server of described support WebRTC and to realize flow medium buffer file between client mutual
Pass is all to use WebRTC communication to realize.
The Streaming Media multi-level buffer network acceleration system of sing on web RTC the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The caching mechanism that described browser rs cache technology uses http protocol to define, in HTTP 1.1, employs
Cache-Control strategy.
4. the network acceleration side of Streaming Media multi-level buffer network acceleration system based on the sing on web RTC described in claim 1-3
Method, it is characterised in that specifically include following steps:
S1, the advantage serviced by CDN acceleration, build a CDN stream media network structure belonging to the present invention, and
Streaming media resource is distributed in Resource Server and fringe node caching server.
S2, due to native system be on the browser of sing on web RTC run, according to the spy of WebRTC webpage real-time Communication for Power
Property, the point-to-point connection of WebRTC technical support client；So client connects when, introducing signal server.
Make the client in group can realize connecting each other, in group, achieve client P2P network structure.
S3, same fringe node caching server may be accessed owing to multiple clients that geographical position is close are the biggest, it is possible to
Fringe node caching server and these clients are divided into a group.
In S4, client in the common group accessing same fringe node caching server, these clients can not only be from edge cache service
Device obtains resource, it is also possible to other clients in group obtain resource, forms the third level caching of streaming media resource with this.
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