CN105866580A - Electric appliance type determining apparatus - Google Patents
Electric appliance type determining apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN105866580A CN105866580A CN201610212995.7A CN201610212995A CN105866580A CN 105866580 A CN105866580 A CN 105866580A CN 201610212995 A CN201610212995 A CN 201610212995A CN 105866580 A CN105866580 A CN 105866580A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F18/00—Pattern recognition
- G06F18/20—Analysing
- G06F18/24—Classification techniques
- G06F18/241—Classification techniques relating to the classification model, e.g. parametric or non-parametric approaches
- G06F18/2415—Classification techniques relating to the classification model, e.g. parametric or non-parametric approaches based on parametric or probabilistic models, e.g. based on likelihood ratio or false acceptance rate versus a false rejection rate
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F18/00—Pattern recognition
- G06F18/20—Analysing
- G06F18/24—Classification techniques
- G06F18/241—Classification techniques relating to the classification model, e.g. parametric or non-parametric approaches
- G06F18/2415—Classification techniques relating to the classification model, e.g. parametric or non-parametric approaches based on parametric or probabilistic models, e.g. based on likelihood ratio or false acceptance rate versus a false rejection rate
- G06F18/24155—Bayesian classification
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electric appliance type determining apparatus. The apparatus comprises an information acquisition module, an information processing module and a communication module. The apparatus simultaneously employs a starting current feature of an electric appliance, a fundamental wave voltage current phase difference of the electric appliance and a load current frequency spectrum feature as identification features of electric appliance types, and thus feature information is abundant; a combined classifier including a decision tree classifier and a Bayes classifier is employed for identification classification, features of the decision-tree classifier and the Bayes classifier are taken into consideration for integrated identification, and the identification accuracy is high; and a provided method for obtaining the fundamental wave voltage current phase difference, the starting current feature and the load current frequency spectrum feature is simple and reliable. The electric appliance type determining apparatus can be applied to some collective public places needing electric appliance management such as student dormitories, large-size markets and the like, and can also be applied to other occasions needing electrical equipment management including electric appliance type identification and statistics.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of equipment identification and sorter, especially relate to a kind of appliance type judgment means.
Background technology
At present, the electric appliance load property identification method of main flow includes electric appliance load based on bearing power coefficient of colligation algorithm
Recognition methods, electric appliance load recognition methods based on electromagnetic induction, electric appliance load recognition methods based on neural network algorithm, base
Electric appliance load recognition methods etc. in cyclic dispersion mapping algorithm.Various methods can be all to a certain degree to realize electrical equipment to bear
Carrying the identification of character, but owing to characteristic properties is single, means of identification is single, generally there is generalization ability not and can not standard completely
The problem really identified.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to, for the defect of present prior art, it is provided that a kind of electricity being capable of efficient identification
Device kind judging device.Described appliance type judgment means includes information acquisition module, message processing module, communication module.
Described information acquisition module is for gathering the load current of electrical equipment and being converted into current digital signal;Described electric current number
Word signal is sent to message processing module;Described message processing module, according to the current digital signal of input, uses assembled classification
Device carries out appliance type identification, judgement;Described communication module is for sending the appliance type recognition result of message processing module extremely
Host computer.
The input feature vector of described assembled classifier includes the load current spectrum signature of the starting current feature of electrical equipment, electrical equipment
Fundamental voltage current and phase difference with electrical equipment;Described assembled classifier includes decision tree classifier and Bayes classifier;Described
Starting current feature includes starting current rush, starting average current, starting current momentum.
Described information acquisition module includes current sensor, preamplifier, wave filter, A/D converter;At described information
The core of reason module is DSP, or is ARM, or is single-chip microcomputer, or is FPGA.
Described A/D converter can use the A/D converter that the core of message processing module includes.
Described information acquisition module, message processing module, all or part of function of communication module are integrated in a piece of SoC
On.
Described communication module also receives the related work instruction of host computer;Communication between described communication module and host computer
Mode includes communication and wire communication mode;Described communication include ZigBee, bluetooth, WiFi,
433MHz number passes mode;Described wire communication mode includes 485 buses, CAN, the Internet, power carrier mode.
Described load current spectrum signature is prepared by the following:
Step one, the steady state current signals of acquisition electric appliance load, and it is converted into the steady-state current digital signal of correspondence;
Step 2, steady-state current digital signal is carried out Fourier transform, obtain load current spectral characteristic;
Step 3, using odd harmonic signal relative magnitude that overtone order in load current spectral characteristic is n time as negative
Load current spectrum feature, n=1,3 ..., M;Described M represents that harmonic wave high reps and M are more than or equal to 3.
In described assembled classifier, decision tree classifier is Main classification device, and Bayes classifier is subsidiary classification device.
Described assembled classifier carries out appliance type knowledge method for distinguishing: when Main classification device successfully realizes appliance type identification
Time, the recognition result that appliance type recognition result is assembled classifier of Main classification device;When Main classification device fails to realize electric type
Type identification, and the recognition result of Main classification device is 2 kinds or two or more appliance type, 2 kinds or 2 exported by Main classification device
Planting in above appliance type recognition result, the appliance type that in the output of subsidiary classification device, probability is the highest is as the electricity of assembled classifier
Device type identification result;When Main classification device fails to realize failing to be given in appliance type identification, and the recognition result of Main classification device
During the appliance type identified, the appliance type that in being exported by subsidiary classification device, probability is the highest is as the appliance type of assembled classifier
Recognition result.
Described starting current feature is prepared by the following by message processing module:
Before step 1, appliance starting, start the load current continuous sampling to electrical equipment and load current size is sentenced
Disconnected;When load current virtual value is more than ε, it is determined that electrical equipment starts start and turn to step 2;Described ε is the numerical value more than 0;
Step 2, load current to electrical equipment carry out continuous sampling, with power frequency period for unit computational load current effective value
And preserve;Calculate the meansigma methods of the load current virtual value of nearest N number of power frequency period;Every within nearest N number of power frequency period
The load current virtual value of individual power frequency period, compared with the meansigma methods of the load current virtual value of this N number of power frequency period, fluctuates
When amplitude is respectively less than the relative error range E set, it is determined that electric appliance load enters steady statue, turns to step 3;Described N takes
Value scope is 50-500;The span of described E is 2%-20%;
Step 3, using the meansigma methods of the load current virtual value within nearest N number of power frequency period as electric appliance load stable state electricity
Stream;Electrical equipment is started Startup time to the time between nearest N number of power frequency period initial time as the start-up course time;Calculate
Electrical equipment start to start after the meansigma methods of electric appliance load current effective value within L power frequency period and electric appliance load steady-state current it
Between ratio, using this ratio as the startup current rush of electrical equipment;Calculate the electric appliance load within the start-up course time of electrical equipment
Ratio between meansigma methods and the electric appliance load steady-state current of current effective value, this ratio is the most electric as the startup of electrical equipment
Stream;Calculate electrical equipment starts average current and the product between the start-up course time, using this product as the starting current of electrical equipment
Momentum;The span of described L is 1-5.
The input feature vector of described assembled classifier also includes electric appliance load steady-state current.
The fundamental voltage current and phase difference of described electrical equipment is prepared by the following:
Step 1., enter after steady statue until electric appliance load, synchronizes to obtain the steady state voltage signal of electric appliance load, stable state electricity
Stream signal, and it is converted into corresponding steady state voltage digital signal, steady-state current digital signal;
Step 2., steady state voltage digital signal, steady-state current digital signal are carried out digital filtering respectively, extracts first-harmonic
Voltage signal, fundamental current signal;
Step phase contrast 3., between analytical calculation fundamental voltage signal and fundamental current signal, by fundamental voltage signal
And the phase contrast between fundamental current signal is as the fundamental voltage current and phase difference of electrical equipment.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: use the load current spectrum signature of the starting current feature of electrical equipment, electrical equipment simultaneously
And the fundamental voltage current and phase difference of electrical equipment enriches as the identification feature of described device, characteristic information;Employing includes decision-making
The assembled classifier of Tree Classifier and Bayes classifier is identified classification, takes into account decision tree classifier and Bayes classifier
Feature comprehensively identify, generalization ability and recognition accuracy are high;There is provided includes the average electricity of startup current rush, startup
Stream, starting current momentum at interior starting current characteristic-acquisition method, and load current spectrum signature acquisition methods is simple, can
Lean on.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the start-up course current waveform of electric filament lamp desk lamp;
Fig. 3 is the start-up course current waveform of the resistive loads such as resistance furnace;
Fig. 4 is the start-up course current waveform of monophase machine class load;
Fig. 5 is computer and the start-up course current waveform of Switching Power Supply class load;
Fig. 6 is that electrical appliance type judges recognition methods flow chart.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention, including information acquisition module 101, message processing module 102, leads to
Letter module 103.
Information acquisition module 102 is for gathering the load voltage of electrical equipment, load current and load voltage, load current being turned
Changing voltage digital signal, current digital signal into, voltage digital signal, current digital signal are sent to message processing module 102.
Information acquisition module includes the composition portions such as voltage sensor, current sensor, preamplifier, wave filter, A/D converter
Point, it is respectively completed the sensing of load current signal, amplifies, filter and analog-digital conversion function.When load voltage, load current range
Time bigger, the preamplifier with programmable function can be selected, or before A/D converter, be further added by an independent journey
Control amplifier, carries out Discrete control to the load current that scope is bigger and amplifies, make input to the voltage signal range of A/D converter
It is maintained at rational interval, it is ensured that conversion accuracy.Wave filter is used for filtering high fdrequency component, it is to avoid spectral aliasing.
Message processing module 102, according to the voltage digital signal inputted, current digital signal, uses and includes decision tree classification
The assembled classifier of device and Bayes classifier realizes appliance type identification, realizes appliance type in other words and judges.Assembled classification
The input feature vector of device includes the fundamental voltage electricity of the starting current feature of electrical equipment and the load current spectrum signature of electrical equipment and electrical equipment
Stream phase contrast.The core of message processing module 102 is DSP, ARM, single-chip microcomputer, or is FPGA.Core when message processing module
Including in the heart A/D converter and this A/D converter and meet when requiring, the A/D converter in information acquisition module 101 can be adopted
The A/D converter included by the core of message processing module 102.
Recognition result, for realizing the communication between host computer, is sent to host computer by communication module 103.Communication module
Communication mode between 102 and host computer includes communication and wire communication mode, the side wireless communication that can use
Formula includes the modes such as ZigBee, bluetooth, WiFi, 433MHz number biography, can include 485 buses, CAN in the wire communication mode used
The modes such as bus, the Internet, power carrier.Communication module 103 can also receive the related work instruction of host computer, completes to specify
Task.Host computer can be the server of administration section, it is also possible to be various work stations, or various mobile whole
End.
Information acquisition module 101, message processing module 102, communication module 103 all or part of function can be integrated
On a piece of SoC, reduce device volume, convenient installation.
Different electric equipments has different starting current features.It is illustrated in figure 2 the start-up course of electric filament lamp desk lamp
Current waveform.Electric filament lamp is by filament electrified regulation to incandescent state, utilizes heat radiation to send the electric light source of visible ray.Electric filament lamp
Filament generally with resistant to elevated temperatures tungsten manufacture, but the resistance of tungsten varies with temperature greatly, with RtRepresent that tungsten filament is when t DEG C
Resistance, with R0Represent the tungsten filament resistance when 0 DEG C, then both have following relation
Rt=R0(1+0.0045t)
Such as, if the temperature that the filament of electric filament lamp (tungsten filament) is when normal work is 2000 DEG C, one " 220V 100W's "
The filament of the electric filament lamp resistance when 2000 DEG C of normal work is
Its resistance of 0 DEG C when no power is
Its resistance of 20 DEG C when no power is
R20=R0(1+0.0045t)=52.8 Ω
I.e. electric filament lamp exceedes 9 times of its rated current at the immediate current starting energising, and maximum starting current occurs to exist
Startup time.Along with the rising of electric filament lamp tungsten filament temperature, the load current of electric filament lamp exponentially reduces, subsequently into surely
Determine state.
If electric appliance load steady-state current is IW, and definition electric appliance load current effective value entrance electric appliance load steady-state current
Within one relative error range set and stably within this relative error range, then electric appliance load enters and stablizes shape
State.Relative error range can be set as 10%, it is also possible to is set as between the 2%-20% such as 2%, 5%, 15%, 20%
Value.In Fig. 2, the relative error range set is as 10%, when the load current of electric filament lamp is exponentially reduced to its IW's
During 10% range of error, such as the moment T in Fig. 2S, start-up course terminates.The start-up course time of electric filament lamp is TS。IWFor effectively
Value.
Select to start current rush IG, start average current ID, starting current momentum QIStarting current as electrical equipment is special
Levy;Start current rush IG, start average current IDIt is per unit value.It is specifically defined and is: start current rush IGFor appliance starting
T after beginning2Electric appliance load current average within time and electric appliance load steady-state current IWRatio;Start average current ID
For appliance starting time TSWithin electric appliance load current average and electric appliance load steady-state current IWRatio;Starting current rushes
Amount QIFor starting average current IDWith start-up course time TSProduct, dimension is ms.Electric appliance load electric current, electric appliance load stable state
Electric current is virtual value.T2Span be 20-100ms, or 1-5 power frequency period;Such as, T2Value 40ms, i.e. 2
Individual power frequency period.Start current rush IGReflection is the electric current impulse size in the short time after electric appliance load starts.In part
In the start-up course of electrical equipment, as the actual start-up course time T having electrical equipmentSLess than the T set2Time, when making the start-up course of electrical equipment
Between TSEqual to T2.Start average current IDReflection is the electric current entirety size in electric appliance load start-up course.Starting current momentum
QIReflect is the bulk strength of electric appliance load startup.
In Fig. 2, the startup current rush I of electric filament lampGFor T0(electric filament lamp Startup time, electric current is I0) to T2(setting time
Carving, electric current is I2The current average of electric filament lamp and the steady-state current I of electric filament lamp between)WRatio.Start average current IDFor
T0(electric filament lamp Startup time) is to TSThe current average of electric filament lamp and electric filament lamp between (electric filament lamp start-up course end time)
Steady-state current IWRatio.Starting current momentum QIAverage current I is started for electric filament lampDWith start-up course time TSProduct.
It is illustrated in figure 3 the start-up course current waveform of the resistive loads such as resistance furnace.The resistive loads such as resistance furnace are led to
Frequently with the lectrothermal alloy wire such as nickel chromium triangle, ferrum-chromium-aluminum, its common feature is that resistance temperature correction factor is little, and resistance value is stable.With board
As a example by number being the nichrome wire of Cr20Ni80, its resistance correction factor when 1000 DEG C is 1.014, relative when i.e. 1000 DEG C
In 20 DEG C time, the trade mark is that the nichrome wire resistance of Cr20Ni80 only increases by 1.4%.The resistive loads such as resistance furnace open in energising
Steady statue is entered, the actual start-up course time T of the resistive load such as resistance furnace time dynamicS=0, therefore, make resistance furnace etc.
The actual start-up course time T of resistive loadS=T2;Such as, T is worked as2When being set as 40ms, the start-up course time the most now
TSAlso it is 40ms.Due to resistive load T0Moment electric current I0、T2Moment electric current I2Steady-state current I with resistive loadWIt is equal,
Therefore, the startup current rush I of resistive loadG=1, start average current ID=1.
It is illustrated in figure 4 the start-up course current waveform of monophase machine class load.The load of monophase machine class had both had inductance
Property load characteristic, has again counter electromotive force load characteristic.Startup time, due to the effect of inductance, the starting current of Startup time
I0It is 0;Rise rapidly with after current, before counter electromotive force of motor does not sets up, reach current peak IM;Hereafter, motor speed increases
Adding, motor load electric current progressively reduces, until entering steady statue.In Fig. 4, the startup current rush I of monophase machine class loadG
For T0(monophase machine class load Startup time, electric current is I0) to T2(in the moment of setting, electric current is I2Between), monophase machine class is born
The current average carried and steady-state current IWRatio.Start average current IDFor T0(monophase machine class load Startup time) extremely
TSThe current average of monophase machine class load and steady-state current I between (monophase machine class load start-up course end time)W's
Ratio.Starting current momentum QIAverage current I is started for the load of monophase machine classDWith start-up course time TSProduct.
It is illustrated in figure 5 computer and the start-up course current waveform of Switching Power Supply class load.Computer and Switching Power Supply
Class load, because the impact on electric capacity charging, can produce a surge current the biggest in startup moment, and its peak value can reach surely
State current effective value IWSeveral times to tens times, the time is 1 to 2 power frequency period.Owing to computer and Switching Power Supply class load
The startup time short, its start-up course time TSLikely to be less than the T set2;As its start-up course time TSLess than the T set2
Time, make TSEqual to T2.In Fig. 5, computer and the startup current rush I of Switching Power Supply class loadGFor T0(computer and switch electricity
Source class load Startup time, electric current is I0) to T2(in the moment of setting, electric current is I2Computer and the load of Switching Power Supply class between)
Current average and steady-state current IWRatio.Start average current IDFor T0(when computer and the load of Switching Power Supply class start
Carve) to TSComputer and the electricity of Switching Power Supply class load between (computer and Switching Power Supply class load start-up course end time)
Levelling average and steady-state current IWRatio.Starting current momentum QILoad for computer and Switching Power Supply class and start average current
IDWith start-up course time TSProduct.
The method of the starting current feature obtaining electrical equipment is:
Before appliance starting, when load current value is 0 (being not keyed up) or the least (being in holding state), message processing module
102 i.e. start load current is carried out continuous sampling;The load current value virtual value obtained when sampling starts more than 0 or opens
When beginning more than the standby current of electrical equipment, i.e. judging that electrical equipment has been started up, recording this moment is T0.With a less non-negative threshold
Value ε distinguishes the load current value before and after appliance starting, and when special hour of ε value, such as, during ε value 1mA, described judgement fills
Putting and do not consider ideal case, i.e. thinking standby is also the starting state of electrical equipment;When ε value is less but it is more than the standby current of electrical equipment
Time, such as, during ε value 20mA, the holding state of electrical equipment can be considered inactive state by described judgment means, but also can simultaneously
The least electrical equipment of Partial Power cause and Lou identify.
Message processing module 102 carries out continuous sampling to load current, and with power frequency period for unit computational load electric current
Virtual value also preserves;When electrical equipment has been started up, and after continuous sampling reaches N number of power frequency period, while sampling, Continuous plus is
Meansigma methods I of the load current virtual value of nearly N number of power frequency periodV;Within message processing module 102 is to nearest N number of power frequency period
The load current virtual value of each power frequency period compares with the meansigma methods of the load current virtual value of this N number of power frequency period,
When error (or fluctuation) amplitude is respectively less than the relative error range E set, it is determined that electric appliance load enters steady statue, this nearest N
The initial time of individual power frequency period is the finish time of start-up course, and recording this moment is T1(as Figure 2-Figure 5).
Using the meansigma methods of the load current virtual value within nearest N number of power frequency period as electric appliance load steady-state current IW;
Electrical equipment is started Startup time T0To nearest N number of power frequency period initial time T1Between time as start-up course time TS.Meter
Calculate T0To the T set2Between the load current meansigma methods of (after i.e. electrical equipment starts to start within 1-5 power frequency period) electric with stable state
Stream IWRatio, using this ratio as the startup current rush I of electrical equipmentG.Calculate T0To TSBetween load current meansigma methods with steady
State electric current IWRatio, using this ratio as the startup average current I of electrical equipmentD.Calculate the startup average current I of electrical equipmentDWith startup
Process time TSProduct, using this product as the starting current momentum Q of electrical equipmentI。
Owing to not knowing electric appliance load steady-state current I in advanceW, therefore, by N number of power frequency period, i.e. one section duration TPIt
Interior fluctuation range is electric as electric appliance load stable state less than the meansigma methods of the load current virtual value during relative error range E set
Stream IW.Owing to the start-up course of ordinary appliances load is very fast, so, TPSpan be 1-10s, typical value is 2s, accordingly
The typical value that span is 50-500, N of power frequency period quantity N be 100.The value model of described relative error range E
Enclosing the typical value for 2%-20%, E is 10%.
The input feature vector of assembled classifier also includes the load current spectrum signature of electrical equipment.The load current frequency spectrum of electrical equipment is special
Levy and controlled information acquisition module 101 by message processing module 102, obtained by following steps:
Step one, enter after steady statue until electric appliance load, obtain the steady state current signals of electric appliance load, and be converted
For corresponding steady-state current digital signal.
Step 2, steady-state current digital signal is carried out Fourier transform, obtain load current spectral characteristic.For ensureing Fu
Being smoothed out of vertical leaf transformation, at the steady state current signals of aforementioned acquisition electric appliance load, and is converted into the stable state electricity of correspondence
During streaming digital signal, the accuracy and speed of A/D converter needs to meet the requirement of Fourier transform, and sample frequency is permissible
It is set as 10kHz, or other numerical value;Message processing module 102 carries out FFT fortune to the steady-state current digital signal collected
Calculate, calculate its frequency spectrum.
Step 3, using the nth harmonic signal relative magnitude in load current spectral characteristic as load current spectrum signature,
Wherein, n=1,2 ..., M;When forming the input feature value of assembled classifier, nth harmonic signal relative magnitude is input spy
Levy according to 1 in vector, 2 ..., the order of M is arranged in order.Owing to load current spectral characteristic is mainly made up of odd harmonic, remove
Outside minority electric equipment, even-order harmonic component is almost 0, accordingly it is also possible to be n by overtone order in load current spectral characteristic
Secondary odd harmonic signal relative magnitude sequentially as load current spectrum signature, wherein, n=1,3 ..., M.During n=1 1 time
Harmonic wave is fundamental frequency.Described harmonic signal relative magnitude is harmonic signal amplitude and electric appliance load steady-state current IWRatio.
Described M represents harmonic wave high reps, and generally, M is more than or equal to 3.
The input feature vector of assembled classifier also includes the fundamental voltage current and phase difference of electrical equipment.Fundamental voltage current and phase difference
Resistive, capacitive character, inductive load can be made a distinction, it is also possible to general inductive load and big inductive load
Make a distinction.The fundamental voltage current and phase difference of electrical equipment is controlled information acquisition module 101 by message processing module 102, by with
Lower step obtains:
Step 1., enter after steady statue until electric appliance load, synchronizes to obtain the steady state voltage signal of electric appliance load, stable state electricity
Stream signal, and it is converted into the steady state voltage digital signal of correspondence, steady-state current digital signal.
Step 2., steady state voltage digital signal, steady-state current digital signal are carried out digital filtering respectively, extracts first-harmonic
Voltage signal, fundamental current signal.
Step phase contrast 3., between analytical calculation fundamental voltage signal and fundamental current signal, by fundamental voltage signal
And the phase contrast between fundamental current signal is as the fundamental voltage current and phase difference of electrical equipment.
Step 2. in steady state voltage digital signal, steady-state current digital signal are carried out digital filtering respectively, its numeral filter
Ripple algorithm can select the digital filter algorithm such as Kalman filtering method, Wavelet Transform, Wiener Filter Method, adaptive-filtering.
In assembled classifier, decision tree classifier is Main classification device, and Bayes classifier is subsidiary classification device.Assembled classification
The input feature vector of device includes aforesaid starting current feature and load current spectrum signature, and the input feature vector of assembled classifier is simultaneously
Input feature vector and the input feature vector of Bayes classifier as decision tree classifier.
Electrical appliance type judges that recognition methods flow chart, described appliance type judge the concrete of recognition methods as shown in Figure 6
Step is:
Step A, wait appliance starting;
Step B, collection appliance starting current data also preserve, until appliance starting process terminates;
The appliance starting current data that step C, analysis gather, obtains the starting current feature of electrical equipment;
Step D, voltage when gathering electrical equipment steady operation, current data preserving;
Voltage during the electrical equipment steady operation that step E, analysis gather, current data, obtain the load current frequency spectrum of electrical equipment
Feature, fundamental voltage current and phase difference;
Step F, using starting current feature, load current spectrum signature, fundamental voltage current and phase difference as assembled classification
The input feature vector of device;Assembled classifier carries out appliance type identification;
Step G, output appliance type recognition result.
Described assembled classifier carries out appliance type knowledge method for distinguishing: know when Main classification device successfully realizes appliance type
Not, when i.e. the recognition result of Main classification device output is that in unique appliance type, i.e. recognition result, unique appliance type is for being,
Using the appliance type of Main classification device identification as the appliance type recognition result of assembled classifier;When Main classification device fails to realize electricity
Device type identification, and the recognition result of Main classification device be 2 kinds or two or more appliance type, i.e. recognition result have 2 kinds or
When two or more appliance type is for being, by Main classification device export 2 kinds or two or more appliance type recognition result in, auxiliary point
The appliance type that in the output of class device, probability is the highest is as the appliance type recognition result of assembled classifier;When Main classification device fails reality
Failing to be given in the appliance type of identification, i.e. recognition result in existing appliance type identification, and the recognition result of Main classification device does not has
When appliance type is for being, the appliance type that in being exported by subsidiary classification device, probability is the highest is known as the appliance type of assembled classifier
Other result.
As a example by a simple embodiment 1, illustrate that assembled classifier carries out appliance type and knows method for distinguishing.It is provided with one
Individual assembled classifier, its input feature vector isWherein, IGIt is to open
Dynamic current rush;IDIt is to start average current;QIIt it is starting current momentum;A1、A2、A3、A4、A5For in load current spectral characteristic
1-5 rd harmonic signal relative magnitude,For with the fundamental voltage current and phase difference of electric loading.The output of assembled classifier is
{B1, B2, B3, B4, B1、B2、B3、B4Represent assembled classifier respectively the identification of electric filament lamp, resistance furnace, hair-dryer, computer is tied
Fruit output, recognition result B1、B2、B3、B4Value be two-value key words sorting.The input feature vector of Main classification device is alsoIts output is { F1, F2, F3, F4, F1、F2、F3、F4
Represent Main classification device respectively the recognition result of electric filament lamp, resistance furnace, hair-dryer, computer is exported, identify knot
Really F1、F2、F3、F4Value be also two-value key words sorting.The input feature vector of subsidiary classification device is similarly x=Its output is { P (y1| x), P (y2| x), P (y3| x), P (y4|
X) }, P (y1|x)、P(y2|x)、P(y3|x)、P(y4| x) be subsidiary classification device output posterior probability, P (y1|x)、P(y2|x)、P
(y3|x)、P(y4| the mutual size between x) shows that the current input feature of subsidiary classification device represents that identified electrical equipment belongs to white
Vehement lamp, resistance furnace, hair-dryer, the probability size of computer.
In embodiment 1, B1、B2、B3、B4Key words sorting and F1、F2、F3、F4Key words sorting all take 1,0.Key words sorting
When being 1, corresponding appliance type mates with current input feature, for the recognition result confirmed, in other words corresponding appliance type
Recognition result is yes;When key words sorting is 0, corresponding appliance type does not mates with input feature vector, fails to become the identification of confirmation
As a result, corresponding appliance type recognition result is no in other words.
In embodiment 1, if the recognition result key words sorting of certain Main classification device is F1F2F3F4=0100, then it is assumed that
Main classification device successfully realizes appliance type identification, therefore, does not consider the recognition result of subsidiary classification device, directly makes B1B2B3B4=
0100, i.e. the recognition result of assembled classifier is: identified electrical equipment is resistance furnace.
In embodiment 1, if the recognition result key words sorting of certain Main classification device is F1F2F3F4=1010, then it is assumed that
Main classification device fails to realize appliance type identification, and the recognition result of Main classification device is 2 kinds or two or more appliance type;Again
If now the recognition result of subsidiary classification device meets P (y1|x)<P(y3| x), then make B1B2B3B4=0010, i.e. assembled classifier
Recognition result is: identified electrical equipment is hair-dryer.
In embodiment 1, if the recognition result key words sorting of certain Main classification device is F1F2F3F4=0000, then it is assumed that
Main classification device fails to realize failing to provide in appliance type identification, and the recognition result of Main classification device the appliance type of identification;Again
If now the recognition result of subsidiary classification device meets P (y1|x)>P(y2| x) and P (y1|x)>P(y3| x) and P (y1|x)>P(y4|
X), then B is made1B2B3B4=1000, i.e. the recognition result of assembled classifier is: identified electrical equipment is electric filament lamp.
Assembled classifier, the recognition result key words sorting of Main classification device can also use other scheme, such as, use respectively
Key words sorting 1 ,-1, or 0,1, or-1,1, and other schemes represent corresponding electric appliance recognition result be yes, no.
The key words sorting scheme of assembled classifier and Main classification device can be identical, it is also possible to differs.
In the input feature vector of described assembled classifier, it is also possible to include electric appliance load steady-state current IW.Such as, there are 2 kinds not
With electrical equipment, electric cautery and resistance furnace need identify, electric cautery, resistance furnace are all pure resistor loads, and all have resistance temperature
Correction factor is little, the common feature that resistance value is stable.Therefore, the aforesaid starting current feature of simple dependence and load current frequency spectrum
They cannot be made a distinction by feature, the fundamental voltage current and phase difference feature of electrical equipment.Input feature vector increases electric appliance load steady
State electric current IWAfter, electric cautery power is little, electric appliance load steady-state current IWLittle;Resistance furnace power is big, electric appliance load steady-state current IW
Greatly, feature is different, and assembled classifier can carry out and complete identifying.
Subsidiary classification device is Bayes classifier.NBC grader (Naive Bayes Classifier), TAN can be selected to classify
Three kinds of Bayes classifiers such as device (crown pruning), BAN grader (Bayes classifier of enhancing) it
In one as subsidiary classification device.
Embodiment 2 selects NBC grader as subsidiary classification device.Naive Bayes Classification is defined as follows:
(1) set x={a1,a2,…,amIt is an item to be sorted, and each a is x characteristic attribute;
(2) there is category set C={y1,y2,…,yn};
(3) calculate P (y1|x),P(y2|x),…,P(yn|x);
If (4) P (yk| x)=max{P (y1|x),P(y2|x),…,P(yn| x) }, then x ∈ yk。
The concrete grammar calculating the (3) each conditional probability in step is:
1. find the item set to be sorted of a known classification as training sample set;
2. statistics obtains the conditional probability estimation of each characteristic attribute lower of all categories;
P(a1|y1),P(a2|y1),…,P(am|y1);
P(a1|y2),P(a2|y2),…,P(am|y2);
…;
P(a1|yn),P(a2|yn),…,P(am|yn)。
3. according to Bayes theorem, have:
Because denominator is constant for all categories, as long as therefore molecule is maximized by we;Again because in simplicity
In Bayes, each characteristic attribute is conditional sampling, so having:
In embodiment 2, the input feature vector of assembled classifier isWherein,
IGIt is to start current rush;IDIt is to start average current;QIIt it is starting current momentum;A1、A3For load current spectral characteristic
In 1,3 odd harmonic signal relative magnitude;For the fundamental voltage current and phase difference of electrical equipment, unit is degree, and first-harmonic electricity
When pressure is ahead of fundamental current,IWFor electric appliance load steady-state current, unit is ampere.Require that the electrical equipment classification identified is
Electric filament lamp, resistance furnace, electric fan, computer, electric cautery.Make the characteristic attribute combination x={a of Naive Bayes Classifier1,a2,
a3,a4,a5,a6,a7Element in } is with the element in the input feature vector set of assembled classifier sequentially One_to_one corresponding;The output category set C={y of Naive Bayes Classifier1,y2,y3,y4,y5}
The most respectively with electrical equipment classification electric filament lamp, resistance furnace, electric fan, computer, electric cautery one_to_one corresponding.
The process of training NBC grader includes:
1, characteristic attribute is carried out segmentation division, carry out sliding-model control.In embodiment 2, the characteristic attribute taked is discrete
Change method is:
a1: { a1<4.2,4.2≤a1≤7,a1>7};
a2: { a2<1.2,1.2≤a2≤1.9,a2>1.9};
a3: { a3<120,120≤a3≤560,a3>560};
a4: { a4<0.7,0.7≤a4≤0.9,a4>0.9};
a5: { a5<0.02,0.02≤a5≤0.05,a5>0.05};
a6: { a6<-6,-6≤a6≤18,a6>18};
a7: { a7<0.45,a7≥0.45}。
2, every electric appliances type is all gathered, and how group sample, as training sample, calculates every electric appliances type sample simultaneously and exists
The ratio occupied in all appliance type samples, calculates P (y the most respectively1)、P(y2)、P(y3)、P(y4)、P(y5).When every class electricity
When device all gathers identical sample size, such as, every electric appliances all gathers the sample more than 100 groups, and wherein every electric appliances is random
Selecting 100 groups of samples as training sample, other are then as test sample, and total training sample is 500 groups, and has
P(y1)=P (y2)=P (y3)=P (y4)=P (y5)=0.2.
3, calculating the frequency (ratio) of each characteristic attribute segmentation under each class condition of training sample, statistics obtains all kinds of
Not Xia each characteristic attribute conditional probability estimate, statistical computation the most respectively
P(a1<4.2|y1)、P(4.2≤a1≤7|y1)、P(a1>7|y1);
P(a1<4.2|y2)、P(4.2≤a1≤7|y2)、P(a1>7|y2);
…;
P(a1<4.2|y5)、P(4.2≤a1≤7|y5)、P(a1>7|y5);
P(a2<1.2|y1)、P(1.2≤a2≤1.9|y1)、P(a2>1.9|y1);
P(a2<1.2|y2)、P(1.2≤a2≤1.9|y2)、P(a2>1.9|y2);
…;
P(a2<1.2|y5)、P(1.2≤a2≤1.9|y5)、P(a2>1.9|y5);
P(a3<120|y1)、P(120≤a3≤560|y1)、P(a3>560|y1);
P(a3<120|y2)、P(120≤a3≤560|y2)、P(a3>560|y2);
…;
P(a3<120|y5)、P(120≤a3≤560|y5)、P(a3>560|y5);
P(a4<0.7|y1)、P(0.7≤a4≤0.9|y1)、P(a4>0.9|y1);
P(a4<0.7|y2)、P(0.7≤a4≤0.9|y2)、P(a4>0.9|y2);
…;
P(a4<0.7|y5)、P(0.7≤a4≤0.9|y5)、P(a4>0.9|y5);
P(a5<0.02|y1)、P(0.02≤a5≤0.05|y1)、P(a5>0.05|y1);
P(a5<0.02|y2)、P(0.02≤a5≤0.05|y2)、P(a5>0.05|y2);
P(a5<0.02|y5)、P(0.02≤a5≤0.05|y5)、P(a5>0.05|y5);
P(a6<-6|y1)、P(-6≤a6≤18|y1)、P(a6>18|y1);
P(a6<-6|y2)、P(-6≤a6≤18|y2)、P(a6>18|y2);
…;
P(a6<-6|y5)、P(-6≤a6≤18|y5)、P(a6>18|y5);
P(a7<0.45|y1)、P(a7≥0.45|y1);
P(a7<0.45|y2)、P(a7≥0.45|y2);
…;
P(a7<0.45|y5)、P(a7≥0.45|y5)。
Through above-mentioned step 1, step 2, step 3, NBC classifier training completes.Wherein, characteristic attribute is entered by step 1
Row segmentation divides by manually determining, when each input feature vector is carried out disperse segmentaly, the quantity of segmentation is 2 sections or 2 sections
Above, such as, in embodiment 2, feature a1-a6All it is divided into 3 sections, feature a7It is divided into 2 sections.Each feature is specifically divided into how many sections,
Result after test sample can be tested by the selection of fragmentation threshold according to the Bayes classifier after training is adjusted.Step
2, step 3 has been calculated by message processing module 102 or computer.
The method using Bayes classifier to carry out classifying in the present invention is:
1, using the input feature vector of assembled classifier as the input feature vector of Bayes classifier.In example 2, will combination
The input feature vector set of graderAs the input feature vector x of Bayes classifier,
And have x={a1,a2,a3,a4,a5,a6,a7}。
2, the conditional probability of each characteristic attribute of all categories lower obtained according to training is estimated, determines each input feature vector respectively
The segmentation place of attribute also determines its probability P (a to every electric appliances classification1|y1)~P (am|yn), wherein, electrical equipment category set
For C={y1,y2,…,yn}.In embodiment 2, electrical equipment category set C={y1,y2,y3,y4,y5The corresponding electrical equipment classification that represents is
Electric filament lamp, resistance furnace, electric fan, computer, electric cautery, determine P (a1|y1)~P (a7|y5) method be use training NBC divide
The conditional probability of each characteristic attribute obtained during class device is estimated.
3, according to formula
Calculate every kind of other posterior probability of electric type.Because denominator P (x) is constant for all electrical equipment classifications, make P (x)
=1 substitutes actual P (x) value, and the mutual size not affected between every kind of electrical equipment classification posterior probability compares, and now has
In embodiment 2, have
Using test sample to test the Bayes classifier trained, it is right to decide whether to adjust according to test result
The discretization method (i.e. adjusting number of fragments and threshold value) of input feature vector, re-training Bayes classifier.
Main classification device is decision tree classifier, and the algorithm of decision tree classifier can select ID3, C4.5, CART etc..Implement
Example 2 selects to use ID3 decision tree classifier as Main classification device.The several of ID3 decision tree classifier are defined as follows:
If D is the division carried out training tuple by classification, then the entropy of D is expressed as:
Wherein piRepresent the probability that i-th classification occurs in whole training tuple (i.e. sample), can be with belonging to this type of
The quantity of other element is divided by training tuple elements total quantity as estimation.The practical significance of entropy represents it is the class label of tuple in D
Required average information.
Assume to divide training tuple D by attribute A, then the expectation information that D is divided by A is:
And information gain is both differences:
Gain (A)=info (D)-infoA(D) (3)
ID3 algorithm, when needing division every time, calculates the ratio of profit increase of each attribute, then selects the attribute that ratio of profit increase is maximum
Divide.
Training ID3 decision tree classifier can use characteristic attribute discretization method, it would however also be possible to employ characteristic attribute continuously
Potential disintegrating method.Its concrete grammar is: detect all of attribute, and the attribute selecting information gain maximum produces decision tree knot
Point, is set up branch by the different values of this attribute, then subset recursive call the method for each branch is set up decision tree node
Branch, until all subsets only comprise same category of data.Finally obtaining a decision tree, it can be used to new
Sample is classified.In example 2, every electric appliances type is all gathered and organizes sample more, randomly draw part as training sample
This, remaining is as test sample.
The process of characteristic attribute discretization method training ID3 decision tree classifier includes:
1) each characteristic attribute is realized feature differentiation.In embodiment 2, the feature differentiation method taked is:
a1: { a1<4.2,4.2≤a1≤7,a1>7};
a2: { a2<1.8,a2≥1.8};
a3: { a3<280,a3≥280};
a4: { a4<0.85,a4≥0.85};
a5: { a5<0.1,a5≥0.05};
a6: { a6<-12,-12≤a6≤12,a6>12};
a7: { a7<0.45,a7≥0.45}。
2) information gain of each attribute is calculated.In example 2, count respectively according to formula (2) and formula (3) for training sample
Calculate the information gain of 7 characteristic attributes.
3) select to have the attribute of maximum information gain as division (decision-making) attribute of this division and decision tree node,
Obtain division result, set up branch;If sample is all at same class, then this node becomes leaves, and uses such labelling.
4) on the basis of having divided result, recurrence uses abovementioned steps to calculate the Split Attribute of child node, sets up and divides
, finally give whole decision tree.
Through above-mentioned step, ID3 decision tree classifier has been trained.Wherein, step 1) characteristic attribute is carried out segmentation
Feature differentiation is by manually determining, when each input feature vector is carried out disperse segmentaly, the quantity of segmentation be 2 sections or 2 sections with
On, such as, in embodiment 2, feature a1、a6It is divided into 3 sections, feature a2-a5、a7All it is divided into 2 sections.Each feature is specifically divided into how many
Section, the result after test sample can be tested by the selection of fragmentation threshold according to the decision tree classifier after training is adjusted.
Step 2) to step 4) completed by message processing module 102 or computer.
The process of the potential disintegrating method training ID3 decision tree classifier of characteristic attribute includes continuously:
I, the information gain of each attribute is calculated.First element in training sample D is sorted according to characteristic attribute, then each two phase
The intermediate point of neighbors can regard potential split point as, and from the beginning of first potential split point, division D also calculates two set
Expecting information, the point with minimum expectation information is referred to as the best splitting point of this attribute, and its information is expected as this attribute
Information is expected.In example 2, for training sample, find out best splitting point and calculate 7 spies respectively according to formula (2) and formula (3)
Levy the information gain of attribute.
II, select to have the attribute of maximum information gain as division (decision-making) attribute of this division and decision tree knot
Point, obtains division result, sets up branch;If sample is all at same class, then this node becomes leaves, and uses such labelling.
III, on the basis of having divided result, recurrence uses abovementioned steps to calculate the Split Attribute of child node, sets up and divides
, finally give whole decision tree.
During the training of aforementioned decision tree, when all samples of given node belong to same class, terminate recursive procedure,
Decision tree has built up.All samples of given node belong to same class, it may be possible to single electric type other confirmation result, also
It is probably the negative decision of all appliance type.
During the training of aforementioned decision tree classifier, can be used to Further Division sample when not remaining attribute
Time, needing also exist for terminating recursive procedure, but now some subset is not the most pure collection, i.e. element in set is not belonging to same class
Not;Increase characteristic attribute at this point it is possible to use, such as, increase by 5 times, 7 times in load current spectral characteristic in example 2
Etc. odd harmonic signal relative magnitude as new characteristic attribute, decision tree is carried out re-training.When training after or again
The final part subset of decision tree classifier after training is not pure collection, when the element in its set is not belonging to same category,
Do not use subset " majority voting " mode using classifications most for occurrence number in subset as this node classification, but directly by son
The all categories concentrated is as this node classification, and the most described decision tree classifier can export multiple electric type other confirmation knot
Really.
Main classification device can also select to be made up of multiple two class output decision tree classifiers, and each two class output decision trees are divided
Class device correspondence identification one appliance type, such as, can use 4 two class output decision tree classifiers to know respectively in embodiment 1
Other electric filament lamp, resistance furnace, hair-dryer, computer, can use 5 two class output decision tree classifiers to know respectively in embodiment 2
Other electric filament lamp, resistance furnace, electric fan, computer, electric cautery.Main classification device selects multiple two class output decision tree classifiers common
During composition, the input feature vector of all two class output decision tree classifiers is the input feature vector of Main classification device, all of training sample
This is all as the training sample of each two class output decision tree classifiers.Main classification device selects multiple two class output decision tree classifications
When device collectively constitutes, each two class output decision tree classifiers only need to be performed the identification of a kind of appliance type, the instruction of decision tree
Practice relatively easy.After the training of certain two class output decision tree classifier described terminates, or increase characteristic attribute again
After training terminates, some subset is not the most pure collection, i.e. has subset can't confirm to input whether attribute belongs to the output of this two class
During the appliance type that decision tree classifier is identified, it is yes by the node definition at this subset place, i.e. allows this two class export decision-making
Tree Classifier judges that the characteristic attribute this time inputted belongs to identified appliance type in this case.Due to now Main classification
Device is made up of multiple two class output decision tree classifiers, separate, therefore, to certain between each two class output decision tree classifiers
When one characteristic attribute is identified, the recognition result that Main classification device likely exports is unique appliance type, or identifies knot
Fruit is 2 kinds or two or more appliance type, or fails to provide the appliance type of identification.
Claims (10)
1. an appliance type judgment means, it is characterised in that include information acquisition module, message processing module, communication module;
Described information acquisition module is for gathering the load current of electrical equipment and being converted into current digital signal;Described current digital is believed
Number it is sent to message processing module;
Described message processing module, according to the current digital signal of input, uses assembled classifier to carry out appliance type identification;
Described communication module is for sending the appliance type recognition result of message processing module to host computer;
The input feature vector of described assembled classifier includes the starting current feature of electrical equipment, the load current spectrum signature of electrical equipment and electricity
The fundamental voltage current and phase difference of device;
Described assembled classifier includes decision tree classifier and Bayes classifier;
Described starting current feature includes starting current rush, starting average current, starting current momentum.
2. appliance type judgment means as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described information acquisition module includes that electric current passes
Sensor, preamplifier, wave filter, A/D converter;The core of described message processing module is DSP, or is ARM, or is
Single-chip microcomputer, or be FPGA.
3. appliance type judgment means as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described A/D converter uses information processing
The A/D converter that the core of module includes.
4. appliance type judgment means as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described information acquisition module, information processing
Module, all or part of function of communication module are integrated on a piece of SoC.
5. the appliance type judgment means as according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that described assembled classifier
In, decision tree classifier is Main classification device, and Bayes classifier is subsidiary classification device.
6. appliance type judgment means as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that described assembled classifier carries out appliance type
Knowing method for distinguishing is: when Main classification device successfully realizes appliance type identification, the appliance type recognition result of Main classification device is group
Close the recognition result of grader;When Main classification device fails to realize appliance type identification, and the recognition result of Main classification device be 2 kinds or
Two or more appliance type of person, in 2 kinds that Main classification device is exported or two or more appliance type recognition result, subsidiary classification device
The appliance type that in output, probability is the highest is as the appliance type recognition result of assembled classifier;When Main classification device fails to realize electricity
Device type identification, and the recognition result of Main classification device fail the appliance type providing identification time, by subsidiary classification device export in
The highest appliance type of probability is as the appliance type recognition result of assembled classifier.
7. appliance type judgment means as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that described load current spectrum signature by with
Lower method obtains:
Step one, the steady state current signals of acquisition electric appliance load, and it is converted into the steady-state current digital signal of correspondence;
Step 2, steady-state current digital signal is carried out Fourier transform, obtain load current spectral characteristic;
Step 3, using odd harmonic signal relative magnitude that overtone order in load current spectral characteristic is n time as load electricity
Stream spectrum signature, wherein, n=1,3 ..., M;Described M represents that harmonic wave high reps and M are more than or equal to 3.
8. appliance type judgment means as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that described starting current feature is by information processing
Module is prepared by the following:
Before step 1, appliance starting, start the load current continuous sampling to electrical equipment and load current size is judged;When
When load current virtual value is more than ε, it is determined that electrical equipment starts start and turn to step 2;Described ε is the numerical value more than 0;
Step 2, load current to electrical equipment carry out continuous sampling, and protect with power frequency period for unit computational load current effective value
Deposit;Calculate the meansigma methods of the load current virtual value of nearest N number of power frequency period;Each work within nearest N number of power frequency period
Frequently the load current virtual value in cycle is compared with the meansigma methods of the load current virtual value of this N number of power frequency period, fluctuating margin
When being respectively less than the relative error range E set, it is determined that electric appliance load enters steady statue, turns to step 3;The value model of described N
Enclose for 50-500;The span of described E is 2%-20%;
Step 3, using the meansigma methods of the load current virtual value within nearest N number of power frequency period as electric appliance load steady-state current;
Electrical equipment is started Startup time to the time between nearest N number of power frequency period initial time as the start-up course time;Calculate electricity
Device start to start after electric appliance load current effective value within L power frequency period meansigma methods and electric appliance load steady-state current between
Ratio, using this ratio as the startup current rush of electrical equipment;Calculate the electric appliance load electricity within the start-up course time of electrical equipment
Ratio between meansigma methods and the electric appliance load steady-state current of stream virtual value, using this ratio as the startup average current of electrical equipment;
Calculate electrical equipment starts average current and the product between the start-up course time, is rushed as the starting current of electrical equipment by this product
Amount;The span of described L is 1-5.
9. appliance type judgment means as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that the input feature vector of described assembled classifier is also
Including electric appliance load steady-state current.
10. appliance type judgment means as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the fundamental voltage electric current phase of described electrical equipment
Potential difference is prepared by the following:
Step 1., enter after steady statue until electric appliance load, synchronizes to obtain the steady state voltage signal of electric appliance load, steady-state current letter
Number, and it is converted into corresponding steady state voltage digital signal, steady-state current digital signal;
Step 2., steady state voltage digital signal, steady-state current digital signal are carried out digital filtering respectively, extracts fundamental voltage
Signal, fundamental current signal;
Step phase contrast 3., between analytical calculation fundamental voltage signal and fundamental current signal, by fundamental voltage signal and base
Phase contrast between signal wave current is as the fundamental voltage current and phase difference of electrical equipment.
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