CN105865865A - Sample making method used for ageing and breakdown test - Google Patents
Sample making method used for ageing and breakdown test Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105865865A CN105865865A CN201610188033.2A CN201610188033A CN105865865A CN 105865865 A CN105865865 A CN 105865865A CN 201610188033 A CN201610188033 A CN 201610188033A CN 105865865 A CN105865865 A CN 105865865A
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- sample
- aging
- breakdown test
- sheet
- preparation methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/20—Preparation of articles or specimens to facilitate testing
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sample making method used for ageing and breakdown test. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a polyolefin material through adopting a hot pressing technology, pressing the polyolefin material in a flat vulcanizer to form a sheet or plate-shaped sample; processing the sheet or plate-shaped sample in the flat vulcanizer through using a die with semispherical projections to form a sample with grooves, placing the die in the flat vulcanizer, and synchronously cooling the die with the vulcanizer to room temperature in order to obtain a sample with grooves; and spraying a layer of a conductive metal material surrounding and in the grooves of the sample with grooves. The required shape and dimensions are reached through secondary thermal forming processing of the sheet or plate-shaped sample by deforming the sheet (plate) via the die and a pressure, and matching processes are combined, so application of the target technology is realized, and the test sample made in the invention can effectively eliminate the edge effect and avoid surface flashover in order to obtain accurate breakdown voltage and ageing experiment data.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of materials processing technology, be specifically related to a kind of can be used for aging and breakdown test sample
Preparation method.
Background technology
Polyolefine material, when dielectric properties and measuring mechanical property, generally requires cylindric or spherical little particle
Material is pressed into certain thickness (plate) shape sample.According to its melting characteristic, prepared by general employing pressure sintering,
Concrete grammar is first to choose specific thicknesses according to requirement of experiment, by Insulation Material by vulcanizing press at a constant temperature
Being pressed into a certain specific thicknesses under degree, then recrystallization shaping, finally obtains plate sample.
When carrying out the aging of material or breakdown test, owing to the disruptive field intensity of solid dielectric is again far above air
The disruptive field intensity of medium, therefore flat-plate-type solid dielectric is put and would generally be occurred along face when puncturing in atmosphere
At electric discharge or electrode edge, under non-uniform electric field, medium is breakdown, and can not obtain solid dielectric under uniform electric field
Electric breakdown field strength, and the disruptive field intensity under uniform electric field is higher than inhomogeneous field.
In order to eliminate the edge effect of electrode, make sample that intrinsic breakdown to occur in uniform electric field, can be to electrode
With some processing methods of sampling.For electrode, typically fillet is worn at the edge of electrode so that air or
The breakdown voltage of other media of person increases；For inorganic insulation sample, such as NaCl monocrystalline is due to inorganic material
Material is prone to shaping, generally uses the manufacturing process of machining, is typically made the shape of band cavity, to protect
The uniformity of card electric field；For the sample that organically insulate, owing to its shape is difficult to processing, typically by plate examination
Sample and electrode are placed in the liquid media that relative dielectric constant is relatively big, disruptive field intensity is higher, such as transformer oil, from
And suppress edge effect, it is ensured that puncture generation inside sample.But in degradation, especially long-term ageing
In test, at electrode chamfering, air corrosion is serious, punctures in the middle part of prior to electrode, and so obtain punctures result meeting
Actual value less than sample.Organic material is placed in the liquid medium that the disruptive field intensities such as transformer oil are high and punctures
Or time aging, when applying voltage and being higher, still suffer from edge flashing and occur.
It is thus desirable to improve the preparation method of traditional insulating materials, develop can effectively eliminate material along face
Flashover and the test specimen of edge effect.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned prior art not enough, it is provided that one can be used for aging and breakdown test
Sample preparation methods, the method can effectively eliminate edge effect and avoid edge flashing, and it is more accurate to obtain
Breakdown voltage and senile experiment data.
The technical scheme is that and be achieved in that: step is as follows:
1) pressure sintering is used to prepare polyolefine material, by polyolefine material in 110 DEG C-150 DEG C pressures of vulcanizing press
Make sheet or plaques；
2) with the mould with hemispherical projections, by sheet or plaques vulcanizing press 110 DEG C-150 DEG C,
The reeded sample of band it is pressed under 10-15mpa pressure condition,
3) if material needs crosslinking, then keep vulcanizing press 10-15mpa pressure constant, increase the temperature to
180-200 DEG C completes crosslinking；
4) keep vulcanizing press 10-15mpa pressure, mould is placed in vulcanizing press and synchronizes with vulcanizer
Cool to room temperature obtain carrying reeded sample；
5) reeded sample will be carried at groove vicinity and internal spray last layer conductive metallic material.
Described spraying conductive metallic material is silver-colored or golden, and the thickness of conductive material is 1-10 nanometer.
Described polyolefine material refers to the polymeric material with heating melting characteristic, index and low density polyethylene
LDPE or linear low density of polyethylene polymer.
Thickness with reeded sample is the difference of sheet or plaques thickness and depth of groove.
The shape of groove is hemispherical or the cylinder of band chamfering.
Groove diameter is less than aging and electrode diameter 0.5-1.5 centimetre of breakdown test.
Conductive metallic material spraying diameter is more than aging and electrode diameter 1-1.5 centimetre of breakdown test and little
In sheet or plaques diameter 4-6 centimetre.
The method have the advantages that
Owing to the thickness of groove part is minimum, therefore field intensity is maximum, punctures and necessarily first occurs at groove,
Avoiding edge effect, the existence of groove makes the creep age distance of material increase, and eliminates edge flashing, makes survey
Amount result is more accurate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the Weibull distribution that 0.2mm sheet sample punctures data；
Fig. 2 is the Weibull distribution that inventive samples punctures data.
Detailed description of the invention
Equipment choosing vulcanizing press, present case middle plateform vulcanizer maximum hydraulic pressure power is 15mpa.Other are supporting
Instrument includes: with size pressure-like steel plate 2 pieces (size: long=20 centimetres, wide=15 centimetres, high=0.5 centimetre,
Wherein one side is polished into smooth minute surface), mould 1 (size: long=20 centimetres, wide=15 centimetres, height=3
Centimetre, it is evenly distributed 6 a diameter of through holes of 6.6 centimetres), mould 2 (size: long=7.8 centimetres, wide=7.8
Centimetre, high=1.5 centimetres, with one a height of 2.8 millimeters, the convex cap of a diameter of 1.5 centimetres), also alcohol,
Cotton, polyester film.
Polyester film is cut to pressure-like steel plate size, smears alcohol wipe 2 block plate and cut out 2 with cotton
Block polyester film, after alcohol is dry, is attached to polyester film on the minute surface that steel plate is smooth, to play in the middle of protection
Sample shape and the effect preventing pollution sample, and mould 1 is placed on above 1 block of steel plate having polyester film；
Weighing 13.00g particle low-density polyethylene material, another block, in circular die, is had by uniform spreading
The sheet-steel cover of polyester film on circular die, formed in the middle of be the mould 1 of band pellet, be attached film up and down
The overall structure of steel plate, meanwhile, rises to 120 DEG C by vulcanizing press temperature；
By mould 1, be that the overall structure of steel plate of attached film is put in vulcanizing press up and down, now vulcanizer
It is not added with pressure, preheats 15 minutes；
After having preheated, vulcanizer pressure is risen to maximum, keep 15 minutes under the conditions of total head, keep afterwards
The pressure of compression molding agent, naturally cools to room temperature, after cooling take out sample, the most with groove tentatively
Sample；
In order to obtain sample with groove, it is necessary to preliminary sample derived above is reprocessed, now incite somebody to action
To the most with groove preliminary sample put in mould 1 after, 6 pieces of moulds with convex cap, i.e. mould 2 are depended on
This is placed on each preliminary sample, covers steel plate,
Meanwhile, still the temperature of vulcanizing press is risen to 120 DEG C；It is not added with pressure, mould is put into flat board sulphur
Change machine preheats 20 minutes, preliminary sample the most with groove is softened；
After stable, dividing and 3 times, each 5 minutes the pressure of vulcanizing press is added to maximum, three times pressure divides
Be not 1,8,15mpa, 1,8mpa time the most persistently keep 5min after rise to vulcanizing press maximum pressure again,
To prevent, instantaneous pressure is excessive causes sample shape to distort, then keeps 5 minutes under maximum pressure conditions；
Vulcanizing press is warmed up to 180 DEG C, treats that temperature stabilization keeps 15 minutes again.
After end, holding plate vulcanizer maximum pressure, unitary mould is placed in vulcanizing press with vulcanizer same
Step cooling, during to prevent cooling, sample produces stress cracking, after being cooled to after room temperature, takes out and i.e. obtains band groove
Sample.
The sample with groove obtained is put into vacuum drying chamber, and vacuum is 102Pa, temperature are 80 DEG C, enter
Row is heat-treated 48h, to eliminate in the impurity product such as steam that sample produces in preparation process and pressing process
The mechanical stress of sample interior.
Centered by groove, coat the elargol of a diameter of 2.5 centimetres at sample with groove, put into 70 DEG C afterwards
Baking oven in heating, drying, it is possible to obtain the target sample of the present invention.
The sheet sample utilizing target sample and same thickness carries out breakdown test, and two kinds of thickness of sample are
0.2mm.Puncture the distribution of data fit Weibull, the wherein dimensional parameters of Weibull distribution, i.e. sample has
63.2% disruptive field intensity corresponding when puncturing is exactly the disruptive field intensity of sample.Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is respectively mesh
The Weibull distribution map of the sheet sample of standard specimen product and same thickness, abscissa represents disruptive field intensity, vertical seat
Mark represents accumulated probability.Being respectively 280kV/mm and 250kV/mm, result shows under same thickness, this
Sample in bright improves 12% than sheet sample.
Claims (7)
1. one kind can be used for aging and breakdown test sample preparation methods, it is characterised in that step is as follows:
1) pressure sintering is used to prepare polyolefine material, by polyolefine material in 110 DEG C-150 DEG C pressures of vulcanizing press
Make sheet or plaques；
2) with the mould with hemispherical projections, by sheet or plaques vulcanizing press 110 DEG C-150 DEG C,
The reeded sample of band it is pressed under 10-15mpa pressure condition,
3) if material needs crosslinking, then keep vulcanizing press 10-15mpa pressure constant, increase the temperature to
180-200 DEG C completes crosslinking；
4) keep vulcanizing press 10-15mpa pressure, mould is placed in vulcanizing press and synchronizes with vulcanizer
Cool to room temperature obtain carrying reeded sample；
5) reeded sample will be carried at groove vicinity and internal spray last layer conductive metallic material.
The most according to claim 1 a kind of can be used for aging and breakdown test sample preparation methods, its
Being characterised by, described spraying conductive metallic material is silver-colored or golden, and the thickness of conductive material is 1-10 nanometer.
The most according to claim 1 a kind of can be used for aging and breakdown test sample preparation methods, it is special
Levying and be, described polyolefine material refers to the polymeric material with heating melting characteristic, the poly-second of index and low density
Alkene LDPE or linear low density of polyethylene polymer.
The most according to claim 1 a kind of can be used for aging and breakdown test sample preparation methods, it is special
Levying and be, the thickness with reeded sample is the difference of sheet or plaques thickness and depth of groove.
The most according to claim 1 a kind of can be used for aging and breakdown test sample preparation methods, it is special
Levying and be, the shape of groove is hemispherical or the cylinder of band chamfering.
A kind of can be used for aging and breakdown test sample preparation methods,
It is characterized in that, groove diameter is less than aging and electrode diameter 0.5-1.5 centimetre of breakdown test.
The most according to claim 1 a kind of can be used for aging and breakdown test sample preparation methods, it is special
Levying and be, conductive metallic material spraying diameter is more than aging and electrode diameter 1-1.5 centimetre of breakdown test, and
And less than sheet or plaques diameter 4-6 centimetre.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610188033.2A CN105865865A (en) | 2016-03-29 | 2016-03-29 | Sample making method used for ageing and breakdown test |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610188033.2A CN105865865A (en) | 2016-03-29 | 2016-03-29 | Sample making method used for ageing and breakdown test |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105865865A true CN105865865A (en) | 2016-08-17 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610188033.2A Pending CN105865865A (en) | 2016-03-29 | 2016-03-29 | Sample making method used for ageing and breakdown test |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108535619A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-09-14 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of sample preparation methods and mold of voltage ageing experiment |
| CN109946145A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-06-28 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of multilayer sample preparation mold and preparation method thereof applying electrical pre-stress |
| CN110068754A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2019-07-30 | 上海交通大学 | Sample mould suitable for polymer heavy insulation slab construction electrical breakdown test |
| CN111505472A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-08-07 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of thermoplastic insulation sample for electrical tree degradation experiment |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58189541A (en) * | 1982-04-28 | 1983-11-05 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Breakdown test-piece and breakdown testing method |
| CN101477857A (en) * | 2009-01-09 | 2009-07-08 | 西安交通大学 | Composite organic insulation construction with variable dielectric coefficient-resistance and preparation thereof |
-
2016
- 2016-03-29 CN CN201610188033.2A patent/CN105865865A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58189541A (en) * | 1982-04-28 | 1983-11-05 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Breakdown test-piece and breakdown testing method |
| CN101477857A (en) * | 2009-01-09 | 2009-07-08 | 西安交通大学 | Composite organic insulation construction with variable dielectric coefficient-resistance and preparation thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库 (硕士) 工程科技Ⅰ辑》 * |
| 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》 * |
| 《西安交通大学学报》 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110068754A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2019-07-30 | 上海交通大学 | Sample mould suitable for polymer heavy insulation slab construction electrical breakdown test |
| CN110068754B (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2021-01-08 | 上海交通大学 | Sample mould suitable for polymer thick insulation flat structure electrical breakdown test is used |
| CN108535619A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-09-14 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of sample preparation methods and mold of voltage ageing experiment |
| CN109946145A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-06-28 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of multilayer sample preparation mold and preparation method thereof applying electrical pre-stress |
| CN109946145B (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2024-03-19 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Multilayer sample preparation mold capable of applying prestress and preparation method thereof |
| CN111505472A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-08-07 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of thermoplastic insulation sample for electrical tree degradation experiment |
| CN111505472B (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2022-06-10 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of thermoplastic insulation sample for electrical tree degradation experiment |
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Application publication date: 20160817 |
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