CN105865751A - System and method for monitoring optical fiber fuse effect - Google Patents
System and method for monitoring optical fiber fuse effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN105865751A CN105865751A CN201610357311.2A CN201610357311A CN105865751A CN 105865751 A CN105865751 A CN 105865751A CN 201610357311 A CN201610357311 A CN 201610357311A CN 105865751 A CN105865751 A CN 105865751A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000035559 beat frequency Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000253 optical time-domain reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/30—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides
- G01M11/31—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides with a light emitter and a light receiver being disposed at the same side of a fibre or waveguide end-face, e.g. reflectometers
- G01M11/3109—Reflectometers detecting the back-scattered light in the time-domain, e.g. OTDR
- G01M11/3136—Reflectometers detecting the back-scattered light in the time-domain, e.g. OTDR for testing of multiple fibers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for monitoring the optical fiber fuse effect. The system comprises a laser module, a linear swept source module, a light power injecting module, a Mach Zehnder interferometer module, a photoelectric detecting and data acquiring module and a swept source feedback controlling module, wherein swept light generated by the linear swept source module enters the Mach Zehnder interferometer module and is divided into probe light and reference light; a light signal generated by the laser module and the probe light are coupled in the light power injecting module and then enters a to be monitored optical fiber link, and signal light returned to the light power injecting module from the optical fiber link enters the Mach Zehnder interferometer module for interference beating with the adjusted reference light, and is input into the photoelectric detecting and data acquiring module; the feedback controlling module is used for controlling the laser module; the data acquiring module is used for performing later data processing, judging the occurrence of the optical fiber fuse effect and obtaining the position of a fault point through calculation. By means of the system and the method, monitoring is rapid and accurate, and the length and the position of a damaged optical fiber can be accurately determined.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technology of a kind of sensory field of optic fibre, a kind of monitoring for optical fiber fuse effect
System and method.
Background technology
In the optical fiber that transmitting optical power is higher, fiber end face or the dust of joint and overbending are all easily caused
Locally fibre core temperature is too high, thus triggers optical fiber fuse effect.After optical fiber fuse effect occurs, highdensity plasma knows from experience edge
Optical fiber moves to light source direction, leaves periodic gas microcavity in a fiber so that the guide-lighting ability of optical fiber is broken simultaneously
Bad.For conventional single mode fiber, the threshold power of optical fiber fuse effect is about 1.3～1.5W, along with high power Raman is put
Greatly, the development of the technology such as dense wave division multipurpose and space division multiplexing, the through-put power in optical fiber communication significantly improves, and how to prevent
Stop or alleviate optical fiber fuse effect and the destruction of fibre system is become a real problem.
In recent years, foreign scholar proposes several blocking-up and the method for monitoring optical fiber fuse effect.Such as at optical fiber link
In be provided with airport auxiliary type optical fiber (HAF) [N.Hanzawa, K.Kurokawa, K.Tsujikawa, T.Matsui,
K.Nakajima,S.Tomita and M.Tsubokawa,“Suppression of fiber fuse propagation in
hole‐assisted fiber and photonic crystal fiber,”J.Lightwave Technol.28,2115‐
2120 (2010) .] optical fiber fuse effect effectively can be made near fusion point to stop, but this method can not be actively
Whether detection optical fiber fuse effect occurs, and can only protect the optical fiber link of fusion point side.Optical time domain reflectometer skill
Art (OTDR) [K.S.Abedin, M.Nakazawa and T.Miyazaki, " Real time monitoring of a
fiber fuse using an optical time‐domain reflectometer,”Opt.Express 17,6525‐
6531 (2009) .] carry out detection optical fiber fuse effect by the change of reflection point position in monitoring optical fiber, it can be carried out simultaneously
Real-time positioning.But OTDR spatial resolution is relatively limited, need multiple averaging to improve signal to noise ratio, to optical fiber fuse effect
Response time is more than ten seconds, and positioning precision is relatively low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to prior art easily by deficiencies such as the factor such as message transmission rate and modulation format are affected, propose one
Plant the monitoring system and method for optical fiber fuse effect, in testing fiber link, inject linear frequency sweep light, to testing fiber
The flashlight that link returns and reference light carry out interfering beat frequency, monitor the generation of optical fiber fuse effect in real time, and by calculating
To damaging the position of optical fiber and length, make superpower laser stop after quickly response, in order to the replacement of optical fiber link with repair
Multiple.The present invention can carry out the real-time positioning of pip, speed monitoring and the determination of impaired fiber lengths.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The present invention relates to a kind of monitoring system for optical fiber fuse effect, including: laser module, linear frequency sweep light source die
Block, luminous power injection module, Mach-Zehnder interferometers module, photodetection and data acquisition module and feedback control module,
Wherein: the frequency sweep light that linear frequency sweep light source module produces enters in Mach-Zehnder interferometers module, it is divided into detection light and reference
Light；The optical signal that laser module produces enters testing fiber link with detection light after luminous power injection module couples, and treats light-metering
Reference light after the flashlight that fine chain road direction luminous power injection module returns enters Mach-Zehnder interferometers module and adjusts enters
Row interferes beat frequency, and inputs photodetection and data acquisition module；Feedback control module is according to photodetection and data acquisition module
The output control laser module of block.
Described laser module includes superpower laser and the optoisolator being connected.
The Output optical power of described superpower laser is more than 1W.
Described linear frequency sweep light source module includes: radio-frequency signal generator, the narrow cable and wide optical fiber laser being sequentially connected,
Intensity modulator and band filter, wherein: swept-frequency signal is modulated narrow line by intensity modulator by radio-frequency signal generator
In the seed light that wide optical fiber laser produces.
Described band filter insertion loss is less than 8dB.
Described luminous power injection module includes photo-coupler and the three port circulators being sequentially connected.
The tolerance power of three described port circulators is more than 1W, and insertion loss is less than 2dB.
Described Mach-Zehnder interferometers module includes: Polarization Controller and be arranged at the two of Polarization Controller both sides
Individual photo-coupler.
Described photodetection and data acquisition module include: the balance photodetector being sequentially connected and data acquisition
Card, wherein: balance photodetector carries out opto-electronic conversion to the optical signal of input, the simulation letter after data collecting card collection conversion
Number carry out numeral conversion to process for later data.
The band of described balance photodetector is wider than 10MHz.
Described feedback control module is TTL signal generator.
The described built-in ordo judiciorum of TTL signal generator.
After described ordo judiciorum is used for judging optical fiber fuse effect, controls TTL signal generator and produce level signal, with
Close superpower laser.
Described flashlight is back-scattering light or reflection light.
The present invention relates to a kind of monitoring method based on said system, by preset radio-frequency signal generator, narrow linewidth light
Fibre laser and the corresponding parameter of band filter, detection Mach-Zehnder interferometers module output reference light with treat light-metering
The signal interference of light beat frequency that fine link returns changes, and the time-domain signal collected by data collecting card carries out Fourier's change
Change, obtain the distributed backscatter signals along testing fiber link, thus the generation of detection optical fiber fuse effect by anti-
Feedback control module closes superpower laser；It is calculated the real time position of trouble point when optical fiber fuse effect occurs, thus real
The trouble point now optical fiber fuse effect occurred positions.
Described corresponding parameter specifically refers to: the swept frequency range of radio-frequency signal generator, sweep velocity and frequency sweep cycle；Narrow
The operation wavelength of live width optical fiber laser；The centre wavelength of band filter and bandwidth.
The real time position of described trouble pointWherein: Z0For the initial position of trouble point, n
For detecting the total sampling number after optical fiber fuse effect occurs, fDoppler,iFor real-time Doppler frequency shift amount, c is in vacuum
The light velocity, neffFor the reflection coefficient that institute's light-metering is fine, f0Mid frequency for swept light source.
Technique effect
Compared with prior art, the present invention is by adding the probe beam deflation of an external modulation in testing fiber link
Instrument, injects linear frequency sweep light to testing fiber link, supervises the position of pip present in testing fiber link in real time
Surveying and location, early stage confirmatory experiment achieves in the case of not being averaging processing, in 200ms time interior focusing fibre fuse effect
Responding, the fault fiber lengths error measured in the optical fiber of 67m length is less than 30cm, it is achieved that 5cm spatial resolution
Localization of fault.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is principle of the invention figure；
Fig. 2 is detecting system schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is embodiment 1 detecting system schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the probe beam deflation curve before and after optical fiber fuse effect occurs；
In figure: (a) is before optical fiber fuse effect occurs, when (b) is the generation of optical fiber fuse effect, (c) is optical fiber fuse effect
Should stop；
Fig. 5 is the optical fiber weak reflection spot position relation over time that embodiment 1 obtains；
Fig. 6 be the optical fiber fuse effect spread speed that calculates of embodiment 1 and optical fiber injecting power the most bent
Line；
Fig. 7 be the optical fiber fuse effect spread speed that calculates of embodiment 2 and optical fiber injecting power the most bent
Line；
In figure: 1 be superpower laser, 2 be optoisolator, 3 be 10/90 photo-coupler, 4 be three port circulators, 5 be
Testing fiber link, 6 be data collecting card, 7 be balance photodetector, 8 and 10 be 50/50 photo-coupler, 9 for Polarization Control
Device, 11 be linear frequency sweep light source module, 12 and 18 for band filter, 13 be intensity modulator, 14 be narrow linewidth optical-fiber laser
Device, 15 be radio-frequency signal generator, 16 be outside source, 17 for energy meter.
Detailed description of the invention
Elaborating embodiments of the invention below, the present embodiment is carried out under premised on technical solution of the present invention
Implement, give detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following enforcement
Example.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the present embodiment relates to a kind of monitoring system for optical fiber fuse effect, including: mode of laser
Block, linear frequency sweep light source module, luminous power injection module, Mach-Zehnder interferometers module, photodetection and data acquisition module
Block and feedback control module, wherein: the frequency sweep light that linear frequency sweep light source module produces enters Mach-Zender interferometer mould
In block, it is divided into detection light and reference light；The optical signal that laser module produces injects mould with the detection light through port 1 in luminous power
Entering testing fiber link 5 after block coupling, the flashlight that testing fiber link 5 returns to luminous power injection module passes through port 2
Reference light after entering Mach-Zehnder interferometers module and adjusting carries out interfering beat frequency, and inputs photodetection and data acquisition
Collection module；Feedback control module controls laser module according to the result of photodetection and data acquisition module by port 3.
Described testing fiber link 5 afterbody is provided with dispersion compensating fiber.
Described dispersion compensating fiber end heat sealing machine arc discharge triggers optical fiber fuse effect.
Described laser module includes superpower laser 1 and the optoisolator 2 being connected.
Described optoisolator 2 is used for eliminating backlight.
Described linear frequency sweep light source module includes: radio-frequency signal generator 15, the narrow linewidth optical-fiber laser being sequentially connected
Device 14, intensity modulator 13 and band filter 12, wherein: radio frequency is believed by radio-frequency signal generator 15 by intensity modulator 13
Number modulation to narrow cable and wide optical fiber laser 14 produce seed light on, band filter 12 leaches single sideband signals.
Described frequency sweep light is the lower sideband that band filter 12 leaches.
Described linear frequency sweep light source module produces stable linear frequency sweep light, and its frequency the most linearly changes, and sweeps
Frequently the linearity is high.
Described band filter 12 insertion loss is less than 8dB.
Described luminous power injection module includes photo-coupler 3 and the three port circulators 4 being sequentially connected.
The insertion loss of three described port circulators 4 is less than 2dB.
The tolerance power of described luminous power injection module is more than the output of superpower laser 1.
The outfan of described photo-coupler 3 is provided with energy meter 17.
Described Mach-Zehnder interferometers module includes: Polarization Controller 9 and be arranged at Polarization Controller 9 both sides
Two 50/50 photo-couplers 8 and 10.
It is provided with bandpass filtering between photo-coupler 8 and the three port circulators 4 of described Polarization Controller 9 outfan side
Device 18, is used for filtering noise signal.
Described photodetection and data acquisition module include: the balance photodetector 7 being sequentially connected and data acquisition
Card 6, wherein: balance photodetector 7 carries out opto-electronic conversion to the optical signal of input, and data collecting card 6 gathers the mould after conversion
Intend signal and carry out numeral conversion for later data process.
The band of described balance photodetector 7 is wider than 10MHz.
Described data collecting card 6 and radio-frequency signal generator 15 are synchronized by outside source 16.
Described feedback control module is TTL signal generator.
The described built-in ordo judiciorum of TTL signal generator.
After described ordo judiciorum is used for judging optical fiber fuse effect, controls TTL signal generator and produce level signal, with
Close superpower laser 1.
Described flashlight is back-scattering light or reflection light.
As shown in Figure 4, trigger the fusing effect of testing fiber link 5, beat frequency strength reduction, and substantially move to high frequency direction
Dynamic, extract feedback signal with this and close superpower laser 1.
The present embodiment relates to monitoring and the localization method of a kind of optical fiber fuse effect based on said detecting system, by advance
Put the corresponding parameter of radio-frequency signal generator 15, narrow cable and wide optical fiber laser 14 and superpower laser 1, detect Mach Zeng De
The signal interference of light beat frequency change that the reference light of your interferometer module output and testing fiber link 5 return, can quick detection
The generation of optical fiber fuse effect also closes superpower laser 1 by feedback control module；Calculate optical fiber fuse by algorithm to imitate
The real time position that should occur and speed, can position the trouble point that optical fiber fuse effect occurs.
Ultra-low loss single-mode fiber (the Corning that optical fiber is a length of 67m of described testing fiber link 5)。
The a length of 20cm of dispersion compensating fiber of described testing fiber link 5 afterbody welding.
The operation wavelength of described superpower laser 1 is 1549.7nm, and Output optical power is 3.3W, power instability
Less than ± 3%.
The swept frequency range of described radiofrequency signal is 2GHz, and sweep velocity is 200GHz/s, corresponding in probe beam deflation
The theoretical space resolution of 5cm.
The wavelength of the seed light that described narrow cable and wide optical fiber laser 14 produces is 1550.3nm.
The data collection cycle of the present embodiment is 200ms, can respond in 200ms interior focusing fibre fuse effect.
For in optical fiber pip, when there is no optical fiber fuse effect, owing to there is fixing light between two paths of signals
Path difference, beat frequency is fixed value Δ f1, and the position of pip is less than fiber lengths, and corresponding beat frequency does not changes over time；And work as
When optical fiber fuse effect occurs, owing to pip moves to light source direction, corresponding back-reflection light is by the shadow of Doppler frequency shift
Ringing and occurrence frequency skew, the beat frequency making this reflection peak corresponding dramatically increases, so that the frequency of reflected light signal raises, now
The beat frequency Δ f2 detected is made up of two parts: the optical path difference relevant with reflection point position and relevant with pip translational speed
Doppler frequency shift.
The real time position of described trouble pointWherein: Z0It is 530 for 67.2m, n,
fDoppler,iFor by real-time Doppler frequency shift (difference of the beat frequency corresponding to actual measurement beat frequency and optical path difference), c is 3 × 108M/s,
neffIt is 1.452, f0For 193.5THz.
As it is shown in figure 5, a length of 44.6m damaging optical fiber in prediction on such basis, record with using probe beam deflation instrument technology
44.9m error less than 0.7%.
As shown in Figure 6, the variation tendency of spread speed is highly consistent with optical power change, it was demonstrated that the present embodiment effective
Property.
Embodiment 2
The optical fiber of described testing fiber link 5 is the Standard single-mode fiber (YOFC-SSMF) that Chang Fei company manufactures,
After triggering optical fiber fuse effect, it is gradually lowered the Output optical power of superpower laser 1.
As it is shown in fig. 7, whenever luminous power generation saltus step, the spread speed monitored also can occur saltus step, whole
During the two change show the concordance of height, and when injected optical power is identical, the propagation speed of optical fiber fuse effect
Degree is apparently higher than the spread speed in ultra-low loss single-mode fiber, and this is also consistent with the calculated results.
The a length of 33.9m of damage of the optical fiber that the present embodiment records, with the 33.8m using probe beam deflation instrument technology to record
Comparing, error is less than 0.3%.
Claims (10)
1. the monitoring system for optical fiber fuse effect, it is characterised in that including: laser module, linear frequency sweep light source die
Block, luminous power injection module, Mach-Zehnder interferometers module, photodetection and data acquisition module, and feedback control mould
Block, wherein: the frequency sweep light that linear frequency sweep light source module produces enters in Mach-Zehnder interferometers module, be divided into detection light and
Reference light；The optical signal that laser module produces enters testing fiber link with detection light after luminous power injection module couples, and treats
Survey optical fiber link reference after the flashlight that luminous power injection module returns enters Mach-Zehnder interferometers module and adjusts
Light carries out interfering beat frequency, and inputs photodetection and data acquisition module；Feedback control module is according to photodetection and data acquisition
The output control laser module of collection module；
Described flashlight is back-scattering light or reflection light.
Monitoring system the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described testing fiber link trailer is provided with dispersion compensation
Optical fiber.
Monitoring system the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described laser module includes the high power laser light being connected
Device and optoisolator.
Monitoring system the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described linear frequency sweep light source module includes: radio frequency is believed
Number generator, the narrow cable and wide optical fiber laser being sequentially connected, intensity modulator and band filter, wherein: radiofrequency signal occurs
Swept-frequency signal is modulated in the seed light that narrow cable and wide optical fiber laser produces by device by intensity modulator.
Monitoring system the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described luminous power injection module includes being sequentially connected
10/90 photo-coupler and three port circulators.
Monitoring system the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Mach-Zehnder interferometers module includes: partially
Two 50/50 photo-couplers that shaking controller and is arranged at Polarization Controller both sides.
Monitoring system the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described photodetection and data acquisition module include:
The balance photodetector being sequentially connected and data collecting card, wherein: balance photodetector carries out light to the optical signal of input
Electricity conversion, the analogue signal after data collecting card collection conversion carries out numeral conversion and processes for later data.
Monitoring system the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described feedback control module is TTL signal generator,
This built-in ordo judiciorum of TTL signal generator, after being used for judging optical fiber fuse effect, controls TTL signal generator and produces level
Signal, to close superpower laser.
9. apply the monitoring method of arbitrary described system in claim 1～8 for one kind, it is characterised in that believed by preset radio frequency
Number generator, narrow cable and wide optical fiber laser and the corresponding parameter of band filter, detection Mach-Zehnder interferometers module output
The signal interference of light beat frequency change that returns of reference light and testing fiber link, and the time domain collected by data collecting card
Signal carries out Fourier transformation, obtains the distributed backscatter signals along testing fiber link, thus detection optical fiber fuse is imitated
The generation answered also closes superpower laser by feedback control module；It is calculated trouble point when optical fiber fuse effect occurs
Real time position, thus the trouble point realizing optical fiber fuse effect positions；
Described corresponding parameter specifically refers to: the swept frequency range of radio-frequency signal generator, sweep velocity and frequency sweep cycle；Narrow linewidth
The operation wavelength of optical fiber laser；The centre wavelength of band filter and bandwidth.
Monitoring method the most according to claim 9, is characterized in that, the real time position of trouble point
Wherein: Z0For the initial position of trouble point, n is to detect the total sampling number after optical fiber fuse effect occurs, fDoppler,iFor reality
Time Doppler frequency shift amount, c is the light velocity in vacuum, neffFor the reflection coefficient that institute's light-metering is fine, f0Center frequency for swept light source
Rate.
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