CN105863156A - 一种模块化集成石竹复合新型墙体构件的制造方法 - Google Patents
一种模块化集成石竹复合新型墙体构件的制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种模块化集成石竹复合新型墙体构件的制造方法，通过石材连接件将预制模数化的无机石材外墙、装饰美观的竹板内墙和保温隔热的竹纤维发泡中层组装成集结构、防护、保温、隔音、装饰功能为一体的单元结构。利用天然无机石材的耐候性能好，作为外墙，抵御自然的侵蚀；利用有机竹材的装饰效果好，作为内墙板板，给人宜居舒适的感觉。同时在中间层加入竹纤维发泡保温材料或六棱竹筒，提高保温隔热隔音性能；通过凹凸卡扣式连接件将石材外墙壁板、保温材料和竹材内墙板合为一体；实现了墙体构件的模块化与功能化集成，可在工厂标准化预制，提高生产效率，具有节能、环保和舒适的特点，可用于底层高端住宅、高级商业会所等。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑工程领域，具体涉及一种模块化集成石竹复合新型墙体构件的制造方法。
背景技术
天然石材资源丰富、分布广泛，以大理石、花岗岩、砂岩石、石灰石最为常见。石材具有耐磨、耐久、耐水、抗风化能力强等特点，开片磨切后广泛应用于路面、墙面、桌面、建筑柱体等装饰材料和结构构件。但致密石材的密度较大，一般在2.5-3.1g/cm3，另外石材的材质脆，耐火性能差，且导热系数高，保温隔热性能差，很难直接当作构件被规模化地应用于高档建筑体系之中。我国是“竹子王国”，竹材资源丰富，竹林面积、竹材种类和蓄积量均为世界第一。同时竹材产业是我国为数不多的，拥有自主知识产权的特色朝阳产业，竹产加工水平和研发能力均为世界之最。竹子的清秀坚劲、空心多节，代表着高风亮节和虚怀若谷的品质，被历代文人墨客所喜爱。另外，竹子的生长快、培育周期短、一次栽培可永续利用，同时具有轻质、高强、高韧、高弯曲延展性等优异的物理力学性能。
近些年，以竹集成材、竹蔑层积材、竹材定向刨花板、竹纤维板、竹重组材、竹束单板层积材为代表的竹材人造板被广泛应用于家具、建材、交通、装饰材和地板、梁柱、墙面板、屋面板等结构件。竹材人造板具有良好的物理力学性能和朴实大气的装饰效果，但环境适应性能有待进一步提高。作为一种天然生物质有机高分子材料，竹子是由纤维素、半纤维素和木质素构成，具有多糖、淀粉等养分和亲水性基团，特别容易受到霉菌虫蚁的侵蚀和环境的劣化而发霉腐朽、降解变色。因此，目前大多数竹材人造板用于室内板材；户外用高耐候竹质板材需要经过特殊的防霉、防腐和防蚁处理，但长期暴露在大自然的日晒雨淋环境下往往效果欠佳。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种模块化集成石竹复合新型墙体构件的制造方法，通过石材作为外防护墙板，充分发挥天然无机材料的防霉腐、防虫蛀、防水防潮、防变色、防冻耐磨、抗风化等高耐候性特点，同时保证墙体的结构稳定性。通过竹质板材用于内墙装饰板，充分发挥天然有机材料美丽的纹理、悦人的色泽、亲切的动感和湿度调节功能，予人舒适宜居，并利用竹纤维发泡材料、六棱圆竹筒作为中间层来保温、隔热和隔音。本发明的石竹复合新型墙体构件采用工厂标准化预制、现场模块化组装模式，生产效率高；同时集功能性与装饰性为一体，具有节能、环保和舒适的特点，可用于底层高端住宅、高级商业会所、政府办公建筑、园林式度假酒店和森林城市建筑等。
为实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：
一种模块化集成石竹复合新型墙体构件的制造方法，包括如下步骤：
S1、将天然石材切割加工成厚度为30-40mm的毛坯板，设定毛坯石板的基本宽度为1P、1.5P、2P，1P为基本模数为1220mm；高度可根据具体的建筑楼层高度来确定，基本高度模数以300mm为一个单元；
S2、对毛坯石板进行打磨抛光处理，保证其厚度尺寸、平整度和光泽度；
S3、将抛光后的石材定型切割，平面尺寸为300mm*610mm；并通过特殊的凿切加工，在石材板面两侧形成与石竹连接件相配合的公母榫槽；
S4、选用木质人造板作为内墙板，内墙板的厚度为8-10mm，设定宽度为1P、1.5P、2P，1P为基本模数为1220mm；高度可根据具体的建筑楼层高度来确定，基本高度模数以300mm为一个单元；
S5、沿内墙板宽度方向上每间隔一定距离设置龙骨柱，用于承受垂直载荷；
S6、在内墙体的四边龙骨柱上开一定深度的榫槽，其尺寸与卡扣式石竹连接件相配合；
S7、内墙板材涂刷清漆或木蜡油，提高耐水防潮、尺寸稳定性和光泽度；
S8、通过卡扣式石竹连接件与石材外墙板两边的公母榫槽、龙骨柱的榫槽无缝紧密连接，将所得石材外墙板与竹质内墙板形成统一的整体单元，得石竹复合墙体；
S9、在所得石竹复合墙体的靠近石材面设置防水透气膜，增加构件的透气防水性能；
S10、在所得的竹质内墙板中间注入竹纤维、淀粉木质素基可降解发泡材料或聚丙烯发泡材料，提高其保温隔热性能；或，根据墙体的力学设计要求，在所得的竹质内墙板中间放置纵向或横向的六棱竹筒柱体，增加墙体的稳定性能，并在竹筒中间和墙体其余空隙地方填充竹材液化发泡材料；
S11、采用玻璃胶对所得墙体连接件处、墙体与框架之间的微小空隙密封处理。
优选地，所述步骤S4中的木质人造板为竹集成材、竹地板、竹重材、竹材定向刨花板或其他木质人造板。
优选地，所述步骤S5中的龙骨柱材料为2*4英寸的竹木质结构材料，并用起钉枪将竹质内墙板与龙骨柱连接。
优选地，所述竹木质结构材料为规格材或竹束单板层积材。
优选地，所述石竹连接件的形状为三角形、矩形、圆形、丁字形或多边形。
优选地，所述石竹连接件的材质为铝合金、不锈钢或其他满足连接强度的塑料、竹木材料。
优选地，所述防水透气膜由PP纺粘无纺布、PE高分子透气膜和PP纺粘无纺布依次相连复合而成，纺粘无纺布的作用主要是增强拉力和静水压及保护中间层(透气膜)，真正透气主要是靠中间层PE高分子透气膜。材料表面具有极其细小的微孔结构，由于水滴最小直径约0.02毫米，而水蒸汽分子的直径仅为0.0000004毫米，两者直径有着巨大差异，依据浓度梯度差扩散原理，水蒸汽能够自由的通过微孔，而液态水和水滴因为其表面张力作用不能通过呼吸纸材料，因此，呼吸纸优秀的防水性能和透汽性能。
本发明具有以下有益效果；
充分发挥了石材和竹材的各自材性特点，利用天然无机石材的耐候性能好，作为外墙，抵御自然的侵蚀；利用有机竹材的装饰效果好，作为内墙板板，给人宜居舒适的感觉。同时在中间层加入竹纤维发泡保温材料或六棱竹筒，提高保温隔热隔音性能；并通过凹凸卡扣式连接件将三者合为一体；实现了墙体构件的模块化与功能化集成，即可在工厂标准化预制，工作现场模块化组装施工，提高生产效率。另外，所得石竹复合新型墙体可替代大量的钢材和水泥纤维板直接应用于建筑结构构件，生态环保效果显著，经济效益可观；同时还能降低成本，增加安全性和舒适度。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1所得的模块化集成石竹复合新型墙体构件的结构示意图。
图2为本发明实施例2所得的模块化集成石竹复合新型墙体构件的结构示意图。
图3为本发明实施例3所得的模块化集成石竹复合新型墙体构件的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1
S1、利用框架式大型自动加砂砂锯、多刀片双向切机、多刀片电脑控制花岗石切机或花岗石圆盘锯石机将天然石材切割加工成厚度为30-40mm的毛坯板，设定毛坯石板的基本宽度为1P、1.5P、2P，1P为基本模数为1220mm；高度可根据具体的建筑楼层高度来确定，基本高度模数以300mm为一个单元；
S2、采用自动多头连续研磨机和圆盘磨机对毛坯石板进行半细磨、细磨、精磨等打磨抛光处理，保证其厚度尺寸、平整度和光泽度；
S3、利用纵向横向多锯片切割机将抛光后的石材定型切割，平面尺寸为300mm*610mm；并通过特殊的凿切加工，在石材板面两侧形成与石竹连接件相配合的公母榫槽，得石材外墙板1；
S4、选用竹集成材、竹地板、竹重材、竹材定向刨花板或其他木质人造板作为内墙板2，内墙板2的厚度为8-10mm，设定宽度为1P、1.5P、2P，1P为基本模数为1220mm；高度可根据具体的建筑楼层高度来确定，基本高度模数以300mm为一个单元；
S5、沿内墙板2宽度方向上每间隔一定距离设置龙骨柱，用于承受垂直载荷；龙骨柱材料为2*4英寸的规格材或竹束单板层积材等竹木质结构材料，并用起钉枪将竹质内墙板与龙骨柱连接；
S6、在内墙体的四边龙骨柱上开一定深度的榫槽，其尺寸与卡扣式石竹连接件3相配合；
S7、内墙板2材涂刷清漆或木蜡油，提高耐水防潮、尺寸稳定性和光泽度；
S8、通过卡扣式石竹连接件3与石材外墙板1两边的公母榫槽、龙骨柱的榫槽无缝紧密连接，将所得石材外墙板1与竹质内墙板形成统一的整体单元，得石竹复合墙体；石竹连接件的形状为三角形、矩形、圆形、丁字形或多边形，连接件材也选择铝合金、不锈钢或其他满足连接强度的塑料、竹木材料。
S9、在所得石竹复合墙体的靠近石材面设置防水透气膜6，增加构件的透气防水性能；
S10、在所得的竹质内墙板中间注入竹纤维、淀粉木质素基可降解发泡材料或聚丙烯发泡材料4，提高其保温隔热性能；
S11、采用玻璃胶对所得墙体连接件处、墙体与框架之间的微小空隙密封处理。
实施例2
S1、利用框架式大型自动加砂砂锯、多刀片双向切机、多刀片电脑控制花岗石切机或花岗石圆盘锯石机将天然石材切割加工成厚度为30-40mm的毛坯板，设定毛坯石板的基本宽度为1P、1.5P、2P，1P为基本模数为1220mm；高度可根据具体的建筑楼层高度来确定，基本高度模数以300mm为一个单元；
S2、采用自动多头连续研磨机和圆盘磨机对毛坯石板进行半细磨、细磨、精磨等打磨抛光处理，保证其厚度尺寸、平整度和光泽度；
S3、利用纵向横向多锯片切割机将抛光后的石材定型切割，平面尺寸为300mm*610mm；并通过特殊的凿切加工，在石材板面两侧形成与石竹连接件相配合的公母榫槽，石材外墙板1；
S4、选用竹集成材、竹地板、竹重材、竹材定向刨花板或其他木质人造板作为内墙板，内墙板的厚度为8-10mm，设定宽度为1P、1.5P、2P，1P为基本模数为1220mm；高度可根据具体的建筑楼层高度来确定，基本高度模数以300mm为一个单元；
S5、沿内墙板宽度方向上每间隔一定距离设置龙骨柱，用于承受垂直载荷；龙骨柱材料为2*4英寸的规格材或竹束单板层积材等竹木质结构材料，并用起钉枪将竹质内墙板与龙骨柱连接；
S6、在内墙体2的四边龙骨柱上开一定深度的榫槽，其尺寸与卡扣式石竹连接件相配合；
S7、内墙板2材涂刷清漆或木蜡油，提高耐水防潮、尺寸稳定性和光泽度；
S8、通过卡扣式石竹连接件3与石材外墙板1两边的公母榫槽、龙骨柱的榫槽无缝紧密连接，将所得石材外墙板与竹质内墙板形成统一的整体单元，得石竹复合墙体；石竹连接件的形状为三角形、矩形、圆形、丁字形或多边形，连接件材也选择铝合金、不锈钢或其他满足连接强度的塑料、竹木材料。
S9、在所得石竹复合墙体的靠近石材面设置防水透气膜6，增加构件的透气防水性能；
S10、根据墙体的力学设计要求，在所得的竹质内墙板中间放置横向的六棱竹筒柱体5，增加墙体的稳定性能，并在竹筒中间和墙体其余空隙地方填充竹材液化发泡材料4；
S11、采用玻璃胶对所得墙体连接件处、墙体与框架之间的微小空隙密封处理。
实施例3
S1、利用框架式大型自动加砂砂锯、多刀片双向切机、多刀片电脑控制花岗石切机或花岗石圆盘锯石机将天然石材切割加工成厚度为30-40mm的毛坯板，设定毛坯石板的基本宽度为1P、1.5P、2P，1P为基本模数为1220mm；高度可根据具体的建筑楼层高度来确定，基本高度模数以300mm为一个单元；
S2、采用自动多头连续研磨机和圆盘磨机对毛坯石板进行半细磨、细磨、精磨等打磨抛光处理，保证其厚度尺寸、平整度和光泽度；
S3、利用纵向横向多锯片切割机将抛光后的石材定型切割，平面尺寸为300mm*610mm；并通过特殊的凿切加工，在石材板面两侧形成与石竹连接件相配合的公母榫槽，石材外墙板1；
S4、选用竹集成材、竹地板、竹重材、竹材定向刨花板或其他木质人造板作为内墙板，内墙板的厚度为8-10mm，设定宽度为1P、1.5P、2P，1P为基本模数为1220mm；高度可根据具体的建筑楼层高度来确定，基本高度模数以300mm为一个单元；
S5、沿内墙板2宽度方向上每间隔一定距离设置龙骨柱，用于承受垂直载荷；龙骨柱材料为2*4英寸的规格材或竹束单板层积材等竹木质结构材料，并用起钉枪将竹质内墙板与龙骨柱连接；
S6、在内墙体2的四边龙骨柱上开一定深度的榫槽，其尺寸与卡扣式石竹连接件相配合；
S7、内墙板材涂刷清漆或木蜡油，提高耐水防潮、尺寸稳定性和光泽度；
S8、通过卡扣式石竹连接件3与石材外墙板1两边的公母榫槽、龙骨柱的榫槽无缝紧密连接，将所得石材外墙板与竹质内墙板形成统一的整体单元，得石竹复合墙体；石竹连接件的形状为三角形、矩形、圆形、丁字形或多边形，连接件材也选择铝合金、不锈钢或其他满足连接强度的塑料、竹木材料。
S9、在所得石竹复合墙体的靠近石材面设置防水透气膜6，增加构件的透气防水性能；
S10、根据墙体的力学设计要求，在所得的竹质内墙板中间放置纵向的六棱竹筒柱体5，增加墙体的稳定性能，并在竹筒中间和墙体其余空隙地方填充竹材液化发泡材料4；
S11、采用玻璃胶对所得墙体连接件处、墙体与框架之间的微小空隙密封处理。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种模块化集成石竹复合新型墙体构件的制造方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
S1、将天然石材切割加工成厚度为30-40mm的毛坯板，设定毛坯石板的基本宽度为1P、1.5P、2P，1P为基本模数为1220mm；高度可根据具体的建筑楼层高度来确定，基本高度模数以300mm为一个单元；
S2、对毛坯石板进行打磨抛光处理，保证其厚度尺寸、平整度和光泽度；
S3、将抛光后的石材定型切割，平面尺寸为300mm*610mm；并通过特殊的凿切加工，在石材板面两侧形成与石竹连接件相配合的公母榫槽；
S4、选用木质人造板作为内墙板，内墙板的厚度为8-10mm，设定宽度为1P、1.5P、2P，1P为基本模数为1220mm；高度可根据具体的建筑楼层高度来确定，基本高度模数以300mm为一个单元；
S5、沿内墙板宽度方向上每间隔一定距离设置龙骨柱，用于承受垂直载荷；
S6、在内墙体的四边龙骨柱上开一定深度的榫槽，其尺寸与卡扣式石竹连接件相配合；
S7、内墙板材涂刷清漆或木蜡油，提高耐水防潮、尺寸稳定性和光泽度；
S8、通过卡扣式石竹连接件与石材外墙板两边的公母榫槽、龙骨柱的榫槽无缝紧密连接，将所得石材外墙板与竹质内墙板形成统一的整体单元，得石竹复合墙体；
S9、在所得石竹复合墙体的靠近石材面设置防水透气膜，增加构件的透气防水性能；
S10、在所得的竹质内墙板中间注入竹纤维、淀粉木质素基可降解发泡材料或聚丙烯发泡材料，提高其保温隔热性能；或，根据墙体的力学设计要求，在所得的竹质内墙板中间放置纵向或横向的六棱竹筒柱体，增加墙体的稳定性能，并在竹筒中间和墙体其余空隙地方填充竹材液化发泡材料；
S11、采用玻璃胶对所得墙体连接件处、墙体与框架之间的微小空隙密封处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种模块化集成石竹复合新型墙体构件的制造方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S4中的木质人造板为竹集成材、竹地板、竹重材、竹材定向刨花板或其他木质人造板。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种模块化集成石竹复合新型墙体构件的制造方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S5中的龙骨柱材料为2*4英寸的竹木质结构材料，并用起钉枪将竹质内墙板与龙骨柱连接。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种模块化集成石竹复合新型墙体构件的制造方法，其特征在于，所述竹木质结构材料为规格材或竹束单板层积材。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种模块化集成石竹复合新型墙体构件的制造方法，其特征在于，所述石竹连接件的形状为三角形、矩形、圆形、丁字形或多边形。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种模块化集成石竹复合新型墙体构件的制造方法，其特征在于，所述石竹连接件的材质为铝合金、不锈钢或其他满足连接强度的塑料、竹木材料。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种模块化集成石竹复合新型墙体构件的制造方法，其特征在于，所述防水透气膜由PP纺粘无纺布、PE高分子透气膜和PP纺粘无纺布依次相连复合而成。
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| CN1951648A (zh) * | 2006-11-20 | 2007-04-25 | 黄茂景 | 火山岩粘合实木板 |
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| CN107665275A (zh) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-02-06 | 北京林业大学 | 一种自然式园林景观的设计方法和系统 |
| CN107665275B (zh) * | 2017-09-08 | 2020-10-16 | 北京林业大学 | 一种自然式园林景观的设计方法和系统 |
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