CN1058620A

CN1058620A - Use technology for smelting ferrosilicon by direct combustion of mirabilite

Info

Publication number: CN1058620A
Application number: CN 91104756
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯中一
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1991-07-14
Filing date: 1991-07-14
Publication date: 1992-02-12

Abstract

Of the present inventionly overcome traditional electrolytic process with technology for smelting ferrosilicon by direct combustion of mirabilite and produce ferrosilicon and multicomponent alloy, because of a large amount of power consumptions cause the production cost height, the drawback that facility investment is big has proposed usefulness saltcake (Na ₂SO ₄), quartz sand (SiO ₂), carbon (C) or with sodium silicate solid (Na ₂SiO ₃) be raw material, with metal or nonmetal proportioning such as iron, manganese, in special smelting furnace, the novel process that adopts direct combustion heating technique such as fire coal, fuel oil, combustion gas to facilitate the method for reaction to produce ferrosilicon and multicomponent alloy thereof, this technology all can reach the purpose of batch process in the simple machine that the neutralization of modernization industry equipment is got on the job with indigenous methods, have remarkable economical and social benefit.

Description

Use technology for smelting ferrosilicon by direct combustion of mirabilite

The novel production process that relates to ferrosilicon and multicomponent alloy thereof with technology for smelting ferrosilicon by direct combustion of mirabilite of the present invention.

At present, the production technique of industrial smelting duriron and multicomponent alloy thereof is the electrolysis for production method, be about to quartzite and iron filings and drop into by a certain percentage in the ferrosilicon electrolytic furnace, form through 1800 ℃ high-temperature electrolysis chemical combination, one ton of ferrosilicon finished product of every production current consumption is up to more than 4000 degree.This production process equipment investment is big, and current consumption is many, and industrial production can not be got on the job with indigenous methods greatly.

The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of with saltcake (Na ₂SO ₄) or water glass (Na ₂SiO ₃) be main raw material, be fuel with coal, heavy oil or Sweet natural gas, directly burning in special smelting furnace, reacting by heating, the novel process of generation ferrosilicon and multicomponent alloy thereof.

(number of patent application is patented technology " with the production technique of production of sodium silicate from mirabilite " that principle of the present invention is invented based on the applicant: 90100416.2), be to mix with saltcake, quartz sand and carbon, congruent melting under 1400 ℃ of high temperature can generate GB one class or two class sodium silicate solids; Water glass is the compound of sodium oxide and silicon-dioxide, contain silicon-dioxide 75～80%, contain sodium oxide 17%, the silicon-dioxide of melt generates Starso or is become silicon by carbon reduction under the effect of carbon and sodium oxide, the production practice of this patented technology have proved: fusing point is 1713 ℃ a silicon-dioxide, needs 1380 ℃ of i.e. fused material facts rapidly following of the effect of carbon.In view of the above, we can set about from the fusing point that reduces silicon-dioxide, Si reduction is come out, direct and iron chemical combination can generate ferrosilicon, need not to go fused silica with the high temperature of 1713 ℃ of electrolytic process generations, the temperature that only need be used in the special smelting furnace 1380 ℃ is that the melting fusing point is 1713 ℃ a silicon-dioxide, valuable point of the present invention that Here it is.Can be with smelting ferrosilicon by direct combustion of mirabilite and multicomponent alloy thereof under 1400 ℃ high temperature.

The test that reduces quartzy fusing point sees the following form:

The name of an article	Specification	Hardness	Fusing point	Join the fusing point behind the saltcake
					Xinjiang, nature ore deposit, Yuxian County, nature sand Henan, tridymite cubic meter of stone spar diamond stone Taihu Lake quartz mine	40 orders, 40 orders, 20 orders, 20 orders, 40 orders	7 grades 6.2 grades 5.5 grades 6 grades 7.2 grades	1713℃ 1700℃ 1690℃ 1700℃ 1780℃	1380℃ 1300℃ 1250℃ 1200℃ 1380℃

This table numeral shows: fusing point is 1713 ℃ a silicon-dioxide, under this technological experiment condition, and can fusion under 1380 ℃ of temperature condition.

On this basis, we once adopted saltcake to produce S with Xinjiang quartz sand _iO ₂Content is 77.5%, modulus is 4.2 water glass, and further uses the solid sodium sulfate of 4.2 moduluses by 70～No. 80 ferrosilicon batchings of GB, and reaction generates iron content 24% under 1400 ℃ of high temperature; Siliceous 72%; Contain a small amount of yellow soda ash (N _A2CO ₃) and " 75 " number silicon iron product of a small amount of sulfide.

Of the present invention with technology for smelting ferrosilicon by direct combustion of mirabilite with saltcake (Na ₂SO ₄), silicon-dioxide (SiO ₂), iron (Fe), charcoal (C), manganese material congruent meltings at high temperature such as (Mn) generates ferro-silicon, be based on material and at high temperature carry out redox reaction,, facilitate the transfer of material atom outermost electron to jump circuitous promptly with external force (temperature), thereby facilitate the change of element character, promptly produced new compound and simple substance; On production technique, be to adopt the direct combustion technology of coal to realize continual and steady high temperature.

As follows with the chemical equation of a step combustion method and water glass method smelting duriron and multicomponent alloy in smelting furnace:

One. the saltcake single stage method:

Two. the water glass method:

The reaction generative process more complicated of above-mentioned two prescription formulas, underdraw and be: heat stable material thenardite has oxidisability when altogether hot with carbon, sulfate radical is decomposed in high temperature and is reduced into metallic sulfide under certain condition, as carbon under the high temperature action of catalytic condition and 1420 ℃, sulfate radical is thoroughly decomposed is generated sulfur dioxide gas, and obtain sodium oxide, in same reaction process, sodium oxide acts on S _iO ₂Chemical combination is water glass melt thing, and further cracking under the carbon effect, acts on cationic iron (Fe simultaneously ₂), make itself and silication be combined into ferrosilicon and alloying element thereof.

Application example of the present invention is as follows:

Accompanying drawing is a reacting by heating smelting furnace accompanying drawing.

1. combustion chamber; 2. reaction chamber; 3. heat accumulation chamber; 4. accumulation of heat sulphur removal chamber, its reaction chamber furnace hearth is ellipse pond post.Its storage compartment's furnace hearth is round pond post.

Raise hot sulphur removal pond and underground flue, the water seal flue integrates the desulfurizing device into this stove, the gravity settling of Shi Xianing, steam filtration, hydrolysis etc. are to the treatment process of sulfur dioxide gas respectively.

Technical process of the present invention:

Batching → batch charging → reacting by heating → come out of the stove and the examination and test of products is dispatched from the factory

Batch charging after the batching and reacting by heating technology are finished in reaction chamber substantially, smelting multicomponent alloy as need can carry out in still keeping 1420 ℃ of pyritous storage compartments, promptly add the needed metallic element of alloy kind according to quantity according to the production demand, smelt in that heat accumulation is indoor, heat accumulation chamber material cylinder must keep 20 centimeters material levels, discharging at regular time and quantity after discharging, must clean out bin gate and stifled good discharge port.

Technology charge calculation of the present invention:

(1) can be about using saltcake and producing the water glass formula calculation with reference to patent application " using production of sodium silicate from mirabilite technology ".

(2) Na ₂SiO ₃Generation value batch of material amount is calculated:

1.Na ₂SiO ₃The generation value is expected=the total dosage of batch of material-(total dosage * 30(constant) in batches)/100

Example: 70Kg(Na ₂SiO ₃Growing amount)=100Kg-(100 * 30)/100=70Kg

2. water glass batch of material amount contains silica volume calculating:

The batch of material amount contains SiO ₂Total amount=Na ₂SiO ₃Batch of material amount * (SiO2 value * 2.5(constant in the modulus))/100

Example: table look-up or detect Na ₂SiO ₃Middle SiO ₂The % value is 28%

If Na ₂SiO ₃; Be 100Kg in batches

That is: SiO ₂Total amount=100Kg * (28 * 2.5)/100=70Kg

3. the iron dosage is calculated:

Example: batch of material iron dosage=(70Kg * 0.22)/78 * 100=19.74Kg

4. the carbon dosage is calculated:

Batch of material carbon amount=(iron dosage * carbon atom amount)/(iron atom amount * coke carbon content)=(19.7 * 12)/(56 * 0.82)=5.15Kg

Batch of material carbon amount=(Na ₂SiO ₃Amount * carbon atom amount)/(Na ₂SiO ₃Amount * carbon content)=(100Kg * 12)/(124 * 0.82)=11.8Kg(12Kg)

Total dosage=the 5.51Kg+11.8Kg=16.95Kg of carbon

Attached: it is actual feeding quantity that above-listed various material dosage must add constant side.

This technology is to the selection of fuel:

The present invention adopts directly burning to heat to provide heat to production, to ensure that temperature of reaction continually and steadily more than 1420 ℃, therefore requires:

1.7000 the industrial coal of kilocalorie/hour kilogram, fugitive constituent is more than 20%, and sulphur content is no more than 1%;

2. also can adopt heavy oil spray combustion or inflammable gas is fuel.

Five. the similar ball multiple arch of the special-purpose type of furnace of the present invention formula stove, divided combustion chamber, reaction chamber, storage compartment, accumulation of heat sulphur removal chamber four major parts, wherein top, reaction chamber chamber is dome-shaped, and locular wall is an elliptical cylinder-shape, and charging opening is established on its top, automatic discharging hopper, electric bicycle, charging opening is established on its top, heat accumulation chamber, and its locular wall is cylindrical, whole body of heater must adopt the first-class high alumina of GB, magnesium, chromium and corundum refractory, and brick type and specification are pressed the design paper processing and fabricating.

This technology and traditional silicon process for making iron specific energy mutually significantly improve economic benefit and social benefit.

Claims

1, a kind of technology for smelting ferrosilicon by direct combustion of mirabilite of using adopts saltcake (NaSO ₄), quartz sand (SiO ₂) for raw material or directly to adopt sodium silicate solid be raw material with metal such as iron, manganese or nonmetal in special smelting furnace high-temperature fusion production ferrosilicon and multicomponent alloy, it is characterized in that in ball-type multiple arch formula smelting furnace, adopt directly combustion heating technique such as fire coal, fuel oil, combustion gas, make in the stove lasting and stably remain on 1420 ℃～1430 ℃ temperature of reaction; Main content is at the GB product thenardite (Na more than 95% ₂SO ₄), fineness requirement reaches 40 orders, SiO ₂Content is at the quartz sand more than 98%, and fixed carbon content is 75～85%, and sulphur content is no more than 1% coke, blue carbon, hard coal and meets the sodium silicate solid (Na of GB quality ₂SiO ₃), the main content of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), aluminium (Al) all should be more than 95%; The thermal value of the industrial standards coal that acts as a fuel is 7000 kilocalories/kilogram hours, and fugitive constituent is more than 20%, and also can adopt heavy oil or natural gas of industry is fuel type, accumulation of heat sulphur removal chamber is set, desulfurizing devices such as gravity settling chamber in its special smelting furnace.

2, the technology for smelting ferrosilicon by direct combustion of mirabilite of using as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described smelting furnace divided combustion chamber, reaction chamber, heat accumulation chamber and accumulation of heat sulphur removal chamber;

3, as claim 1 and the described smelting furnace of claim 2, it is characterized in that its reaction chamber furnace hearth is elliptical cylinder-shape, its cylindrical pond of storage compartment's furnace hearth with technology for smelting ferrosilicon by direct combustion of mirabilite;

4, the technology for smelting ferrosilicon by direct combustion of mirabilite of using as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that raw material can adopt one step of saltcake smelting duriron and multicomponent alloy, also can adopt direct smelting duriron of water glass and alloy thereof;

5, the technology for smelting ferrosilicon by direct combustion of mirabilite of using as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that being calculated as follows of relevant batching:

A.Na2SiO ₃The generation value is expected=the total dosage of batch of material-(total dosage * 30(constant) in batches)/100

B. the batch of material amount contains SiO ₂Total amount=Na ₂SiO ₃Batch of material amount * (SiO in the modulus ₂Value * 2.5 (constants))/100

D. batch of material carbon dosage=(iron dosage * carbon atom amount)/(iron atom amount * coke carbon content)+(Na2SiO3 amount * carbon atom amount)/(Na2SiO3 amount * carbon content)

6, the technology for smelting ferrosilicon by direct combustion of mirabilite of using as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that selecting for use thermal value is 7000 kcal/kg hour, and fugitive constituent is more than 20%, and sulphur content is no more than 1% industrial coal.