CN105854601A - Integrated device for conducting desulfurization and denitrification on marine diesel engine tail gas - Google Patents

Integrated device for conducting desulfurization and denitrification on marine diesel engine tail gas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105854601A
CN105854601A CN201610293190.XA CN201610293190A CN105854601A CN 105854601 A CN105854601 A CN 105854601A CN 201610293190 A CN201610293190 A CN 201610293190A CN 105854601 A CN105854601 A CN 105854601A
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tail gas
plasma
diesel engine
dielectric layer
plasma generator
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CN105854601B (en
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朱元清
席鸿远
周松
周金喜
王占广
刘佃涛
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Harbin Engineering University
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Harbin Engineering University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/60Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05CNITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C3/00Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00Reactants
    • B01D2251/10Oxidants
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/01Engine exhaust gases
    • B01D2258/012Diesel engines and lean burn gasoline engines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/12Methods and means for introducing reactants
    • B01D2259/122Gaseous reactants
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/45Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications
    • B01D2259/4566Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for use in transportation means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/80Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
    • B01D2259/818Employing electrical discharges or the generation of a plasma

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention aims at providing an integrated device for conducting desulfurization and denitrification on marine diesel engine tail gas. The device comprises a plasma generator, a power supplying device, a high voltage electricity generator, a dry type dust collector, granulation equipment and ammonia supplying equipment, the plasma generator is provided with a tail gas inlet, a tail gas outlet and an ammonia inlet, an exhaust pipe of a marine diesel engine is connected with the tail gas inlet, the tail gas outlet is connected with the dry type dust collector, the dry type dust collector is connected with the granulation equipment and the atmosphere, the power supplying device is connected with the high voltage electricity generator, and the high voltage electricity generator is connected with the plasma generator. By means of the desulfurization and denitrification integrated device, the occupied land area is reduced, efficiency of a discharging power source is improved, the plasma generation area is increased, the acting time of tail gas and plasmas is prolonged, treatment efficiency is improved, and meanwhile the flow velocity and temperature of the tail gas are also controlled to a certain extent.

Description

A kind of boat diesel engine tail gas desulfurization denitrification integrated device
Technical field
The present invention relates to the exhaust gas processing device of a kind of boat diesel engine, specifically boat diesel engine.
Background technology
The fuel oil of heavy is the popular fuel of marine diesel, and in its tail gas, main pernicious gas composition is NOx (predominantly NO) and SOx (predominantly SO2), easily cause acid rain and photochemical fog, be detrimental to health And environment.To this end, International Maritime Organization has formulated a series of anti-pollution convention, it is harmful in ship tail gas Discharge is divided strictly to limit.Meanwhile, various countries are also in active development ship tail gas processing means, in tail gas NOx and SOx process.
Current ship tail gas single treatment method existence is as big in initial investment, floor space is big, system administration is multiple Miscellaneous, the problem such as equipment is perishable, catalyst leakage and marine site Effects of Salinity.Therefore, exploitation is applicable to ship Vessel exhaust desulfurization and denitrification integral technology becomes the focus of Recent study.At existing desulfurization and denitrification integral In method, plasma technique is a kind of tail gas clean-up technology with researching value.
Patent " the method for plasma integration desulfurization denitration dedusting in Application No. 201310472661.X And device " in propose a kind of can the integral treatment method of simultaneous SO_2 and NO removal dedusting.The method utilizes Plasma method carries out oxidation processes to NO and SO2 in boiler smoke, generates HNO3 and H2SO4, with After be passed through ammonia generate recyclable ammonium salt.Wherein plasma generator internal electrode uses netted chi structure, Owing to the exhaust gas component of marine diesel is complicated, the also material such as NOx, SOx and greasy dirt, this structure for For the marine diesel oil tail gas of complicated component, treatment effect is the best, can shorten electrode life.Deng from It is little that daughter produces space, and density is relatively low, is not sufficiently stable.Meanwhile, the plasma generator of through type Being not suitable for processing flow velocity tail gas faster, tail gas so can be made to reduce with the action of plasma time, effect is not Fully.Additionally, the plasma produced in this structure is affected by othermohygrometer, it is unsuitable for the complexity of boats and ships Operating mode.
Application No. 201020551859.9 patent " a kind of marine vessel exhaust integration desulfurization denitration Device " and the patent of Application No. 201010299518.1 " a kind of for marine vessel exhaust integrated desulfurization The method of denitration " the middle one that proposes is by plasma generator, and seawer washing tower is that the desulfurization of key facility takes off Nitre integral method and device.The method added tail gas before tail gas enters low-temperature plasma generator Heat sink, adds energy consumption, makes equipment investment increase.Should prevent according to IMO regulation washings processing system Only the discharge of nitrate exceedes in scavenging the nitrate amount corresponding to 12%NOx or 60mg/L, and discharge is washed Wash the pH value of water not less than 6.5.The method utilizes seawer washing tower to remove the nitric acid and sulfuric acid generated, and is formed Nitrate and the in line sea of sulfate pollute, containing the nitric acid thoroughly do not removed in the cleaning solution of eliminating Solution is made to be that acidity pollutes too with sulfuric acid.Additionally, seawer washing absorbs the discharge of NOx and SOx By temperature limiting, being difficult in adapt to for the complex working condition in ship running, treatment effect is limited.
In sum, the method for current existing process ship tail gas also exists various deficiency, Develop a kind of economical and effective and be suitable for the method simultaneously processing the harmful substances such as NOx and SOx under any operating mode And device, it is the important research direction of ship tail gas Treatment process.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide can process simultaneously NOx and SOx a kind of marine diesel tail gas take off Sulphur denitrification integrated device.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
One boat diesel engine tail gas desulfurization denitrification integrated device of the present invention, is characterized in that: include plasma Body generator, electric supply installation, high-tension electricity maker, dry dust collector, Granulation Equipments, ammonia supply equipment, etc. Gas inlet, offgas outlet and ammonia entrance, the blast pipe of boat diesel engine are set on plasma generator Connecting gas inlet, offgas outlet connects dry dust collector, and dry dust collector connects Granulation Equipments respectively with big Gas, electric supply installation connects high-tension electricity maker, and high-tension electricity maker connects plasma generator.
The present invention can also include
1, described plasma generator includes external electrode, dielectric layer, internal high pressure electrode, described Jie Matter layer is the U-shaped tubular structure of hollow, and internal high pressure electrode is arranged on inside dielectric layer, internal high pressure electrode Being fixed by stabilization ring with dielectric layer, external electrode is wrapped on dielectric layer outer wall, and gas inlet is arranged on Jie One end of matter layer, offgas outlet is arranged on another end of dielectric layer, and ammonia entrance is arranged on medium The turning of the U-shaped tubular structure of layer, external electrode and internal high pressure electrode connect high-tension electricity maker respectively.
2, described plasma generator is that coaxial clyinder tubular structure, i.e. external electrode and inside are high Piezoelectricity pole is the U-shape structure consistent with dielectric layer shape, and the two is coaxial with dielectric layer.
Present invention have an advantage that
1, the present invention uses the device of a kind of plasma tail gas desulfurization denitrification integral to marine diesel tail gas Directly process.Produce large area plasma by dielectric barrier discharge technology SO2 and NO is entered simultaneously Row processes.Institute of the present invention using plasma generation technique have be suitable to chemical reaction, discharge process be prone to control System, capacity usage ratio are high, can be applied to ship tail gas under atmospheric low-temperature environment and other complex working conditions processes Etc. advantage and good for simultaneous SO_2 and NO removal treatment effect.
2, plasma generator indoor design used in the present invention is different from traditional design, utilizes shell and tube to join Logical arrangement mode, this patent the most two is classified as example and is introduced.It is raw that this layout type improves plasma Becoming area and generate quantity, making the time lengthening of NO and SO2 in action of plasma flue gas, active area adds Greatly, control tail gas flow velocity simultaneously.
3, the present invention is at tail gas after plasma treatment, is passed through ammonia, and end product is ammonium salt, Can serve as chemical fertilizer, it is to avoid secondary pollution, the added value of product ammonia fertilizer is high, has an obvious economic benefit, Consumed energy needed for consumed energy is less than other equipment such as seawer washing equipment needed for ammonia supply equipment, meets IMO Middle regulation.
4, while the present invention can remove NOx and SOx in ship tail gas at the same time, to consolidating in tail gas Body particle (such as PM) also has certain treatment effect.
5, the present invention is without adding the equipment such as tail gas cooling, humidification, therefore invest little, floor space is little.Oxygen The features such as nitric acid and sulfuric acid treatment after change are effective, technological process is simple, save boats and ships space.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 a is the plasma generator structure schematic diagram of the present invention, and Fig. 2 b is the sectional view of Fig. 2 a.
Detailed description of the invention
Illustrate below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the present invention be described in more detail:
In conjunction with Fig. 1~2, the present invention utilizes ship power supply device to provide the electric energy for producing plasma, changes Become the layout type of original plasma generator, use coaxial clyinder shell and tube dielectric barrier discharge etc. from Daughter generator generates plasma.Dielectric barrier discharge just can produce large space under normal pressure and lower temperature Highdensity plasma, it is adaptable to the complex working conditions such as ship's navigation.Plasma the most of the present invention occurs Device internal electrode uses shell and tube arrangement mode, increases machining area and plasma generating space, increases Active group quantity, extends and tail gas action time, makes NO and SO2 oxidation in tail gas abundant.Lead to subsequently Enter ammonia, react the available ammonium salt of generation with HNO3 and H2SO4 generated, it is to avoid produce vent gas treatment refuse, Cause secondary pollution, reach to remove the purpose of NOx and SOx in marine diesel tail gas simultaneously.
The present invention provides the technical scheme of NOx and SOx in removal ship tail gas as follows:
(1) tail gas produced by boat diesel engine passes through plasma generator so that produces in tail gas and includes High energy electron, charged ion, neutral particle and the plasma of free radical isoreactivity particle.
The layout type of plasma generator is the arrangement of coaxial clyinder shell and tube, and this patent two is classified as example, Plasma generator structure includes high-field electrode, dielectric layer and the outer electrode of centre, overall outer layer Coated insulation dielectric layer.Electric supply installation provides AC power, produces high-tension electricity after high-voltage generator transformation. Plasma generator high-field electrode, extraneous electrode are connected with high-voltage generator and constitute complete plasma and tie Structure.
(2) O2, H2O molecular action in plasma and tail gas, generate have the H of strong oxidizing property, O, OH, O3 active particle, there is oxidation reaction in SO2 and NO2 in tail gas under the effect of active particle, raw Become HNO3 and H2SO4 of high price.
(3) being passed through ammonia to plasma generator, ammonia reacts with high price HNO3 and H2SO4 in flue gas Generate charged ammonium salt particle.
(4) charged ammonium salt particle is collected by dry dust collector, and the tail gas after purification is discharged by pipeline.
(5) the ammonium salt particle adsorbed forms ammonium salt reclamation by Granulation Equipments and utilizes.
(1) the applying voltage in makes supply voltage raise after being processed by high-voltage generator by electric supply installation, Meet and produce isoionic voltage requirements.
(3) in, the intake of ammonia is: Q1=(2C1 η 1+C2 η 2) Q2 wherein Q1 and Q2 is respectively NH3 and the intake of flue gas, η 1 and η 2 is respectively SO2 removal efficiency and NO removal efficiency, C1 and C2 Represent the volumetric concentration of SO2 and NO in flue gas respectively.
The chemical reaction process of the present invention is as follows:
1, flue gas desulfurization course
OH+SO2→HSO3
OH+HSO3→H2SO4
O+SO2→SO3
SO3+H2O→H2SO4
2, denitrating flue gas process
OH+NO→HNO2
O+HNO2→HNO3
O+NO→NO2
OH+NO2→HNO3
3, accessory substance ammonium salt generates
NH3+HNO3→NH4NO3
NH3+H2SO4→(NH4)2SO4
In main pernicious gas composition in marine diesel tail gas, NO and SO2 accounts for main body, so master of the present invention SO2 and NO in flue gas to be processed.
Fig. 1 is the ship tail gas plasma desulfuration denitrification integral schematic diagram of the present invention.Ship Power Equipment I.e. boat diesel engine 1 produces waste gas and is entered in plasma generator 4 by gas inlet 9 via pipeline. Electric supply installation 2 produces the electric energy required for plasma generator.Alternating voltage is through high-tension electricity maker 3 Produce high voltage and current, act on the high-field electrode 8 within plasma generator 4 and external electrode 11, Low temperature plasma is generated in region of discharge 16.
After low temperature plasma generates in region of discharge 16, give off O2, H2O in tail gas with diesel engine 1 Molecular action, generates H, O, OH, O3 isoreactivity particle with strong oxidizing property, NO and SO2 in tail gas HNO3 and H2SO4 is generated with the reaction of these active particles.By ammonia supply equipment 5 to plasma generator Internal input ammonia, ammonia is entered in plasma generator 4 by entrance 10, in region of discharge 16 with HNO3 and H2SO4 generates NH4NO3 and (NH4) 2SO4.Subsequently, reaction product matter is by offgas outlet 14 It is discharged in dry dust collector 6.Two kinds of ammonium salts are absorbed into Granulation Equipments 7 life via dry dust collector 6 Becoming recoverable ammonia fertilizer, after process, tail gas is discharged with pipeline.
Ammonia intake of the present invention is: Q1=(2C1 η 1+C2 η 2) Q2 wherein Q1 and Q2 is respectively NH3 With the intake of flue gas, η 1 and η 2 is respectively SO2 removal efficiency and NO removal efficiency, C1 and C2 divides Biao Shi the volumetric concentration of SO2 and NO in flue gas.
The flue gas that boat diesel engine is discharged when using heavy oil, mainly becomes SO2 and NO and fraction solids Grains etc., by plasma generator, the plasma body weight of generation contains substantial amounts of high energy electron, and these are high The oxidisability active particles such as a large amount of H, O, OH, O3 can be produced by electronic action in O2 and H2O.SO2 and NO Effect at these oxidisability active particles issues biochemical reaction, generates oxysulfide and the nitrogen oxygen of high-valence state Compound.Meanwhile, be combined with the ammonia being passed through, generate corresponding ammonium salt, set through retracting device and granulation Standby being recycled into can the ammonium salt that utilizes of secondary, it is achieved the purpose of boat diesel engine tail gas desulfurization denitrification integral.This Invention uses desulfurization and denitrification integral technology to save equipment investment, reduces floor space, less power supply Quantity, the discharge power supply efficiency of raising, reduce energy consumption.Meanwhile, in plasma generator of the present invention Portion is designed with coaxial clyinder shell and tube arrangement mode (as a example by two column), improves plasma and generates Area, adds the action time of tail gas and plasma, to tail gas flow velocity while improving treatment effeciency And temperature also has certain control.
The present invention utilizes lower temperature plasma technology to process marine diesel tail gas.Marine diesel tail Gas is after plasma generator processes, and in tail gas, NO and SO2 is oxidized to high-valence state HNO3 and H2SO4, The corresponding recyclable ammonium salt of generation is reacted subsequently with the ammonia being passed through.Reach the NO in marine diesel tail gas Carry out the purpose that processes with SO2 simultaneously.
Plasma generator uses coaxial clyinder dielectric barrier discharge plasma generator.Plasma Generator be shell and tube arrangement, improve plasma generate area and generate quantity, add tail gas with etc. The action time of gas ions, while improving treatment effeciency, tail gas flow velocity and temperature also there is certain control. Meanwhile, the method is applicable to the complex working condition such as normal pressure, humidity.
While the present invention can remove NOx and SOx in ship tail gas at the same time, to the solid in tail gas Particle (such as PM) also has certain treatment effect.
Ammonia reacts, through dry dust collector with HNO3 and H2SO4 generated through plasma generator oxidation Form ammonia fertilizer with Granulation Equipments, can recycle, it is to avoid secondary pollution.
The features such as present device investment is little, floor space is little, high treating effect, technological process are simple, joint Save boats and ships space.

Claims (3)

1. a boat diesel engine tail gas desulfurization denitrification integrated device, is characterized in that: include that plasma is sent out Raw device, electric supply installation, high-tension electricity maker, dry dust collector, Granulation Equipments, ammonia supply equipment, plasma Arranging gas inlet, offgas outlet and ammonia entrance on body generator, the blast pipe of boat diesel engine connects Gas inlet, offgas outlet connects dry dust collector, and dry dust collector connects Granulation Equipments and air respectively, Electric supply installation connects high-tension electricity maker, and high-tension electricity maker connects plasma generator.
A kind of boat diesel engine tail gas desulfurization denitrification integrated device the most according to claim 1, it is special Levy and be: described plasma generator includes external electrode, dielectric layer, internal high pressure electrode, described Jie Matter layer is the U-shaped tubular structure of hollow, and internal high pressure electrode is arranged on inside dielectric layer, internal high pressure electrode Being fixed by stabilization ring with dielectric layer, external electrode is wrapped on dielectric layer outer wall, and gas inlet is arranged on Jie One end of matter layer, offgas outlet is arranged on another end of dielectric layer, and ammonia entrance is arranged on medium The turning of the U-shaped tubular structure of layer, external electrode and internal high pressure electrode connect high-tension electricity maker respectively.
A kind of boat diesel engine tail gas desulfurization denitrification integrated device the most according to claim 2, it is special Levy and be: described plasma generator is that coaxial clyinder tubular structure, i.e. external electrode and inside are high Piezoelectricity pole is the U-shape structure consistent with dielectric layer shape, and the two is coaxial with dielectric layer.
CN201610293190.XA 2016-05-05 2016-05-05 A kind of boat diesel engine tail gas desulfurization denitrification integrated device Active CN105854601B (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106621730A (en) * 2016-12-19 2017-05-10 上海环境集团有限公司 Low-temperature flue gas purifying method
CN107138045A (en) * 2017-06-12 2017-09-08 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 Marine exhaust processing unit for removing sulfur and nitrogen oxides simultaneously
CN107433132A (en) * 2017-09-06 2017-12-05 哈尔滨工程大学 A kind of boat diesel engine tail gas nitrogen oxide removing means and removal methods
CN109603448A (en) * 2018-11-13 2019-04-12 上海离原环境科技有限公司 A kind of ship tail gas plasma desulfuration denitrating system and system
CN110115916A (en) * 2019-01-30 2019-08-13 浙江大维高新技术股份有限公司 The tapping equipment and technique of gas boiler flue gas

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CN103566722A (en) * 2013-10-11 2014-02-12 北京睿昱达科技有限公司 Method and device for integrally desulfurizing, denitrating and dust-removing by plasma
CN105050304A (en) * 2015-08-14 2015-11-11 山东电力工程咨询院有限公司 U-shaped plate type dielectric-barrier-discharge-based low-temperature plasma reactor and reactive system
CN205700153U (en) * 2016-05-05 2016-11-23 哈尔滨工程大学 A kind of boat diesel engine tail gas desulfurization denitrification integrated device

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102371888A (en) * 2011-06-24 2012-03-14 北京大学 Vehicle-mounted plasma generator for purifying nitric oxide in vehicle tail gas
CN103566722A (en) * 2013-10-11 2014-02-12 北京睿昱达科技有限公司 Method and device for integrally desulfurizing, denitrating and dust-removing by plasma
CN105050304A (en) * 2015-08-14 2015-11-11 山东电力工程咨询院有限公司 U-shaped plate type dielectric-barrier-discharge-based low-temperature plasma reactor and reactive system
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106621730A (en) * 2016-12-19 2017-05-10 上海环境集团有限公司 Low-temperature flue gas purifying method
CN107138045A (en) * 2017-06-12 2017-09-08 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 Marine exhaust processing unit for removing sulfur and nitrogen oxides simultaneously
CN107433132A (en) * 2017-09-06 2017-12-05 哈尔滨工程大学 A kind of boat diesel engine tail gas nitrogen oxide removing means and removal methods
CN107433132B (en) * 2017-09-06 2020-09-25 哈尔滨工程大学 Device and method for removing nitrogen oxides in tail gas of marine diesel engine
CN109603448A (en) * 2018-11-13 2019-04-12 上海离原环境科技有限公司 A kind of ship tail gas plasma desulfuration denitrating system and system
CN110115916A (en) * 2019-01-30 2019-08-13 浙江大维高新技术股份有限公司 The tapping equipment and technique of gas boiler flue gas

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