CN105846467B - The micro-grid load of meter and stimulable type demand response cuts down control method - Google Patents
The micro-grid load of meter and stimulable type demand response cuts down control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105846467B CN105846467B CN201610322638.6A CN201610322638A CN105846467B CN 105846467 B CN105846467 B CN 105846467B CN 201610322638 A CN201610322638 A CN 201610322638A CN 105846467 B CN105846467 B CN 105846467B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/388—Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
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Abstract
The present invention provide it is a kind of meter and stimulable type demand response micro-grid load cut down control method, include the following steps：First, to dispatch the grid side economic load dispatching model that the minimum target of cost establishes stimulable type demand response；Secondly, user side response model is established with the minimum target of user's economic loss；Further, micro-capacitance sensor current operating conditions are obtained, dispatching of power netwoks model and customer response model are solved；Finally, stimulable type demand response or direct cutting load are judged whether to according to solving result.Load proposed by the present invention cuts down control method, Demand-side resource as micro-capacitance sensor distributed power generation and the substitutable resources of energy storage and can be used, micro-capacitance sensor investment and operating cost are reduced, load frequency of power cut and power off time are reduced, improves micro-capacitance sensor power supply reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the loads of Operation of Electric Systems to cut down control technology field, more particularly to a kind of meter and stimulable type need
The micro-grid load of response is asked to cut down control method.
Background technology
With distribution type renewable energy and the fast development of energy storage, Demand Side Response and virtual plant have become by intelligence
Key factor of the power grid to energy internet development.Intelligent grid emphasizes that user is actively engaged in the operational management of power grid, realizes electricity
The flexible two-way interaction of electric energy and information between net and user.Important component of the Demand Side Response as intelligent grid, energy
It enough responds electricity price signal or incentive mechanism and adjusts with power mode, realize the peak load shifting of power grid and promote disappearing for distributed generation resource
It receives.Meanwhile Demand Side Response can be subject to as a kind of virtual controllable resources using Demand-side as the substitutable resources at power generation end
It utilizes, is an important realization rate of virtual plant.
Stimulable type demand response is on the hazard in power system capacity shortage or reliability by signing a contract with user
When, it guides user to adjust power mode with economic incentives, reduces the load of the period, the supply and demand to ensure electric system is flat
Weighing apparatus.
When breaking down outside micro-capacitance sensor, micro-capacitance sensor is carried out internal load and external fault system by intelligent switch
Electrical isolation switchs to islet operation pattern, is powered for micro-grid load by distributed generation resource and energy storage.Isolated island type micro-capacitance sensor
Power-off condition depends on internal power supply and demand balance.When distributed generation resource and energy storage undercapacity, progress load is needed to cut
Subtract.Traditional load cuts down strategy and only considers cutting load, without reference to stimulable type demand response.And distributed generation resource and energy storage skill
Ripe application of the art in micro-capacitance sensor, the load reduction that micro-capacitance sensor is participated in for stimulable type demand response provide time basis.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome deficiency in the prior art, provide it is a kind of meter and stimulable type demand response micro- electricity
Net load cuts down control method, is used Demand Side Response as the substitutable resources of Generation Side, reduces the investment of power grid
And operating cost, frequency of power cut and the time of load are reduced, the power supply reliability of micro-capacitance sensor is improved.
The present invention proposes that the micro-grid load of a kind of meter and stimulable type demand response cuts down control method, including following step
Suddenly：
1) the current distributed generation resource gross output P of micro-capacitance sensor is obtainedG, energy storage output power PS, energy storage residue can utilize it is small
When number TSAnd total load amount PL；
2) to dispatch the grid side economic load dispatching model that the minimum target of cost establishes stimulable type demand response；
3) user side response model is established with the minimum target of user's economic loss；
4) judge whether to have ready conditions and execute stimulable type demand response, if so, solving grid side scheduling with linear programming method
Model, and by load that each demand response user acquired should cut down and cut down the time and send user to, if it is not, going to step
6)；
5) customer response model is solved with QUADRATIC PROGRAMMING METHOD FOR, judges that customer charge cuts down whether total amount reaches requirement, if
Reach, then without cutting load, if it is not, then executing next step；
6) cutting load, the scarce load P of institute are carried out according to scarce load in micro-capacitance sensorQCalculating formula is PQ=PL-PG。
The micro-grid load of above-mentioned meter and stimulable type demand response is cut down in control method, and the stimulable type demand is rung
The grid side economic load dispatching model answered is：
Object function：
Constraints：
In formula：C indicates scheduling cost；MinC indicates that the target of model is to keep scheduling cost C minimum；N expressions can be interrupted negative
The total quantity of lotus and urgent need response user；I indicates the serial number of user, and the value range of i is 1~n；EiIndicate user i's
Compensate electricity price；ΔPiIndicate the load reduction of user i；At the time of t indicates that demand response starts；P (t) indicates response moment t
Electricity price；αiIndicate the electricity charge discount rate of user i；Pi(t) indicate user i in the practical electric power for responding moment t；tiIt indicates
The load of user i cuts down the time；ΔPsExpression system needs the total load amount cut down；tri,maxIt is signed an agreement middle rule by user i
It is fixed from receive response signal to complete load cut down needed for maximum duration；TrFor micro-capacitance sensor require from sending out response signal
The time that load is cut down is completed to user；T is that the load of system requirements cuts down the time；N is all interruptible loads and promptly needs
Seek the set of response user；λmax,iBy user i sign an agreement specified in load maximum cut down ratio；siFor the user i years
Spend the number of demand response；Si,maxMost big year response times specified in the agreement signed by user i.
In above-mentioned constraints, formula (2) constrains for load reduction；Formula (3) constrains for response speed；Formula (4) is response
Duration constrains；Formula (5) constrains for reduction ratio；Formula (6) constrains for response times.
The micro-grid load of above-mentioned meter and stimulable type demand response cuts down control method, the user side response model
For：
Object function：
MinL=C1+C2+ F-R (7),
C1=(K1ΔP2+K2ΔP-K2ΔPu)tdr(8),
C2=α p (t) (P (t)-Δ P) tdr(9),
Constraints：
0≤Δ P≤P (t) (12),
tr≤tr,max(14),
In above-mentioned formula：L is the total economic loss of user；C1The cost of response is executed for user；C2For user in the response period
The electricity charge；F is not respond punishment；R is response income；K1And K2For constant coefficient；Δ P is the load reduction of user；U is (0,1) area
Interior random value；tdrFor the duration of user's reduction plans；α is the electricity charge discount rate of user；P (t) is user in response moment t
Practical electric power；ΔPnLoad reduction is required for Utilities Electric Co.；pfTo punish electricity price；E is compensation electricity price；trFor user
From response signal is received the time used is cut down to load is completed；tr,maxBy user sign an agreement specified in from receive response
Signal cuts down required maximum duration to load is completed.
Formula (8) is response cost equation, and quantificational description is carried out using quadratic function, and u is the random value in (0,1) section,
It indicates that user executes the subjectivity and uncertainty of response with it, distinguishes the power failure cost of different type user；Formula (9) is response
It is 1 that electricity charge equation in period, wherein urgent need, which respond demand charge discount,；Formula (10) does not respond punishment equation, if user
Load reduction reaches Utilities Electric Co. and requires the electricity cut down then impunity, is otherwise punished by corresponding difference electricity,
Middle urgent need response user does not punish；Formula (11) is response income equation, and the electricity that user is compensated is not more than electric power
Company requires the electricity cut down；Formula (12) is to cut down Constraint, indicates practical electrical power of cutting down no more than before user response
Power；Formula (13) constrains for interruptible load demand charge discount, indicates to reach Utilities Electric Co. when the practical reduction plans amount of user
It is required that when just have electricity charge discount；Formula (14) constrains for response speed.
The micro-capacitance sensor island mode load of above-mentioned meter and stimulable type demand response is cut down in strategy, and described executes excitation
The condition of type demand response is：
trs<TSAnd Δ Pmax>PL-PG(15),
In formula：trsFor all stimulable type demand response users of micro-capacitance sensor from receive response signal to complete load cut down used in
Average time；ΔPmaxResponding user's maximum for all stimulable types of micro-capacitance sensor can reduction plans amount.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) it guides user to adjust power mode by stimulable type demand response, reduces load when micro-capacitance sensor islet operation
Vacancy reduces investment and the operating cost of electric system to reduce the configuration capacity of distributed generation resource and energy storage in micro-capacitance sensor；
(2) one of the step of stimulable type demand response being cut down control method as micro-capacitance sensor island mode load, can
The frequency of power cut and power off time for reducing micro-capacitance sensor internal loading, improve the power supply reliability of micro-capacitance sensor.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the micro-grid load reduction control method of meter and stimulable type demand response.
Fig. 2 is the electric network model schematic diagram of specific embodiment.
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation of the present invention is described further below in conjunction with attached drawing and example.
Fig. 1 reflects the detailed process of the micro-grid load reduction control method of meter and stimulable type demand response, including such as
Lower step：
1) data initialization enables t=0；
2) distributed generation resource gross capability P inside t moment micro-capacitance sensor is obtainedG, total load amount PL, energy storage maximum output PSAnd storage
Energy residue can utilize hourage TSIf PG+PS>PL, carry out in next step, if it is not, then going to step 8)；
If 3) PG<PL, carry out in next step, if it is not, then going to step 7)；
4) the peak load reduction Δ P of all stimulable type demand response users is calculatedmaxWith the average time needed for response
trsIf trs<TSAnd Δ Pmax>PL-PG, then carry out in next step, if it is not, going to step 7)；
5) it calculates micro-capacitance sensor and lacks load PQ=PL-PG, the grid side of stimulable type demand response is solved with linear programming method
Economic load dispatching model show that each exciter response user's answers reduction Δ PiAnd cut down time ti, and send result to use
The economic load dispatching model at family, wherein grid side is as follows：
Object function：
Constraints：
In formula：C indicates scheduling cost；MinC indicates that the target of model is to keep scheduling cost C minimum；N expressions can be interrupted negative
The total quantity of lotus and urgent need response user；I indicates the serial number of user, and the value range of i is 1~n；EiIndicate user i's
Compensate electricity price；ΔPiIndicate the load reduction of user i；At the time of t indicates that demand response starts；P (t) indicates response moment t
Electricity price；αiIndicate the electricity charge discount rate of user i；Pi(t) indicate user i in the practical electric power for responding moment t；tiIt indicates
The load of user i cuts down the time；ΔPsExpression system needs the total load amount cut down；tri,maxIt is signed an agreement middle rule by user i
It is fixed from receive response signal to complete load cut down needed for maximum duration；TrFor micro-capacitance sensor require from sending out response signal
The time that load is cut down is completed to user；T is that the load of system requirements cuts down the time；N is all interruptible loads and promptly needs
Seek the set of response user；λmax,iBy user i sign an agreement specified in load maximum cut down ratio；siFor the user i years
Spend the number of demand response；Si,maxMost big year response times specified in the agreement signed by user i.
6) customer response model is solved with QUADRATIC PROGRAMMING METHOD FOR, obtains the practical reduction plans amount Δ P of each useraiIfIt then carries out in next step, if it is not, then going to step 8), wherein customer response model is as follows：
Object function：
MinL=C1+C2+ F-R (7),
C1=(K1ΔP2+K2ΔP-K2ΔPu)tdr(8),
C2=α p (t) (P (t)-Δ P) tdr(9),
Constraints：
0≤Δ P≤P (t) (12),
tr≤tr,max(14),
In above-mentioned formula：L is the total economic loss of user；C1The cost of response is executed for user；C2For user in the response period
The electricity charge；F is not respond punishment；R is response income；K1And K2For constant coefficient；Δ P is the load reduction of user；U is (0,1) area
Interior random value；tdrFor the duration of user's reduction plans；α is the electricity charge discount rate of user；P (t) is user in response moment t
Practical electric power；ΔPnLoad reduction is required for Utilities Electric Co.；pfTo punish electricity price；E is compensation electricity price；trFor user
From response signal is received the time used is cut down to load is completed；tr,maxBy user sign an agreement specified in from receive response
Signal cuts down required maximum duration to load is completed.
7) load P is lacked according to micro-capacitance sensorQ, internal load significance level and electric position carry out cutting load；
8) judge that whether micro-capacitance sensor if so, enable t=t+ Δ t, goes to step 2 still in islet operation pattern at this time；If
It is no, then terminate this cycle.
It is an example of calculation of the method for the present invention below, Fig. 2 shows the topological structure of the power distribution network.It can be with from figure
Find out, using points of common connection as separation, load 11~13,19~23 and Wind turbines, micro-gas-turbine unit and energy storage
A micro-capacitance sensor is constituted, intelligent switch is housed on branch 25,26 and 29, can effectively cut-off load current, electric network element data are such as
Shown in table 1, table 2.
1 distributed generation resource of table and energy storage parameter
2 electric network element dependability parameter of table
In this example, actual wind speed probability distribution is simulated using Weibull distribution, it is the cutting of Wind turbines, specified and cut
Except wind speed is respectively 9,38 and 80km/h, if mean wind speed is 14.6km/h, wind speed deviation 9.75.Stored energy capacitance is
1MWh, maximum output 0.5MW.Micro-gas-turbine unit uses output model as follows, i.e. micro-gas-turbine unit
16 points to the 20 points power generations only in one day, power 0.6MW, remaining time do not generate electricity.
Micro-grid load LP13,21 and 23 is chosen as the user for signing demand response agreement, wherein LP13 and 21 is can
Interruptible load user, LP23 are that urgent need responds user, and compensation electricity price, electricity charge discount, the peak load of user cut down ratio
It is as shown in table 3 that punishment is not responded.In actual operation, the power-cut wish of different user can be predicted according to historical data,
Constant coefficient K1, K2 that might as well directly set herein in response model is respectively 0.75 and 1.
3 stimulable type demand response customer parameter of table
Based on the above method to carrying out load reduction under micro-capacitance sensor islet operation pattern, and carry out micro-capacitance sensor power supply reliability
Assessment.Further to embody beneficial effects of the present invention, table 4 gives the comparison of micro-capacitance sensor power supply reliability index, and scheme 1 is
Strategy is cut down using traditional load and carries out reliability assessment, scheme 2 is the micro- of meter and stimulable type demand response using the present invention
Power grid island mode load cuts down strategy and carries out reliability assessment.
4 micro-capacitance sensor reliability index of table
Wherein, system System average interruption frequency index S AIFI (System Average Interruption Frequency
Index) refer to average frequency of power cut of each user in 1 year in micro-capacitance sensor, unit is (times/year)；System, which averagely has a power failure, holds
Continuous time index SAIDI (System Average Interruption Frequency Index) refers to each in micro-capacitance sensor
System average interruption duration of the user in 1 year, unit are (hour/year)；System is averagely powered Availability Index ASAI
(Average Service Availability Index) refers to that user does not have a power failure total confession that duration and user require in 1 year
The ratio between electric duration.
As known from Table 4, using scheme 2 than reducing by 16.77% using 1 System average interruption frequency index of scheme, average have a power failure is held
Continuous time index reduces by 11.63%, and availability of averagely powering promotes 0.0137%, illustrates that meter and stimulable type using the present invention need
The power supply reliability of micro-capacitance sensor can be promoted by asking the micro-capacitance sensor island mode load of response to cut down strategy.
The above embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, other it is any without departing from the present invention Spirit Essences and principle under made by modification, modification, substitute, combination, simplify,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, should be all included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the micro-grid load of a kind of meter and stimulable type demand response cuts down control method, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
1) the current distributed generation resource gross output P of micro-capacitance sensor is obtainedG, energy storage output power PS, energy storage residue can utilize hourage
TSAnd total load amount PL；
2) to dispatch the grid side economic load dispatching model that the minimum target of cost establishes stimulable type demand response；The stimulable type
The grid side economic load dispatching model of demand response is：
Object function：
Constraints：
In formula：C indicates scheduling cost；MinC indicates that the target of model is to keep scheduling cost C minimum；N indicate interruptible load and
Urgent need responds the total quantity of user；I indicates the serial number of user, and the value range of i is 1~n；EiIndicate the compensation of user i
Electricity price；ΔPiIndicate the load reduction of user i；At the time of t indicates that demand response starts；P (t) indicates the electricity of response moment t
Valence；αiIndicate the electricity charge discount rate of user i；Pi(t) indicate user i in the practical electric power for responding moment t；tiIndicate user i
Load cut down the time；ΔPsExpression system needs the total load amount cut down；tri,maxSpecified in being signed an agreement by user i
From response signal is received required maximum duration is cut down to load is completed；TrFor micro-capacitance sensor require from send out response signal to
Complete the time that load is cut down in family；T is that the load of system requirements cuts down the time；N is that all interruptible loads and urgent need are rung
Using the set at family；λmax,iBy user i sign an agreement specified in load maximum cut down ratio；siIt is needed for the user i years
Seek the number of response；Si,maxMost big year response times specified in the agreement signed by user i；
3) user side response model is established with the minimum target of user's economic loss；
4) judge whether to have ready conditions and execute stimulable type demand response, if so, solving grid side economic load dispatching with linear programming method
Model, and by load that each demand response user acquired should cut down and cut down the time and send user to, if it is not, going to step
6)；
5) user side response model is solved with QUADRATIC PROGRAMMING METHOD FOR, judges that customer charge cuts down whether total amount reaches requirement, if reaching
It arrives, then without cutting load, if it is not, then executing next step；
6) cutting load, the scarce load P of institute are carried out according to scarce load in micro-capacitance sensorQCalculating formula is PQ=PL-PG。
2. the micro-grid load of meter according to claim 1 and stimulable type demand response cuts down control method, feature exists
In：User side response model described in step 3) is：
Object function：
MinL=C1+C2+ F-R (7),
C1=(K1ΔP2+K2ΔP-K2ΔPu)tdr(8),
C2=α p (t) (P (t)-Δ P) tdr(9),
Constraints：
0≤Δ P≤P (t) (12),
tr≤tr,max(14),
In above-mentioned formula：L is the total economic loss of user；C1The cost of response is executed for user；C2For the electricity of user in the response period
Take；F is not respond punishment；R is response income；K1And K2For constant coefficient；Δ P is the load reduction of user；U is (0,1) section
Interior random value；tdrFor the duration of user's reduction plans；α is the electricity charge discount rate of user；P (t) is user in response moment t
Practical electric power；ΔPnLoad reduction is required for Utilities Electric Co.；pfTo punish electricity price；E is compensation electricity price；trFor user from
It receives response signal and cuts down the time used to load is completed；tr,maxBy user sign an agreement specified in from receive response letter
Number to complete load cut down needed for maximum duration.
3. the micro-grid load of meter according to claim 1 and stimulable type demand response cuts down control method, feature exists
In：Step 4) it is described execute stimulable type demand response condition be：
trs<TSAnd Δ Pmax＞ PL-PG(15),
In formula：trsFor all stimulable type demand response users of micro-capacitance sensor, from response signal is received, to completing, load reduction is used to be put down
The equal time；ΔPmaxResponding user's maximum for all stimulable types of micro-capacitance sensor can reduction plans amount.
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| 不确定性需求响应建模在电力积分激励决策中的应用;王蓓蓓等;《电力系统自动化》;20150525;第39卷(第10期);第93-99、150页 * |
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