CN105845269A - High temperature superconducting material and method for preparing high temperature superconducting material - Google Patents
High temperature superconducting material and method for preparing high temperature superconducting material Download PDFInfo
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- CN105845269A CN105845269A CN201610291199.7A CN201610291199A CN105845269A CN 105845269 A CN105845269 A CN 105845269A CN 201610291199 A CN201610291199 A CN 201610291199A CN 105845269 A CN105845269 A CN 105845269A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B12/00—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/0016—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables for heat treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Abstract
The invention discloses high temperature superconducting material and a method for preparing the high temperature superconducting material. The high temperature superconducting material is composed of yttrium, aluminum, nickel, lithium, zinc, barium and boron of which the molar ratio is 1:6-9:1-3:2-6:3-6:1.5:1-2. The preparation method comprises the steps that 1) a nitrate mixed solution is prepared; 2) citric acid is added in the nitrate mixed solution; 3) heating concentration is performed on the mixed solution obtained in the step 2) until gel is completely combusted so that powder material is formed; 4) powder is evenly ground; and 5) the ground powder is put in a high temperature furnace for calcining and then taken out after cooling to room temperature so that superconducting material is obtained. A sol-gel method and a high temperature calcining method are adopted for preparation so that the homogeneous superconducting material is formed, the defect of low critical temperature of the existing superconducting material can be solved, the superconducting material having higher critical temperature is prepared, and the superconducting material has the superconductivity under the condition of high temperature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to new material technology field, specifically, be a kind of high temperature superconducting materia and for the method preparing high temperature superconducting materia.
Background technology
Superconductor, refers to have and presents resistance under certain cryogenic conditions and equal to zero and repel the material of character of the magnetic line of force.Have now found that 28 kinds of elements and thousand of kinds of alloys and compound can become superconductor.
The know-why of superconductor shows themselves in that
1) zero resistance:
When superconductor is in superconducting state, resistance is zero, it is possible to the loss-free transmission of electrical energy.If causing induced-current in superconducting ring with magnetic field, this electric current can maintain down the most damply.This " follow current " is observed the most in an experiment.
2) diamagnetism:
When superconductor is in superconducting state, as long as externally-applied magnetic field is less than certain value, the magnetic line of force can not penetrate, and the magnetic field perseverance in superconductor is zero.
3) critical-temperature:
When external magnetic field is zero, superconductor is changed into the temperature of superconducting state (or contrary) by normal state, represents with Tc.Tc value is different because material is different.The minimum Tc having recorded superconductor is tungsten, for 0.012K.By 1987, critical-temperature peak brought up to about 100K.
4) critical magnetic field:
The superconducting state making superconductor destroys and is converted to the magnetic field intensity needed for normal state, represents with Hc.Hc is Hc=H0 [1-(T/Tc) 2] with the relation of temperature T, and in formula, H0 is critical magnetic field during 0K.
5) critical current and critical current density:
The critical temperature Tc of superconductor is relevant with its isotopic mass M.M is the biggest, and Tc is the lowest, and this is referred to as isotope effect.Such as, atomic weight is the mercury isotope of 199.55, and its Tc is 4.18K, and atomic weight is the mercury isotope of 203.4, and Tc is 4.146K.
Also superconducting state can be made when reaching certain numerical value by the electric current of superconductor to destroy and be changed to positive normality, represent with Ic.Ic typically reduces with temperature and the increase of external magnetic field.The Ic that unit cross-sectional area is carried is referred to as critical current density, represents with Jc.
These parameters of superconductor define the condition of application material, thus the new superconduction material finding high parameter has become the important topic that people study.As a example by Tc, open Merlin-Ang Neisi from Dutch physicist H. in 1911 and find that superconductivity (Hg, Tc=4.2K) rises, until before 1986, it has been found that the highest Tc just reach 23.2K (Nb3Ge, 1973).Switzerland's physicist's K.A. Millers in 1986 and Germany physicist's J.G. Bednorz are found that the superconductivity of oxide ceramic material, thus Tc is brought up to 35K.The most only one-year age, the Tc of new material has brought up to about 100K.This breakthrough is that the application of superconductor opens wide prospect, Miller and Bednorz and the most therefore wins Nobel Prize in physics gold in 1987.
Existing superconductor is based on alloy material and compound, and the excellent specific property that superconductor has makes it from be found, and just illustrates tempting application prospect to the mankind.The application of superconductor now mainly has: 1. utilizes the superconductivity of material can make magnet, is applied to motor, high-energy particle accelerator, levitated transport, controlled thermonuclear reaction, energy storage etc.；Can make power cable, for large capacity transmission, power is up to 10000MVA；Can make communication cable and antenna, its performance is better than conventional material.2. the perfect diamganetism utilizing material can make without friction gyroscope and bearing.3. Josephson effect is utilized can to make a series of fine measuring instrument and radiation detector, microwave generator, logic element etc..Utilizing Josephson junction to do logic and the memory element of computer, its arithmetic speed ratio fast 10～20 times of high performance integrated circuit, power consumption only has 1/4th.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to design a kind of high temperature superconducting materia and high temperature superconducting materia preparation method, metal oxide is used to constitute high temperature superconducting materia, solve the drawback that existing superconductor critical-temperature is low, prepare a kind of superconductor with higher critical-temperature, it has superconducting characteristic under higher temperature conditions, another object of the present invention is for preparing this superconductor, and uses sol-gal process and high-temperature calcination to be prepared, thus forms the superconductor of homogeneous quality.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of high temperature superconducting materia, high temperature superconducting materia is that yttrium, aluminium, nickel, lithium, zinc, barium, the oxide of boron are constituted, and wherein the amount of the material of yttrium, aluminium, nickel, lithium, zinc, barium and boron ratio is for 1:6-9:1-3:2-6:3-6:1.5:1-2.
Further described high temperature superconducting materia, the amount of described nickel and the material of lithium ratio is for 0.5-3:1.
Further described high temperature superconducting materia, the amount of described aluminium and the material of zinc ratio is for 1-2:0.5.
Further described high temperature superconducting materia, the amount of described barium and the material of boron ratio is for 1:1.
A kind of method for preparing high temperature superconducting materia, comprises the following steps that:
1) nitrate mixed solution is configured according to the amount ratio of the material of yttrium, aluminium, nickel, lithium, zinc, barium and boron；
2) adding citric acid in nitrate mixed solution, the substance withdrawl syndrome of citric acid is 0.25-0.45mol/L, and regulation pH is neutral；
3) to step 2) gained mixed solution carries out heating and is concentrated into gel and burns completely, forms powder；
4) powder is put into grinding in ball grinder uniform；
5) powder after grinding is put in high temperature furnace and is calcined, temperature 1200-1400 DEG C, pressure 3.8-6.4Gpa, time 1.5-3h, and calcining is cooled to room temperature after terminating, and takes out, i.e. obtains superconductor.
A kind of further described method for preparing high temperature superconducting materia, in step 2) described in the substance withdrawl syndrome of citric acid be 0.25-0.30mol/L.
A kind of method for preparing high temperature superconducting materia the most described, in step 5) in putting into high temperature furnace during calcining, described temperature is 1200-1300 DEG C.
A kind of method for preparing high temperature superconducting materia the most described, when putting into calcining in high temperature furnace in step (5), described pressure is 4-5GPa.
A kind of method for preparing high temperature superconducting materia the most described, when putting into calcining in high temperature furnace in step (5), the described time is 2-2.5h.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
The present invention uses metal oxide to constitute superconductor, solve the drawback that existing superconductor critical-temperature is low, prepare a kind of superconductor with higher critical-temperature, it has superconducting characteristic under higher temperature conditions, another object of the present invention is for preparing this superconductor, and use sol-gal process and high-temperature calcination to be prepared, thus form the superconductor of homogeneous quality.
High temperature superconducting materia of the present invention, it it is the superconductor of a kind of metal oxide composition, being made up of yttrium, aluminium, nickel, lithium, zinc, barium and 7 kinds of oxides of boron, the material of this yttrium-aluminium-nickel-lithium-zinc-barium-boron composition the most i.e. has superconducting phenomenon, and critical-temperature is higher.
Method for preparing high temperature superconducting materia of the present invention, have employed sol-gal process and high-temperature calcination, first the nitrate solution of 7 kinds of elements is configured, adding citric acid, begin to warm up solution, solution is initially formed gel, continue heating, gel starts burning, until burning completely, and remaining metal-oxide powder；Powder is mixed, then calcines, form the superconductor of homogeneous quality.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of high temperature superconducting materia, metal oxide is used to constitute superconductor, solve the drawback that existing superconductor critical-temperature is low, prepare a kind of superconductor with higher critical-temperature, it has superconducting characteristic under higher temperature conditions, using following set-up mode: high temperature superconducting materia is that yttrium, aluminium, nickel, lithium, zinc, barium, the oxide of boron are constituted, wherein the amount of the material of yttrium, aluminium, nickel, lithium, zinc, barium and boron ratio is for 1:6-9:1-3:2-6:3-6:1.5:1-2.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment is to optimize further on the basis of above-described embodiment, high temperature superconducting materia the most described, and the amount of described nickel and the material of lithium ratio is for 0.5-3:1.
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment is to optimize further on the basis of any of the above-described embodiment, high temperature superconducting materia the most described, and the amount of described aluminium and the material of zinc ratio is for 1-2:0.5.
Embodiment 4:
The present embodiment is to optimize further on the basis of any of the above-described embodiment, high temperature superconducting materia the most described, and the amount of described barium and the material of boron ratio is for 1:1.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of method for preparing high temperature superconducting materia, for preparing high temperature superconducting materia, and uses sol-gal process and high-temperature calcination to be prepared, thus forms the superconductor of homogeneous quality, uses following set-up mode especially: comprise the following steps that:
1) nitrate mixed solution is configured according to the amount ratio of the material of yttrium, aluminium, nickel, lithium, zinc, barium and boron；
2) adding citric acid in nitrate mixed solution, the substance withdrawl syndrome of citric acid is 0.25-0.45mol/L, and regulation pH is neutral；
3) to step 2) gained mixed solution carries out heating and is concentrated into gel and burns completely, forms powder；
4) powder is put into grinding in ball grinder uniform；
5) powder after grinding is put in high temperature furnace and is calcined, temperature 1200-1400 DEG C, pressure 3.8-6.4Gpa, time 1.5-3h, and calcining is cooled to room temperature after terminating, and takes out, i.e. obtains superconductor.
Embodiment 6:
The present embodiment is to optimize further on the basis of above-described embodiment, and a kind of method for preparing high temperature superconducting materia the most described, in step 2) described in the substance withdrawl syndrome of citric acid be 0.25-0.30mol/L.
Embodiment 7:
The present embodiment is to optimize further on the basis of embodiment 5 or 6, a kind of method for preparing high temperature superconducting materia the most described, and in step 5) in putting into high temperature furnace during calcining, described temperature is 1200-1300 DEG C.
Embodiment 8:
The present embodiment is to optimize further on the basis of embodiment 5 or 6 or 7, a kind of method for preparing high temperature superconducting materia the most described, and when putting into calcining in high temperature furnace in step (5), described pressure is 4-5GPa.
Embodiment 9:
The present embodiment is to optimize further on the basis of embodiment 5 or 6 or 7 or 8, a kind of method for preparing high temperature superconducting materia the most described, and when putting into calcining in high temperature furnace in step (5), the described time is 2-2.5h.
The above, be only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention not does any pro forma restriction, every above example is made according to the technical spirit of the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations, within each falling within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a high temperature superconducting materia, it is characterised in that: high temperature superconducting materia is that yttrium, aluminium, nickel, lithium, zinc, barium, the oxide of boron are constituted, and wherein the amount of the material of yttrium, aluminium, nickel, lithium, zinc, barium and boron ratio is for 1:6-9:1-3:2-6:3-6:1.5:1-2.
A kind of high temperature superconducting materia the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the amount of described nickel and the material of lithium ratio is for 0.5-3:1.
A kind of high temperature superconducting materia the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the amount of described aluminium and the material of zinc ratio is for 1-2:0.5.
A kind of high temperature superconducting materia the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the amount of described barium and the material of boron ratio is for 1:1.
5. the method being used for preparing the high temperature superconducting materia described in any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps that:
1) nitrate mixed solution is configured according to the amount ratio of the material of yttrium, aluminium, nickel, lithium, zinc, barium and boron；
2) adding citric acid in nitrate mixed solution, the substance withdrawl syndrome of citric acid is 0.25-0.45mol/L, and regulation pH is neutral；
3) to step 2) gained mixed solution carries out heating and is concentrated into gel and burns completely, forms powder；
4) powder is put into grinding in ball grinder uniform；
5) powder after grinding is put in high temperature furnace and is calcined, temperature 1200-1400 DEG C, pressure 3.8-6.4Gpa, time 1.5-3h, and calcining is cooled to room temperature after terminating, and takes out, i.e. obtains superconductor.
A kind of method for preparing high temperature superconducting materia the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: in step 2) described in the substance withdrawl syndrome of citric acid be 0.25-0.30mol/L.
A kind of method for preparing high temperature superconducting materia the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: in step 5) in putting into high temperature furnace during calcining, described temperature is 1200-1300 DEG C.
A kind of method for preparing high temperature superconducting materia the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: when putting into calcining in high temperature furnace in step (5), described pressure is 4-5GPa.
A kind of method for preparing high temperature superconducting materia the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: when putting into calcining in high temperature furnace in step (5), the described time is 2-2.5h.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107910433A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-04-13 | 广西塔锡科技有限公司 | A kind of production method of high temperature superconducting materia |
| CN107934950A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-04-20 | 叶芳 | A kind of preparation method of new energy modified graphene superconductor |
| CN108053943A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-18 | 绵阳市吉富精密机械有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high temperature superconducting materia |
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| CN88100338A (en) * | 1987-01-27 | 1988-09-07 | 工业技术院 | High-temperature superconductor and manufacturing process thereof |
| JPH02501477A (en) * | 1987-10-05 | 1990-05-24 | メルク・パテント・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミツト・ベシユレンクテル・ハフツング | Method for producing metal oxide powder |
| CN1086341A (en) * | 1992-10-24 | 1994-05-04 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | A kind of boracic oxide high temperature superconductor and preparation method thereof |
| CN104310972A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-01-28 | 苏州博利迈新材料科技有限公司 | Superconducting material and preparation method thereof |
-
2016
- 2016-05-05 CN CN201610291199.7A patent/CN105845269A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN88100338A (en) * | 1987-01-27 | 1988-09-07 | 工业技术院 | High-temperature superconductor and manufacturing process thereof |
| JPH02501477A (en) * | 1987-10-05 | 1990-05-24 | メルク・パテント・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミツト・ベシユレンクテル・ハフツング | Method for producing metal oxide powder |
| CN1086341A (en) * | 1992-10-24 | 1994-05-04 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | A kind of boracic oxide high temperature superconductor and preparation method thereof |
| CN104310972A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-01-28 | 苏州博利迈新材料科技有限公司 | Superconducting material and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107910433A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-04-13 | 广西塔锡科技有限公司 | A kind of production method of high temperature superconducting materia |
| CN108053943A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-18 | 绵阳市吉富精密机械有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high temperature superconducting materia |
| CN107934950A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-04-20 | 叶芳 | A kind of preparation method of new energy modified graphene superconductor |
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Application publication date: 20160810 |