CN105844542A - Power grid single large disturbance online detection method based on WAMS - Google Patents
Power grid single large disturbance online detection method based on WAMS Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a power grid single large disturbance online detection method based on a WAMS. The method comprises steps of 1), information acquisition; 2), disturbance detection; 3), information fusion; and 4), diagnosis and decision. According to the method, the algorithm is simple, the detection speed is relatively fast, accuracy is relatively high, the precise phase angle information is provided through utilizing a PMU, so whether disturbance occurs is detected, and a determination problem that whether single large disturbance occurs is solved, moreover, as the uploaded information is with a certain error probability, whether disturbance occurs is verified by utilizing the data fusion theory in combination with the data uploaded by the WAMS and a SCADA, and a problem of an error large disturbance occurrence determination result caused by the error uploaded information is solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric network fault detection technique field, particularly relate to a kind of single large disturbances of electrical network based on WAMS and exist
Line detecting method.
Background technology
Transferring electricity from the west to the east, on national network " construction energetically of engineering, allow the power grid construction of China march toward flourish new rank
Section." 12 " period, in national grid preparation input 500,000,000,000 yuan to the Preliminary Construction of intelligent grid, intelligent grid (smart
Power grids) refer to electrical network intellectuality, it is to carry out building based on the communication network of high-speed bidirectional, utilizes
The technology such as advanced equipment, measuring method, sensing technology, control method and decision system, make operation more the safety of electrical network
Reliably, economic and environment-friendly, intelligent grid also have can resist supply, ensure user need for electricity, various ways can be accessed
Generating, and can allow the electricity market can the efficient ground advantages such as operation.With from the point of view of the construction situation that China is current, 2015
Year just can be basically completed the Preliminary Construction of the intelligent grid of informationization and automatization, and the transregional interconnection of electrical network makes in electrical network
Resource distribution is optimized, and operational efficiency is improved, more intelligent.
In present large-scale complex power system, various types of disturbances are ubiquitous.Disturbing in power system
Dynamic refer to cause because system some service condition operating changes suddenly voltage, electric current, frequency, power etc.
Fluctuation.Disturbance in the presence of intelligent grid can be divided into electrical network large disturbances and microvariations by influence degree.Electrical network microvariations
The i.e. little and long-term disturbance of electric parameters amplitude of variation, the generation of usual microvariations be because an other electromotor with
And adding of load there occurs little change with excision or generator speed.Electrical network large disturbances refers to electric parameters amplitude of variation
Relatively big but short duration, can affect the disturbance of the operation of electrical network to a great extent.Generally the generation of large disturbances is by greatly
The addition of the power system main elements such as the electromotor of capacity or load causes with excision, it is also possible to short trouble causes
's.Owing to power system is a huge and numerous and diverse dynamical system.The addition of the most indivedual electromotors or load is right with excision
The impact that stability of power system causes is relatively small, does not specifically study little interference.And work as power system
When having large disturbances to occur, will inevitably there is state offset and vibration significantly in whole system, and large disturbances is
At all times, and correlation occurs, as long as there being the three unities to produce certain large disturbances, just it is likely to Wave transmission
To neighboring area, cause power system to produce new fluctuation, cause other regions that large disturbances also occurs.So, electrical network large disturbances
Coverage will constantly increase, if the very first time does not takes correct measure to disinthibite disturbance, be just likely to result in
The serious consequence all having a power failure in region.
When there being disturbance to occur in electrical network, electric system protection device will send signal and inform dispatcher, relevant work
Make personnel and just can solve failure problems, fast restore, safeguards system even running in time.While it is true, in recent years, great Qu
In the range of territory, power-off event happens occasionally, and the life for resident brings serious inconvenience, causes the reason of this result to have very
Many, main cause is that electric system protection device is the most perfect, containing certain defect.Related data shows: in world wide
The big face power-off event of nearly 7 one-tenth is by caused by the misoperation of electric system protection device, should become Operation of Electric Systems
The protection device of guardian, but because the imperfection of device brings threat to the stable operation of power system.When electrical network occurs
During large disturbances, if protection device is the most perfect, make correct action the most in time, power system will be caused to occur chain
Reaction, and quickly spread and ultimately result in mains breakdown [15], the consequence of seriousness is brought to intelligent grid.
Analyze the typical case of domestic and international power outage, although protected system is the most perfect, protection device makes mistake
Unfavorable factors such as action, but before and after electrical network generation large disturbances, lack one to the unified electric network state analysis mode of the overall situation, lead
The power attendant of sending a telegraph can not find to occur in electrical network disturbance the very first time, more can not make rapidly correct effective countermeasure and come
Disturbance suppression further spreads.It is accurately judged to whether electrical network has disturbance to occur, and the alert when disturbance occurs,
Just can remind electric power maintenance personnel, take rapidly corresponding means to be controlled, to suppress, accident scope is further to be spread, this
Very important effect is played in power system security even running.The very first time finds have disturbance to occur in power system, with
Time at source, disturbance point is controlled, this method can promote the even running performance of electrical network greatly.To sum up, by right
Electric network information monitors to judge whether have disturbance generation the heaviest to safeguarding that power system even running has in electrical network in real time
The meaning wanted.
Detecting the large disturbances occurred in intelligent grid, it includes judging whether disturbance occurs and determine that disturbance is sent out
Raw accurate moment two parts.Because the type of grid disturbance is more, affect electrical network safe and reliable operation degree also each the most not
Identical, so, research emphasis can be placed on and shadow relatively big to electric network influencing by the disturbance occurred in electrical network when detecting
On the large disturbances that the scope of sound is bigger.Traditional disturbance detecting method thinking generally is the electric parameters number changing some
Credit is analysed, and finds out catastrophe point, so that it is determined that the generation of disturbance and the moment of generation.But existing method is the longest, the fullest
Foot does not carries out the requirement detected online.Along with WAMS (Wide Area Measurement System) progressively
Build, have scholar to propose and make full use of the information that WAMS uploads and electrical network large disturbances is carried out on-line checking set
Think.When disturbance occurs, the control centre of WAMS can obtain the system before and after disturbance by the PMU metrical information being distributed in the whole network
The relevant information such as quantity of state, electric parameters and various alarm.What these seemed that complicated information can be real-time reflects electricity
The state of network operation, all data uploaded due to PMU are all with proper unified markers (being accurate to millisecond), it is possible to
Reflect the section information on same time point, can suddenly change according to electric parameters such as voltage, electric current, power in electrical network during there is disturbance
Information is directly inferred, its simply, efficiently feature meet the demand of on-line checking, thus in on-line checking power system be
No have disturbance to have found breach.Because the time used by the data that WAMS is uploaded is the shortest in all information sources
(time is at Millisecond), this enables it at first the information in electrical network be passed to power grid maintenance people at the initial stage of electrical network generation disturbance
Member, thus realize the on-line checking of disturbance.To sum up, the information utilizing WAMS to gather has to the on-line checking completing grid disturbance
Far-reaching practical significance.
Because the scale of electrical network is growing stronger day by day, the research carrying out electrical network large disturbances is gone to be by the data of the whole network and information
A present research tendency.Because the constraint of the terms and conditions such as technology, theory, the research to this respect technology at present is also located
In the starting stage.So-called electrical network large disturbances on-line checking is through certain instrument to monitor the Information Number in some electrical network
According to, such as electric parameters (voltage, electric current, merit angle and frequency etc.), whether observed data changes, and change right
The time answered.So that staff takes measures rapidly thus reduces large disturbances and brought the safe operation of electrical network not
Profit impact.The groundwork of the on-line checking of intelligent grid detects whether disturbance occurs and disturbance generation essence exactly in sum
The really time.
In recent years, every scholar is made that substantial amounts of research in terms of Disturbance Detection, and makes some progress, institute
The Disturbance Detection scheme proposed substantially can be divided into two classes: method based on time frequency analysis and method based on non-time frequency analysis, tool
Body is following several；
(1) fourier transform method
(2) Wavelet Transform
(3) temporal analysis
(4) method of mathematical statistics
(5) artificial intelligence approach
(6) disturbance detecting method based on WAMS
National grid formulated " Real-Time Dynamic Monitoring System of Power System Technical Specification " in 2006, had promoted wide area survey
The development of amount system.Along with WAMS developing rapidly in national grid, add that electrical network can dynamically be carried out by it
Monitoring in real time, therefore detecting grid disturbance on the basis of WAMS is a new research direction.About
The research starting ratio of electrical network large disturbances detection is later, existing major part research method, and programming is difficult, it is big to calculate intensity, selected
Disturbance criterion physical quantity is single, easily causes erroneous judgement, it is impossible to meet actual demand.At present, the research to Disturbance Detection stops mostly
Stay theory part, the most do not accomplish to take into full account the demand of actual motion, utilize the information collected the most fully.
So, grid disturbance is studied by the information that comprehensive utilization the whole network is uploaded, and then proposes a kind of feasible effective based on extensively
The detection method of the grid disturbance of domain measurement system, runs have greatly actual application value to electricity net safety stable.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is based on above one or more problem, it is provided that a kind of single large disturbances of electrical network based on WAMS is online
Detection method.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem by following technical proposals:
The single large disturbances online test method of electrical network based on WAMS, comprises the following steps:
Step 1), obtain information:
Each monitoring point of middle extract real-time from WAMS system can characterize the phasor information of operation of power networks state；
Switching value information is extracted from SCADA system；
Described electric quantity information includes voltage magnitude and voltage phase angle；
Described switching value information includes switching whether action and whether switching current is changed to zero；
Step 2), Disturbance Detection:
The method using support vector machine carries out whether disturbance detecting method based on electric parameters change thankss for your hospitality in electrical network
Move and detect；
Detection method based on switching value detects whether there being disturbance in electrical network；
Step 3), information fusion:
Using D-S evidence theory to step 2) testing result of two kinds of detection methods carries out information fusion；
Step 4), diagnosis decision-making:
Information fusion result is analyzed, finally judges whether electrical network has disturbance to occur.
Further,
Step 2) in use support vector machine method carry out based on electric parameters change disturbance detecting method include following
Step:
Step 2.1.1: use and carry out denoising based on the mallat algorithm phasor information to collecting in Wavelet Analysis Theory
Pretreatment；
Step 2.1.2: the data when data obtained after pretreatment are divided into properly functioning, and there is the number after disturbance
According to, it is input in algorithm of support vector machine be trained, obtains support vector machine Disturbance Detection model by training, will after training
Data are divided into two classes: information when electrical network is properly functioning, it is determined that value is set to 1；Information beyond properly functioning, it is determined that value is arranged
For-1；
Step 2.1.3: data to be detected are input in support vector machine Disturbance Detection model, it is judged that whether disturbance is sent out
Raw, and show disturbance time of origin when disturbance occurs, wherein, when input data are in normal operation range, it is determined that value output
Being 1, i.e. in electrical network, undisturbed occurs；When input data are not in normal operation range, it is determined that value is output as-1, i.e. has in electrical network
Disturbance occurs.
Further,
Step 2) in detection method based on switching value be, according to remote signalling category information and remote measurement category information switch amount action
Critical table carries out inquiry and judges.
Further,
Described step 3) in the method for information fusion be:
Set the credibility of testing result of the electric parameters uploaded based on WAMS as 0.9, the switching value uploaded based on SCADA
The credibility of the testing result of situation of change is 0.8；
The underlying probabilities of F is assigned as:
Underlying probabilities be assigned as:
Wherein Xji=F, orJ=1 ...., M, i=1,2.
Further,
Described step 4) in information fusion result be analyzed carrying out the criterion of Disturbance Detection result judgement be:
The embodiment of the present invention provide electrical network large disturbances recognition methods based on WAMS, compared to prior art, have as
Lower beneficial effect:
1. can provide the phase angle information of electric parameters due to PMU, utilize the phase angle information collected, in conjunction with amplitude information,
The judgement whether large disturbances occurs can be realized easily.
2. combine the situation of change that amplitude and phase angle are occurred before and after disturbance, algorithm of support vector machine is incorporated into disturbance inspection
In survey, whether can occur to judge rapidly to large disturbances.
3. in actual electric network, PMU the data uploaded may be error message, if to the wrong data uploaded
Detect, will get the wrong sow by the ear.Meanwhile, in current electrical network, PMU measuring point is generally simply installed at
In 220KV and the bus of above electric pressure thereof and important line, measuring point is less, and electric network information characterizes that ground is the most this kind of asks
Topic, the application use D-S evidence theory method in multi-sources Information Fusion Method to combine switching value that SCADA uploads detects,
Whether final judgement electrical network there is disturbance to occur, reduces misjudgement and the probability of erroneous judgement.
The algorithm of the method for 4 Disturbance Detection is easy, and detection speed ratio is very fast, and degree of accuracy is higher, especially with PMU
Whether the accurate phase angle information provided, detected disturbance, solved the judgement whether single large disturbances occurs
Problem.It is simultaneous for information of uploading and there is certain error probability, the data uploaded in conjunction with WAMS and SCADA, utilize data to melt
Rationally disturbance is the most really verified by opinion, solves and uploads information due to mistake and cause large disturbances generation judged result
The problem of mistake.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is present invention electrical network based on WAMS single large disturbances online test method flow chart；
Fig. 2 is the Disturbance Detection particular flow sheet of the present invention single large disturbances online test method of electrical network based on WAMS；
Fig. 3 is 3 and 9 Node Protection system diagram in embodiment 1；
Fig. 4 is the change of the amplitude that PMU collects in embodiment 1；
Fig. 5 is the change of the phase angle that PMU collects in embodiment 1；
Fig. 6 is the change of the amplitude that PMU collects in embodiment 2；
Fig. 7 is the change of the phase angle that PMU collects in embodiment 2；
Fig. 8 is relay protection layout in embodiment 3；
Fig. 9 is the change of the amplitude that PMU collects in embodiment 3；
Figure 10 is the change of the phase angle that PMU collects in embodiment 3.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in detail with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.If it should be noted that do not conflict, this
Each feature in bright embodiment and embodiment can be combined with each other, all within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: simulated short
With the disturbance example of 3 machine 9 node systems, 3 machine 9 node systems are as shown in Figure 3.MATLAB software is utilized to choose 3 machines 9
The typical examples of several disturbances of node system emulates as input data.Algorithm based on support vector machine continues
The voltage magnitude and the phase angle that select BUS1 bus are female as the supervision of Disturbance Detection.
Arranging circuit Line1 to be short-circuited disturbance, Bus5 bus bar side main protection action, the protection of bus Bus4 side is not moved, disconnected
Road device CB4 is not turned off, and adjacent lines line2 the second back-up protection works, and chopper CB1 disconnects.Meanwhile, Fig. 4,5 by PMU
The voltage magnitude passed and the situation of change of phase angle, the information that now SCADA uploads such as table 3.Use the method for information fusion to electricity
Whether net occur disturbance carry out judging to obtain table 1.
The information that table 1SCADA collects
Detection process based on electric parameters is shown in table 2.
Table 2 Disturbance Detection process
Testing result is that system occurs disturbance to report to the police when 3.71, and the alarm indicator time is 3.71S.
Testing result based on switching value is: by table 3 switching value information intelligent discrimination and query table, the conclusion drawn is
Bus5 bus bar side main protection, Line2 the second back-up protection, the protection act of CB1 is effective, has disturbance to occur in electrical network.
Table 3 switching value information intelligent discrimination and query table
Result to two kinds of disturbance detecting methods, uses Multi-source Information Fusion theory to carry out information fusion:
Table 4 information fusion data
Table 4 fusion results shows:Testing result is 3.71 seconds, and disturbance occurs in electrical network really.
Embodiment 2:PMU uploads the information of mistake
Assume that the data uploaded from PMU are to comprise certain error message, data such as Fig. 6 of uploading from PMU, SCADA, 7,
Whether table 5, use the method for information fusion to occurring disturbance to judge in electrical network.
The information that table 5SCADA collects
Detection process based on electric parameters is as shown in table 6.
Table 6 Disturbance Detection process
Testing result based on electric parameters is that system occurs disturbance to report to the police when 2.15, and the alarm indicator time is 2.15S.
The result of detection method based on switching value is: in 2.15 seconds, and protection element does not occur action, does not has in electrical network
Disturbance is had to occur.
Result to two kinds of disturbance detecting methods, the result such as table after using Multi-source Information Fusion theory to carry out information fusion
Shown in 7.
Table 7 information fusion data
Fusion results shows:Testing result is 2.15 seconds, does not has disturbance to occur in electrical network, and PMU uploads
Error message.
Embodiment 3: the single large disturbances of oilfield electric net detects
Certain intra-field transformer station and transmission voltage grade are more complicated, the electric pressure of certain oilfield electric net have 110kV,
Several electric pressure such as 66kV and 35kV.Due to the bulkyness of oilfield electric net and complexity, before it is carried out simulating, verifying first
Certain oilfield electric net is become district and carries out dotted-line style circuit simplification, as Fig. 8 gives the protection circuit figure in certain oil field.
Certain torch becomes and becomes and spark change power supply into wind and cloud via double loop, and wind and cloud wears northern five changes under becoming, north ten becomes, northern
19 become, north III-2 become, north 20 become, north seven become, spark become under wear in five changes, north 11 become, north 17 become, in 13
Become, in nine become, in one become, in 17 become, north II-4 become, wherein supply north II-4 become transmission line of electricity be siding, each power transformation
Stand and down continue on-load, be usually the standby electricity of other transformer stations.
It is arranged on wind and cloud become and PMU is installed at spark change, whole oilfield electric net is become district and is monitored, by reality
The collection of border electrical network underlying parameter, is calculated certain oilfield electric net and becomes the properly functioning voltage data being in district.
The present embodiment is chosen wind and cloud and is changed to torch and become the voltage magnitude of A-wire and the phase angle monitoring object as Disturbance Detection.
Being trained the data of voltage magnitude and voltage phase angle respectively, set up Disturbance Detection model, training process is as shown in table 8.
Table 8 noisy data training process
After Disturbance Detection model is set up, in order to verify that different types of disturbance is had well by process proposed herein
Detection results, does the emulation of different disturbance, and detects the data before and after disturbance in different location, checking this method
Effectiveness.
First to the north of at ten changes as a example by, to when cutting machine disturbance at northern ten changes, voltage magnitude that PMU collects and phase angle
Situation of change such as Fig. 9, shown in 10, the information that now SCADA uploads is as shown in table 9.
The information that table 9SCADA collects
Detection process based on electric parameters is as shown in table 10.
Table 10 Disturbance Detection process
Testing result is that system occurs disturbance to report to the police when 19:41:07, and the alarm indicator time is 19:41:07.
Testing result based on switching value is: by table 3 switching value information intelligent discrimination and query table, and the conclusion drawn is north
Main protection at ten, main protection at wind and cloud, the remote back-up protection of circuit wind and cloud to torch, chopper CB3, CB4 action is effective.
Result to two kinds of disturbance detecting methods, the results are shown in Table after using Multi-source Information Fusion theory to carry out information fusion
Shown in 11.
Table 11 information fusion data
Fusion results shows:Electrical network occurs disturbance really.
Testing result is: as 19:41:07, and voltage magnitude and the voltage phase angle of institute's monitoring wire are undergone mutation, and protect simultaneously
During the action of protection unit effective.Electrical network i.e. occurs large disturbances really, detects system automatic alarm after generation disturbance, and show
Show that the disturbance time started is 19:41:07.
Can be seen that disturbance based on switching value and the Multi-source Information Fusion of electric parameters is examined by the test of above-described embodiment
Surveying device is can to detect electrical network large disturbances in the application of actual electric network.From the point of view of the result of simulating, verifying, the application
The disturbance detecting method proposed is effective, feasible to grid disturbance detection.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the present invention, not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, every utilization is originally
Equivalent structure or equivalence flow process that description of the invention and accompanying drawing content are made convert, or are directly or indirectly used in what other were correlated with
Technical field, is the most in like manner included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the single large disturbances online test method of electrical network based on WAMS, comprises the following steps:
Step 1), obtain information:
The phasor information of the electric parameters of operation of power networks state can be characterized from each monitoring point of middle extract real-time of WAMS system；
Switching value information is extracted from SCADA system；
Described electric quantity information includes voltage magnitude and voltage phase angle；
Described switching value information includes switching whether action and whether switching current is changed to zero；
Step 2), Disturbance Detection:
The method using support vector machine carries out disturbance detecting method based on electric parameters change to whether there being disturbance to enter in electrical network
Row detection；
Detection method based on switching value detects whether there being disturbance in electrical network；
Step 3), information fusion:
Using D-S evidence theory to step 2) testing result of two kinds of detection methods carries out information fusion；
Step 4), diagnosis decision-making:
Information fusion result is analyzed, finally judges whether electrical network has disturbance to occur.
2. the single large disturbances online test method of electrical network based on WAMS as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Step 2) in use support vector machine method carry out based on electric parameters change disturbance detecting method comprise the following steps:
Step 2.1.1: employing carries out denoising based on the mallat algorithm phasor information to collecting in Wavelet Analysis Theory and locates in advance
Reason；
Step 2.1.2: the data when data obtained after pretreatment are divided into properly functioning, and there are the data after disturbance, defeated
Enter and be trained in algorithm of support vector machine, obtain support vector machine Disturbance Detection model by training, by data after training
It is divided into two classes: information when electrical network is properly functioning, it is determined that value is set to 1；Information beyond properly functioning, it is determined that value is set to-
1；
Step 2.1.3: phasor data to be detected is input in support vector machine Disturbance Detection model, it is judged that whether disturbance is sent out
Raw, and show disturbance time of origin when disturbance occurs, wherein, when input data are in normal operation range, it is determined that value output
Being 1, i.e. in electrical network, undisturbed occurs；When input data are not in normal operation range, it is determined that value is output as-1, i.e. has in electrical network
Disturbance occurs.
3. the single large disturbances online test method of electrical network based on WAMS as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Step 2) in detection method based on switching value be to judge according to remote signalling category information and remote measurement category information switch amount action
Table carries out inquiry and judges.
4. the single large disturbances online test method of electrical network based on WAMS as described in claim 1-3 any claim, its
Feature is: described step 3) in the method for information fusion be:
Set the credibility of testing result of the electric parameters uploaded based on WAMS as 0.9, the switching value change uploaded based on SCADA
The credibility of the testing result of situation is 0.8；
The underlying probabilities of F is assigned as:
Underlying probabilities be assigned as:
Wherein Xji=F, orJ=1 ...., M, i=1,2.
5. the single large disturbances online test method of electrical network based on WAMS as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: described step
4) criterion that information fusion result is analyzed in carrying out Disturbance Detection result judgement is:
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610207363.1A CN105844542B (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2016-03-30 | WAMS-based online detection method for single large disturbance of power grid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| CN108964049A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-07 | 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Electric system small interference stability appraisal procedure and device |
| CN112905958A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-04 | 南京国电南自电网自动化有限公司 | Short-time data window telemetry data state identification method and system based on measurement and control device |
| CN114115191A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-03-01 | 国网冀北电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Hardware-in-loop test method and device for power control system of flexible direct new energy station |
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| CN105093033A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-11-25 | 华中电网有限公司 | Power grid multi-source information-based fault integrated analysis system and analysis method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108964049A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-07 | 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Electric system small interference stability appraisal procedure and device |
| CN112905958A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-04 | 南京国电南自电网自动化有限公司 | Short-time data window telemetry data state identification method and system based on measurement and control device |
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| CN114115191A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-03-01 | 国网冀北电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Hardware-in-loop test method and device for power control system of flexible direct new energy station |
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