CN105844320A - Antenna and radio frequency identification system - Google Patents
Antenna and radio frequency identification system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105844320A CN105844320A CN201510018901.8A CN201510018901A CN105844320A CN 105844320 A CN105844320 A CN 105844320A CN 201510018901 A CN201510018901 A CN 201510018901A CN 105844320 A CN105844320 A CN 105844320A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an antenna and a radio frequency identification system, and the antenna comprises a first coil unit and a second coil unit. A first coil and a second coil are perpendicular to each other and are not intersected with each other. The first and second coils are respectively coupled to an antenna matching circuit. According to the above scheme, the antenna can improve the recognition rate of tags.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of RFID, particularly relate to a kind of antenna and radio-frequency recognition system.
Background technology
RF identification (Radio Frequency Identification, RFID) is a kind of communication technology, and it can
With by radio wave identification specific objective and read and write related data, and without setting up between specific objective
Machinery or optical contact.
Typical rfid system is made up of reader, label (transponder) and data handling system.For
The rfid system of high frequency, communicating between reader with label be by aerial coil between inductive complete
The transmission of information.
In prior art, when reader reads the identity information of label, antenna uses single coil to be connected to
On mainboard, but, the deposit position of label is different so that antenna only can recognize that the mark on specific direction
Sign, and the label on other directions be cannot be carried out identifying, accordingly, there exist tag recognition rate low
Problem.
Summary of the invention
What the embodiment of the present invention solved is the discrimination how improving label.
For solving the problems referred to above, embodiments providing a kind of antenna, described antenna includes:
First coil unit and the second coil unit, described first coil unit and described second coil unit
Be arranged in a mutually vertical manner and non-intersect, described first coil unit and described second coil unit respectively with accordingly
Antenna-matching circuit couple.
Alternatively, described first coil unit includes first coil, the second coil, tertiary coil and the 4th
Coil;
Described first coil is connected with described second coils connected in series, forms first coil group;
Described tertiary coil is connected with described 4th coils connected in series, forms the second coil groups;
Described first coil group is connected in parallel with described second coil groups.
Alternatively, described second coil unit includes: the 5th coil, the 6th coil, the 7th coil and
Eight coils;
Described 5th coil is connected with described 6th coils connected in series, forms tertiary coil group;
Described 7th coil is connected with described 8th coils connected in series, forms the 4th coil groups;
Described tertiary coil group is connected in parallel with described 4th coil groups.
Alternatively, described first coil, described second coil, described tertiary coil, described 4th coil,
Described 5th coil, described 6th coil, described 7th coil are identical with described 8th coil.
Alternatively, the length of side of described square coil is described antenna maximum receiving rangeTimes.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of radio-frequency recognition system, and described system includes: label, first
Reader and user terminal, described reader couples with described label and described user terminal respectively, described
First reader includes above-mentioned antenna, radio frequency unit and control unit, wherein:
Described radio frequency unit, is suitable to send the request of the identity information reading described label, and receives described
The identity information of label;
Described control unit, is suitable to receive the request of the identity information that user terminal reads described label, will
The identity information of the described label that described radio frequency unit sends verifies and identifies, and the institute that will identify that
The identity information stating label is converted into the transmission of corresponding digital signal to described user terminal.
Alternatively, described reader also includes: aerial array and antenna switching unit, described antenna and institute
State aerial array to be connected with described radio frequency unit by described antenna switching unit;
Described control unit is further adapted for controlling the switching between described antenna and described aerial array;
Described antenna switching unit, is suitable to the control signal of the antenna switching sent according to described control unit
It is each turned off or sets up and described aerial array or the connection of described antenna.
Alternatively, described system also includes the second reader, described second reader respectively with described label
Connect with described user terminal.
Compared with prior art, technical scheme has the advantage that
It is arranged in a mutually vertical manner by employing and disjoint first coil unit and the second coil unit, when
In one coil unit and the second coil during unit input current, the magnetic field and second that first coil unit produces
The magnetic field that coil unit produces is mutually perpendicular to, and can identify the label in all directions, such that it is able to carry
The discrimination of high label.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of antenna in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the first coil unit in the another kind of antenna in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the second coil unit in the another kind of antenna in the embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of a kind of radio-frequency recognition system in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the first reader in a kind of radio-frequency recognition system in the embodiment of the present invention and user terminal
Between data transmission procedure schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
For solving the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the technical scheme that the embodiment of the present invention uses is passed through
Use first coil unit and the second coil unit that can produce orthogonal magnetic field in antennas, from
And the label in all directions can be identified, the discrimination of label can be improved.
Understandable, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings for enabling the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage to become apparent from
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of a kind of antenna in the embodiment of the present invention.Sky as shown in Figure 1
Line 100, may include that
First coil unit 101 and the second coil unit 102, described first coil 101 and described second line
Coil unit 102 is arranged in a mutually vertical manner and non-intersect, described first coil unit 101, described second coil list
Unit 102 couples with corresponding antenna-matching circuit (not shown) the most respectively.
When input current in unit in first coil unit 101 and the second coil 102, first coil
The magnetic field that the magnetic field that unit 101 produces and the second coil unit 102 produce is mutually perpendicular to, such that it is able to know
Do not go out the label in all directions, such that it is able to improve the discrimination of label.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 respectively illustrates the first coil unit in the another kind of antenna in the embodiment of the present invention
Structural representation with the second coil unit.
Shown in Figure 2, described first coil unit 201 can include first coil 201a, second
Coil 201b, tertiary coil 201c and the 4th coil 201d, wherein:
Described first coil 201a is connected in series with described second coil 202b, forms first coil group,
Described tertiary coil 201c is connected in series with described 4th coil 201d, forms the second coil groups, described
First coil group is connected in parallel with described second coil groups.
Shown in Figure 3, described second coil unit 202 can include the 5th coil 202a, the 6th
Coil 202b, the 7th coil 202c and the 8th coil 202d, wherein:
Described 5th coil 202a is connected in series with described 6th coil 202b, forms tertiary coil group;
Described 7th coil 202c is connected in series with described 8th coil 202d, forms the 4th coil groups;Described
Tertiary coil group is connected in parallel with described 4th coil groups.
In being embodied as, first coil 201a, the second coil 201b, tertiary coil 201c and the 4th line
Enclose 201d, the 5th coil 202a, the 6th coil 202b, the 7th coil 202c and the 8th coil 202d can
With identical.
Below as a example by first coil unit 201, the first coil list being discussed in detail in the embodiment of the present invention
Unit 201 and the reason using above-mentioned connected mode of the second coil unit:
It is known that when described antenna includes single coil, there is not asking of the magnetic interference between coil
Topic.But, when using multiple coil combination to substitute single coil, the magnetic between adjacent windings can be there is
Field interference, i.e. the interference that the interference of sense of current generation and mutual inductance produce.
When adjacent two coils arrange in the same way, two coils region between two coils produces
Magnetic direction is identical, strengthens each other, closes magnetic field intensity and is better than the magnetic field intensity that single coil produces.Therefore,
When above-mentioned coil is combined, can will arrange according to identical magnetic direction between adjacent windings.
It is intended at first coil 201a and tertiary coil 201c two as in figure 2 it is shown, the most confirmable
Coil goes out to draw respectively corresponding first lead line (not shown) and the second lead line (in figure not
Illustrate) it is connected with antenna-matching circuit (not shown).In an embodiment of the present invention, first
The sense of current of coil 201a is as in figure 2 it is shown, so that adjacent two coils are mutually reinforcing, by phase
Can arrange according to same way between adjacent two coils that (the most adjacent sense of current in two coils is answered
This is consistent), therefore, when the sense of current of first coil 201a determines, the second coil 201b, the 3rd
Coil 201c and the 4th coil 201d can also decide.
After the sense of current in each coil in determining first coil unit 201, can use such as
Lower method determines the connected mode between each coil:
It should be noted that different connected modes can cause the first coil in first coil unit 201
Obtain after 201a, the second coil 201b, tertiary coil 201c and the electric current of the 4th coil 201d and combination
The difference of total inductance of first coil unit 201, and the electric current in each coil and first coil unit
The total inductance of 201 can affect again the performance of described antenna.
According to Circuit theory, the identical inductance of M inductance value when series connection total inductance equal to single inductance
M times, the electric current flowing through each inductive branch is equal to total current;The identical inductance of M inductance value is also
During connection, total inductance is equal to 1/M times of single inductance, and the electric current flowing through each inductance is equal to the 1/M of total current.
Therefore, by first coil 201a, the second coil 201b, tertiary coil 201c and the 4th coil
When 201d connects, the total inductance that should keep first coil unit 201 can not be excessive, in order to avoid being difficult to and phase
Electric capacity in the antenna-matching circuit answered mates, again keep first coil 201a, the second coil 201b,
Current value in tertiary coil 201c and the 4th coil 201d is sufficiently large, so that the center of each coil
There is bigger magnetic induction to read corresponding data.
To sum up, by first coil 201a, the second coil 201b, tertiary coil 201c and the 4th coil
When 201d connects, it is impossible to single use serial or parallel connection and be intended to use string the mode that combines so that
In allowed limits, and each coil can correctly read and be positioned at the total inductance of first coil unit 210
The data in label on magnetic direction.In other words, it is simply that by the total inductance of first coil unit 210
Control in the range of suitably, in order to mate with corresponding antenna-matching circuit.
In being embodied as, first coil 201a in described first coil unit 201, the second coil 201b,
The 5th coil 202a in tertiary coil 201c and the 4th coil 201d and described second coil unit 202,
6th coil 202b, the 7th coil 202c and the 8th coil 202d can be identical, and respectively positive direction
Coil, the length of side of described square coil is described antenna maximum receiving rangeTimes.
It is why described antenna maximum receiving range by the length of side of square coilReason again is as follows:
First, according to Ampere law:
Wherein, B represents magnetic induction, μ0For permeability of vacuum, r is the radius of conductor, and i is conductor
In current value, α 1, α 2 are respectively the magnetic induction density B of space certain point and the angle of wire.
From formula (1), when electric current flows through one section of conductor, magnetic field, magnetic can be produced around conductor
The magnetic induction of field is directly proportional to the current value flowing through conductor, is inversely proportional to the radius away from conductor.
According to Biot Savart law:
Wherein,Site is being asked to produce magnetic induction, l for current elements1-l2For path of integration, idl is electric current
Unit, r is current elements to seeking the distance of site,The vector seeking site is pointed to for current elements.
Can be drawn by formula (2), be the magnetic induction density B at X in distance hub of a spool vertical dimension
Size be:
Wherein, B represents magnetic induction, μ0For permeability of vacuum, X is vertical from each hub of a spool
Distance, R is the length of side of each coil, and i is current value, and N is coil turn.
Below according to formula (3), R derivation is drawn:
And makeThe length of side of coil when B has maximum can be calculated
The magnetic induction that therein ± expression antenna produces is in two directions of propagation of the axis being perpendicular to coil.
Therefore, in order to improve the RF identification rate of coil, the length of side of described square coil can be arranged
For described antenna maximum receiving rangeTimes.
Fig. 4 shows the structural representation of a kind of radio-frequency recognition system in the embodiment of the present invention.Such as Fig. 4
Shown radio-frequency recognition system, may include that label the 301, first reader 302 and user terminal 303,
Reader 302 couples with label 301 and user terminal 303 respectively.
In being embodied as, the first reader 302 can include above-mentioned antenna 302a, radio frequency unit 302b
With control unit 302c, wherein:
Described radio frequency unit 302b, is suitable to send the request of the identity information reading described label, and receives
The identity information of described label.
Described control unit 302c, is suitable to receive user terminal 303 and reads the identity information of label 301
Request, the identity information of the label 301 sent by radio frequency unit 302b verifies and identifies, and will know
The identity information of the label 301 not gone out is converted into corresponding digital signal and sends to described user terminal 303.
In being embodied as, in order to reduce cost, the first reader 302 can also include aerial array 302d
With antenna switching unit 302e, antenna 302a and aerial array 302d by antenna switching unit 302e with
Radio frequency unit 302b is connected, wherein:
Described control unit 302c, be further adapted for controlling described antenna 302a and described aerial array 302d it
Between switching.
Described antenna switching unit 302e, is suitable to what the antenna according to the transmission of described control unit 302c switched
Control signal is each turned off or sets up and aerial array 302d or the connection of antenna 302a.
In being embodied as, radio-frequency recognition system as shown in Figure 4 also include can the second reader 304,
Described second reader 304 is connected with described user terminal 303.
It is to be herein pointed out the second reader 304 is reader of the prior art, its work frequency
Rate is 13.56MHz.
So that the radio-frequency recognition system in the embodiment of the present invention can meet diversified demand, this
Radio-frequency recognition system in a bright embodiment can include the first reader 301 and the second reader 304 simultaneously.
So, user just can select to use the first reader 301 or second to read according to the actual needs
Device 304 communicates with label 301 and user terminal 303.
In one embodiment of this invention, user terminal 303 and first reader the 302, second reader
It is respectively adopted 458 buses between 304 to communicate, owing to 458 buses can realize the data biography of one-to-many
Defeated, therefore, in order to ensure the transmission of the most reliably data, user terminal 303 can pass through 458 buses
It is connected with the first reader 302 and the second reader 304 respectively.
As it is shown in figure 5, in order to ensure the reliability of data transmission, user terminal 303 and the first reader
Such a way can be used between 302 to carry out information transmission:
S501, for the first time handshake phase:
User terminal 303 sends information request frame, and enters wait and answer pattern.Wherein, described information
Claim frame includes the information such as the mark of user terminal 303, order, identification code.If in Preset Time,
User terminal 303 does not obtains the response of the first reader 302, will again initiate to shake hands for the first time.
S502, the second handshake stage:
First reader 302, when receiving the information request frame that user terminal 303 sends, reads label
The identity information of 301 also carries out CRC check, sends acknowledgement frame after verification is errorless.Wherein, described should
Answer the label 301 that frame includes that the identification information of the first reader 302 and the first reader 302 read
Identity information.Meanwhile, user terminal 303 by the mark+1 of self, and can enter standby mode.
S503, for the third time handshake phase:
User terminal 303, after receiving the acknowledgement frame that the first reader 301 sends, carries out CRC check.
When the check results of the user terminal 303 acknowledgement frame to being received be acknowledgement frame wrong time, user terminal 303
It is again introduced into described first time handshake phase;Otherwise, user terminal 303 then resolves the acceptance of the bid of described acknowledgement frame
Sign the identity information of 301.
The result of the identity information of the label 301 in user terminal 303 resolves described acknowledgement frame is described
When the identity information of label 301 is wrong, user terminal 303 is again introduced into handshake phase for the first time;Otherwise,
Then the identity information of the label 301 parsed is stored in local data base, and sends acknowledgement frame
To the first reader 302.Wherein, the identification information+2 of the user terminal 303 in described acknowledgement frame.
First reader 302, when receiving the acknowledgement frame that user terminal 303 sends, is deleted from self
The identity information of the label 301 sent in the described second handshake stage.
It is to be herein pointed out in the embodiment of the present invention the first reader 301 and user terminal 303 it
Between have employed with transmission control protocol (Transmission Control Protocol, TCP) in " three times
Shake hands " similar mode carries out data transmission.But, the three-way handshake in Transmission Control Protocol is used only for building
Vertical connect, set up the transmission that just can carry out data after connecting, and the three-way handshake in the embodiment of the present invention
Stage is directly used in the transmission of data, this data transfer mode may insure that safety that data transmit and
Reliability.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of step in the various methods of above-described embodiment
Suddenly the program that can be by completes to instruct relevant hardware, and this program can be stored in computer-readable
In storage medium, storage medium may include that ROM, RAM, disk or CD etc..
Having been described in detail the method and system of the embodiment of the present invention above, the present invention is not limited to this.
Any those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, all can make various change with
Amendment, therefore protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with claim limited range.
Claims (8)
1. an antenna, it is characterised in that including: first coil unit and the second coil unit, described first
Coil unit is arranged in a mutually vertical manner and non-intersect with described second coil unit, described first coil unit
Couple with corresponding antenna-matching circuit respectively with described second coil unit.
Antenna the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described first coil unit includes First Line
Circle, the second coil, tertiary coil and the 4th coil;
Described first coil is connected with described second coils connected in series, forms first coil group;
Described tertiary coil is connected with described 4th coils connected in series, forms the second coil groups;
Described first coil group is connected in parallel with described second coil groups.
Antenna the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described second coil unit includes:
5th coil, the 6th coil, the 7th coil and the 8th coil;
Described 5th coil is connected with described 6th coils connected in series, forms tertiary coil group;
Described 7th coil is connected with described 8th coils connected in series, forms the 4th coil groups;
Described tertiary coil group is connected in parallel with described 4th coil groups.
Antenna the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described first coil, described second coil,
Described tertiary coil, described 4th coil, described 5th coil, described 6th coil, the described 7th
Coil is identical with described 8th coil.
Antenna the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the length of side of described square coil is described
Antenna maximum receiving rangeTimes.
6. a radio-frequency recognition system, it is characterised in that including: label, the first reader and user terminal,
Described reader couples with described label and described user terminal respectively, and described first reader includes power
Profit requires the antenna described in any one of 1-5, radio frequency unit and control unit, wherein:
Described radio frequency unit, is suitable to send the request of the identity information reading described label, and receives described mark
The identity information signed;
Described control unit, is suitable to receive the request of the identity information that user terminal reads described label, by institute
The identity information stating the described label that radio frequency unit sends verifies and identifies, and the institute that will identify that
The identity information stating label is converted into the transmission of corresponding digital signal to described user terminal.
Radio-frequency recognition system the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described reader also includes:
Aerial array and antenna switching unit, described antenna and described aerial array are single by the switching of described antenna
First and described radio frequency unit is connected;
Described control unit is further adapted for controlling the switching between described antenna and described aerial array;
Described antenna switching unit, is suitable to the control signal according to the antenna that described control unit sends switches and divides
Do not disconnect or set up and described aerial array or the connection of described antenna.
Radio-frequency recognition system the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that also include the second reader,
Described second reader is connected with described label and described user terminal respectively.
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CN109361058A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-19 | 公安部第研究所 | A kind of antenna of remote recognition label |
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