CN105842692A - Atmospheric correction method during INSAR measurement - Google Patents

Atmospheric correction method during INSAR measurement Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105842692A
CN105842692A CN201610154435.0A CN201610154435A CN105842692A CN 105842692 A CN105842692 A CN 105842692A CN 201610154435 A CN201610154435 A CN 201610154435A CN 105842692 A CN105842692 A CN 105842692A
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delay
atmospheric
data
insar
wrf
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CN105842692B (en
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原君娜
谢酬
邵芸
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Chinese Academy of satellite application Deqing Research Institute
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Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth of CAS
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
    • G01S13/9021—SAR image post-processing techniques
    • G01S13/9023—SAR image post-processing techniques combined with interferometric techniques

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Image Processing (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an atmospheric correction method during INSAR measurement. The method comprises the following steps of (1) using a WRF model to simulate a parameter needed during calculation of atmospheric delay, wherein the WRF model adopts GFS data as meteorological data; (2) calculating dry and wet atmospheric delay; (3) converting the atmospheric delay into phase delay; and (4) removing an atmospheric delay phase in an INSAR interference phase diagram. In the method, a mesoscale atmospheric model WRF is used to carry out atmospheric correction and the model can predict a weather condition and can reach a 1km resolution level, which is better than a prediction condition through using a method based on MERIS, MODIS and GPS data. By using the GFS meteorological data, a prediction data time interval is 3 hours and the data is updated for every 6b hours so that timeliness is high. A measurement result is accurate and the method is suitable for popularization and application.

Description

A kind of atmospheric correction method in INSAR measurement
Technical field
The present invention relates to remote sensing technology field, (Interferometric SAR synthesizes hole to particularly relate to a kind of INSAR Footpath radar interference) measure in atmospheric correction method.
Background technology
Atmosphere delay is one of most important factor affecting interferometric phase precision.Generally SSO (Sun Synchronous Orbit) SAR satellite flight height General 500～800km, SAR electromagnetic wave propagation needs through ionosphere (the more than earth's surface gas-bearing formation of about 80km to 85～800km) With troposphere (earth's surface to 7～the gas-bearing formation of 12km), thus by ionosphere and tropospheric impact.In ionosphere mainly due to The scattering effect of ionized atmosphere causes electromagnetic wave propagation to postpone；Simultaneously because ionospheric electron density total content (Total Electron Content, TEC) change so that electromagnetic wave propagation path changes.In troposphere, due to air Temperature, air pressure and humidity all with Level Change, make air show as a kind of layered medium, cause the refractive index of air with Height change, and make electromagnetic wave propagation path change；Further, since electromagnetic wave is by cloud, rainfall and particle etc. Liquid and the warpage of solid particle, absorb, reflect and scattering process, also result in signal propagation delays and path bending.
Atmospheric parameter is divided into the most again damp atmosphere parameter (referring to that in air, steam divides air pressure) and dry atmospheric parameter, and (i.e. static(al) is big Gas parameter, including dry atmospheric pressure and temperature), the atmosphere delay thus caused is respectively atmospheric moisture and postpones and atmosphere dry delay.Dry Postponing more stable in time domain, have the characteristic that large scale changes in spatial domain, the wet stack emission in troposphere prolongs at total body atmosphere Leading position is occupied in Chi.Such as, for L-band, radar wavelength λ is 22cm, and incidence angle θ scope is 20 °～30 °, ZWD (ZenithWetDelay, the delay on zenith direction that the steam causes) error of 10mm can cause interferogram 0.16～ 0.23 Phase delay；The deformation error that the ZWD error of 10mm causes is 4.8mm～7.1mm.When oblique distance R is 800km, vertically When baseline is 251m, the vertical error that the ZWD error of 10mm causes is 23m～36m.
At present, relatively effective air relatively positive model is to carry out atmospheric correction based on MERIS steam product (Xu Ji, to thank to reward Deng, 2007).Utilize MERIS data to carry out atmospheric phase correction, mainly include that acquisition can settle moisture content, calculate satellite mistake During border, corresponding Zenith wet delay and analysis are interfered upper 3 parts of atmospheric phase.Steam can be settled from MERIS data acquisition Content (PerceptibleWaveVapor, PWV) and cloud information.The 14 of MERIS sensor, 15 channel wavelengths are respectively 0.89 μm With 0.90 μm, 0.90 μm therein is positioned at Atmospheric Absorption wavelength band, and 0.89 μm is atmospheric window.Between the two passage Reflected radiation is than an index of the atmospheric water vapor amount that can be used to as MERIS sensor.MERIS atmospheric retrieval algorithm leads to It it is all often the multinomial pass of the ratio setting up 15,14 passages and integrated water vapor conteut (Integrated Water Vapor, IWV) Fasten, i.e.
I W V = k 0 + k 1 lg ( I 15 I 14 ) + k 2 lg 2 ( I 15 I 14 ) - - - ( 1 )
In formula, I15And I14Represent the radiation value of MERIS sensor 15,14 passage respectively；k0、k1And k2For regression coefficient. Owing to the density of steam is 1.0 × 103kg/m3, IWV and moisture content PWV can be settled there is identical numerical value.In cloudless feelings Under condition, algorithm theoretical precision on land is 1.6mm.MER_RR_2P provides with g/cm2Water Vapor Content for unit Data.The information of the relevant cloud that MER_RR_2P provides includes the type of cloud and the optical thickness of cloud, permissible according to these information Determine that when satellite passes by, the cloud amount in this region is the most excessive and this scape MERIS data are appropriate for carry out atmospheric correction.For Jth point in i-th scape SAR data, according to radar imagery geometry, can calculate the space three-dimensional of this corresponding ground target Coordinate vector Xj, can also calculate the incidence angle θ that this ground target is corresponding when each scape ASAR data imaging simultaneouslyi j, root According to Xj, by two-dimensional interpolation computing, from the MERIS data corresponding with the i-th scape ASAR data, it is possible to obtain obtaining the i-th scape The settled moisture content PWV that during ASAR data, jth point is correspondingi jWith cloud information.To the pixel on SAR image, steam is made The delay (ZenithWetDelay, ZWD) on zenith direction become can represent with PWV, i.e.
ZWD=∏-1PWV (2)
In formula, Π is conversion coefficient, relevant to the actual surface temperature of region during data acquisition.Cloudless determining Or in the case of cloud amount is less, according to formula (2), in conjunction with the actual surface temperature T of region during data acquisitioni, from settling Moisture content obtains the delay on the zenith direction that on the i-th scape ASAR data jth point, steam causes.According to formula (2), due to The measurement error of PWV, causes the calculating error of atmospheric phase in SAR data to be represented by
In formula, λ is SAR sensor wavelength；θincGround point entering when imaging corresponding to pixel on SAR image Firing angle.
Said method has the disadvantage that
1, MERIS obtains moisture content data is affected by cloud, and therefore in the region having cloud, the moisture content of these data is not Accurately.
2, the method is limited by MERIS data time resolution, and the reception time of data is fixing, data time and The time of actual interferogram has deviation, affects result of calculation.
As can be seen here, above-mentioned existing atmospheric correction method, it is clear that still suffered from inconvenience and defect, and urgently entered Step is improved.How to found the atmospheric correction method in the new INSAR measurement of a kind of reliable results, becoming current industry pole needs The target improved.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the atmospheric correction side during a kind of result INSAR accurately and reliably measures Method.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of atmospheric correction method in INSAR measurement, including: (1) utilizes WRF modeling out to calculate atmosphere delay Required parameter, the meteorological data that described WRF model uses is GFS data；(2) dry, damp atmosphere delay is calculated；(3) will be big Gas postpones to be converted to Phase delay；(4) in INSAR interferometric phase image, atmosphere delay phase place is removed.
Further, described WRF model includes that WPS processes step and WRF processes step, calculates required for atmosphere delay Parameter includes temperature, humidity, air pressure.
Further, while, damp atmosphere dry in calculating postpones, it is simultaneously entered dem data, angle of incidence, wavelength, resolution Rate, longitude and latitude scope, interferogram file, carry out space interpolation, and the delay of the zenith direction calculated be converted into oblique distance Postpone (unit: cm), then oblique distance delay (unit: cm) is changed into Phase delay (unit: rad), is obtained by drawing software Go out atmosphere delay design sketch；Postpone processed good INSAR interferometric phase image cuts atmospheric phase, i.e. can get air phase Interferogram after bit correction.
The present invention utilizes WRF model to carry out InSAR atmospheric correction can obtain effective meteorologic parameter more in real time, calculates The atmosphere delay phase place come is more accurate；This process employs elevation information, delay phase place is carried out by spatial altitude distribution Interpolation, result is more reliable, and the accuracy of InSAR technology is made the biggest contribution by this bearing calibration.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Above-mentioned is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the technological means of the present invention, below In conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail with detailed description of the invention.
Fig. 1 be in Fig. 1 WRF model WPS, WRF processing routine and between graph of a relation；
Fig. 2 is to utilize WRF model to carry out atmospheric correction flow chart；
Fig. 3 is to use the inventive method that the data of Delta Region of The Yellow River carry out the atmosphere delay knot that atmospheric correction draws Fruit figure；
Fig. 4 is the interferogram before the atmospheric correction of Delta Region of The Yellow River；
Fig. 5 is the interferogram after the atmospheric correction of Delta Region of The Yellow River.
Detailed description of the invention
As in figure 2 it is shown, the atmospheric correction in measuring for INSAR, the present invention out counts mainly by WRF modeling Calculate the temperature required for atmosphere delay, humidity, air pressure, geopotential unit；These atmospheric parameters are utilized to calculate big air dry, wet stack emission.
WRF (Weather Research Forecast) modular system is by many American Studies departments and the section of university Scholar participates in developing the mesoscale Forecast Mode of new generation of research and assimilation system jointly, is air mould flexible, perfect Plan system, has portable, efficiently, and can the characteristic of concurrent operation, be widely used in from rice to thousands of miles.Including: in real time Numerical weather forecast, prediction research, parametrization research etc..The multiple meteorological data of WRF model supports, meteorology of the present invention Data are GFS data, the GFS (Global Forecast System) in Environmental forecasting centre, and its forecast data can forecast following 8 days The weather of 192 totally hours, forecast data time interval is 3 hours, and resolution has 1 ° * 1 °, also has 0.5 ° * 0.5 °.Every 6 Hour update once, four times a day, when 06, when 12, when 18, when 00, respectively at 03:30,09:30,15:30,21:30UTC are more Newly.The preprocessing system (The WRF Preprocessing System, WPS) of WRF processes for real-time data, functional packet Include: definition simulated domain；Interpolation topographic(al) data (such as landform, soil table and soil types) is to simulated domain；Other patterns of interpolation Data (such as meteorological element etc.) arrives simulated domain and pattern coordinate.
Coordinating shown in Fig. 1, three steps of WPS include: utilize geogrid module to determine the rough region of a pattern (scope of outermost)；Utilize ungrib that required meteorological element field during simulation is extracted from grib data set；Profit With metgrid above-mentioned meteorological element field Horizontal interpolation to mode region.Two steps of WRF: run WRF data program real.exe；Run WRF pattern mastery routine wrf.exe.WRF model running destination file wrfplev_d*, wrfout_ out D* is using the input file as follow-up atmospheric correction.By MATLAB program, the middle temperature of meteorologic parameter, humidity, air pressure etc. are joined Number extracts, and calculates atmosphere delay.
Coordinate shown in Fig. 2, the atmospheric correction method during INSAR measures in the present invention, calculating the same of wet-dry atmos delay Time, dem data to be inputted, angle of incidence, wavelength, resolution, longitude and latitude scope, interferogram file, carry out space interpolation, and The delay (unit: cm) of the zenith direction calculated is converted into oblique distance postpone, then oblique distance is postponed to be changed into phase place and prolong Late (unit: rad), atmosphere delay design sketch is drawn by drawing software.Processed good interferogram will cut atmosphere delay Phase place, i.e. can get the interferogram after atmospheric phase correction.
The above-mentioned atmospheric correction method of the present invention, make use of Atmospheric models WRF of mesoscale to do atmospheric correction, WRF model Can simulate out the various meteorological elements calculated required for atmosphere delay, including temperature, humidity, air pressure etc., model can be pre- The situation of predicting weather reaches the level of resolution of 1 kilometer, is far superior to the method based on MERIS, MODIS and gps data.Used GFS meteorological data, forecast data time interval is 3 hours, updates once every 6 hours, ageing higher.This process employs Elevation information, carries out interpolation to delay phase place in spatial altitude distribution, and result is more reliable.
Utilize the method that the data of Delta Region of The Yellow River have been carried out atmospheric correction.Data used are ALOS-1, number Being 20070628,20070813 according to the date, resolution is 15 meters.Draw total atmosphere delay result as it is shown on figure 3, atmosphere delay Value is-1-7cm.As shown in Figure 4, the interferogram after atmospheric correction is as shown in Figure 5 for interferogram before atmospheric correction.
The above, be only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention not makees any pro forma restriction, this Skilled person utilizes the technology contents of the disclosure above to make a little simple modification, equivalent variations or modification, all falls within this In bright protection domain.

Claims (3)

1. the atmospheric correction method during an INSAR measures, it is characterised in that including:
(1) WRF modeling is utilized out to calculate the parameter required for atmosphere delay, the meteorological data that described WRF model uses It is GFS data；
(2) dry, damp atmosphere delay is calculated；
(3) atmosphere delay is converted to Phase delay；
(4) in INSAR interferometric phase image, atmosphere delay phase place is removed.
Atmospheric correction method in a kind of INSAR the most according to claim 1 measurement, it is characterised in that described WRF model Processing step including WPS and WRF processes step, the parameter required for calculating atmosphere delay includes temperature, humidity, air pressure, potential Highly.
Atmospheric correction method in a kind of INSAR the most according to claim 1 and 2 measurement, it is characterised in that calculating When dry, damp atmosphere postpones, it is simultaneously entered dem data, angle of incidence, wavelength, resolution, longitude and latitude scope, interferogram file, carries out Space interpolation, and the delay of the zenith direction calculated is converted into oblique distance delay, then postpone to be changed into phase place by oblique distance Postpone, draw atmosphere delay design sketch by drawing software；Processed good INSAR interferometric phase image will cut atmosphere delay Phase place, i.e. can get the interferogram after atmospheric phase correction.
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CN107566070A (en) * 2017-09-04 2018-01-09 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） The method of one-way synchronization transmission time frequency
CN108897073A (en) * 2018-06-20 2018-11-27 西安电子科技大学 Weather prediction method based on Beidou signal and terrestrial wireless signal
CN110031841A (en) * 2019-04-01 2019-07-19 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 The method and system of InSAR atmospheric delay correction based on ECMWF
CN111679346A (en) * 2019-12-27 2020-09-18 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 Atmospheric water-reducing quantity estimation method and device
CN112711022A (en) * 2020-12-18 2021-04-27 中国矿业大学 GNSS chromatography-assisted InSAR (interferometric synthetic aperture radar) atmospheric delay correction method
CN113281754A (en) * 2021-07-26 2021-08-20 中国水利水电科学研究院 WRF-Hydro key parameter calibration method for quantitatively estimating rainfall by integrating rainfall station with radar
CN114624708A (en) * 2022-05-16 2022-06-14 中山大学 Atmospheric correction method and system in complex environment
WO2024113421A1 (en) * 2022-12-02 2024-06-06 深圳先进技术研究院 Method and system for quantitative evaluation of atmospheric delay phase correction precision, device, and medium
CN118625322A (en) * 2024-08-12 2024-09-10 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 InSAR ionosphere delay correction method based on global ionosphere map
CN118625322B (en) * 2024-08-12 2024-10-22 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 InSAR ionosphere delay correction method based on global ionosphere map

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Cited By (15)

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CN107566070A (en) * 2017-09-04 2018-01-09 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） The method of one-way synchronization transmission time frequency
CN107566070B (en) * 2017-09-04 2019-05-07 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） The method of one-way synchronization transmission time frequency
CN107483137B (en) * 2017-09-04 2019-06-28 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） Multistation split-second precision frequency synchronization method
CN107483137A (en) * 2017-09-04 2017-12-15 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） Multistation split-second precision frequency synchronization method
CN108897073A (en) * 2018-06-20 2018-11-27 西安电子科技大学 Weather prediction method based on Beidou signal and terrestrial wireless signal
CN110031841B (en) * 2019-04-01 2021-07-23 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 ECMWF-based InSAR (interferometric synthetic aperture radar) atmospheric delay correction method and system
CN110031841A (en) * 2019-04-01 2019-07-19 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 The method and system of InSAR atmospheric delay correction based on ECMWF
CN111679346A (en) * 2019-12-27 2020-09-18 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 Atmospheric water-reducing quantity estimation method and device
CN112711022A (en) * 2020-12-18 2021-04-27 中国矿业大学 GNSS chromatography-assisted InSAR (interferometric synthetic aperture radar) atmospheric delay correction method
CN112711022B (en) * 2020-12-18 2022-08-30 中国矿业大学 GNSS chromatography-assisted InSAR (interferometric synthetic aperture radar) atmospheric delay correction method
CN113281754A (en) * 2021-07-26 2021-08-20 中国水利水电科学研究院 WRF-Hydro key parameter calibration method for quantitatively estimating rainfall by integrating rainfall station with radar
CN114624708A (en) * 2022-05-16 2022-06-14 中山大学 Atmospheric correction method and system in complex environment
WO2024113421A1 (en) * 2022-12-02 2024-06-06 深圳先进技术研究院 Method and system for quantitative evaluation of atmospheric delay phase correction precision, device, and medium
CN118625322A (en) * 2024-08-12 2024-09-10 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 InSAR ionosphere delay correction method based on global ionosphere map
CN118625322B (en) * 2024-08-12 2024-10-22 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 InSAR ionosphere delay correction method based on global ionosphere map

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