CN105842691A - Automatic adjustment and inlay method of large area InSAR deformation result and device thereof - Google Patents

Automatic adjustment and inlay method of large area InSAR deformation result and device thereof Download PDF

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CN105842691A
CN105842691A CN201610154331.XA CN201610154331A CN105842691A CN 105842691 A CN105842691 A CN 105842691A CN 201610154331 A CN201610154331 A CN 201610154331A CN 105842691 A CN105842691 A CN 105842691A
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张永红
吴宏安
康永辉
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Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping
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    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
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    • G01S13/90Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
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    • G01S13/9023SAR image post-processing techniques combined with interferometric techniques

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Abstract

An embodiment of the invention provides an automatic adjustment and inlay method of a large area InSAR deformation result and a device thereof. The method comprises the following steps of automatically identifying a homonymy high coherence point on a large area InSAR adjacent scene SAR image; using the automatically-identified homonymy high coherence point to establish an adjustment model of a large area deformation result and generating an adjustment equation; resolving the adjustment equation and acquiring an adjustment correction amount of a deformation rate of each single scene coverage area in the large area; and using the resolved adjustment correction amounts of the deformation rates of the plurality of single scene coverage areas in the large area to carry out automatic inlay on a large area deformation result. By using the above technical scheme, the scheme can be automatically realized; and large-area coordinated and consistent surface deformation information can be rapidly obtained so that large area surface deformation can be well monitored.

Description

大区域InSAR形变结果的自动化平差及镶嵌方法及装置Automatic adjustment and mosaic method and device for large-area InSAR deformation results

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及InSAR(Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry,合成孔径雷达干涉测量)技术领域,尤其涉及一种大区域InSAR形变结果的自动化平差及镶嵌方法及装置。The invention relates to the technical field of InSAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry, synthetic aperture radar interferometry), in particular to an automatic adjustment and mosaic method and device for large-area InSAR deformation results.

背景技术Background technique

基于卫星重复轨道的差分合成孔径雷达干涉测量(D-InSAR,Differential InterferometricSAR)技术是上世纪80年代出现的地表形变测量领域的新技术,不仅可取得厘米级的精度,而且能获取面上的信息,相较于分层标、GPS(Global Positioning System,全球定位系统)及水准测量等地面沉降技术有很大的优势。传统的D-InSAR受制于空间失相干、时间失相干和大气干扰等因素,难以保障其应用的稳定性。在20世纪90年代末出现的时间序列InSAR技术则完全突破了这些限制因素,是对D-InSAR技术的一次革新。时间序列InSAR技术的特点是:基于时间序列SAR影像进行处理;处理的对象不是整幅影像的全部像元,而是其中具有稳定散射特性或在较长时间间隔内保持高相干的像元子集(下称“高相干点”)。时间序列InSAR技术总体上可以概括为两类:以永久散射体干涉(Permanent Scatterer或者Persistent Scatterer Interferometry或PS-InSAR)为代表的单一主影像时间序列InSAR技术和以小基线集技术(Small baseline subset interferometry,或SBAS InSAR)为代表的多主影像时间序列InSAR技术。时间序列InSAR技术已经在火山、地震、滑坡、地面沉降等引起的形变监测中得到大量应用。The differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry (D-InSAR, Differential InterferometricSAR) technology based on satellite repeating orbit is a new technology in the field of surface deformation measurement that appeared in the 1980s. It can not only obtain centimeter-level accuracy, but also obtain information on the surface , Compared with layered markers, GPS (Global Positioning System, Global Positioning System) and leveling and other land subsidence technologies, it has great advantages. Traditional D-InSAR is subject to factors such as spatial decoherence, temporal decoherence, and atmospheric interference, making it difficult to guarantee the stability of its application. The time-series InSAR technology that appeared in the late 1990s has completely broken through these limiting factors and is an innovation of D-InSAR technology. The characteristics of time-series InSAR technology are: processing based on time-series SAR images; the object of processing is not all pixels of the entire image, but a subset of pixels that have stable scattering characteristics or maintain high coherence over a long time interval (hereinafter referred to as "high coherence point"). The time-series InSAR technology can generally be summarized into two categories: the single main image time-series InSAR technology represented by permanent scatterer interferometry (Permanent Scatterer or Persistent Scatterer Interferometry or PS-InSAR) and the small baseline subset interferometry technology (Small baseline subset interferometry). , or SBAS InSAR) as the representative multi-primary image time series InSAR technology. Time series InSAR technology has been widely used in deformation monitoring caused by volcanoes, earthquakes, landslides, land subsidence, etc.

地面沉降是在自然和人为因素作用下,由于地壳表层土体压缩而导致区域性地面标高降低的一种地质现象,是一种特殊的地表形变,在我国广泛发生。20世纪90年代初,上海、天津、北京、江苏、浙江、河北等16省(区、市)地面沉降面积约为48700km2,到2003年已达到93855km2,形成了长江三角洲、华北平原、珠江三角洲及汾渭盆地等4个地面沉降灾害严重区。可见,地面沉降已经成为一种区域性灾害现象。目前国内外已经开展的时间序列InSAR形变监测研究,绝大多数仅限于一景SAR影像所覆盖的相对较小的区域。针对需要由多景SAR影像特别是多轨(track)SAR影像覆盖的大区域的InSAR形变监测研究很少。Land subsidence is a geological phenomenon in which the regional ground elevation is lowered due to the compression of the crust and surface soil under the action of natural and human factors. It is a special surface deformation and occurs widely in my country. In the early 1990s, the area of land subsidence in 16 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) including Shanghai, Tianjin, Beijing, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Hebei was about 48,700 km 2 . By 2003, it had reached 93,855 km 2 . Four severe land subsidence disaster areas including the Delta and the Fenwei Basin. It can be seen that land subsidence has become a regional disaster phenomenon. At present, most of the time-series InSAR deformation monitoring researches that have been carried out at home and abroad are limited to a relatively small area covered by one SAR image. There are few studies on InSAR deformation monitoring for large areas that need to be covered by multi-view SAR images, especially multi-track (track) SAR images.

如何在单景时间序列InSAR形变信息提取的基础上,进行多景SAR影像形变结果的平差及镶嵌,以实现大区域形变监测,这是本领域技术人员亟待解决的关键问题。How to adjust and mosaic the deformation results of multi-scene SAR images based on the extraction of InSAR deformation information of single-scene time series, so as to realize large-area deformation monitoring, is a key problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明实施例提供一种大区域InSAR形变结果的自动化平差及镶嵌方法及装置,以解决多景SAR影像形变结果的自动镶嵌问题,从而更好的实现大区域地表形变监测。Embodiments of the present invention provide an automatic adjustment and mosaic method and device for large-area InSAR deformation results to solve the problem of automatic mosaic of multi-view SAR image deformation results, so as to better realize large-area surface deformation monitoring.

一方面,本发明实施例提供了一种大区域InSAR形变结果的自动化平差及镶嵌方法,所述方法包括:On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic adjustment and mosaic method for large-area InSAR deformation results, the method comprising:

对大区域InSAR相邻景SAR影像上同名高相干点进行自动识别;Automatically identify high-coherence points with the same name on large-area InSAR adjacent scene SAR images;

利用自动识别出的同名高相干点,建立所述大区域形变结果的平差模型,生成平差方程;Using the automatically identified high-coherence points with the same name to establish an adjustment model of the large-area deformation result and generate an adjustment equation;

对所述平差方程进行解算,获取所述大区域中每个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量;Solving the adjustment equation to obtain the adjustment correction amount of the deformation rate of each single scene coverage area in the large area;

利用解算出的所述大区域中多个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量,对所述大区域形变结果进行自动镶嵌。The deformation results of the large area are automatically mosaicked by using the calculated adjustment corrections of the deformation rates of the multiple single-scene coverage areas in the large area.

另一方面,本发明实施例提供了一种大区域InSAR形变结果的自动化平差及镶嵌装置,所述装置包括:On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic adjustment and mosaic device for large-area InSAR deformation results, and the device includes:

自动识别单元,用于对大区域InSAR相邻景SAR影像上同名高相干点进行自动识别;Automatic identification unit, used for automatic identification of high-coherence points with the same name on large-area InSAR adjacent scene SAR images;

平差模型建立单元,用于利用自动识别出的同名高相干点,建立所述大区域形变结果的平差模型,生成平差方程;The adjustment model establishment unit is used to establish the adjustment model of the large-area deformation result by using the automatically identified high-coherence points with the same name, and generate the adjustment equation;

平差方程解算单元,用于对所述平差方程进行解算,获取所述大区域中每个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量;The adjustment equation solving unit is used to solve the adjustment equation and obtain the adjustment correction amount of the deformation rate of each single scene coverage area in the large area;

自动镶嵌单元,用于利用解算出的所述大区域中多个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量,对所述大区域形变结果进行自动镶嵌。The automatic mosaic unit is configured to automatically mosaic the deformation results of the large region by using the calculated adjustment corrections of the deformation rates of the multiple single-scene coverage areas in the large region.

上述技术方案具有如下有益效果:能自动化地实现,可快速得到大区域协调一致的地表形变信息,从而更好的实现大区域地表形变监测。The above-mentioned technical solution has the following beneficial effects: it can be realized automatically, and the large-area coordinated surface deformation information can be quickly obtained, so as to better realize the large-area surface deformation monitoring.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

图1为本发明实施例一种大区域InSAR形变结果的自动化平差及镶嵌方法流程图;Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an automatic adjustment and mosaic method for large-area InSAR deformation results according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图2是本发明实施例使用的4景SAR影像覆盖大区域示意图(斜线、点、黑色等填充区分别表示两景影像、三景影像、4四景影像的重叠区域);Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a large area covered by 4-view SAR images used in the embodiment of the present invention (filling areas such as oblique lines, dots, black, etc. represent the overlapping areas of two-view images, three-view images, and four-view images respectively);

图3是本发明实施例使用的Radarsat-2影像覆盖情况及水准点分布;Fig. 3 is the Radarsat-2 image coverage situation and benchmark distribution that the embodiment of the present invention uses;

图4是本发明实施例得到的京津冀大区域地表沉降速率镶嵌图;Fig. 4 is the mosaic diagram of the surface subsidence rate in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region obtained by the embodiment of the present invention;

图5是常规处理得到的京津冀大区域地表沉降速率镶嵌图;Figure 5 is the mosaic map of the surface subsidence rate in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region obtained by conventional processing;

图6是本发明应用实例142个检核点上InSAR和水准测量获取的沉降速率之差的直方图;Fig. 6 is the histogram of the difference of the sedimentation rate that InSAR and leveling obtain on 142 check points of the application example of the present invention;

图7为本发明实施例一种大区域InSAR形变结果的自动化平差及镶嵌装置结构示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic adjustment and mosaic device for large-area InSAR deformation results according to an embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

如图1所示,为本发明实施例一种大区域InSAR形变结果的自动化平差及镶嵌方法流程图,所述方法包括:As shown in Figure 1, it is a flowchart of an automatic adjustment and mosaic method for large-area InSAR deformation results according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes:

101、对大区域InSAR相邻景SAR影像上同名高相干点进行自动识别;101. Automatically identify high-coherence points with the same name on large-area InSAR adjacent scene SAR images;

优选地,所述对大区域InSAR相邻景SAR影像上同名高相干点进行自动识别之前,所述方法包括:对所述大区域InSAR的SAR影像使用同种类型的数字高程模型数据DEM进行地理编码。Preferably, before the automatic recognition of the high-coherence points with the same name on the SAR image of the large-area InSAR adjacent scene, the method includes: using the same type of digital elevation model data DEM for the SAR image of the large-area InSAR to perform geographic coding.

同名高相干点的识别是平差及镶嵌的基础。虽然利用影像匹配技术能通过相邻SAR振幅影像的匹配完成同名高相干点的自动识别,但耗时太长。事实上,利用地理编码后同名高相干点有相同大地坐标这一原理即可快速解决这一问题。必须注意的是所有SAR影像的地理编码应该使用同种类型的DEM,比如SRTM DEM,这样能保证相邻景SAR影像地理编码后有相同的平面精度。图2中显示了4景SAR影像覆盖大区域的示意图,有更多影像覆盖更大区域的情形可以依此类推。基于地理编码后同名高相干点的判断条件为:The identification of highly coherent points with the same name is the basis of adjustment and mosaic. Although the image matching technology can be used to automatically identify high coherence points with the same name through the matching of adjacent SAR amplitude images, it takes too long. In fact, this problem can be solved quickly by using the principle that high coherence points with the same name have the same geodetic coordinates after geocoding. It must be noted that the geocoding of all SAR images should use the same type of DEM, such as SRTM DEM, so as to ensure that the geocoding of adjacent SAR images has the same planar accuracy. Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of four scenes of SAR images covering a large area, and the situation of more images covering a larger area can be deduced by analogy. The judging conditions for high coherence points with the same name after geocoding are as follows:

|P1(x,y)-P2(x,y)|<(Lx,Ly) (1)|P1(x, y)-P2(x, y)|<(L x , L y ) (1)

其中(x,y)表示地理编码后的大地坐标,P1(x,y),P2(x,y)代表相邻SAR影像上位于(x,y)的高相干点,(x,y)表示地理编码后的大地坐标,Lx,Ly分别表示地理编码后东西向和南北向的输出像元间隔。满足条件(1)的高相干点被认为是同名点。Where (x, y) represents the geodetic coordinates after geocoding, P1(x, y), P2(x, y) represents the highly coherent point located at (x, y) on the adjacent SAR image, (x, y) represents The geodetic coordinates after geocoding, L x , L y represent the output pixel intervals in the east-west and north-south directions respectively after geocoding. Highly coherent points satisfying condition (1) are considered as homonymous points.

102、利用自动识别出的同名高相干点,建立所述大区域形变结果的平差模型,生成平差方程;102. Using the automatically identified high-coherence points with the same name to establish an adjustment model of the large-area deformation result, and generate an adjustment equation;

优选地,所述平差方程由两类方程构成:控制点平差方程和同名高相干点平差方程;当所述大区域InSAR内没有控制点时,则所述平差方程由同名高相干点平差方程构成。Preferably, the adjustment equation is composed of two types of equations: control point adjustment equation and high coherence point adjustment equation with the same name; when there is no control point in the large area InSAR, the adjustment equation is composed of The point adjustment equation is constructed.

在每个单景覆盖区通过时间序列InSAR技术求得的是相对于该景中某个点的相对形变速率。在没有指定形变速率的基准点(参考点)情况下,利用时间序列InSAR技术求得的线性形变速率与真实值之间存在一个系统偏差。这个系统偏差可以在大区域形变结果的平差过程中求得。对上述4景影像覆盖的情形,假设单景影像的形变速率为Vi(x,y),平差改正量为Δi,i=1,…,4。平差模型中的方程由两类构成,一类是控制点平差方程,另一类是同名高相干点平差方程。在外部地面控制点实测数据支持下,建立控制点平差方差,即:In each single-scene coverage area, the relative deformation rate relative to a certain point in the scene is obtained by time-series InSAR technology. In the absence of a benchmark point (reference point) for specifying the deformation rate, there is a systematic deviation between the linear deformation rate obtained by using the time series InSAR technique and the true value. This systematic deviation can be obtained in the adjustment process of large-area deformation results. For the above-mentioned situation of covering four scene images, it is assumed that the deformation rate of a single scene image is Vi(x, y), and the adjustment correction amount is Δi, i=1,...,4. The equations in the adjustment model consist of two types, one is the control point adjustment equation, and the other is the high coherence point adjustment equation with the same name. With the support of the measured data of the external ground control points, the variance of the control point adjustment is established, namely:

Vi(x,y)+Δi=GCp_V(x,y) (2)Vi(x,y)+Δi=GCp_V(x,y) (2)

其中GCp_V(x,y)表示在控制点(x,y)处经由水准或者其他手段测量得到的形变速率值。它们是InSAR获取的形变速率的参考数据。Among them, GCp_V(x, y) represents the deformation rate value measured by leveling or other means at the control point (x, y). They are the reference data for the deformation rate acquired by InSAR.

对于相邻景影像的同名高相干点,建立同名高相干点平差方程,即:For the high coherence points with the same name in adjacent scene images, the adjustment equation for the high coherence points with the same name is established, namely:

Vi(x,y)+Δi=Vj(x,y)+Δj,i,j∈{1,2,3,4} (3)Vi(x,y)+Δi=Vj(x,y)+Δj,i,j∈{1,2,3,4} (3)

这个方程表示平差后不同影像上的同名点应该具有一致的形变速率。图2中分别以斜线、点、黑色等模式分别标记了两景影像、三景影像、四景影像的重叠区域。当点(x,y)位于两景、三景、四景影像的重叠区内时,形如(3)式的平差方程分别有1个、2个、3个。This equation means that after adjustment, points with the same name on different images should have consistent deformation rates. In Figure 2, the overlapping areas of the two-scene images, three-scene images, and four-scene images are marked with oblique lines, dots, and black patterns, respectively. When the point (x, y) is located in the overlapping area of images of two scenes, three scenes, and four scenes, there are 1, 2, and 3 adjustment equations in the form of (3) respectively.

103、对所述平差方程进行解算,获取所述大区域中每个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量;103. Solve the adjustment equation to obtain the adjustment correction amount of the deformation rate of each single scene coverage area in the large area;

优选地,所述对所述平差方程进行解算,获取所述大区域中每个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量,包括:根据最小二乘原理对所述平差方程进行解算,获取所述大区域中每个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量。Preferably, the solving of the adjustment equation to obtain the adjustment correction amount of the deformation rate of each single-scene coverage area in the large area includes: performing an adjustment on the adjustment equation according to the principle of least squares Calculate and obtain the adjustment correction amount of the deformation rate of each single-scene coverage area in the large area.

将上述两类方程联合在一起,构成了关于4个未知数(Δ1,Δ2Δ3,Δ4)的线性方程组。因为同名点数目很多,观测方程的个数远远多于未知数个数,根据最小二乘原理即可求解未知数,这样同时完成了每景覆盖区的形变速率的平差与绝对定标。此处没有考虑控制点的权重。在实际应用会出现不同的控制点有不同可信度的情形。此时,可根据控制点的可信度在式(2)中设置不同的权重,在最小二乘解算中予以考虑,以提高解算精度。Combining the above two types of equations together constitutes a system of linear equations about 4 unknowns (Δ1, Δ2Δ3, Δ4). Because there are many points with the same name, the number of observation equations is far more than the number of unknowns, and the unknowns can be solved according to the principle of least squares, so that the adjustment and absolute calibration of the deformation rate of each scene coverage area are completed at the same time. The weights of the control points are not considered here. In practical applications, there will be situations where different control points have different credibility. At this time, different weights can be set in formula (2) according to the credibility of the control points, which can be considered in the least squares solution to improve the solution accuracy.

当监测区没有控制点时,则只有第二类方程。此时的平差可以任一覆盖区的形变速率值为基准,未知数中有一个自由度,因此个数减为3个。这样平差完成后的形变速率和真实值之间依然存在一个系统性偏差。When there is no control point in the monitoring area, there are only equations of the second type. The adjustment at this time can be based on the deformation rate value of any coverage area, and there is one degree of freedom in the unknown, so the number is reduced to three. In this way, there is still a systematic deviation between the deformation rate after the adjustment and the true value.

104、利用解算出的所述大区域中多个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量,对所述大区域形变结果进行自动镶嵌。104. Using the calculated adjustment corrections of the deformation rates of multiple single-scene coverage areas in the large area, automatically mosaic the deformation results of the large area.

优选地,所述利用解算出的所述大区域中多个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量,对所述大区域形变结果进行自动镶嵌,包括:利用解算出的所述大区域中多个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量,根据地理编码后的大地坐标,及同名点的重叠次数,对所述大区域形变结果进行自动镶嵌。Preferably, the automatic mosaic of the deformation results of the large area by using the adjustment corrections of the deformation rates of the multiple single-scene coverage areas in the large area calculated by the solution includes: using the calculated large area According to the adjustment correction amount of the deformation rate of multiple single-scene coverage areas, the deformation results of the large area are automatically mosaiced according to the geodetic coordinates after geocoding and the overlapping times of points with the same name.

在完成了多个单景覆盖区的形变结果平差之后,根据地理编码后的大地坐标,可完成大区域形变结果的自动镶嵌。在空间位置(x,y)处的形变结果为After completing the adjustment of the deformation results of multiple single-scene coverage areas, the automatic mosaic of large-area deformation results can be completed according to the geocoded geodetic coordinates. The deformation result at the spatial position (x, y) is

VV &OverBar;&OverBar; (( xx ,, ythe y )) == &Sigma;&Sigma; ii == 11 NN (( ViVi (( xx ,, ythe y )) ++ &Delta;i&Delta;i )) // NN -- -- -- (( 44 ))

式中N表示在位置(x,y)处高相干点的重叠次数。对应于图2中,在斜线、点状、黑色区域内,N的取值分别是2、3、4。而在其他区域,没有重叠,只有一个测量值,N的取值为1。这样就获得了大区域内全部高相干点上的形变速率值。where N represents the overlapping number of highly coherent points at position (x, y). Corresponding to Figure 2, the values of N are 2, 3, and 4 in the oblique line, dotted, and black areas, respectively. In other regions, there is no overlap, only one measurement, and N takes the value 1. In this way, the deformation rate values at all high coherence points in a large area are obtained.

为了更好地说明本发明技术方案的有效性和优越性,现对本发明应用实例与常规处理方法进行如下对比分析:如图3所示,是本发明实施例使用的Radarsat-2影像覆盖情况及水准点分布图,监测区为京津冀地区,面积约10万平方公里,共8景Radarsat-2宽模式影像覆盖,单景影像的覆盖区域约为150km*150km。这8个单景覆盖区上的时间序列SAR影像数目及起始获取时间如表1所示。在利用InSAR进行地表沉降监测的同时,从北京市及天津市的测绘部门获得了一些水准测量数据。北京和天津的水准测量测量工作每年10月初至11月底完成,共获得了2012年至2014年的三期水准数据。请注意水准点的有效时段与SAR影像的有效时段并不完全重合。这些水准点的位置以实心圆点标示于图3中,其中1/3的点表示参与平差计算的水准点,共70个,2/3的点表示用于精度验证的水准点,共142个。In order to better illustrate the effectiveness and superiority of the technical solution of the present invention, the application examples of the present invention and conventional processing methods are now compared and analyzed as follows: as shown in Figure 3, it is the Radarsat-2 image coverage and Distribution map of benchmarking points. The monitoring area is the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, covering an area of about 100,000 square kilometers. A total of 8 Radarsat-2 wide-mode images are covered. The coverage area of a single image is about 150km*150km. Table 1 shows the number of time-series SAR images and the initial acquisition time of the eight single-scene coverage areas. While using InSAR to monitor the surface subsidence, some leveling data were obtained from the surveying and mapping departments of Beijing and Tianjin. The leveling survey work in Beijing and Tianjin is completed from the beginning of October to the end of November every year, and the three phases of leveling data from 2012 to 2014 have been obtained. Please note that the effective period of the benchmarking point does not completely coincide with the effective period of the SAR image. The positions of these benchmarking points are marked in Figure 3 with solid circles, of which 1/3 of the points represent the benchmarking points involved in the adjustment calculation, a total of 70, and 2/3 of the points represent the benchmarking points used for accuracy verification, a total of 142 indivual.

表1京津冀地表沉降监测所用的Radarsat-2影像信息Table 1 Radarsat-2 image information used in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei land subsidence monitoring

利用时间序列InSAR技术得到每景覆盖区上雷达视线向的平均形变速率,然后转换成竖直方向的地表沉降速率。其中负值表示地表下沉,正值表示地表抬升。然后按所述平差方法进行处理,得到标定后的大区域镶嵌的平均沉降速率图,如图4所示,不同单景覆盖区之间的沉降速率具有很好的一致性,这表明本发明方法是有效和可靠的。The average deformation rate in the radar line-of-sight direction of each scene coverage area is obtained by using the time series InSAR technology, and then converted into the vertical surface subsidence rate. Negative values indicate subsidence of the surface and positive values indicate uplift of the surface. Then process according to the adjustment method, obtain the average subsidence rate figure of the large-area mosaic after calibration, as shown in Figure 4, the subsidence rate between different single scene coverage areas has good consistency, this shows that the present invention The method is efficient and reliable.

图5为常规处理方法得到的京津冀大区域形变速率镶嵌图,由于仅有北京和天津市域的水准测量数据,因此仅能对图3中标号为1,2,3,4的三景形变速率进行直接定标,余下的4景形变速率只能依靠与已经定标的数据之间的同名点进行传递实现间接定标。最后在生成大区域的镶嵌图时由于不同景的定标精度不一致将会而出现明显的“拼接缝”。可以看见,图5与图4结果相比存在明显的误差。Figure 5 is a mosaic of deformation rates in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region obtained by conventional processing methods. Since there are only leveling data in Beijing and Tianjin, only the deformation rates of the three scenes labeled 1, 2, 3, and 4 in Figure 3 can be calculated. For direct calibration, the deformation rates of the remaining four scenes can only be indirectly calibrated by transferring the points of the same name with the calibrated data. Finally, when the mosaic of a large area is generated, there will be obvious "stitching seams" due to the inconsistent calibration accuracy of different scenes. It can be seen that there are obvious errors between the results in Figure 5 and Figure 4.

利用142个水准点对图3所示的大区域沉降速率结果进行了精度验证。二者差值的直方图如图6所示,差值的均方差为4.5毫米每年,差值最大值为12.1毫米每年,最小值为-11.2毫米每年。其中90个点上的沉降速率之差位于[-3mm/year,3mm/year],这也说明本发明应用实例得到的京津冀大区域沉降速率结果具有很高的精度。当然,SAR影像的起始时间与水准点的起始时间并不完全重合,这也会对二者计算得到的沉降速率的差异造成一定影响。The accuracy of the large-area subsidence rate results shown in Fig. 3 was verified by using 142 benchmarks. The histogram of the difference between the two is shown in Figure 6. The mean square error of the difference is 4.5 mm per year, the maximum value of the difference is 12.1 mm per year, and the minimum value is -11.2 mm per year. Among them, the difference of the subsidence rate on 90 points is located at [-3mm/year, 3mm/year], which also shows that the result of the subsidence rate in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region obtained by the application example of the present invention has very high accuracy. Of course, the starting time of the SAR image and the benchmarking point do not completely coincide, which will also have a certain impact on the difference in the settlement rate calculated by the two.

综上可见,本发明应用实例大区域InSAR形变结果的自动化平差及镶嵌方法有两大优点,其一是能自动化地实现,可快速得到大区域协调一致的地表形变信息,其二是将同名点和外部控制点联合考虑,同步实现InSAR形变监测结果的平差和绝对定标。该方法在大范围的地表形变监测中具有重要的应用价值。To sum up, it can be seen that the automatic adjustment and mosaic method of large-area InSAR deformation results of the application example of the present invention has two major advantages. Points and external control points are jointly considered, and the adjustment and absolute calibration of InSAR deformation monitoring results are realized simultaneously. This method has important application value in large-scale surface deformation monitoring.

如图7所示,为本发明实施例一种大区域InSAR形变结果的自动化平差及镶嵌装置结构示意图,所述装置包括:As shown in Figure 7, it is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic adjustment and mosaic device for large-area InSAR deformation results according to an embodiment of the present invention. The device includes:

自动识别单元71,用于对大区域InSAR相邻景SAR影像上同名高相干点进行自动识别;Automatic identification unit 71, used for automatic identification of high coherence points with the same name on large-area InSAR adjacent scene SAR images;

平差模型建立单元72,用于利用自动识别出的同名高相干点,建立所述大区域形变结果的平差模型,生成平差方程;The adjustment model establishment unit 72 is used to establish the adjustment model of the large-area deformation result by using the automatically identified high-coherence points with the same name, and generate an adjustment equation;

平差方程解算单元73,用于对所述平差方程进行解算,获取所述大区域中每个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量;The adjustment equation solving unit 73 is used to solve the adjustment equation to obtain the adjustment correction amount of the deformation rate of each single scene coverage area in the large area;

自动镶嵌单元74,用于利用解算出的所述大区域中多个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量,对所述大区域形变结果进行自动镶嵌。The automatic mosaic unit 74 is configured to automatically mosaic the deformation results of the large region by using the calculated adjustment corrections of the deformation rates of the multiple single-scene coverage areas in the large region.

优选地,所述装置还包括:地理编码单元70,用于对所述大区域InSAR的SAR影像使用同种类型的数字高程模型数据DEM进行地理编码。Preferably, the device further includes: a geocoding unit 70, configured to geocode the large-area InSAR SAR images using the same type of digital elevation model data DEM.

优选地,所述平差方程由两类方程构成:控制点平差方程和同名高相干点平差方程;当所述大区域InSAR内没有控制点时,则所述平差方程由同名高相干点平差方程构成。Preferably, the adjustment equation is composed of two types of equations: control point adjustment equation and high coherence point adjustment equation with the same name; when there is no control point in the large area InSAR, the adjustment equation is composed of The point adjustment equation is constructed.

优选地,所述平差方程解算单元73,进一步具体用于根据最小二乘原理对所述平差方程进行解算,获取所述大区域中每个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量。Preferably, the adjustment equation solving unit 73 is further specifically configured to solve the adjustment equation according to the principle of least squares, and obtain the adjustment of the deformation rate of each single scene coverage area in the large area correction amount.

优选地,所述自动镶嵌单元74,进一步具体用于利用解算出的所述大区域中多个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量,根据地理编码后的大地坐标,及同名点的重叠次数,对所述大区域形变结果进行自动镶嵌。Preferably, the automatic mosaic unit 74 is further specifically configured to use the calculated adjustment corrections of the deformation rates of multiple single-scene coverage areas in the large area, according to the geocoded geodetic coordinates and the points of the same name Overlapping times, automatic mosaicking is performed on the large-area deformation results.

上述技术方案具有如下有益效果:能自动化地实现,可快速得到大区域协调一致的地表形变信息,从而更好的实现大区域地表形变监测。The above-mentioned technical solution has the following beneficial effects: it can be realized automatically, and the large-area coordinated surface deformation information can be quickly obtained, so as to better realize the large-area surface deformation monitoring.

应该明白,公开的过程中的步骤的特定顺序或层次是示例性方法的实例。基于设计偏好,应该理解,过程中的步骤的特定顺序或层次可以在不脱离本公开的保护范围的情况下得到重新安排。所附的方法权利要求以示例性的顺序给出了各种步骤的要素,并且不是要限于所述的特定顺序或层次。It is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the processes disclosed is an example of exemplary approaches. Based upon design preferences, it is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the processes may be rearranged without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The accompanying method claims present elements of the various steps in a sample order, and are not meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy described.

在上述的详细描述中,各种特征一起组合在单个的实施方案中,以简化本公开。不应该将这种公开方法解释为反映了这样的意图,即,所要求保护的主题的实施方案需要比清楚地在每个权利要求中所陈述的特征更多的特征。相反,如所附的权利要求书所反映的那样,本发明处于比所公开的单个实施方案的全部特征少的状态。因此,所附的权利要求书特此清楚地被并入详细描述中,其中每项权利要求独自作为本发明单独的优选实施方案。In the foregoing Detailed Description, various features are grouped together in a single embodiment to simplify the disclosure. This method of disclosure is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed embodiments of the subject matter require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, the invention lies in less than all features of a single disclosed embodiment. Thus the following claims are hereby expressly incorporated into the Detailed Description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate preferred embodiment of this invention.

为使本领域内的任何技术人员能够实现或者使用本发明,上面对所公开实施例进行了描述。对于本领域技术人员来说;这些实施例的各种修改方式都是显而易见的,并且本文定义的一般原理也可以在不脱离本公开的精神和保护范围的基础上适用于其它实施例。因此,本公开并不限于本文给出的实施例,而是与本申请公开的原理和新颖性特征的最广范围相一致。The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments was provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may also be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments presented herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

上文的描述包括一个或多个实施例的举例。当然,为了描述上述实施例而描述部件或方法的所有可能的结合是不可能的,但是本领域普通技术人员应该认识到,各个实施例可以做进一步的组合和排列。因此,本文中描述的实施例旨在涵盖落入所附权利要求书的保护范围内的所有这样的改变、修改和变型。此外,就说明书或权利要求书中使用的术语“包含”,该词的涵盖方式类似于术语“包括”,就如同“包括,”在权利要求中用作衔接词所解释的那样。此外,使用在权利要求书的说明书中的任何一个术语“或者”是要表示“非排它性的或者”。The foregoing description includes illustrations of one or more embodiments. Of course, it is impossible to describe all possible combinations of components or methods to describe the above-mentioned embodiments, but those skilled in the art should recognize that various embodiments can be further combined and permuted. Accordingly, the embodiments described herein are intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, to the extent that the term "comprises" is used in the specification or claims, the word is encompassed in a manner similar to the term "comprises" as interpreted when "comprises" is used as a link in the claims. Furthermore, any use of the term "or" in the specification of the claims is intended to mean a "non-exclusive or".

本领域技术人员还可以了解到本发明实施例列出的各种说明性逻辑块(illustrativelogical block),单元,和步骤可以通过电子硬件、电脑软件,或两者的结合进行实现。为清楚展示硬件和软件的可替换性(interchangeability),上述的各种说明性部件(illustrativecomponents),单元和步骤已经通用地描述了它们的功能。这样的功能是通过硬件还是软件来实现取决于特定的应用和整个系统的设计要求。本领域技术人员可以对于每种特定的应用,可以使用各种方法实现所述的功能,但这种实现不应被理解为超出本发明实施例保护的范围。Those skilled in the art can also understand that various illustrative logical blocks (illustrativelogical blocks), units, and steps listed in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. To clearly demonstrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the various illustrative components, units and steps above have generally described their functions. Whether such functions are implemented by hardware or software depends on the specific application and overall system design requirements. Those skilled in the art may use various methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be understood as exceeding the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

本发明实施例中所描述的各种说明性的逻辑块,或单元都可以通过通用处理器,数字信号处理器,专用集成电路(ASIC),现场可编程门阵列或其它可编程逻辑装置,离散门或晶体管逻辑,离散硬件部件,或上述任何组合的设计来实现或操作所描述的功能。通用处理器可以为微处理器,可选地,该通用处理器也可以为任何传统的处理器、控制器、微控制器或状态机。处理器也可以通过计算装置的组合来实现,例如数字信号处理器和微处理器,多个微处理器,一个或多个微处理器联合一个数字信号处理器核,或任何其它类似的配置来实现。Various illustrative logic blocks or units described in the embodiments of the present invention can be discretely processed by a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic devices. Gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination of the above designed to implement or operate the described functions. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, and optionally, the general-purpose processor may also be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller or state machine. A processor may also be implemented by a combination of computing devices, such as a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a digital signal processor core, or any other similar configuration to accomplish.

本发明实施例中所描述的方法或算法的步骤可以直接嵌入硬件、处理器执行的软件模块、或者这两者的结合。软件模块可以存储于RAM存储器、闪存、ROM存储器、EPROM存储器、EEPROM存储器、寄存器、硬盘、可移动磁盘、CD-ROM或本领域中其它任意形式的存储媒介中。示例性地,存储媒介可以与处理器连接,以使得处理器可以从存储媒介中读取信息,并可以向存储媒介存写信息。可选地,存储媒介还可以集成到处理器中。处理器和存储媒介可以设置于ASIC中,ASIC可以设置于用户终端中。可选地,处理器和存储媒介也可以设置于用户终端中的不同的部件中。The steps of the method or algorithm described in the embodiments of the present invention may be directly embedded in hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of both. The software modules may be stored in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM or any other storage medium in the art. Exemplarily, the storage medium can be connected to the processor, so that the processor can read information from the storage medium, and can write information to the storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium can also be integrated into the processor. The processor and the storage medium can be set in the ASIC, and the ASIC can be set in the user terminal. Optionally, the processor and the storage medium may also be set in different components in the user terminal.

在一个或多个示例性的设计中,本发明实施例所描述的上述功能可以在硬件、软件、固件或这三者的任意组合来实现。如果在软件中实现,这些功能可以存储与电脑可读的媒介上,或以一个或多个指令或代码形式传输于电脑可读的媒介上。电脑可读媒介包括电脑存储媒介和便于使得让电脑程序从一个地方转移到其它地方的通信媒介。存储媒介可以是任何通用或特殊电脑可以接入访问的可用媒体。例如,这样的电脑可读媒体可以包括但不限于RAM、ROM、EEPROM、CD-ROM或其它光盘存储、磁盘存储或其它磁性存储装置,或其它任何可以用于承载或存储以指令或数据结构和其它可被通用或特殊电脑、或通用或特殊处理器读取形式的程序代码的媒介。此外,任何连接都可以被适当地定义为电脑可读媒介,例如,如果软件是从一个网站站点、服务器或其它远程资源通过一个同轴电缆、光纤电缆、双绞线、数字用户线(DSL)或以例如红外、无线和微波等无线方式传输的也被包含在所定义的电脑可读媒介中。所述的碟片(disk)和磁盘(disc)包括压缩磁盘、镭射盘、光盘、DVD、软盘和蓝光光盘,磁盘通常以磁性复制数据,而碟片通常以激光进行光学复制数据。上述的组合也可以包含在电脑可读媒介中。In one or more exemplary designs, the above functions described in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware or any combination of the three. If implemented in software, the functions can be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes computer storage media and communication media that facilitate transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special computer. For example, such computer-readable media may include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other device that can be used to carry or store instructions or data structures and Other medium of program code in a form readable by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. In addition, any connection is properly defined as a computer-readable medium, for example, if the software is transmitted from a website site, server, or other remote source via a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) Or transmitted by wireless means such as infrared, wireless and microwave are also included in the definition of computer readable media. Disks and discs include compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, DVDs, floppy discs, and Blu-ray discs. Disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs usually reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above can also be contained on a computer readable medium.

以上所述的具体实施方式,对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明,所应理解的是,以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已,并不用于限定本发明的保护范围,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The specific embodiments described above have further described the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Protection scope, within the spirit and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc., shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种大区域InSAR形变结果的自动化平差及镶嵌方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:1. an automatic adjustment and mosaic method of large-area InSAR deformation results, characterized in that, the method comprises: 对大区域InSAR相邻景SAR影像上同名高相干点进行自动识别;Automatically identify high-coherence points with the same name on large-area InSAR adjacent scene SAR images; 利用自动识别出的同名高相干点,建立所述大区域形变结果的平差模型,生成平差方程;Using the automatically identified high-coherence points with the same name to establish an adjustment model of the large-area deformation result and generate an adjustment equation; 对所述平差方程进行解算,获取所述大区域中每个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量;Solving the adjustment equation to obtain the adjustment correction amount of the deformation rate of each single scene coverage area in the large area; 利用解算出的所述大区域中多个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量,对所述大区域形变结果进行自动镶嵌。The deformation results of the large area are automatically mosaicked by using the calculated adjustment corrections of the deformation rates of the multiple single-scene coverage areas in the large area. 2.如权利要求1所述大区域InSAR形变结果的自动化平差及镶嵌方法,其特征在于,所述对大区域InSAR相邻景SAR影像上同名高相干点进行自动识别之前,所述方法包括:2. The automatic adjustment and mosaic method of large-area InSAR deformation results as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, before the automatic identification of the same-named high-coherence points on the large-area InSAR adjacent scene SAR images, the method includes : 对所述大区域InSAR的SAR影像使用同种类型的数字高程模型数据DEM进行地理编码。The same type of digital elevation model data DEM is used to geocode the InSAR SAR image of the large area. 3.如权利要求1所述大区域InSAR形变结果的自动化平差及镶嵌方法,其特征在于,所述平差方程由两类方程构成:控制点平差方程和同名高相干点平差方程;当所述大区域InSAR内没有控制点时,则所述平差方程由同名高相干点平差方程构成。3. The automatic adjustment and mosaic method of large-area InSAR deformation results as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described adjustment equation is made of two types of equations: control point adjustment equation and high coherence point adjustment equation of the same name; When there is no control point in the large area InSAR, the adjustment equation is composed of the same-named high-coherence point adjustment equation. 4.如权利要求1所述大区域InSAR形变结果的自动化平差及镶嵌方法,其特征在于,所述对所述平差方程进行解算,获取所述大区域中每个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量,包括:4. the automatic adjustment and mosaic method of large-area InSAR deformation results as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described adjustment equation is solved, obtains the coverage area of each single scene in the described large area Adjustment corrections for deformation rates, including: 根据最小二乘原理对所述平差方程进行解算,获取所述大区域中每个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量。The adjustment equation is solved according to the principle of least squares, and the adjustment correction amount of the deformation rate of each single-scene coverage area in the large area is obtained. 5.如权利要求1所述大区域InSAR形变结果的自动化平差及镶嵌方法,其特征在于,所述利用解算出的所述大区域中多个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量,对所述大区域形变结果进行自动镶嵌,包括:5. the automatic adjustment and mosaic method of large-area InSAR deformation result as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the adjustment correction amount of the deformation rate of a plurality of single-view coverage areas in the described large-area calculated by using solution , to automatically mosaic the deformation results of the large area, including: 利用解算出的所述大区域中多个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量,根据地理编码后的大地坐标,及同名点的重叠次数,对所述大区域形变结果进行自动镶嵌。Using the calculated adjustment corrections of the deformation rates of multiple single-scene coverage areas in the large area, the deformation results of the large area are automatically mosaiced according to the geocoded geodetic coordinates and the overlapping times of points with the same name. 6.一种大区域InSAR形变结果的自动化平差及镶嵌装置,其特征在于,所述装置包括:6. An automatic adjustment and mosaic device for large-area InSAR deformation results, characterized in that the device includes: 自动识别单元,用于对大区域InSAR相邻景SAR影像上同名高相干点进行自动识别;Automatic identification unit, used for automatic identification of high-coherence points with the same name on large-area InSAR adjacent scene SAR images; 平差模型建立单元,用于利用自动识别出的同名高相干点,建立所述大区域形变结果的平差模型,生成平差方程;The adjustment model establishment unit is used to establish the adjustment model of the large-area deformation result by using the automatically identified high-coherence points with the same name, and generate the adjustment equation; 平差方程解算单元,用于对所述平差方程进行解算,获取所述大区域中每个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量;The adjustment equation solving unit is used to solve the adjustment equation and obtain the adjustment correction amount of the deformation rate of each single scene coverage area in the large area; 自动镶嵌单元,用于利用解算出的所述大区域中多个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量,对所述大区域形变结果进行自动镶嵌。The automatic mosaic unit is configured to automatically mosaic the deformation results of the large region by using the calculated adjustment corrections of the deformation rates of the multiple single-scene coverage areas in the large region. 7.如权利要求6所述大区域InSAR形变结果的自动化平差及镶嵌装置,其特征在于,所述装置还包括:7. The automatic adjustment and mosaic device of large-area InSAR deformation results as claimed in claim 6, wherein said device further comprises: 地理编码单元,用于对所述大区域InSAR的SAR影像使用同种类型的数字高程模型数据DEM进行地理编码。The geocoding unit is configured to geocode the large-area InSAR SAR images using the same type of digital elevation model data DEM. 8.如权利要求6所述大区域InSAR形变结果的自动化平差及镶嵌装置,其特征在于,所述平差方程由两类方程构成:控制点平差方程和同名高相干点平差方程;当所述大区域InSAR内没有控制点时,则所述平差方程由同名高相干点平差方程构成。8. The automatic adjustment and mosaic device of large-area InSAR deformation results as claimed in claim 6, wherein the adjustment equation is composed of two types of equations: control point adjustment equation and homonymic high coherence point adjustment equation; When there is no control point in the large area InSAR, the adjustment equation is composed of the same-named high-coherence point adjustment equation. 9.如权利要求6所述大区域InSAR形变结果的自动化平差及镶嵌装置,其特征在于,9. The automatic adjustment and mosaic device of large-area InSAR deformation results as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, 所述平差方程解算单元,进一步具体用于根据最小二乘原理对所述平差方程进行解算,获取所述大区域中每个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量。The adjustment equation solving unit is further specifically configured to solve the adjustment equation according to the principle of least squares, and obtain the adjustment correction amount of the deformation rate of each single-scene coverage area in the large area. 10.如权利要求6所述大区域InSAR形变结果的自动化平差及镶嵌装置,其特征在于,10. The automatic adjustment and mosaic device of large-area InSAR deformation results as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, 所述自动镶嵌单元,进一步具体用于利用解算出的所述大区域中多个单景覆盖区的形变速率的平差改正量,根据地理编码后的大地坐标,及同名点的重叠次数,对所述大区域形变结果进行自动镶嵌。The automatic mosaic unit is further specifically configured to use the adjustment correction amount of the deformation rate of multiple single-scene coverage areas in the large area calculated by the solution, according to the geodetic coordinates after geocoding and the overlapping times of points with the same name, to The large-area deformation results are automatically mosaicked.
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