CN105841959B - A kind of experimental rig of planetary gear train load - Google Patents
A kind of experimental rig of planetary gear train load Download PDFInfo
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- CN105841959B CN105841959B CN201610422354.4A CN201610422354A CN105841959B CN 105841959 B CN105841959 B CN 105841959B CN 201610422354 A CN201610422354 A CN 201610422354A CN 105841959 B CN105841959 B CN 105841959B
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- speed reducer
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- gear train
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/021—Gearings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/025—Test-benches with rotational drive means and loading means; Load or drive simulation
- G01M13/026—Test-benches of the mechanical closed-loop type, i.e. having a gear system constituting a closed-loop in combination with the object under test
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of experimental rigs of planetary gear train load, including power flow closed system, wherein, the both ends of tested planetary gear train are separately connected the input shaft of the first speed reducer and the output shaft of the second speed reducer, the both ends of torque loading mechanism are separately connected the input shaft of the second speed reducer and the output shaft of the first speed reducer, and driving motor connects the input terminal of the first speed reducer.The power of first speed reducer output sends the second speed reducer to by torque loading mechanism, the output end of second speed reducer is returned to the first speed reducer by being tested planetary gear train to realize the closing of power flow, driving motor provides power for system, and compensates the power loss of power flow closed system.When the power difference of driving motor output, the revolving speed of torque loading mechanism two sides is different, so that the load for being applied to tested planetary gear train is different, completes experiment.Since the application uses the closed mode of power flow, the waste of energy can avoid, reduce power loss.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields of planetary gear train detection, in particular to a kind of reality of planetary gear train load
Experiment device.
Background technique
Planetary transmission system has that bearing capacity is high, transmission ratio is big, stable drive is efficient, compact-sized etc. many excellent
Point, plays an important role in mechanical equipment.It is the premise examined its performance, carry out testing and diagnosing that loading experiment is carried out to it
Work.
It is mostly machine driving exploitation formula for the mode of mechanical load in existing planetary gear train loading experimental apparatus
Mode.The open testing stand of machine driving usually by driving motor, be tested planetary gear train, accompany four, tentative star wheel series, generator
It is grouped as, power is provided by prime mover, by being transferred to load by test specimen.The open loading method of machine driving there are it is many not
Foot, is mainly manifested in the following aspects: firstly, the structure of transmission exploitation formula, power finally has a large amount of outputs, and leads to power
Consumption is big, and energy waste is serious；(2) loading device is complicated, needs high-power loading equipemtn, at high price；(3) it needs to accompany examination
Part.
Therefore, how a kind of planetary gear train load testing machine is provided, to reduce power loss, reduces energy waste, is
The current technical issues that need to address of those skilled in the art.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, to reduce power loss, reducing the energy the present invention provides a kind of planetary gear train load testing machine
Waste.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of experimental rig of planetary gear train load comprising the closed system of power flow, the closed system of power flow
System includes:
First speed reducer and the second speed reducer；
Tested planetary gear train, the input axis connection of one end of the tested planetary gear train and first speed reducer are another
The output axis connection at end and second speed reducer；
The adjustable torque loading mechanism of the size and Orientation of the revolving speed of two sides, the side of the torque loading mechanism and institute
State the output axis connection of the first speed reducer, the input axis connection of the other side and second speed reducer；
The driving motor being connect with the input terminal of first speed reducer.
Preferably, in above-mentioned experimental rig, first speed reducer and second speed reducer subtract for wheelbase is identical
Fast machine.
Preferably, in above-mentioned experimental rig, the torque loading mechanism is fluid torque-converter.
Preferably, in above-mentioned experimental rig, the output of the input shaft of first speed reducer, the tested planetary gear train
The output shaft of axis and input shaft and second speed reducer is conllinear.
Preferably, in above-mentioned experimental rig, the output of the output shaft, the torque loading mechanism of first speed reducer
The input shaft of axis and input shaft and second speed reducer is conllinear.
Preferably, in above-mentioned experimental rig, the output shaft of first speed reducer is defeated with the torque loading mechanism
Enter axis to connect by third shaft coupling, the input shaft of second speed reducer passes through the 4th shaft coupling and the torque loading mechanism
Output axis connection.
Preferably, in above-mentioned experimental rig, pass through second between the torque loading mechanism and first speed reducer
Bearing seat supports.
Preferably, in above-mentioned experimental rig, the input shaft of first speed reducer passes through first shaft coupling and the quilt
The output shaft for surveying planetary gear train is connected, and the output shaft of second speed reducer passes through second shaft coupling and the tested planetary gear
Input shaft is connected.
Preferably, in above-mentioned experimental rig, pass through first between the tested planetary gear train and second speed reducer
Bearing seat supports.
It preferably, further include the support for being used to support the closed system of the power flow in above-mentioned experimental rig.
It can be seen via above technical scheme that the invention discloses a kind of experimental rig of planetary gear train load, including function
Rate stream closed system, the power flow closed system include the first speed reducer, the second speed reducer, tested planetary gear train, torque load
Mechanism and driving motor, wherein the both ends of tested planetary gear train are separately connected the input shaft and the second speed reducer of the first speed reducer
Output shaft, and the both ends of torque loading mechanism are separately connected the input shaft of the second speed reducer and the output shaft of the first speed reducer,
Driving motor connects the input terminal of the first speed reducer.It is enclosed that by planetary gear train loading mechanism power flow is set in the application
The power of structure, i.e. the first speed reducer output sends the second speed reducer, the output of the second speed reducer to by torque loading mechanism
End is returned to the first speed reducer by being tested planetary gear train to realize the closing of power flow, in addition, the driving motor of setting is
System provides power, and compensates the power loss of power flow closed system.In actual operation, due to the two of torque loading mechanism
The size and Orientation of the revolving speed of side is adjustable, so that torque loading mechanism two sides turn when the power difference of driving motor output
It is fast different, so that the load for being applied to tested planetary gear train is different, complete experiment.Since the application is closed using power flow
Mode, can avoid energy waste, reduce power loss.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
The embodiment of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
The attached drawing of offer obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the main view of planetary gear train load testing machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view of planetary gear train load testing machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of planetary gear train load testing machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the transmission schematic diagram of planetary gear train load testing machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
In figure: 1- driving motor；The first speed reducer of 2-；3- footing；4- fluid torque-converter；The second speed reducer of 5-；6- the 7th
Shaft coupling；7- first shaft coupling；8- is tested planetary gear train；The 6th shaft coupling of 9-；10- first bearing seat；The first transmission shaft of 11-；
12- second shaft coupling；The 4th shaft coupling of 13-；The 5th shaft coupling of 14-；15- second bearing seat；16- second driving shaft；17- third
Shaft coupling；18- support；19- bearing.
Specific embodiment
Core of the invention is to provide a kind of planetary gear train load testing machine, to reduce power loss, reduces energy wave
Take.
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As Figure 1-Figure 4, the invention discloses a kind of experimental rigs of planetary gear train load, including power flow closing system
System, the power flow closed system include the first speed reducer 2, the second speed reducer 5, tested planetary gear train 8, torque loading mechanism and drive
Dynamic motor 1, wherein the both ends of tested planetary gear train 8 be separately connected the first speed reducer 2 input shaft and the second speed reducer 5 it is defeated
Shaft, and the both ends of torque loading mechanism are separately connected the input shaft of the second speed reducer 5 and the output shaft of the first speed reducer 2, drive
Dynamic motor 1 connects the input terminal of the first speed reducer 2.It is enclosed that by planetary gear train loading mechanism power flow is set in the application
The power of structure, i.e. the first speed reducer 2 output sends the second speed reducer 5 to by torque loading mechanism, the second speed reducer 5 it is defeated
Outlet is returned to the first speed reducer 2 by being tested planetary gear train 8 to realize the closing of power flow, in addition, the driving electricity of setting
Machine 1 provides power for system, and compensates the power loss of power flow closed system.In actual operation, since torque loads machine
The size and Orientation of the revolving speed of the two sides of structure is adjustable, so that when the power difference that driving motor 1 exports, torque loading mechanism two
The revolving speed of side is different, so that the load for being applied to tested planetary gear train 8 is different, completes experiment.Since the application uses function
The closed mode of rate stream can avoid the waste of energy, reduce power loss.
In specific embodiment, the first speed reducer 2 and the second speed reducer 5 are limited to the identical speed reducer of wheelbase, and pacify
Two sides loaded on testing stand, being set as the identical speed reducer of wheelbase can be convenient for the position of arrangement the first speed reducer 2 and the second speed reducer 5
It sets, and guarantees that distance between the two is identical, convenient for the selection to axis.It is not limited in the identical deceleration of wheelbase in the application
Machine.By the above-mentioned closed system of arrangement relation and power flow it is found that two speed reducers used, two subtract in practice
One is used as speed reducer in fast machine, and another one is then used as booster engine to use, to guarantee the transmitting of entire power flow.
Torque loading mechanism disclosed herein is fluid torque-converter 4, by the inherent characteristic of fluid torque-converter 4 i.e. its
Both ends can form contrary, and the torque that differs in size overcomes open knot to realize the load of internal system torque
Structure energy consumption is high, it is high-power to need, needs the shortcomings that accompanying test specimen.The device can be used as the work of planetary gear train fault diagnosis development test
Tool.The condition that the closed system of power flow runs well in practice is that the resultant gear ratio of system is l, i.e.,And work as
After first speed reducer 2 and the second speed reducer 5 and tested planetary gear train 8 determine, required for being learnt according to calculation formula
The transmission ratio of fluid torque-converter 4.In embodiments of the present invention, it can change by driving motor 1 each in power flow closed system
The revolving speed of axis, to change the torque of 4 input terminal output end of fluid torque-converter, and then the load for changing tested planetary gear train 8 is turned round
Square also obtains different circulating powers, i.e. test power.Driving motor 1 need to provide frictional dissipation in compensation closed system
Power.
The input shaft of the first speed reducer 2 in the application, the output shaft of tested planetary gear train 8 and input shaft and second subtract
The output shaft of fast machine 5 is conllinear, in addition, the input shaft and output shaft of the output shaft of the first speed reducer 2, torque loading mechanism and
The input shaft of two speed reducers 5 is conllinear.By the input shaft (Fig. 4 axis I) and tested planetary gear train 8 of the first speed reducer 2 in the application
Output shaft and input shaft and the second speed reducer 5 output shaft (Fig. 4 axis II) it is horizontally disposed, and the first speed reducer 2
The input shaft of the output shaft and input shaft and the second speed reducer 5 of output shaft (Fig. 4 axis III) and torque loading mechanism is (in Fig. 4
Axis IV) be also configured as level, i.e. the horizontally disposed shafting of this two parts is parallel.
In order to realize the installation of entire experimental rig, pass through second bearing between torque loading mechanism and the first speed reducer 2
Seat 15 supports, and the output shaft of the first speed reducer 2 is connected to by third shaft coupling 17 and the input shaft of torque loading mechanism
Together, the output shaft of torque loading mechanism is connect with the input shaft of the second speed reducer 5 by the 4th shaft coupling 13, in practice,
The installation site of torque loading mechanism is close to the second speed reducer 5, therefore, sets between torque loading mechanism and the first speed reducer 2
Second bearing seat 15 has been set, and has been provided with the first transmission shaft 11 for connecting the first speed reducer 2 and fluid torque-converter 4, and will
Third shaft coupling 17 is arranged between second bearing seat 15 and the first speed reducer 2, to connect the output shaft and the of the first speed reducer 2
One end of one transmission shaft 11；5th shaft coupling is set between second bearing seat 15 and torque loading mechanism, is passed with connection first
The other end of moving axis 12 and the input shaft of fluid torque-converter 4.The application is by the purpose of above-mentioned arrangement by fluid torque-converter 4
Be staggered with both planetary gear trains to be measured 8, with reduce fluid torque-converter 4 it is opposite with planetary gear train 8 to be measured when two groups of parallel axis systems
The distance between.Need to guarantee the center of the first speed reducer 2 and the second speed reducer 5 away from must assure that during above-mentioned setting
Other component in the torque loading mechanism of arranged in dislocation and planetary gear train to be measured and system will not generate interference.In first bearing
Seat 10 and second bearing seat 15 in be provided with bearing 19, for the cooperation of corresponding transmission shaft.
In conjunction with the description above it is found that the input shaft of the first speed reducer 2 passes through first shaft coupling 7 and tested row in practice
The output shafts of star wheel series 8 is connected, and tested planetary gear train 8 it is first enter axis then pass through second with the output shaft of the second speed reducer 5
Axis device 12 connects.In practice, the installation site of planetary gear train 8 is tested close to the first speed reducer 2, therefore, in order to guarantee to be tested
Planetary gear train 8 is stably connected with the second speed reducer 5, and first axle is provided between tested planetary gear train 8 and the second speed reducer 5
Seat 10 and the second driving shaft 16 for connection are held, and second shaft coupling 12 is arranged in first bearing seat 10 and the second speed reducer
Between 5, to connect one end of second driving shaft 16 and the output shaft of the second speed reducer；And in tested planetary gear train 8 and first axle
The 6th shaft coupling 9 of setting between seat 10 is held, to connect the other end of second driving shaft 16 and the input shaft of tested planetary gear train.This
It is connected between driving motor 1 disclosed in application and the input shaft of the first speed reducer 2 by the 7th shaft coupling 6.
Support 18 is also provided in further embodiment, the installation foundation of the support 18 as entire experimental provision,
It is used to support the closed system of power flow, i.e., above-mentioned component is installed on the support 18.The support is slab construction, in order to
The height for changing entire support is additionally provided with footing 3 in the bottom surface of support, to adjust the position of entire support 18.
In embodiments of the present invention, the model of each transmission parts is selected: for given tested planetary gear train 8,
Known its transmission ratio iX.It is required according to the size of installation, selects the comparable fluid torque-converter 4 of size.By the spy of fluid torque-converter 4
Property it is found that its transmission efficiency changes with the variation of transmission ratio, in order to make it work in high efficiency range, then need fluid power to become
The transmission ratio i of square device 4yNot less than a certain gear ratio value, i.e. iY≥iS.Obviously, the condition that closed system runs well is system
Resultant gear ratio is l, i.e.,(wherein, i1It is the transmission ratio of the first speed reducer, i2It is the transmission ratio of the second speed reducer).
Therefore transmission ratio of two same axis away from speed reducer need to meet i1×i2=iX×iY≥iX×iS, at the same time, two speed reducers
Center does not generate interference with the other component in system away from the fluid torque-converter 4 and planetary gear train 8 that must assure that arranged in dislocation.According to
It is upper described, mechanical handbook is searched, determines the suitable model of speed reducer and transmission ratio.So far, two speed reducers of transmission parts
It is determined with the transmission ratio of tested planetary gear train 8, is 1 further according to resultant gear ratio, the practical biography of fluid torque-converter 4 can be calculated
Dynamic ratio.
In embodiments of the present invention, the calculating of the planetary gear train load: 4 actual transmission ratio of fluid torque-converter is being determined
On the basis of, it can be calculated according to the transmission ratio of the first speed reducer 2, the second speed reducer 5, fluid torque-converter 4 and tested planetary gear train 8
The revolving speed n of axis II, axis II revolving speed nII, axis III revolving speed nIIIWith the revolving speed n of axis IVIV, as shown in formula (1)-formula (4).According to
The inherent characteristic of fluid torque-converter 4 can calculate the torque T of 4 input terminal pump impeller of fluid torque-converterB, as shown in formula (5).By liquid
The torque ratio K of power torque-converters 4 releases the torque T of 4 output end of fluid torque-converterT, as shown in formula (6).It can be seen that fluid power becomes
The torque at 4 both ends of square device is different, contrary.By further deriving, available tested 8 high speed shaft of planetary gear train
Torque TIWith the torque T of slow-speed shaftII, respectively as shown in formula (7), formula (8).It can be seen that tested 8 input terminal of planetary gear train, output
End, which also added, to differ in size, contrary torque, to added load T to tested planetary gear train 8P, such as formula (9) institute
Show.
nI=n (1)
nIV=n2×i2 (4)
TT=-K × TB (6)
TP=| TI-TII| (9)
In formula, n is that driving motor exports revolving speed；i1For the transmission ratio of the first speed reducer；i2For the transmission of the second speed reducer
Than；i3For the transmission ratio for being tested planetary gear train；For the nominal torque of fluid torque-converter；nBIt is defeated for the revolving speed of input terminal pump impeller
Enter to hold pump impeller and axis III to be rigidly connected, the two revolving speed is equal；η1For the transmission efficiency of the first speed reducer；η2For the second speed reducer
Transmission efficiency.
In embodiments of the present invention, the driving motor power is selected: having circulating power P in closed systemfIt is recycling
Transmitting, but when closed system operating, it is inevitably generated and causes power loss P because rubbing, stirring oil etc.s, this Partial Power damage
Mistake is compensated by driving motor 1.This is to say, it is only to operate closed system that driving motor 1, which is input to the power of closed system,
The power to get up, i.e., for compensating the power of closed system internal loss.Due to the power very little of loss, required driving motor
1 power also very little, its transmission efficiency with system and the size for transmitting power etc. are related.With 1 output end phase of driving motor
The gear of connection has general power P, by the first speed reducer 2, fluid torque-converter 4, the second speed reducer 5 and tested planetary gear train
After 8 transmitting, power becomes P againf, as shown in formula (10).Each driving member of system is connected, and total transmission efficiency is ηs, such as formula
(11) shown in.It can thus be appreciated that the power P that 1 output end of driving motor has, as shown in formula (12).It is defeated to acquire driving motor 1
The compensation power P entereds, as shown in formula (13).It can be seen that the input power of driving motor 1 is only very little one of circulating power
Point, that is to say, that the circulation that can meet relatively high power in mechanical system with the driving motor 1 of smaller power reduces power
Loss.
ηs=η1×η2×η3×η4 (11)
In formula, η3For the transmission efficiency for being tested planetary gear train, η4For the transmission efficiency of fluid torque-converter.
In embodiments of the present invention, it can change the revolving speed of each axis in closed system by driving motor 1, to change
The torque of 4 input terminal output end of fluid torque-converter, and then change the load torque of tested planetary gear train 8, it also obtains different
Circulating power, i.e. test power.Driving motor 1 need to provide the power of frictional dissipation in compensation closed system.
In embodiments of the present invention, failure of the gear of tested planetary gear train 8 under certain torque and revolving speed can be carried out
Simulation test, the fault type that can be simulated include normal gear, roll flute gear, glued gear, spot corrosion gear, carnassial tooth tooth
Wheel and broken teeth gear etc..It can also add for developments such as the gear distresses, including ring gear, planetary gear, sun gear of different location
Carry experiment.
The planetary gear train load testing machine of the circulating power of the embodiment of the present invention uses the structure saving energy of Power close
Source, can be formed contrary by inherent characteristic i.e. its both ends of fluid torque-converter, and the torque that differs in size is to realize
It unites the load of internal torque, overcomes that Open architecture energy consumption is high, it is high-power to need, needs the shortcomings that accompanying test specimen.The device can
Tool as planetary gear train fault diagnosis development test.
The present invention has fully considered the difficulty and deficiency of existing experimental rig, by the way of Power close, overcomes out
The power consumption for putting formula structure is big, and acting wastes serious disadvantage；Its loading device is fluid pressure type, and load is simple, and structure is simple.
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest scope of cause.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of experimental rig of planetary gear train load, which is characterized in that including the closed system of power flow, the power flow envelope
The system closed includes:
First speed reducer (2) and the second speed reducer (5)；
Tested planetary gear train (8), one end of the tested planetary gear train (8) and the input axis connection of first speed reducer (2),
The output axis connection of the other end and second speed reducer (5)；
The adjustable torque loading mechanism of the size and Orientation of the revolving speed of two sides, the side of the torque loading mechanism and described the
The output axis connection of one speed reducer (2), the input axis connection of the other side and second speed reducer (5)；
The driving motor (1) being connect with the input terminal of first speed reducer (2)；
The input shaft of first speed reducer (2), the tested planetary gear train (8) output shaft and input shaft and described second
The output shaft of speed reducer (5) is conllinear.
2. experimental rig according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first speed reducer (2) and described second is slowed down
Machine (5) is the identical speed reducer of wheelbase.
3. experimental rig according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the torque loading mechanism is fluid torque-converter (4).
4. experimental rig according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the output shaft of first speed reducer (2), the torsion
The input shaft of the output shaft and input shaft of square loading mechanism and second speed reducer (5) is conllinear.
5. experimental rig according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the output shaft of first speed reducer (2) with it is described
The input shaft of torque loading mechanism is connected by third shaft coupling (17), and the input shaft of second speed reducer (5) passes through the 4th
The output axis connection of shaft coupling (13) and the torque loading mechanism.
6. experimental rig according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the torque loading mechanism and first speed reducer
(2) it is supported between by second bearing seat (15).
7. experimental rig according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the input shaft of first speed reducer (2) passes through the
One shaft coupling (7) is connected with the output shaft of the tested planetary gear train (8), and the output shaft of second speed reducer (5) passes through the
Two shaft couplings (12) are connected with the input shaft of the tested planetary gear (8).
8. experimental rig according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the tested planetary gear train (8) subtracts with described second
It is supported between fast machine (5) by first bearing seat (10).
9. experimental rig according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that further include being used to support the power flow
The support (18) of closed system.
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| DE102014210722A1 (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2015-07-09 | Hyundai Motor Company | Inspection device for a transmission error in a package of a planet carrier |
| CN204269366U (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-04-15 | 武汉航达航空科技发展有限公司 | Transmission shaft rotary torque loads test platform |
| CN205262736U (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-05-25 | 昆明理工大学 | Multistage planetary gear case combined test platform |
| CN105372065A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-03-02 | 西安理工大学 | PX type power split and confluence planetary transmission system test platform and XP type power split and confluence planetary transmission system test platform |
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