CN105841921A - Multi-scale measuring system for turbulence flow field and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-scale measuring system for turbulence flow field and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105841921A CN105841921A CN201610172007.0A CN201610172007A CN105841921A CN 105841921 A CN105841921 A CN 105841921A CN 201610172007 A CN201610172007 A CN 201610172007A CN 105841921 A CN105841921 A CN 105841921A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of flow field analysis technology, and particularly to a multi-scale measuring system for a turbulence flow field and a measuring method thereof. The measuring system comprises a circulating water trough, a high-speed video camera, a continuous laser source and flow field tracer particles. The circulating water trough is internally provided with a triangular prism. The invention provides the method which can extract different-scale turbulence flow structures of the flow field and overcomes a defect that only large-scale structures of the flow field can be extracted according to a traditional method. Based on the measuring method, through analyzing different-scale flow field parameters and obtaining new physical information which is included in the flow field, a qualitative and quantitative analysis new facility is supplied for deeply researching the structure of the turbulence flow field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to flow field and resolve technical field, measurement system that a kind of Turbulent Flow Field is multiple dimensioned and measurement thereof
Method.
Background technology
At field of fluid mechanics, turbulent flow is a kind of most important flow phenomenon, but due to its time and the instability in space
Property, the most effectively describe the character of turbulent flow, remain the great difficult problem in physics so far.In recent decades, research worker
Deepen constantly the understanding to turbulent flow mechanism of production and Evolution, by great many of experiments, be found that in flow field at time and sky
There is between the coherent structure of quasi periodic feature.The discovery of coherent structure changes the traditional understanding to turbulent nature, turbulent flow
It is only no longer the motion of completely random, and being formed by stacking of the multiple dimensioned vortex movement being ordered into and random motion.It is deep
Obtaining the physical message that in flow field, different structure is comprised, it is a kind of effective means that turbulence structure is resolved into different scale.
Method currently for the multiple dimensioned parsing of turbulence structure mainly has phase average and Proper Orthogonal to decompose (POD).Its
Middle phase average can obtain the average information of flow field parameter under the conditions of out of phase, the large scale quasi-ordering knot in extraction flow field
Structure, this method only has when obvious periodic feature effective, as there is toll bar whirlpool in flow field in flow field.Proper Orthogonal
Decomposition can obtain in flow field by the different modalities of energy ordering, and turbulence structure is decomposed into the coherent structure of large scale and non-plan
Sequence structure.But be made up of the whirlpool of multiple different scale, in addition to large scale whirlpool, in there is also in actual turbulence structure
The eddy structure of little yardstick, also can bring different impacts to flow field, and this is accomplished by us according to certain flow field characteristic rapid
Flow structure is decomposed into different scale.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome existing deficiency, the invention provides the multiple dimensioned measurement system of a kind of Turbulent Flow Field and measurement side thereof
Method.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of Turbulent Flow Field multiple dimensioned measurement system, institute
State measurement system and include circulating water chennel, high-speed camera, continuous laser source and flow field trace particle, set in described circulating water chennel
There is triangular prism.
According to another embodiment of the invention, farther include, a height of 2 m of the length and width × 0.4m of described circulating water chennel
× 0.2 m。
According to another embodiment of the invention, farther include, the free-stream velocity of current in described circulating water chennel
For 0.29m/s.
According to another embodiment of the invention, farther including, described trequetrous height is 50mm, a length of
400mm, the Turbulent Flow Field Reynolds number that triangular prism wake flow is corresponding is 14440.
According to another embodiment of the invention, farther include, described high-speed camera with 1024 × 1024 point
Resolution is continuously shot the Particles Moving image of 1025, and shutter speed and frame rate are respectively 0.2 ms and 500 fps.
According to another embodiment of the invention, farther including, the light beam that described continuous laser source produces illuminates logical
Cross the target flow field of grain direction median plane.
According to another embodiment of the invention, farther including, described flow field trace particle is granules of polystyrene, directly
Footpath is 63-150 micron, and is evenly distributed in circulating water chennel.
According to another embodiment of the invention, farther include, the measuring method of Turbulent Flow Field multiple dimensioned measurement system,
Carried out analytical operation along time orientation by speed measuring point each in one-dimensional discrete orthogonal wavelet transformation stream field, obtain flow field
In the multiple dimensioned turbulence structure that comprises.
The measuring method of Turbulent Flow Field multiple dimensioned measurement system specifically includes following steps:
1. set in circulating water chennel measurement field S size as 150 mm × 150 mm, the particle flux in measurement field S is divided into 64
× 64 calculate query region；
2. gathered the Particles Moving image of 1025 by high-speed camera, frequency acquisition is 1024 continuous transient states of 500 Hz
Flow field, flow field velocity parameter is represented by, wherein i=1 ..., nx; j=1, …, ny; t=1, …, n,
nx 、ny Being respectively 64,64 and 1024 with the value of n, speed parameter v represents and flows to speed U or flow vertically to speed V；
3. 1024 instantaneous speed that flow to of certain point in flow field are put into an one-dimensional data matrix UN:
(1)
In this calculates, the value of above formula N is 10；
4. by Daubechies wavelet basis Matrix C that coefficient is 10NTo primary data matrix UNCarry out convolution algorithm, obtain by
Smooth-going coefficient (low-frequency component) and difference coefficient (radio-frequency component) (si 1And di 1, i=1 ..., 2N-1) the wavelet coefficient square that forms
Battle array:
(2)
5. by permutation matrix PNMatrixIn smooth-going coefficient si 1Displacement is arrivedFirst half in matrix, difference system
Number di NDisplacement is arrivedLatter half in matrix:
(3)
6. the fairing coefficient front step obtained carries out convolution further and displacement calculates, until the wavelet coefficient of out to out is divided
This process out, is repeated N-4 time by solution.In following formula 4, matrix S is referred to as matrix of wavelet coefficients, by different little of N-2
Wave system number component forms, and wavelet analysis matrix W can be obtained by the Cascade algorithms of wavelet basis matrix and permutation matrix:
S = WUN (4)
W = P4C4…PN-1CN-1PNCN, (5)
7. due to the orthogonality (W of wavelet analysis matrixTW=I, wherein I is unit matrix), the inverse transformation of discrete wavelet can be led to
Cross following formula to express:
UN= WTS (6)
8. based on the frequency characteristic of each coefficient component in matrix of wavelet coefficients, wavelet coefficient is decomposed into each component sum by us
And each component is reconstructed:
(7)
, (8)
Wherein WTS1For yardstick 1 Wavelet Component, WTSN-2Wavelet Component for yardstick N-2.At most can be by above formula
Initial flow direction resolution of velocity is N-2 yardstick, and the Wavelet Component of each yardstick is characterized with different mid frequencyes.Apply same
N in method stream fieldxnyThe individual speed parameter measuring point decomposes, and can obtain the edge being made up of different scale Wavelet Component
The instantaneous velocity field of time orientation change.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, the invention provides a kind of method extracting flow field different scale turbulence structure,
Customer service traditional method can only extract the weakness of flow field large-scale structure.On this basis by different scale flow field parameter is entered
Row is analyzed and is obtained the new physical message comprised in flow field, provides a kind of qualitative and quantitative for further investigation Turbulent Flow Field structure
The new tool analyzed.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention is further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow field survey system schematic of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the one-dimensional orthogonal wavelet decomposition schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that in flow field of the present invention, certain point flows to speed and corresponding Wavelet Component changes over graph of a relation；
In Fig. 3, a is to measure point to flow to speed and change over graph of a relation；
In Fig. 3, b-i is changed over graph of a relation by measuring the different scale Wavelet Component a little flowing to resolution of velocity；
Fig. 4 is transient flow field motion pattern of the present invention；
In Fig. 4, a is the subtransient flow field motion pattern without one-dimensional orthogonal wavelet decomposition；
The transient flow motion pattern that in Fig. 4, b is made up of large scale Wavelet Component；
The transient flow motion pattern that in Fig. 4, c is made up of mesoscale Wavelet Component；
The transient flow motion pattern that in Fig. 4, d is made up of little multi-scale wavelet component；
Fig. 5 is eddy stress scattergram of the present invention；
In Fig. 5, a is the initial flow-field eddy stress scattergram without one-dimensional orthogonal wavelet decomposition；
In Fig. 5, b is the eddy stress scattergram obtained by large scale Wavelet Component；
In Fig. 5, c is the eddy stress scattergram obtained by mesoscale Wavelet Component；
In Fig. 5, d is the eddy stress scattergram obtained by little multi-scale wavelet component.
In figure 1, circulating water chennel, 2, high-speed camera, 3, continuous laser source, 4, flow field trace particle, 5, triangular prism, 6,
Current.
Detailed description of the invention
If Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention, a kind of Turbulent Flow Field multiple dimensioned measurement system, including circulating water chennel 1, height
Speed video camera 2, continuous laser source 3 and flow field trace particle 4, be provided with triangular prism 5 in described circulating water chennel 1.
A height of 2 m of length and width × 0.4m × 0.2 m of circulating water chennel 1.
In circulating water chennel 1, the free-stream velocity of current 6 is 0.29m/s.
The height of triangular prism 5 is 50mm, a length of 400mm, and the Turbulent Flow Field Reynolds number that triangular prism 5 wake flow is corresponding is
14440。
High-speed camera 2 is continuously shot the Particles Moving image of 1025, shutter speed with the resolution of 1024 × 1024
Degree and frame rate are respectively 0.2 ms and 500 fps.
The light beam that continuous laser source 3 produces illuminates the target flow field by grain direction median plane.
Flow field trace particle 4 is granules of polystyrene, a diameter of 63-150 micron, and is evenly distributed in circulating water chennel
In 1.
The measuring method of a kind of Turbulent Flow Field multiple dimensioned measurement system, by one-dimensional discrete orthogonal wavelet transformation to recirculated water
In groove 1 flow field, each speed measuring point carries out analytical operation along time orientation, and comprise in acquisition circulating water chennel 1 flow field is multiple dimensioned
Turbulence structure,
The measuring method of Turbulent Flow Field multiple dimensioned measurement system specifically includes following steps:
1. set in circulating water chennel 1 measurement field S size as 150 mm × 150 mm, the particle flux in measurement field S is divided into
64 × 64 calculate query region；
2. gathered the Particles Moving image of 1025 by high-speed camera 2, frequency acquisition is 1024 continuous winks of 500 Hz
State flow field, flow field velocity parameter is represented by, wherein i=1 ..., nx; j=1, …, ny; t=1, …,
n,nx 、ny Being respectively 64,64 and 1024 with the value of n, speed parameter v represents and flows to speed U or flow vertically to speed V；
3. 1024 instantaneous speed that flow to of certain point in flow field are put into an one-dimensional data matrix UN:
(1)
In this calculates, the value of above formula N is 10；
4. by Daubechies wavelet basis Matrix C that coefficient is 10NTo primary data matrix UNCarry out convolution algorithm, obtain by
Smooth-going coefficient (low-frequency component) and difference coefficient (radio-frequency component) (si 1And di 1, i=1 ..., 2N-1) the wavelet coefficient square that forms
Battle array:
(2)
5. by permutation matrix PNMatrixIn smooth-going coefficient si 1Displacement is arrivedFirst half in matrix, difference system
Number di NDisplacement is arrivedLatter half in matrix:
(3)
6. the fairing coefficient front step obtained carries out convolution further and displacement calculates, until the wavelet coefficient of out to out is divided
This process out, is repeated N-4 time by solution.In following formula 4, matrix S is referred to as matrix of wavelet coefficients, by different little of N-2
Wave system number component forms, and wavelet analysis matrix W can be obtained by the Cascade algorithms of wavelet basis matrix and permutation matrix:
S = WUN (4)
W = P4C4…PN-1CN-1PNCN, (5)
7. due to the orthogonality (W of wavelet analysis matrixTW=I, wherein I is unit matrix), the inverse transformation of discrete wavelet can be led to
Cross following formula to express:
UN= WTS (6)
8. based on the frequency characteristic of each coefficient component in matrix of wavelet coefficients, wavelet coefficient is decomposed into each component sum by us
And each component is reconstructed:
(7)
, (8)
Wherein WTS1For yardstick 1 Wavelet Component, WTSN-2Wavelet Component for yardstick N-2.At most can be by above formula
Initial flow direction resolution of velocity is N-2 yardstick, and the Wavelet Component of each yardstick is characterized with different mid frequencyes.Apply same
N in method stream fieldxnyThe individual speed parameter measuring point decomposes, and can obtain the edge being made up of different scale Wavelet Component
The instantaneous velocity field of time orientation change.Fig. 3 shows that in flow field, a certain point of measuring flows to eight small echos of speed U and its correspondence
Component changes over graph of a relation, wherein measure obtain flow to speed and can regard the superposition of different scale Wavelet Component as.Right
In flow field 64 × 64 measure point flow to speed U and vertical velocity V carries out wavelet transformation, the stream of available different scale
Field parameters, it is possible to achieve the qualitative and quantitative analysis that stream field is multiple dimensioned.Fig. 4 shows the measurement data drawn by measurement system
With the transient flow field motion pattern of different Wavelet Component compositions, big in its mesoscale 1,2 and 3 corresponding flow field respectively, neutralize little yardstick
Structure.Can be seen that the flow field structure of large scale keeps more consistent corresponding relation with the flow field structure that PIV records from Fig. 4 b,
Reflection is the large scale toll bar whirlpool occupying leading position in flow field.The mesoscale eddy structure major part that Fig. 4 c shows
Occur in flow field around separated boundary layer, this show this eddy structure may and Kelvin-Helmholtz instability
Relevant, and this eddy structure has certain quasi-ordering feature.And the little yardstick whirlpool in Fig. 4 d is mostly present in big chi
The inside of degree whirlpool.Furthermore, it is necessary to it is to be noted that what the Mesoscale and microscale structure that Fig. 4 c and 4d shows cannot record in measurement system
Showing in flow field figure 4a, this embodies this method advantage in terms of the different scale eddy structure of extraction flow field.
Owing to this method can obtain within the measurement time transient flow field information the most in the same time, the different chis after decomposition
Degree structure also can be averaged and statistical analysis further.As a example by the calculated eddy stress of different scale velocity component,
The second-order statistics analysis of stream field is briefly described.From Fig. 5 a and 5b it can be seen that the eddy stress of large-scale currents field structure
Being distributed the measurement result drawn with measurement system the most similar, the maximum of large-scale structure eddy stress is about measurement Reynolds should
The 88% of power maximum, this shows that the quasi-ordered motions of large-scale structure is the important component part of eddy stress.For mesoscale
(Fig. 5 c), its eddy stress integrated distribution is in the distribution of large scale eddy stress, and this shows the velocity perturbation of large scale
Also comprise the velocity perturbation of mesoscale.Additionally, be also found that the little chi of high frequency at bluff body edge and unmixing base edge
Degree velocity perturbation, although this fluctuation prevents take up leading position, but the generation with flow field medium-high frequency noise is relevant, and this by
The fluctuation that small-scale structure produces directly cannot be obtained by flow field survey.
Claims (8)
1. a Turbulent Flow Field multiple dimensioned measurement system, including measurement system, is characterized in that, described measurement system includes recirculated water
Groove (1), high-speed camera (2), continuous laser source (3) and flow field trace particle (4), described circulating water chennel is provided with three in (1)
Corner post (5).
A kind of Turbulent Flow Field multiple dimensioned measurement system the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described circulating water chennel (1)
A height of 2 m of length and width × 0.4m × 0.2 m.
A kind of Turbulent Flow Field multiple dimensioned measurement system the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described circulating water chennel (1)
The free-stream velocity of middle current (6) is 0.29m/s.
A kind of Turbulent Flow Field multiple dimensioned measurement system the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described triangular prism (5)
Being highly 50mm, a length of 400mm, the Turbulent Flow Field Reynolds number that triangular prism (5) wake flow is corresponding is 14440.
A kind of Turbulent Flow Field multiple dimensioned measurement system the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described high-speed camera
(2) it is continuously shot the Particles Moving image of 1025, shutter speed and frame rate to be respectively with the resolution of 1024 × 1024
0.2 ms and 500 fps.
A kind of Turbulent Flow Field multiple dimensioned measurement system the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described continuous laser source
(3) light beam produced illuminates the target flow field by grain direction median plane.
A kind of Turbulent Flow Field multiple dimensioned measurement system the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described flow field trace particle
(4) it is granules of polystyrene, a diameter of 63-150 micron, and be evenly distributed in circulating water chennel (1).
The measuring method of a kind of Turbulent Flow Field the most according to claim 1 multiple dimensioned measurement system, is characterized in that, by one
Speed measuring point each in circulating water chennel (1) flow field is carried out analytical operation by dimension Discrete Orthogonal Wavelet Transform along time orientation, obtains
Take the multiple dimensioned turbulence structure comprised in circulating water chennel (1) flow field,
The measuring method of Turbulent Flow Field multiple dimensioned measurement system specifically includes following steps:
1. set circulating water chennel (1) interior measurement field S size as 150 mm × 150 mm, the particle flux in measurement field S is divided
It is 64 × 64 and calculates query region；
2. gather the Particles Moving image of 1025 by high-speed camera (2), frequency acquisition be 1024 of 500 Hz continuously
Transient flow field, flow field velocity parameter is represented by, wherein i=1 ..., nx; j=1, …, ny; t=1,
…, n, nx 、ny Being respectively 64,64 and 1024 with the value of n, speed parameter v represents and flows to speed U or flow vertically to speed
Degree V；
3. 1024 instantaneous speed that flow to of certain point in flow field are put into an one-dimensional data matrix UN:
(1)
In this calculates, the value of above formula N is 10；
4. by Daubechies wavelet basis Matrix C that coefficient is 10NTo primary data matrix UNCarry out convolution algorithm, obtain by
Smooth-going coefficient and the matrix of wavelet coefficients of difference coefficient composition:
(2)
5. by permutation matrix PNMatrixIn smooth-going coefficient si 1Displacement is arrivedFirst half in matrix, difference system
Number di NDisplacement is arrivedLatter half in matrix:
(3)
6. the fairing coefficient front step obtained carries out convolution further and displacement calculates, until the wavelet coefficient of out to out is divided
This process out, is repeated N-4 time by solution, and in following formula 4, matrix S is referred to as matrix of wavelet coefficients, by different little of N-2
Wave system number component forms, and wavelet analysis matrix W can be obtained by the Cascade algorithms of wavelet basis matrix and permutation matrix:
S = WUN (4)
W = P4C4…PN-1CN-1PNCN, (5)
7. due to the orthogonality of wavelet analysis matrix, WTW=I, wherein I is unit matrix, and the inverse transformation of discrete wavelet can be passed through
Following formula is expressed:
UN= WTS (6)
8. based on the frequency characteristic of each coefficient component in matrix of wavelet coefficients, wavelet coefficient is decomposed into each component sum by us
And each component is reconstructed, obtain by different scale Wavelet Component form along time orientation change instantaneous velocity field:
(7)
, (8)。
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| CN106226214A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2016-12-14 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of rare earth-Ce particle concentration measurement system and method |
| CN106767722A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-05-31 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of turbulence intensity detection device under water based on dual camera |
| CN107621351A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-01-23 | 江苏大学 | A kind of flow around bluff bodies experimental provision |
| CN108090030A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-29 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of processing method of circle single pile local flow field |
| CN109115457A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2019-01-01 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of multiple dimensioned phase average method in flow field |
| CN110375954A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-10-25 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of vortex-induced vibration wake flow is released experimental rig and method |
| CN111665016A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-15 | 重庆交通大学 | River course bubble-vortex structure recognition tracking method and navigation early warning method |
| CN112844850A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 中国矿业大学 | Device suitable for observing movement process of fine particles in turbulent flow field |
| CN113916496A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-11 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Laboratory wave-induced turbulence observation system |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106226214A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2016-12-14 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of rare earth-Ce particle concentration measurement system and method |
| CN106767722A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-05-31 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of turbulence intensity detection device under water based on dual camera |
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| CN108090030A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-29 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of processing method of circle single pile local flow field |
| CN108090030B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2021-02-19 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Processing method of circular single-pile local flow field |
| CN109115457A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2019-01-01 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of multiple dimensioned phase average method in flow field |
| CN110375954A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-10-25 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of vortex-induced vibration wake flow is released experimental rig and method |
| CN111665016A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-15 | 重庆交通大学 | River course bubble-vortex structure recognition tracking method and navigation early warning method |
| CN111665016B (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2022-03-08 | 重庆交通大学 | River course bubble-vortex structure recognition tracking method and navigation early warning method |
| CN112844850A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 中国矿业大学 | Device suitable for observing movement process of fine particles in turbulent flow field |
| CN113916496A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-11 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Laboratory wave-induced turbulence observation system |
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