CN105838812A - SSR molecular marker for co-separation of cucumis sativus powdery mildew resistance major QTL - Google Patents

SSR molecular marker for co-separation of cucumis sativus powdery mildew resistance major QTL Download PDF

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CN105838812A
CN105838812A CN201610341936.XA CN201610341936A CN105838812A CN 105838812 A CN105838812 A CN 105838812A CN 201610341936 A CN201610341936 A CN 201610341936A CN 105838812 A CN105838812 A CN 105838812A
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powdery mildew
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何欢乐
聂京涛
蔡润
潘俊松
杨俊俊
彭佳林
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Abstract

The invention provides an SSR molecular marker for co-separation of cucumis sativus powdery mildew resistance major QTL. The SSR molecular marker is named as SSR-N2. The nucleotide sequence of SSR-N2 is shown in SEQ ID NO.1. The SSR molecular marker provided by the invention is high in stability and can be adopted for simple, convenient and rapid assistant screening on single plants of cucumis sativus with powdery mildew resistance in the seedling period, basis is laid for molecular marking assistant breeding for powdery mildew resistance, and the progress of cucumis sativus powdery mildew resistance molecular breeding can be greatly accelerated. Meanwhile, by adoption of the molecular marker for co-separation, basis for clone of the cucumis sativus powdery mildew resistance major QTL is also laid.

Description

With cucumber powdery mildew resistance main effect QTL be divided into from SSR molecular marker
The present invention be invention entitled " with cucumber powdery mildew resistance main effect QTL be divided into from SSR molecular marker ", application Number it is 2014103823068, the divisional application of the earlier application of filing date 2014-8-6.
Technical field
The present invention relates to technique for gene engineering, be specifically related to cucumber powdery mildew resistance main effect QTL be divided into from SSR molecule Labelling.
Background technology
Fructus Cucumidis sativi (Cucumis sativus L.) is that Cucurbitaceae (Cucurbitaceae) Cucumis annual herb overgrows climber. Fructus Cucumidis sativi as one of the most important vegetable crop in the world ten, one of Ye Shi China main cultivation vegetable crop, account for whole nation vegetable area About 10%.Fructus Cucumidis sativi serves not only as important vegetable crop and always enjoys the attention of breeding man, and cucumber chromosomal number is relatively Few 2n=2x=14, genome is less, and especially in 2009, the successful order-checking of Cucumber germplasm is that Fructus Cucumidis sativi is as cucurbitaceous Model plant carries out molecular biology research and provides great convenience.
In cucumber production, facing the harm of numerous disease, wherein powdery mildew is one of the most serious disease.Fructus Cucumidis sativi white lead Disease is the fungal disease caused by obligate parasite (Podosphaera xanthii), can fall ill at whole Fructus Cucumidis sativi period of duration, Main harm blade, can endanger stem time serious climing, particularly serious in the middle and late growth stage morbidity, makes plant uproot plants after their edible portions have been harvested ahead of time, makes Become serious production loss.Field rotating medicine, causes pesticide residues, affects fruit quality, jeopardizes food safety, and can dirt Dye environment.Long-term dispenser also can promote that Physiological Races of Powdery Mildew produces resistance, thus increases difficulty of prevention and cure, increases plantation family Production cost.Cultivating disease-resistant cucumber variety is the best method solving powdery mildew harm.Conventional breeding for disease resistance is the longest, Need through too much generation hybridization and backcross process；Disease occurs closely related with environmental condition, needs special sick garden to inoculate Identify；Each of which increases the difficulty cultivating Fructus Cucumidis sativi disease-resistant variety.
Molecular breeding can greatly speed up breeding process, significantly shortens breeding cycle.The fast development of modern biotechnology, for Breeding for disease resistance opens new approach, utilizes biotechnology to cultivate the focus that disease-resistant variety has become current.Before molecular breeding Carry is to obtain the functional gene of correlated traits or molecular marker closely linked with it.Utilize molecular marker analysis system, losing Pass and in colony, identify resistant heredity rule, compose in combination with molecular markers linkage map, position and clone powder mildew resistance base Cause, studies the molecular regulation mechanism of its function and resistance, can be molecular mark and the molecule of Fructus Cucumidis sativi resistant gene Design and context provides theoretical foundation.Utilize and the closely linked molecular marker of disease-resistant gene, carry out molecular marker assisted selection and educate Kind, multiple disease-resistant genes can be incorporated into a kind, significantly improve breeding efficiency, shorten breeding time, and significantly Improve disease-resistant dynamics and persistency, this has important meaning for cultivating the Fructus Cucumidis sativi disease-resistant varieties meeting grower's demand Justice.
Although the generation of ground family crop powdery mildew of cucumber is commonplace and serious, but position about its powdery mildew resistance gene Research the weakest, not yet find with powdery mildew resistance gene/QTL be divided into from labelling, not to mention gene gram Grand and the research of Resistance mechnism, rests on the stage of major gene resistance/QTL location at present.Owing to many reports show Huang Melon powder mildew resistance is controlled by multiple recessive genes, and researcher has carried out the analysis of QTL to it.2006, Sakata etc. Utilize the recombinant inbred lines of 97 strain Fructus Cucumidiss sativi anti-sense combination, located the QTL of anti-cucumber powdery mildew character first；4 6 QTLs relevant to temperature being detected in individual linkage group, wherein a main effect QTL on LGII is at 20 DEG C and 26 DEG C Under all show resistance.Liu etc. (2008a) utilize Fructus Cucumidis sativi height sense powdery mildew selfing line S94 and high mildew-resistance selfing line The F that S06 builds2:3Family has carried out QTL location, 5 powder mildew resistances QTL detected altogether, be distributed in linkage group 1, 2, on 5, the contribution rate of single QTL is between 3.4%～45%；The RIL built also by this two parent is total to 4 powder mildew resistances QTL detected, lay respectively in linkage group 1,2,4,6, the contribution rate of single QTL between Between 5.2%～21.0% (Liu et al., 2008b).Shen Liping (2009) applies ISSR (inter-simple sequence Repeats) and SRAP (sequence-related amplified polymorphism) labelling technique, yellow with height sense powdery mildew Melon kind D8 and the F of high powdery mildew resisting green cucumber variety JIN52Crowd surveillance to control cucumber powdery mildew resistance 2 QTL, Being respectively positioned in the 3rd linkage group, contribution rate is 7.6% and 13.5%.Open holy equality (2011) with K8 (disease-resistant) × K18 The F that (susceptible) combines2And F2:3Family is object of study, the QTL of 4 powder mildew resistances detected altogether.Recently, Fukino Utilize RIL 9 QTL to be detected Deng (2013), lay respectively on chromosome 1,3,4,5,6, single The contribution rate of QTL is between 5%～44%, and wherein the effect in 4 sites passes through residual heterozygous line (residual Heterozygous lines, RHLs) confirmed.He etc. (2013) utilize F2:3Family is to cucumber hypocotyl, son The white lead resistance of leaf and true leaf has carried out qtl analysis simultaneously, and result detects 6 on 1,3,4, No. 5 chromosomes QTL, the contribution rate of single QTL is between 6.1%～74.5%；Wherein 2 main effect QTLs are positioned at No. 5 chromosomes 40cM's is interval interior, explains the contribution rate of 21.0 74.5%, and Fructus Cucumidis sativi white lead resistance is served by hypocotyl resistance QTL Important effect.
Above-mentioned most research shows, the resistance of powdery mildew is jointly acted on by Fructus Cucumidis sativi by multiple genes, and resistant gene shows as Recessive effect, these factors add the difficulty that disease-resistant gene finely positions and separates.Owing to powdery mildew of cucumber is to cucumber production Impact is very big, and the research to cucumber powdery mildew resistance gene is a lot, but not yet has this cloned resistance gene and molecule machine at present The report of system research, the acquired linked marker genetic distance farther out, is unfavorable for carrying out of molecular mark, hinders The process of disease-resistant variety molecular breeding.Therefore, find with cucumber powdery mildew resistance gene/QTL close linkage, be divided into from Molecular marker, it is finely positioned, separate and clones, this be not only able to into its disease-resistant molecular breeding provide good Technical support, is also that the molecular mechanism opening cucumber powdery mildew resistance lays the foundation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is Application No. 2014103823068, the divisional application of the earlier application of filing date 2014-8-6.
The purpose of the present invention, the problem being to overcome QTL positioning difficulty big, it is provided that and cucumber powdery mildew resistance main effect QTL pm5.1 be divided into from codominance SSR molecular marker.The present invention utilizes BSA (Bulked Segregant Analysis) With QTL positioning mode, find a main effect QTL controlling powder mildew resistance.In order to finely position this main effect QTL, we Construct the chromosome segment substitution line (Chromosome Segment Substitution Lines, CSSL) containing main effect QTL And the segregating population that backcrosses.By fine location and the exploitation of labelling, obtain three and cucumber powdery mildew resistance main effect QTL Be divided into from SSR marker, in order to the foundation of molecular mark system.The molecular marker of the present invention can be easy, fast Speed, it is applied to breeding practice with high throughput.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
One with cucumber powdery mildew resistance main effect QTL be divided into from SSR molecular marker, named SSR-N2, its nucleoside Acid sequence is as shown in SEQ ID NO.1.
Above-mentioned SSR-N2 is expanded by forward primer SSR-N2-F and downstream primer SSR-N2-R PCR and obtains, described upstream The sequence of primer SSR-N2-F is 5 '-CTTCATTGTTGATTTCCAGGC-3 ', described downstream primer SSR-N2-R Sequence be 5 '-TGTTACGACCTATAACCACAAAAT-3 '.
Present invention BSA and QTL positioning mode, utilize F2Colony finds a main effect QTL controlling powder mildew resistance. In order to finely position this main effect QTL, the method constantly backcrossed is utilized to construct the chromosome segment substitution line containing main effect QTL (Chromosome Segment Substitution Lines, CSSL) and the segregating population that backcrosses thereof.By to the separation that backcrosses Colony BC3F1, BC2F2Resistance Identification analysis, powder mildew resistance has turned into the heredity of single Mendelian factor, i.e. by single-gene Controlling, resistance is recessive inheritance.By fine location, resistant gene navigates to labelling UW065021 and UW065094 Between, physical distance 170kb.By Cucumber germplasm sequence, developing SSR labelling therebetween, finally obtain three With cucumber powdery mildew resistance main effect QTL be divided into from SSR marker, be named as SSR-N1, SSR-N2, SSR-N3 respectively. 3 be divided into from SSR molecular marker be codominant marker, it is possible to distinguish homozygote and heterozygote, be beneficial to powdery mildew and resist Property breeding the foundation of molecular marker assistant system, breeding practice can be applied to easy, quickly, with high throughput.
Compared with prior art, there is advantages that conventional traditional breeding for disease resistance is the longest, need through Many generation hybridization and backcross process；Disease occurs closely related with environmental condition, needs special sick garden to carry out inoculated identification；This Both increase the difficulty cultivating Fructus Cucumidis sativi disease-resistant variety a bit.Owing to Powdery Mildew is obligate parasite, Resistance Identification needs inoculation, And plant easily dies after morbidity；And powdery mildew resistance gene shows as recessive effect more, conventional method back cross breeding needs After first backcross generation, a selfing generation again confirms the infiltration of resistant gene, and these factors both increase the cycle of powder mildew resistance breeding And difficulty.Being divided into from SSR molecular marker of the present invention is codominance, can identify plant at cucumber at seedling stage, and can distinguish Homozygote and heterozygote, eliminate the step often for selfing, follow the tracks of resistant gene with molecular marker during the infiltration that backcrosses, Both having saved time also accurate, so can be used for the molecular mark of cucumber powdery mildew resistance, having greatly accelerated that powdery mildew of cucumber resisted The process of property breeding.It is total to separation marking simultaneously and also will promote the clone of powder mildew resistance QTL/ gene, thus for disclosing white lead The molecular mechanism that sick resistance is formed lays the foundation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis effect of molecular marker SSR-N1；
Fig. 2 is the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis effect of molecular marker SSR-N2；
Fig. 3 is the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis effect of molecular marker SSR-N3.
Shown in figure, S1001 is disease-resistant parent；S05 is Susceptible parent；F1Represent two parent filial generations；R and S divides Do not represent BC2F2Backcross the testing result of the disease-resistant and disease plant of random choose in segregating population.
Detailed description of the invention
One, the qualification of cucumber powdery mildew resistance main effect QTL/gene
1. informative population and Resistance Identification
Preliminary Resistance QTL location is F2Colony, disease-resistant parent is S1003, and Susceptible parent is S1001, they Broadly fall into the Fructus Cucumidis sativi selfing line of North China type.The F that two parents produce1F is produced for selfing2For colony.Powder mildew resistance Identify that the strain used is isolated from the cucumber plant of Shanghai Communications University's greenhouse morbidity.Randomly choose 148 Strain F2Generation individuality carries out Resistance Identification in seedling stage.From susceptible seedling, gather the Powdery Mildew of purification, make spore with sterilized water Fullness over the chest during pregnancy supernatant liquid, being adjusted to concentration is 1 × 105Individual mL-1.When the 3rd true leaf of Fructus Cucumidis sativi just launches deployed spore suspension Liquid is uniformly sprayed onto on true leaf, not become drops to be as the criterion.Inoculated and cultured 12d " Invest, Then Investigate " incidence.The incidence of plant It is divided into 5 grades according to (2003) such as Morishita.0 grade and 1 grade is considered as disease-resistant, and more than 2 grades are considered as susceptible.
According to incidence survey, S1003 is high anti-, and S1001 is high sense, F1For susceptible, it is partial to Susceptible parent；F2Colony Disease resistance presents bimodal distribution, and incidence trend is partial to susceptible, and intermediate form is less, illustrates to there is recessive major gene resistance Control the disease resistance of white lead.
2.BSA method and qtl analysis determine the chromosome position of major gene resistance
Therefore we take the chromosomal region at BSA method elder generation's antagonism major gene resistance place to be analyzed.From F2Separate group Body randomly selects high anti-and high individual each 10 strains of sense respectively, sets up anti-, sense gene pool.With 780 to putting down on chromosome Two parents and two gene pools are screened by the SSR primer being all distributed.
SSR reaction system is genomic DNA 30ng, primer 0.2 μm ol/L, 200 μm ol/L dNTPs, 2mmol/L MgCl2,1 μ l 10 × PCR reactions buffer, 0.5U Taq DNA polymerase, overall reaction system is 10 μ l.PCR Amplification program is: 94 DEG C of 5min；35 circulations: 94 DEG C of 30s, 55-60 DEG C of 30s, 72 DEG C of 30s；72℃5min.Expand Volume increase thing separates with 6% denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and electrophoretic buffer is 1 × TBE, 45W invariable power, electrophoresis 1.5h-2h。
Silver staining is carried out after electrophoresis.Silver staining method is: put in fixative by the glass plate of band glue, shaking table is shaken gently for Indicator color fade, wherein the consisting of of fixative: glacial acetic acid, dehydrated alcohol, the volume ratio of distilled water are 1:10:100； With ultrapure washing 1min-3min；Shake half an hour in dyeing liquor put into by offset plate after rinsing, and wherein the component of dyeing liquor is 2g/L silver nitrate；Putting into the offset plate after dyeing to rinse in ultra-pure water puts into after 5s equipped with in the plastic casing of developer solution, gently It is clear to shake to band, puts into flushing 3min in tap water；Under room temperature be dried, take pictures after drying, wherein developer solution be In 1L distilled water, addition 15g NaOH and 3ml formaldehyde are uniformly mixed so as to obtain.
Being screened by BSA, continuous 7 SSR marker at the 5th chromosome long arm end show as polymorphism between pond, Therefore powdery mildew resistance main effect gene is positioned at this region.In order to further determine that the position of resistance main effect gene, we Carry out qtl analysis.Average from 7 chromosomes of Fructus Cucumidis sativi have selected 73 polymorphism SSR marker to 148 strain F2 Electrophoretic analysis has been carried out for individuality.JoinMap 3.0 is used to build linkage map, wherein LOD >=5.0, use Kosambi Recombination fraction is converted into genetic distance by function.By F2The average of three blade grades of colony's individual plant is as the disease-resistant state of an illness of plant Index carries out QTL mapping.Qtl analysis uses QTL Cartographer 2.5, uses composite interval mapping method (CIM) to enter Row QTL maps.By the result of qtl analysis, the long-armed end at the 5th chromosome finds a main effect QTL pm5.1, This position drawn with BSA method coincide, and therefore we determined that this position exists a main effect controlling powder mildew resistance QTL。
Two, backcross the structure of segregating population and the fine location of main effect QTL
Being all North China type Fructus Cucumidis sativi due to parent S1003 Yu S1001, sibship is near, and polymorphism mark is few, therefore structure Build and have employed the European greenhouse Fructus Cucumidis sativi selfing line S05 of high sense powdery mildew when backcrossing segregating population as donor parents.Knot Close selfing after MAS was backcrossed by many generations, construct the backcross population BC of only main effect QTL pm5.1 region disconnecting3F1, BC2F2.Respectively to 2 BC3F1Colony's (114 strains, 480 strains) and BC2F2The Resistance Identification of colony's (483 strain), Anti-, sense ratio meets 1:1 and 1:3 through chi-square analysis, and therefore, Resistance QTL has been converted into single Mendelian factor, i.e. Dominant gene, and disease-resistant for recessive inheritance.The molecular marker developed by main effect QTL region is to these 1074 individual plants Carrying out linkage analysis, disease-resistant gene is finely navigated between SSR marker UW065021 and UW065094 by result, thing Reason distance 170kb.By Cucumber germplasm sequence, develop 15 pairs of SSR marker therebetween, result only have 3 to Polymorphism, i.e. molecular marker SSR-N1, SSR-N2, SSR-N3 is had between parent.By colony's linkage analysis, finally draw These three SSR molecular marker and cucumber powdery mildew resistance main effect QTL be divided into from, i.e. the disease-resistant plant banding pattern of colony all with Disease-resistant parent's banding pattern is consistent, and all Susceptible parents of disease plant banding pattern or F1Banding pattern.
Fig. 1 is the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis effect of molecular marker SSR-N1, and Fig. 2 is the poly-of molecular marker SSR-N2 Acrylamide gel electrophoresis effect, Fig. 3 is the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis effect of molecular marker SSR-N3.

Claims (2)

1. one with cucumber powdery mildew resistance main effect QTL be divided into from SSR molecular marker, named SSR-N2, its core Nucleotide sequence is as shown in SEQ ID NO.1.
The most according to claim 1 be divided into cucumber powdery mildew resistance main effect QTL from SSR molecular marker, its Being characterised by, described SSR-N2 is expanded by forward primer SSR-N2-F and downstream primer SSR-N2-R PCR and obtains, institute The sequence stating forward primer SSR-N2-F is 5 '-CTTCATTGTTGATTTCCAGGC-3 ', described downstream primer The sequence of SSR-N2-R is 5 '-TGTTACGACCTATAACCACAAAAT-3 '.
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