CN105838477A - Method for preparing glymes lubricant base oil - Google Patents
Method for preparing glymes lubricant base oil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105838477A CN105838477A CN201610280952.2A CN201610280952A CN105838477A CN 105838477 A CN105838477 A CN 105838477A CN 201610280952 A CN201610280952 A CN 201610280952A CN 105838477 A CN105838477 A CN 105838477A
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- Prior art keywords
- ether compound
- vinyl ether
- compound monomer
- alcohol
- base oil
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M107/22—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M107/24—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an alcohol, aldehyde, ketonic, ether, ketal or acetal radical
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an alcohol or ester thereof; bound to an aldehyde, ketonic, ether, ketal or acetal radical
- C10M2209/043—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an alcohol or ester thereof; bound to an aldehyde, ketonic, ether, ketal or acetal radical used as base material
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing glymes lubricant base oil, and belongs to the technical field of industrial catalysis .The method includes the steps that calcium carbide and alcohol are reacted under the effect of an alkali metal catalyst to generate a vinyl ether compound monomer and calcium alkoxide, the vinyl ether compound is collected and purified with a distillation method, the vinyl ether compound monomer obtained after distillation purification is polymerized in a polymerizing kettle under the effect of an aluminum chloride complex catalyst to generate a coarse polyvinyl ether product, the aluminum chloride complex catalyst in the coarse polyvinyl ether product is removed with a filtering method, the filtered coarse polyvinyl ether product enters a reduced pressure distillation tower, a product at the top of the reduced pressure distillation tower is subjected to gas-liquid separation, low polymers and the unreacted vinyl ether compound monomer are obtained, and the unreacted vinyl ether compound monomer reenters the polymerizing kettle for a polymerizing reaction; the coarse polyvinyl ether product is catalyzed, hydrogenated and subjected to impurity removing, and the glymes lubricant base oil is obtained .The method is simple, the purity of the prepared vinyl ether compound monomer is high, and the kinematic viscosity of the glymes lubricant base oil is adjustable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to lubricating oil synthesis field, relate to a kind of method preparing glymes lube base oil.
Background technology
Polyethers as lubricant, being mainly characterized by of it: there is the feature of noncoking under excellent property of viscosity versus temperature and high temperature, can
Make the lubricating oil at mechanical high-temperature position；Have excellent low temperature properties and to hydrogen, ethene, natural gas solubility little, with freon
Gas has the feature of good intersolubility, can make gas compression machine oil, refrigerator oil and pumping fluid etc.；There is good lubrication
Property, and have the effect of good dissolution precipitation, engine interior can be made to keep cleaning, do not stay residue when burning completely, be suitable for
Fully closed I. C. engine oil, gear oil and Dong Xia gear oil etc.；Having good thickening effect, anti-shear performance is good, under high pressure
Do not generate sediment and paint-like substance, be suitable to make the base oil of fire resistant hydraulic oil.Vinyl ethers compound is a kind of important organic conjunction
Becoming intermediate and the monomer of high polymer, its homopolymers and copolymer are widely used in adhesive, coating, lubricant, plasticising
Many fields such as agent, insecticide and surface protecting material, therefore, vinyl ethers compound receives attention greatly.Vinyl
The preparation method of ether compound has: acetylene method, and reaction expression is as follows:
I.e. under high temperature, high pressure, alcohol directly reacts prepared with acetylene gas, but owing to using high-temperature high-pressure apparatus, acetylene
Explosion limit wider range (being 2.5%～81% with the volume ratio of air), operates and careless slightly will cause blast.
Dehydrohalogenation method, reaction expression is as follows:
The method
Reaction condition gentle compared with acetylene method but the raw material mix of reaction is required, this is because vinyl ether compound can not be with one
As the synthetic method of ethers prepare, thus the target product of synthesis is also by a definite limitation.
Acetals, reaction expression is as follows:
Decomposing solution has gas phase system and liquid-phase system two kinds.Vapor-phase thermal cracking method uses metal to make catalyst, makes acetal steam
Vapour is cracked by the catalyst layer under high temperature.Acetal cracks under liquid phase medium and suitable catalyst existence condition.It
Have that equipment is simple, reaction condition is the most even is easily controlled.Advantage, it it is critical only that medium and the selection of catalyst and how
The alkene ether that cracking produces is separated from reaction system, and prevents from recombining with the alcohol cracking generation.
Above 3 kinds of methods are respectively arranged with feature, compare with regard to various factors list below.
For dangerous big, the difficult problem of glymes lube base oil synthon preparation, and polyvinylether
The problems such as class lubricating oil base oil hydrogenation removal of impurities difficulty.We find a new way, by CaC2Auxiliary as mild reaction conditions is urged
Agent, and the most directly use acetylene gas.CaC2The principle reacting generation vinyl ether compound with alcohol is as follows:In mix products, available distillation
Method collect vinyl ether compound, accessory substance Ca (OR)2Remain because of relatively stable, do not interfere with the purity of product.Through steaming
Evaporate vinyl ether compound monomer after purification and polymerisation occurs under aluminium trichloride complex catalyst effect in polymeric kettle
Generating the thick product of polyvinylether, polymerization principle is as follows:
The thick product of polyvinylether is through filtering off except aluminium trichloride complex catalyst, and after filtration, the thick product of polyvinylether enters and steams
Evaporating tower, distillation overhead product obtains oligomer and unreacted vinyl ether compound monomer, unreacted ethene through gas-liquid separation
Base ether compound monomer reenters polymeric kettle generation polymerisation.The hydrogenated removal of impurities of destilling tower bottom product prepares polyvinylether
Class lubricating oil base oil form and aspect are improved the most water-white and have good heat endurance., all there are some not in following known technology
Foot:
Chinese patent, publication number: CN100590110C, introduce the production method of a kind of vinyl ethers, the method uses
Acetals prepares vinyl ethers compound.Containing alcohol in the vinyl ethers compound of preparation, responseless two
Butyl acetal, low boilers and water, therefore vinyl ethers compound purity is low, big on subsequent polymerisation reaction impact.
Summary of the invention
The invention discloses a kind of method preparing glymes lube base oil, belong to lubricating oil synthesis field.
Calcium carbide and alcohol are reacted generation vinyl ether compound monomer under base metal catalysts effect by the method, poly-after distillation purifying
Closing and prepare the thick product of polyvinylether, the thick product of polyvinylether prepares polyvinylether lube base oil through catalytic hydrogenation removal of impurities.Should
Method is simple, prepares vinyl ether compound monomer purity high, and polyvinylether lube base oil kinematic viscosity is adjustable.
Technical scheme:
A kind of method preparing glymes lube base oil, step is as follows:
In reactor, calcium carbide and alcohol react generation vinyl ether compound monomer and alcohol under base metal catalysts effect
Calcium, because alcohol calcium is more stable, collects ethylene purification base ether compound, the vinyl ethers chemical combination after distillation purifying by the method for distillation
Thing monomer occurs polymerisation to generate the thick product of polyvinylether, poly-second under aluminium trichloride complex catalyst effect in polymeric kettle
The thick product of alkene ether is through filtering off except aluminium trichloride complex catalyst, and after filtration, the thick product of polyvinylether enters vacuum distillation tower, subtracts
Pressure distillation overhead product obtains oligomer and unreacted vinyl ether compound monomer, unreacted vinyl ethers through gas-liquid separation
Compound monomer reenters polymeric kettle generation polymerisation.Vacuum distillation tower bottom product is pressurized to be mixed directly to enter with hydrogen
Enter the hydrogenation tower equipped with hydrogenation catalyst, feeding temperature 150-170 DEG C, hydrogen partial pressure 15-18MPa, volume space velocity 0.4-0.6h-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio 400:1；Hydrogenation catalyst is eggshell type Pd catalyst, prepares polyvinylether lubricating oil through catalytic hydrogenation removal of impurities
Base oil.
Described alcohol is one or more mixing in methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, isopropanol；
Described calcium carbide is more than 3 with the mol ratio of alcohol, and the suitableeest scope is 3.5-5；
Described base metal catalysts is one or more mixing of K, KOH, Na, NaOH；
Described vacuum distillation tower operation pressure is 10-30KPa.
Described eggshell type Pd catalyst is used for glymes lube base oil fixed bed continuously hydrogen adding, first with molten
Glymes lube base oil is diluted by agent, and the ratio 50% shared by glymes lube base oil, then with hydrogen
Gas mixing carries out being hydrogenated with removal of impurities and removes the double bond in glymes lube base oil and acetal, making of eggshell type Pd catalyst
React with avoiding the further of target product, the selectivity of intermediate product in irreversible tandem reactor process can be improved.And
Reduce the consumption of catalyst noble metal palladium.Effectively reduce catalyst cost, be beneficial to amplify production, the polyvinylether after hydrogenation removal of impurities
Class lubricating oil base oil form and aspect are improved to water white, and heat endurance improves, and viscosity slightly reduces.
Present invention process is simple, prepares vinyl ether compound monomer purity high, and polyvinylether lube base oil moves
Viscosity is adjustable, has good prospects for commercial application.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the present invention.
In figure: 1 synthesis reactor；2 atmospheric distillation towers；3 polymeric kettles；4 filters；5 vacuum distillation towers；
6 hydrogenation towers；7 knockout drums.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with technical scheme and accompanying drawing, further illustrate the detailed description of the invention of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: calcium carbide and alcohol react generation vinyl ether compound monomer under base metal catalysts effect.With alkali gold
Metal catalyst is catalyst, and the consumption of catalyst is the 10% of calcium carbide quality, is directly reacted with calcium carbide by alcohol under high temperature, high pressure
Prepare vinyl ether compound monomer.Investigating alcohol kind, alcohol and calcium carbide mol ratio, vinyl is etherified by base metal catalysts kind
The impact of monomer adduct yield.Table 1 is methyl alcohol with calcium carbide different proportion at Different Alkali catalyst ethylene base ether compound yield.
Table 2 is ethanol with calcium carbide different proportion at Different Alkali catalyst ethylene base ether compound yield.
Table 3 is propyl alcohol with calcium carbide different proportion at Different Alkali catalyst ethylene base ether compound yield.
Table 4 is isopropanol with calcium carbide different proportion at Different Alkali catalyst ethylene base ether compound yield.
Embodiment 2: the vinyl ether compound monomer after distillation purifying.With ethanol with calcium carbide mol ratio for 5, K is used to make
For as a example by the vinyl ether compound that base metal catalysts prepares.Destilling tower operation temperature is 40-45 DEG C.
Embodiment 3: the polymerization of vinyl ether compound monomer generates the thick product of polyvinylether.With ethanol with calcium carbide mol ratio it is
5, use K as base metal catalysts, the vinyl ether compound after distillation purifying is monomer, urges with alchlor for polymerization
Agent, polymerization temperature is 200-260 DEG C.Polymerization catalyst can also is that boron trifluoride.
Embodiment 4: the thick product of polyvinylether filters removes polymerization catalyst.On the basis of embodiment 3, polyvinylether is thick
Product removes polymerization catalyst through the screen filtration of 200-800 mesh.
Embodiment 5: polyvinylether thick product distillation purifying.On the basis of embodiment 4, the thick product of polyvinylether after filtration
Entering vacuum distillation tower, vacuum distillation tower top product obtains oligomer and unreacted vinyl ether compound list through gas-liquid separation
Body, unreacted vinyl ether compound monomer reenters polymeric kettle generation polymerisation.Vacuum distillation tower operation pressure is
10-30Kpa, theoretical cam curve is more than 40 pieces.
Embodiment 6: after decompression distillation purifying, polyvinylether prepares polyvinylether lube base oil through catalytic hydrogenation removal of impurities.
First with solvent, vacuum distillation tower bottom product is diluted, the ratio 50% shared by glymes lube base oil, then
Mix with hydrogen and carry out being hydrogenated with the double bond in removal of impurities removal glymes lube base oil and acetal, pressurized mixed with hydrogen
Close and be directly entered the hydrogenation tower equipped with hydrogenation catalyst, feeding temperature 150-170 DEG C, hydrogen partial pressure 15-18MPa, volume space velocity
0.4-0.6h-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio 400:1；Hydrogenation catalyst is eggshell type Pd catalyst, prepares polyethylene through catalytic hydrogenation removal of impurities
Ether lube base oil form and aspect are improved to water-white, and viscosity slightly reduces and has good high-temperature hot stability.By this technique system
Standby vinyl ether compound monomer purity is high, and polyvinylether lube base oil kinematic viscosity is adjustable, has good industry
Application prospect.
Claims (8)
1. the method preparing glymes lube base oil, it is characterised in that step is as follows:
In reactor, calcium carbide and alcohol react generation vinyl ether compound monomer and alcohol calcium under base metal catalysts effect, use
Distillating method collects ethylene purification base ether compound monomer, and the vinyl ether compound monomer after distillation purifying is at alchlor
Occurring polymerisation to generate the thick product of polyvinylether under complex catalyst effect in polymeric kettle, the thick product of polyvinylether is through filtering
Removing aluminium trichloride complex catalyst, after filtration, the thick product of polyvinylether enters vacuum distillation tower, vacuum distillation tower top product warp
Gas-liquid separation obtains oligomer and unreacted vinyl ether compound monomer, and unreacted vinyl ether compound monomer enters again
Enter polymeric kettle generation polymerisation；Vacuum distillation tower bottom product pressurized mixing with hydrogen is directly entered equipped with hydrogenation catalyst
Hydrogenation tower, feeding temperature 150-170 DEG C, hydrogen partial pressure 15-18MPa, volume space velocity 0.4-0.6h-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio 400:
1；Described hydrogenation catalyst is eggshell type Pd catalyst, prepares polyvinylether lube base oil through catalytic hydrogenation removal of impurities；Institute
The calcium carbide stated is more than 3 with the mol ratio of alcohol.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described calcium carbide is 3.5-5 with the mol ratio of alcohol.
Method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: described alcohol is in methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, isopropanol
One or more mixing.
Method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described base metal catalysts is K, KOH, Na, NaOH
One or more mixing.
Method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described base metal catalysts is K, KOH, Na, NaOH
One or more mixing.
6. according to the method described in claim 1,2 or 5, it is characterised in that described vacuum distillation tower operation pressure is 10-
30KPa。
Method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described vacuum distillation tower operation pressure is 10-30KPa.
Method the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described vacuum distillation tower operation pressure is 10-30KPa.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610280952.2A CN105838477B (en) | 2016-04-28 | 2016-04-28 | Method for preparing polyvinyl ether lubricating oil base oil |
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| CN201610280952.2A CN105838477B (en) | 2016-04-28 | 2016-04-28 | Method for preparing polyvinyl ether lubricating oil base oil |
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| CN105838477B CN105838477B (en) | 2021-04-20 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106916238A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-07-04 | 上海欧勒奋生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method that PAO15 base oils are synthesized based on the modified alchlor of laurate |
| CN107033260A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-08-11 | 上海欧勒奋生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method that PAO9 base oils are synthesized based on the Aluminium Trichloride as Catalyst that Loprazolam is modified |
| CN107082831A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-08-22 | 上海欧勒奋生物科技有限公司 | A kind of synthetic method of top-grade lubricating oil PAO22 for automobile engine |
| CN110551522A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2019-12-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for preparing lubricating oil base oil |
| CN110607199A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2019-12-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for removing impurities from polyvinyl ether by hydrogenation |
| CN112125993A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-12-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for liquid-phase hydrofining of polyvinyl ether |
| CN112126503A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-12-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for removing impurities from polyvinyl ether by liquid-phase hydrogenation |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106916238A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-07-04 | 上海欧勒奋生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method that PAO15 base oils are synthesized based on the modified alchlor of laurate |
| CN107033260A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-08-11 | 上海欧勒奋生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method that PAO9 base oils are synthesized based on the Aluminium Trichloride as Catalyst that Loprazolam is modified |
| CN107082831A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-08-22 | 上海欧勒奋生物科技有限公司 | A kind of synthetic method of top-grade lubricating oil PAO22 for automobile engine |
| CN110551522A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2019-12-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for preparing lubricating oil base oil |
| CN110551522B (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2021-12-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for preparing lubricating oil base oil |
| CN110607199A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2019-12-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for removing impurities from polyvinyl ether by hydrogenation |
| CN110607199B (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2022-07-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for removing impurities by hydrogenating polyvinyl ether |
| CN112125993A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-12-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for liquid-phase hydrofining of polyvinyl ether |
| CN112126503A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-12-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for removing impurities from polyvinyl ether by liquid-phase hydrogenation |
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