CN105837492B - A kind of cyanide ion probe, preparation and application - Google Patents

A kind of cyanide ion probe, preparation and application Download PDF

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CN105837492B
CN105837492B CN201610186488.0A CN201610186488A CN105837492B CN 105837492 B CN105837492 B CN 105837492B CN 201610186488 A CN201610186488 A CN 201610186488A CN 105837492 B CN105837492 B CN 105837492B
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cyanide ion
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CN105837492A (en
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夏敏
卢晓林
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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    • G01N21/62Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N2021/6417Spectrofluorimetric devices

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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of cyanide ion probe, that is (E) [2 ˊ (4 N, N dimethylamino phenyls) vinyl] 1,3,3 tri-methyl indole quinoline salt compounded of iodine, it be by o-bromobenzaldehye first with 4 (N, N dimethylaminos) Suzuki reactions occur for phenyl pinacol borate, and gained intermediate is then again with 1,2,3,3 tetramethyl indoline salt compounded of iodine occur Witting reactions and obtained.The invention also discloses a kind of application process of cyanide ion probe.The probe good water solubility, cyanide ion can be detected in full aqueous medium, the response time is shorter than 20s, and Monitoring lower-cut reaches 55nM.In addition to carbonate and phosphate radical can produce weak interference, detection of other Common Anions to cyanide ion has no effect.Therefore, quick detection and monitoring of the probe available for cyanide ion content in food, medicine, agricultural product, dyestuff and drinking-water.

Description

A kind of cyanide ion probe, preparation and application
Technical field
The invention belongs to the quick detection of cyanide ion content and monitoring technology field, is specifically related to a kind of based on aggregation Cyanide ion probe, preparation and the application of state Fluorescence effects.
Background technology
Cyanide is a kind of highly important industrial chemicals, is widely used in plating, metallurgy, synthetic dyestuffs, synthetic fibers, conjunction The fields such as resin, substantial amounts of cyanide is especially needed to use to carry out the dump leaching of mineral in exploitation of gold deposit.It is estimated that the whole world About 1,500,000 tons of the cyanide consumed every year.However, the toxicity of cyanide is also very high, mammal can pass through lung, digestion Road, skin etc. are absorbed, and it is vomitted by suppressing the normal work of cytochrome oxidase on mitochondria produce poisoner Tell, faint from fear, the loss of consciousness, even death, minimum lethal dose is usually 0.5-3.5mg/kg body weight.Industry Waste containing cyanide Pollution of the water to underground and earth surface water source causes our drinking water safety risk increase, and exploitation rapidly and efficiently detection is drunk with monitoring The content of cyanide ion becomes very urgent in water.Further, since the necleophilic reaction performance that cyanide ion is good, it is also a large amount of Applied to the synthesis of medicine intermediate, thus a kind of reagent of cyanide remnants in medicine that sensitive can detect is developed to ensureing the people Masses' health is also particularly significant.
Fluorescence detection has the advantages that high sensitivity, Monitoring lower-cut are low, accuracy is good, response is fast, equipment requirement is simple, Turn into a kind of very important analysis detection means.In recent years, state of aggregation Fluorescence effects (AIE) receive the height of people Degree is paid attention to, and the report that fluoroscopic examination is carried out using AIE effects is emerged in an endless stream.Compound with such effect does not have in the solution Fluorescence, and have strong fluorescent emission under the conditions of the state of aggregations such as milkiness, suspended, colloid and solid.
When in fluorescence molecule simultaneously containing reprimand electron group with electron withdraw group, intramolecular electricity can be produced in the case where light excites Lotus transfer effect (ICT), so as to solvent discoloration phenomenon occur, i.e., as solvent polarity increases, the launch wavelength of fluorescence molecule by Gradually red shift, while fluorescence quantum yield declines.When two kinds of group electronic effect difference are more notable, or electronics be excited it is front and rear in sky Between on distributional difference it is bigger, then ICT effects are stronger.Indoline salt not only has good water solubility, it may have strong Electron-withdrawing power.When by itself and strong reprimand electronics base, such as 4-N, N- dimethylamino phenyls, benzene being introduced simultaneously in a manner of ortho position When on ring, then HOMO and LUMO tracks that spatially electronics is independently distributed are generated.Due to extremely strong ICT effects, have Fluorescence of the molecule of such structure in the intensive polar solvents such as water is thoroughly quenched.When the water that cyanide is added to this molecule After solution, cyanide ion with indoline salt partial reaction, makes the fragment lose water-soluble and electron-withdrawing power rapidly, thus instead The ICT effects in product are answered to weaken significantly, while the water-soluble reduction of product, it is presented coherent condition and caused in aqueous medium Strong fluorescent emission, that is, produce AIE effects.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of fluorescence probe water-soluble good and using AIE effects as luminous mechanism, there is response speed Degree is fast, interference less, the advantages that Monitoring lower-cut is low, determinand dosage is few.
A kind of cyanide ion probe, i.e. (E)-[2 ˊ-(4-N, N- dimethylamino phenyl) vinyl] -1,3,3- trimethyl Yin Diindyl quinoline salt compounded of iodine, its structural formula are as follows:
Present invention also offers a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned cyanide ion probe, including:O-bromobenzaldehye first with 4- Suzuki reactions occur for (N, N- dimethylamino) phenyl pinacol borate, and then gained intermediate is again with 1,2,3,3- tetramethyls Witting reactions occur for indoline salt compounded of iodine;Its synthetic route is as follows:
Intermediate 1 in above formula is 2- (4-N, N- dimethylamino phenyl) benzaldehyde, by o-bromobenzaldehye and 4-N, N- bis- Which alcohol ester of methylamino phenyl boric acid piece is in Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-dioxane/water (4:1, volume ratio) close palladium in mixed liquor, with four (triphenyl phosphorus) (5%mol) be catalyst, using cesium carbonate as acid binding agent, 80 DEG C~100 DEG C at obtain after heating response 10h~20h;Among this Body then with obtained after 1,2,3,3- tetramethyl indolines salt compounded of iodine in methyl alcohol 18~24h of back flow reaction cyanide ion probe (E)- [2 '-(4-N, N- dimethylamino phenyl) vinyl] -1,3,3- tri-methyl indole quinoline salt compounded of iodine, i.e. probe in above formula.
The probe of gained of the invention is peony flat crystal, stable in the air, can be preserved for a long time in dry conditions And never degenerate.The compound has good water solubility, and with the increase of its content in the aqueous solution, solution colour is gradually by pale yellow It is rufous that color, which is deepened,.
Present invention also offers the application side that a kind of above-mentioned probe is detected under the conditions of full aqueous medium to cyanide ion Method.
Experiment shows that after adding cyanide ion in the probe aqueous solution, solution colour is taken off rapidly by original yellowish-brown Become colorless, the change of color with the naked eye can also understand in the sunlight differentiates.Under 365nm ultraviolet lights, add cyanogen root from Bright blue-fluorescence is presented in solution after son, and does not add the probe solution before cyanide ion not have any fluorescence (see accompanying drawing 1).The probe solution added with the light beam irradiation of red laser pen after cyanide ion, can clearly seeing a branch of red light path, (fourth reaches That effect), and original probe ion aqueous solution is irradiated then without this phenomenon (see accompanying drawing 2), illustrate that the former has formed state of aggregation.Cause This, the probe is to detect cyanide ion based on AIE effects.
We carry out quantitative detection using fluorescent spectrometry to the performance of the cyanide ion probe, before and after acquisition probe adds Fluorescence intensity of the system at 435nm.Experiment shows, after the cyanide ion aqueous solution is added to 20s in the probe aqueous solution, body The fluorescence intensity of system no longer extends with further change with the time, illustrates that the probe can be completed to cyanogen root within 20s The response of ion (see accompanying drawing 3);Probe reaches 1 with cyanogen root dosage:During 3 equivalent proportion, the fluorescence intensity of system increases there is no obvious Add, illustrate that the probe at most only needs 3 equivalent cyanide ions to produce stable fluorescence response (see accompanying drawing 4 and accompanying drawing 5).
In addition, in addition to carbanion and phosphate anion can produce faint fluorescence with probe effect, other The no any interference of detection of more than the 20 kinds of common anion to probe illustrates the probe to cyanide ion (see accompanying drawing 6) Detection has very excellent selectivity.We determine fluorescence intensity-concentration curve under relatively low cyanide ion concentration (see attached Insertion portion in Fig. 5), obtain the slope of a curve.According to(wherein σ is plus before cyanide ion probe is not water-soluble to formula Liquid carries out the standard deviation of the fluorescence intensity level of 20 measurements at 435nm,To measure obtained fluorescence intensity-concentration curve Slope), it is 55nM to the Monitoring lower-cut value of cyanide ion concentration that the probe, which is calculated, is determined well below the World Health Organization 1.9 μM of safty of drinking water standard.Using when, preferably, cyanide ion concentration is at least 55nM in solution to be detected.
This item purpose is beneficial in that:
(1) the invention provides a kind of new cyanide ion probe based on AIE luminous mechanisms;
(2) probe of the invention can carry out the detection of cyanide ion in full aqueous medium, be expected to be applied to living biological cell The fluorescent tracing and imaging of middle cyanide ion;
(3) probe of the invention has the response being exceedingly fast to cyanide ion, and detecting can complete in 20s, can be applied to Field quick detection and monitoring to cyanide ion;
(4) probe of the invention reaches 55nM to the Monitoring lower-cut of cyanide ion concentration, more than many other types of cyanogen Radical ion probe, also testing requirements considerably beyond World Health Organization to cyanide ion content in safty of drinking water;
(5) detection of probe of the invention to cyanide ion has excellent selectivity, and other common anion do not produce Raw interference.
In summary, the probe good water solubility, cyanide ion can be detected in full aqueous medium, the response time is short, Testing requirements of the Monitoring lower-cut well below World Health Organization to cyanide ion content in safty of drinking water.Can except carbonate and phosphate radical Produce outside weak interference, detection of other Common Anions to cyanide ion has no effect.Therefore, the probe can be used for eating The quick detection of cyanide ion content and monitoring in product, medicine, agricultural product, dyestuff and drinking-water.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the probe aqueous solution (B portions under daylight (part A) and 365nm ultraviolet lights before and after addition cyanide ion Point) photo;
Fig. 2 is adds before cyanide ion (part A) with (part B) the probe aqueous solution afterwards under red laser beam irradiation Photo;
Fig. 3 be add cyanide ion after reaction time-fluorescence intensity relation curve (during measurement concentration and probe concentration be 20 μM, Cyanide ion concentration is 60 μM, sampling interval 0.06s);
Fig. 4 is the ion concentration-fluorescence intensity spectrogram added after cyanide ion (concentration and probe concentration is 20 μM during measurement);
Fig. 5 is the ion concentration-fluorescence intensity relation curve added after cyanide ion (concentration and probe concentration is 20 μM during measurement);
Fig. 6 is that (concentration and probe concentration is 20 μM to fluorescence intensity of the different anions to probe response during measurement, and potassium cyanide concentration is 60 μM, other testing concentrations are 200 μM;Black post:Probe+anion;Gray columns:Probe+anion+cyanide ion;1-23:CN -, CO3 2-, PO4 3-, SCN-, HS-, S2-, SO4 2-, HSO4 -, S2O3 2-, HPO4 2-, H2PO4-, F-, Cl-, Br-, I-, N3-, NO2-, NO3-, HCO3-, OAc-, HSO3-, SO3 2-, ClO4ˉ);
Fig. 7 is intermediate 11H-NMR spectrum;
Fig. 8 is intermediate 113C-NMR spectrograms;
Fig. 9 is the EI-MS spectrograms of intermediate 1;
Figure 10 is probe molecule1H-NMR spectrum;
Figure 11 is probe molecule13C-NMR spectrograms;
Figure 12 is the EI-MS spectrograms of probe molecule.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:The synthesis of intermediate 2- (4-N, N- dimethylamino phenyl) benzaldehyde 1
Under room temperature and nitrogen stream atmosphere, by 4-N, two Evil of N- dimethylamino phenyl boric acids piece any alcohol ester (20mmol, 4.92g) Alkane/water mixed solution (20mL, 4:1 volume ratio) with syringe injection fill o-bromobenzaldehye (18mmol, 3.31g), cesium carbonate (20mmol, 3.88g) and four (triphenyl phosphorus) conjunction palladium (0.9mmol, 1.07g) dioxanes/water mixed solution (30mL, 4:1 body Product ratio) in.Mixture is cooled to room temperature at 90 DEG C after heating response 16h, by reacting liquid filtering, gained filtrate water (150mL) dilutes, and is extracted with ethyl acetate (3 × 20mL).The extract of merging filters after anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, filtrate Concentrate on a rotary evaporator, the isolated light yellow powder solid 3.36g of residual solution silica gel column chromatography, yield 83%.
The fusing point of intermediate 1, nucleus magnetic hydrogen spectrum data, nuclear-magnetism carbon modal data, EI-MS mass spectrometric datas difference are as follows:
m.p.77.4-79.3℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3) δ 2.93 (s, 6H), 6.71 (d, J=7.6Hz, 2H), 7.17 (d, J=8.0Hz, 2H), 7.31-7.37 (m, 2H), 7.50 (t, J=7.6Hz, 1H), 7.79 (d, J=8.0Hz, 1H), 9.94(s,1H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ40.58,112.05,126.63,127.54,130.63,131.10, 133.42,133.61,146.30,150.26,193.54;EI-MS (70eV) m/z (%) 225 (M+,100),196(45),182 (29),167(12),152(49),141(13),128(17),115(17),69(23),51(25),42(47).
Intermediate 11H-NMR spectrum such as Fig. 7,13C-NMR spectrograms such as Fig. 8, EI-MS spectrograms such as Fig. 9.
Embodiment 2:Probe (E)-[2 '-(4-N, N- dimethylamino phenyl) vinyl] -1,3,3- tri-methyl indole quinoline iodine The synthesis of salt
At room temperature, the methanol solution (25mL) of 1,2,3,3- tetramethyl indoline salt compounded of iodine (20mmol, 6.02g) is added dropwise Enter into the methanol solution (25mL) of above-mentioned intermediate 1 (18mmol, 4.05g).Reaction solution is cooled to room after being heated to reflux 24h Temperature, the precipitation of generation is filtered, filter cake is recrystallized again with methanol, obtains peony flat crystal (E)-[2 '-(4-N, N- bis- Methylaminophenyl) vinyl] -1,3,3- tri-methyl indole quinoline salt compounded of iodine 5.76g, yield 63%.
(E)-[2 '-(4-N, N- dimethylamino phenyl) vinyl] fusing point, the nuclear-magnetism of -1,3,3- tri-methyl indole quinoline salt compounded of iodine Hydrogen modal data, nuclear-magnetism carbon modal data, EI-MS mass spectrometric datas difference are as follows:
m.p.234.2--235.9℃;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ1.53(s,6H),3.00(s,6H),4.15(s, 3H), 6.87 (d, 2H, J=8.4Hz), 7.25 (d, 2H, J=8.8Hz), 7.52-7.69 (m, 5H), 7.73 (d, 1H, J= 16.4Hz), 7.81 (d, 1H, J=7.2Hz), 7.90 (d, 1H, J=7.2Hz), 8.14 (d, 1H, J=16.4Hz), 8.38 (d, 1H, J=7.6Hz);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ25.28,34.62,51.86,112.02,113.44,115.24, 122.82,125.88,127.21,128.25,129.01,129.42,130.46,130.77,131.64,132.81,141.75, 143.08,145.17,150.22,151.61,181.66;EI-MS (70eV) m/z (%) 382 (M++1-I-,46),366(100), 352(23),246(33),221(44),208(23),178(14),165(17),158(68),144(34),127(13),115 (11).
- [2 '-(4-N, N- dimethylamino phenyl) vinyl] (E) -1,3,3- tri-methyl indole quinoline salt compounded of iodine1H-NMR is composed Figure such as Figure 10,13C-NMR spectrograms such as Figure 11, EI-MS spectrograms such as Figure 12.
Embodiment 3:Measure of the aqueous solution middle probe to the cyanide ion response time
At room temperature, the manufacturing probe aqueous solution (20 μM) and cyaniding aqueous solutions of potassium are matched somebody with somebody in volumetric flask with deionized water respectively (10mM) each portion.Take the probe solution (3mL) to be placed in quartz colorimetric utensil, and cuvette be positioned in XRF, The standing wave long scan program of spectrometer is opened, it is strong with the fluorescence of sample under the sample frequency record 435nm of interval 0.06s once Degree.Above-mentioned potassium cyanide solution (18 μ L) is injected in cuvette rapidly with micro syringe, sample when then recording different time Fluorescent emission intensity under 435nm, experimental result are shown in Fig. 3.Experiment shows, when the cyanide ion aqueous solution, to be added to probe water-soluble In liquid after 20s, the fluorescence intensity of system no longer extends with further change with the time, illustrates the probe within 20s The response to cyanide ion can be completed.
Embodiment 4:Measure of the aqueous solution middle probe to cyanide ion detectable concentration
At room temperature, the manufacturing probe aqueous solution (1mM) and cyaniding aqueous solutions of potassium are matched somebody with somebody in volumetric flask with deionized water respectively (10mM) each portion.Take the probe solution (0.2mL) to be placed in several 10mL volumetric flasks respectively, be sequentially added into bottle Above-mentioned cyaniding aqueous solutions of potassium 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10,12,14,16,20,26,32,40,50,60,70,80,100,120, 140th, 160,180,200 μ L, 10mL is settled to deionized water.After the reaction solution in volumetric flask shakes up and places 1min, respectively Contain in quartz colorimetric utensil, the fluorescent emission intensity at 435nm is measured on XRF, as a result as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 (to clearly show that, CN is only provided in Fig. 4Concentration is 10,20,26,32,40,50,60,70 μM of ion concentration-fluorescence spectrum Figure).From Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, probe reaches 1 with cyanogen root dosage:During 3 equivalent proportion, the fluorescence intensity of system increases there is no obvious Add, illustrate that the probe at most only needs 3 equivalent cyanide ions to produce stable fluorescence response.
Embodiment 5:Measure of the aqueous solution middle probe to anion selectivity
At room temperature, the manufacturing probe aqueous solution (1mM) and cyaniding aqueous solutions of potassium are matched somebody with somebody in volumetric flask with deionized water respectively (10mM) each portion.Take the probe solution (0.2mL) to be placed in several 10mL volumetric flasks respectively, be separately added into bottle Na2CO3,K3PO4,KSCN,NaHS,Na2S,Na2SO4,NaHSO4,Na2S2O3,K2HPO4, KH2PO4,KF,NaCl,NaBr,KI, NaN3,NaNO2,KNO3,NaHCO3,NaOAc,NaHSO3,Na2SO3,NaClO4After the μ L of the aqueous solution (10mM) 200, deionized water is used It is settled to 10mL.After the reaction solution in volumetric flask shakes up and places 1min, contain respectively in quartz colorimetric utensil, in XRF Fluorescent emission intensity at upper measurement 435nm.
Take the probe solution (0.2mL) to be placed in several 10mL volumetric flasks respectively, Na is separately added into bottle2CO3, K3PO4,KSCN,NaHS,Na2S,Na2SO4,NaHSO4,Na2S2O3,K2HPO4, KH2PO4,KF,NaCl,NaBr,KI,NaN3, NaNO2,KNO3,NaHCO3,NaOAc,NaHSO3,Na2SO3、NaClO4After the μ L of the aqueous solution (10mM) 200, then add one by one above-mentioned The μ L of cyaniding aqueous solutions of potassium 60,10mL is settled to deionized water.After the reaction solution in volumetric flask shakes up and places 1min, contain respectively Enter in quartz colorimetric utensil, the fluorescent emission intensity at 435nm is measured on XRF.
Testing result is shown in Fig. 6.It will be appreciated from fig. 6 that except carbanion and phosphate anion can produce with probe effect Outside faint fluorescence, detection no any interference of other more than 20 kinds of common anion to probe.

Claims (9)

  1. A kind of 1. cyanide ion probe, it is characterised in that it is (E)-[2 ˊ-(4-N, N- dimethylamino phenyl) vinyl] -1,3, 3- tri-methyl indole quinoline salt compounded of iodine, its structural formula are as follows:
  2. A kind of 2. preparation method of the cyanide ion probe described in claim 1, it is characterised in that including:O-bromobenzaldehye is first Suzuki reactions first occur with 4- (N, N- dimethylamino) phenyl pinacols borate, then gained intermediate is again with 1,2,3,3- Witting reactions occur for tetramethyl indoline salt compounded of iodine;Finally give (E)-[2 ˊ-(4-N, N- dimethylamino phenyl) vinyl]- 1,3,3- tri-methyl indole quinoline salt compounded of iodine.
  3. 3. a kind of cyanide ion probe according to claim 1 is in the mechanism realization pair by state of aggregation Fluorescence effects Application in the detection of cyanide ion.
  4. 4. cyanide ion probe according to claim 3 is realized to cyanogen root by the mechanism of state of aggregation Fluorescence effects Application in the detection of ion, it is characterised in that detection of the probe to cyanide ion carries out colorimetric under the conditions of daylight bore hole and sentenced It is disconnected.
  5. 5. cyanide ion probe according to claim 3 is realized to cyanogen root by the mechanism of state of aggregation Fluorescence effects Application in the detection of ion, it is characterised in that detection of the probe to cyanide ion carries out fluorescence judgement under ultraviolet light.
  6. 6. cyanide ion probe according to claim 3 is realized to cyanogen root by the mechanism of state of aggregation Fluorescence effects Application in the detection of ion, it is characterised in that when probe produces stable fluorescence response to cyanide ion, in solution to be detected Cyanogen root and the mol ratio of probe are 3:1.
  7. 7. cyanide ion probe according to claim 3 is realized to cyanogen root by the mechanism of state of aggregation Fluorescence effects Application in the detection of ion, it is characterised in that the time that probe produces stable fluorescence response to cyanide ion is no more than 20s.
  8. 8. cyanide ion probe according to claim 3 is realized to cyanogen root by the mechanism of state of aggregation Fluorescence effects Application in the detection of ion, it is characterised in that probe is 55nM to the Monitoring lower-cut of cyanide ion concentration.
  9. 9. cyanide ion probe according to claim 3 is realized to cyanogen root by the mechanism of state of aggregation Fluorescence effects Application in the detection of ion, it is characterised in that probe detects in full aqueous medium to cyanide ion.
CN201610186488.0A 2016-03-28 2016-03-28 A kind of cyanide ion probe, preparation and application Expired - Fee Related CN105837492B (en)

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