CN105835332A - Method for preparing polymer material of gradient structure through melt extrusion method - Google Patents
Method for preparing polymer material of gradient structure through melt extrusion method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105835332A CN105835332A CN201610341412.0A CN201610341412A CN105835332A CN 105835332 A CN105835332 A CN 105835332A CN 201610341412 A CN201610341412 A CN 201610341412A CN 105835332 A CN105835332 A CN 105835332A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gradient
- extrusion
- polymeric material
- melting
- charge door
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
- B29C48/286—Raw material dosing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08L23/12—Polypropene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L77/02—Polyamides derived from omega-amino carboxylic acids or from lactams thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a polymer material of a gradient structure through a melt extrusion method. The method includes the following steps: a technical route including graded feeding, melt extrusion and forming is adopted, wherein graded feeding includes the substeps that a branch feed inlet is designed to be added on a feeding section, principal component polymers are fed in from a main feed inlet, auxiliary component materials are fed in from the branch feed inlet, and the auxiliary component materials are added into a double-screw extruder at a certain time interval by a certain addition amount. By means of the method, discontinuous changes and preparation complexity of the polymer functional gradient material can be avoided. The method is simple in process, equipment that is used is conventional equipment, and realization of industrial production is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to processing of high molecular material technical field, particularly relate to a kind of method that extrusion by melting prepares gradient-structure polymeric material.
Background technology
The composite of homogenizing is the research emphasis of material science in the past few decades, and it has played important function in every field, but overall structure and performance do not change with locus, limits its application in some field.According to heterogeneous composite material, such as metal matrix ceramic composite coating material, coefficient of thermal expansion and the bigger difference of thermal stress due to each phase, it is easy to occur disbonding phenomenon at phase boundary, its key reason is that substrate and painting interlayer there are the interface of a physical property sudden change.For solving this problem, replace abrupt interface to eliminate the sudden change of physical property with continually varying composition gradient, thermal stress can be made to be down to minimum.FGM proposes just under this background condition.Called function functionally gradient material (FGM) is according to requirements, in the preparation process of material, select the material that two or more character is different, it is continuous print graded by using different conventional complex technique to control the microscopic of material internal at certain specific direction, so that material macro property is also a kind of non-homogeneous composite material of continuous gradient change in same direction.There is the performance of its uniqueness just because of FGM, some deficiency of traditional material can be overcome, become a focus in material science research.
The FGM that more can press close to working environment has common homogeneous material or meets the more unexistent properties of material, show the strongest superiority and irreplaceability, therefore FGM is developed rapidly in recent years, but these work are mostly focused on the inorganic functional functionally gradient material (FGM) fields such as metal/ceramic, and study polymers function functionally gradient material (FGM) also in the starting stage.Macromolecular material as with one of metal, pottery three big materials arranged side by side, play the most important effect in society with in living.In functionally gradient material (FGM) and today of macromolecular material fast development, it is significantly that polymeric material field carries out the research of functionally gradient material (FGM).
Polymer gradient functional material was substantially in nanometer or micron-sized yardstick in the past, such as, be prepared for nano level gradient macromolecule membrane with solution diffused polymerization.But this preparation method and condition control the most considerably complicated, performance difficulty, and do not utilize existing polymer-processing equipment to carry out the preparation of large-scale component.
The Wen Bianying of Beijing University of Chemical Technology etc. use fraction dispensing, the feed way of classification charging, are prepared for blending type cylindrical shape PP/ABS and PP/PA6 functionally gradient material (FGM).But in conjunction with its preparation principle it can be seen that the gradient on drum diameter direction is not continuous and even variation, however it remains certain composition sudden change；And owing to often preparing a functionally gradient material (FGM) sample, sample-adding must be re-started, thus functionally gradient polymer can not be prepared continuously.
The Fu Qiangs of Sichuan University etc. provide a kind of polymer gradient functional material and prepare shaped device continuously, and including two extruders, two extruders is connected with transition body through two connectors respectively.But this method needs to use two extruders.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of method that extrusion by melting prepares gradient-structure polymeric material, and in the present invention, feed way design high efficiency smart, can prepare continuously and have gradient composition polymeric material.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem by following technical proposals: a kind of extrusion by melting prepares the method for gradient-structure polymeric material, it is characterized in that, it comprises the following steps: use classification to feed-melt extrude-technology path of molding, wherein, classification charging refers to increase a point of charge door in feeding section design, major constituent polymer feeds from main charge door, and auxiliary component material is from a point charge door charging, by design program, auxiliary component material is joined in double screw extruder every certain time interval increments.
Preferably, described point of charge door has only to regulate charging rate to control the inlet amount of helper component.
Preferably, described major constituent polymer is primarily referred to as thermoplastic polymer such as polyolefin, engineering plastics and polyester.
Preferably, described auxiliary component material is primarily referred to as function additive, such as nucleator, fire retardant etc..
Preferably, described function additive is nucleator or fire retardant, and nucleator is primarily directed to polypropylene, and fire retardant is for engineering plastics and polyester.
Preferably, described major constituent polymer is polypropylene, nylon resin and polyethylene terephthalate.
Preferably, described design program refers to mainly be realized the preparation of Gradient Materials by regulation feed rate.
Preferably, described double screw extruder is the extruder that draw ratio is more than 40.
The most progressive effect of the present invention is:
One, the present invention is to melt extrude the lower polymeric material preparing continuous gradient distribution, realized by design feeding section, significantly simplify the method preparing gradient function polymeric material, thus in the method for the invention, two component polymer are respectively from two charge door chargings, and major constituent remains a constant speed charging from main charge door, helper component uses from point charge door and increases continuously material charging such that it is able to avoid discontinuous change and the preparation complexity of polymers function functionally gradient material (FGM).
Two, the technique of the method for the invention is simple, and device therefor is conventional equipment, it is simple to realize industrialized production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation preparing shaped device continuously of polymer gradient functional material in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Provide present pre-ferred embodiments below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to describe technical scheme in detail.
Extrusion by melting of the present invention is prepared the method for gradient-structure polymeric material and is comprised the following steps: use classification to feed-melt extrude-technology path of molding, wherein, classification charging refers to increase a point of charge door in feeding section 5 design, major constituent polymer feeds from main charge door 2, and auxiliary component material feeds from a point charge door 3 so that auxiliary component material joins in double screw extruder 1 every certain time interval (time range: 2s-30s) increments.
Each section of temperature of screw extruder, the slightly above fusing point of major constituent polymeric material are set, when each temperature section temperature reaches set value, start to add major constituent polymeric material from main charge door, melt extrude, calculate polymer charge amount.After head 4 starts discharging, calculating auxiliary component promoter addition, add auxiliary component promoter material at auxiliary charge door, interval certain time interval (3s-20s) increases feed rate, blended through melt extruding with major constituent polymeric material.By reel, the blend composition at head is wound molding, and thickness is controlled by winding speed, thus obtains the gradient function polymeric material of continuous gradient change.
Described major constituent polymer is primarily referred to as thermoplastic polymer such as polyolefin, engineering plastics and polyester.Described auxiliary component material is primarily referred to as function additive, such as nucleator, fire retardant etc..Described major constituent polymer is preferably polypropylene, nylon resin and polyethylene terephthalate.Described nucleator is primarily directed to polypropylene, and fire retardant is for engineering plastics and polyester.The effect of nucleator mainly improves polyacrylic degree of crystallinity, the effect of refinement spherocrystal, can be prepared the function polypropylene material of continuous crystallisation degree change by this technique.The effect of fire retardant is primarily referred to as improving the performances such as the flame resistance of polymer, heat stability.
Described design program refers to mainly be realized the preparation of Gradient Materials by regulation feed rate.Described double screw extruder is the extruder that draw ratio is more than 40.The benefit selecting the double screw extruder that draw ratio is bigger is so that the blended effect of material is more preferable, and the boundary between gradient-structure is fuzzyyer, and structure change is continuous, additionally, the material under a certain gradient-structure of sheet material of institute's coiling and molding is wider.
Embodiment one
The step of the polymeric material that preparation has continuous crystallisation gradient-structure is as follows:
With polypropylene (PP) and nucleator as raw material, dispensing is carried out from 0.01 ~ 0.2% increase according to the addition of nucleator, PP is at the uniform velocity fed from main charge door, calculate PP feeding quantity, then calculate nucleator addition, regulate and control charging rate, add nucleator from auxiliary charge door, nucleator is blended and extrusion molding with PP melt (PP melt is extrusion gained under melt temperature) with continually varying amount, obtains the PP material with continuous crystallisation gradient-structure.
Embodiment two
The step of the polymeric material that preparation has continuous fire-retardant gradient-structure is as follows:
With engineering plastic nylon (PA6) and fire retardant as raw material, owing to fire retardant addition is bigger, and powder easily disperses inequality under bigger addition, PA6 and fire retardant is the most first made to extrude master batch with certain proportioning (30%-50%) by extrusion by melting (melt extruding at 230-250 DEG C), feed from main charge door with PA6 again, flame-proof PA 6 master batch, from the charging of point charge door, eventually passes molding, thus is uniformly dispersed and has the flame-proof PA 6 material of continuous fire-retardant gradient-structure.
Pass through technical scheme, it is possible to realize the continuous preparation of the polymer gradient component material of various structures form.Device have rational in infrastructure, efficiency is high and continuously shaped product structure is stable, effective advantage, there are bigger promotion and application and be worth.
Particular embodiments described above; solve the technical problem that the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; it is it should be understood that; the foregoing is only the specific embodiment of the present invention; it is not limited to the present invention; all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. done, should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the method that an extrusion by melting prepares gradient-structure polymeric material, it is characterized in that, it comprises the following steps: use classification to feed-melt extrude-technology path of molding, wherein, classification charging refers to increase a point of charge door in feeding section design, major constituent polymer feeds from main charge door, and auxiliary component material is from a point charge door charging, by design program, auxiliary component material is joined in double screw extruder every certain time interval increments.
2. the method that extrusion by melting as claimed in claim 1 prepares gradient-structure polymeric material, it is characterised in that described point of charge door has only to regulate charging rate to control the inlet amount of helper component.
3. the method that extrusion by melting as claimed in claim 1 prepares gradient-structure polymeric material, it is characterised in that described major constituent polymer is primarily referred to as thermoplastic polymer such as polyolefin, engineering plastics and polyester.
4. the method that extrusion by melting as claimed in claim 1 prepares gradient-structure polymeric material, it is characterised in that described auxiliary component material is primarily referred to as function additive.
5. the method that extrusion by melting as claimed in claim 4 prepares gradient-structure polymeric material, it is characterised in that described function additive is nucleator or fire retardant, and nucleator is primarily directed to polypropylene, and fire retardant is for engineering plastics and polyester.
6. the method that extrusion by melting as claimed in claim 1 prepares gradient-structure polymeric material, it is characterised in that described major constituent polymer is polypropylene, nylon resin and polyethylene terephthalate.
7. the method that extrusion by melting as claimed in claim 1 prepares gradient-structure polymeric material, it is characterised in that described design program refers to mainly be realized the preparation of Gradient Materials by regulation feed rate.
8. the method that extrusion by melting as claimed in claim 1 prepares gradient-structure polymeric material, it is characterised in that described double screw extruder is the extruder that draw ratio is more than 40.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610341412.0A CN105835332A (en) | 2016-05-23 | 2016-05-23 | Method for preparing polymer material of gradient structure through melt extrusion method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610341412.0A CN105835332A (en) | 2016-05-23 | 2016-05-23 | Method for preparing polymer material of gradient structure through melt extrusion method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105835332A true CN105835332A (en) | 2016-08-10 |
Family
ID=56593906
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610341412.0A Pending CN105835332A (en) | 2016-05-23 | 2016-05-23 | Method for preparing polymer material of gradient structure through melt extrusion method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105835332A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107513217A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-26 | 四川大学 | A kind of polypropylene-base polymer gradient functional material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115503203A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2022-12-23 | 四川大学 | Method for screening fully-degradable intravascular stent material based on material genome method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5332308A (en) * | 1991-10-30 | 1994-07-26 | Werner & Pfleiderer Gmbh | Process and apparatus for production of plastics containing additives |
| JPH10286822A (en) * | 1997-04-17 | 1998-10-27 | Miyama Kasei Kk | Method and apparatus for kneading thermoplastic material |
| US7632433B1 (en) * | 2004-03-23 | 2009-12-15 | Frederick Mitchell Gallant | Process for making gradient materials |
| CN101618595A (en) * | 2009-07-20 | 2010-01-06 | 河南理工大学 | Co-extrusion preparation method of polymer functionally gradient materials (FGM) and products |
| CN103496149A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-01-08 | 四川大学 | Continuous preparing forming device of polymer functional gradient materials |
-
2016
- 2016-05-23 CN CN201610341412.0A patent/CN105835332A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5332308A (en) * | 1991-10-30 | 1994-07-26 | Werner & Pfleiderer Gmbh | Process and apparatus for production of plastics containing additives |
| JPH10286822A (en) * | 1997-04-17 | 1998-10-27 | Miyama Kasei Kk | Method and apparatus for kneading thermoplastic material |
| US7632433B1 (en) * | 2004-03-23 | 2009-12-15 | Frederick Mitchell Gallant | Process for making gradient materials |
| CN101618595A (en) * | 2009-07-20 | 2010-01-06 | 河南理工大学 | Co-extrusion preparation method of polymer functionally gradient materials (FGM) and products |
| CN103496149A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-01-08 | 四川大学 | Continuous preparing forming device of polymer functional gradient materials |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 温变英: "聚合物梯度材料的制备及材料结构与性能研究", 《中国学位论文全文数据库》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107513217A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-26 | 四川大学 | A kind of polypropylene-base polymer gradient functional material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115503203A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2022-12-23 | 四川大学 | Method for screening fully-degradable intravascular stent material based on material genome method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103924324B (en) | The manufacture method of skin-core structure major diameter composite monofilament | |
| CN105644074A (en) | High strength wood-plastic coated coextruded composite material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103481393A (en) | Polymer material with continuously-alternating layer structure and preparation method for same | |
| CN104072881A (en) | Thermoplastic micro-foaming damping material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102529056B (en) | Preparation method for high melt strength poly lactic acid, and extruder thereof | |
| CN104669636B (en) | A kind of preparation method of assorted fibre RPP high strength composite | |
| CN109575557B (en) | PC/ABS mixture for three-dimensional printing, preparation method thereof and direct printing method | |
| CN102167877B (en) | Chain-extended regenerated polypropylene material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108219287A (en) | A kind of low warpage high-impact long fibre enhanced polypropylene composite material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103030891A (en) | Long glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene composite material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103991222A (en) | LFT-D (Long Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Direct) forming process of composite building template | |
| CN107814996A (en) | A kind of preparation method of crosslinkable polyethylene modified materials | |
| CN109354703A (en) | A kind of class graphene composite material preparation method in-situ inserted based on polymer graphite | |
| CN103183871A (en) | Polypropylene based resin composition for leather release paper, and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN101914247B (en) | Device and method for continuously forming thermoplastic plastic foaming thick plate | |
| CN105835332A (en) | Method for preparing polymer material of gradient structure through melt extrusion method | |
| CN104119634A (en) | Weather-proof ABS / PA6 material for flame retardation extrusion technology and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103772880A (en) | ABS/PET material for extrusion process and preparation method of ABS/PET material | |
| CN104356585A (en) | High-performance continuous carbon fiber reinforced ABS composite material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103878897B (en) | A kind of method of preparing polymer blending material | |
| CN108099157A (en) | A kind of series circulation flow model plastic extruder | |
| CN103772883A (en) | ABS/PBT material used by extrusion process and preparation method for ABS/PBT material | |
| CN107793739A (en) | A kind of long glass fiber reinforced polyketone material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104910615B (en) | A kind of high-strength nylon/glass fiber composite material and its manufacturing equipment and manufacture method | |
| CN104194123A (en) | Polyacrylonitrile fiber/high-density polyethylene composite material and preparation method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20160810 |
|
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |