CN105832331B - Non-contact cerebral hemorrhage detection device and its detection method based on broadband antenna technology - Google Patents
Non-contact cerebral hemorrhage detection device and its detection method based on broadband antenna technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of non-contact cerebral hemorrhage detection device and its detection method based on broadband antenna technology, detection device includes signal generating unit, transmitting antenna and receiving antenna, signal acquisition unit and signal processing display unit.Signal generating unit generates pumping signal and pumping signal directional transmissions, signal are penetrated brain tissue by reference signal, transmitting antenna, takes away cerebral hemorrhage Pathological Information, is then received antenna trapping；Signal acquisition unit detects reference signal and receives signal, is converted to digital signal by A/D converter；Signal processing display unit carries out than width and phase demodulation two paths of signals.The variation of the relative dielectric constant of the detection method detection intracranial tissue of apparatus of the present invention obtains transmitting signal by signal processing unit and receives the transmission coefficient between signal so that the transmission coefficient of signal changes.Present invention employs broadband technology, system operating band 1.2GHz~2.1GHz improves detection sensitivity and stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biomedical technical field of medical equipment, and in particular to a kind of non-based on broadband antenna technology connects
Touch cerebral hemorrhage detection device and its detection method.
Background technique
The reason of cerebral hemorrhage refers to bleeding caused by angiorrhoxis in non-traumatic cerebral essence, generation and hyperlipidemia, glycosuria
Disease, hypertension, the aging of blood vessel and smoking etc. are closely related.The World Health Organization is studies have shown that China's incidence of stroke
Just being risen with every year about 9% rate, midbrain hemorrhage accounts for the 20%~30% of whole cerebral apoplexies, and hair patient month 30% is dead,
There are the sequelae such as different degrees of dyskinesia, cognitive disorder, speech aphetite disorder for majority in 70% survivor.Cerebral hemorrhage
If obtained medical treatment in early days, development, the progress of disease of disease can be effectively prevented, and be significantly reduced the sequelae of apoplexy.Treatment
More timely, body and the state of an illness to patient restore better.Therefore the severity and evaluation in time of cerebral hemorrhage are guarded in real time
The development process of cerebral hemorrhage is the key that Intensive Care Therapy and rescue success or failure.
There are ICP (intracranial pressure) measurement presumption method and CT or MRI image using more cerebral hemorrhage inspection method at present
Method.ICP detection method needs for pressure sensor to be put into encephalic, generates damage, easy infection, and can not estimate the liter of intracranial pressure
Height is cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral ischemia or brain edema.CT and MRI image method, there are inspection hysteresis qualitys, can not cope with the urgency of early stage
Property cerebral hemorrhage, therefore patient usually misses the Best Times for the treatment of and causes serious cerebral injury even dead, and exists and check
Price is more expensive, can not implement by bed and the problems such as first aid scene is guarded, so currently effective continuous bed can be carried out by being badly in need of one kind
Side monitoring, non-contact, the cerebral hemorrhage detection method of hurtless measure.
Just have the characteristics that miniaturization, non-contact and hurtless measure in developing magnetic induction phase shift (MIPS) mensuration, is
Detect the preferable method of cerebral hemorrhage.But due near 10MHz frequency, conductivity very little (0.1s/m~2s/ of biological tissue
M), therefore very weak by the vortex of external magnetic field generation, the secondary magnetic field for being vortexed generation is also very weak, causes magnetic induction measurement clever
Sensitivity is low, stability is poor, and is easy by interference such as external magnetic field, environment temperature, extraneous volume conductor couplings.And this method is logical
Frequently with single frequency point as detection foundation, by the interference of random signal, error is larger, detection system sensitivity and stabilization
Property beats the severity for being difficult effectively to distinguish cerebral hemorrhage less than clinical demand.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in sensitivity when magnetic induction phase shift (MIPS) method being overcome to measure cerebral hemorrhage
It is low, stability is poor, and be easy the shortcomings that being influenced by external magnetic field, and propose a kind of based on the non-contacting of broadband antenna technology
Cerebral hemorrhage detection device and its detection method.
A kind of non-contacting cerebral hemorrhage detection device based on broadband antenna technology includes signal generating unit, transmitting antenna
With receiving antenna, signal acquisition unit and signal processing display unit.
The signal generating unit is frequency microwave signal source, and amplitude, frequency and phase are adjustable.Signal generating unit produces
Raw pumping signal and reference signal, are transferred to transmitting antenna and signal acquisition unit respectively.In actual work, the signal occurs
Unit output power is certain, frequency range is 0~3GHz, with the sine-wave excitation of frequency sweep mode operation, frequency continuity variation
Signal.
The transmitting antenna is consistent with receiving antenna structure, and transmitting antenna is to aim at apparatus of the present invention to set with receiving antenna
Meter.Considered when designing the antenna based on following thinking: aerial radiation wave beam should cover entire head, and extraneous dry to avoid
Disturb, aerial radiation direction be it is unidirectional, 60 degree of beam angle are advisable；Antenna should have wider working band, for entire detection
System provides support using broadband technology；The area of antenna should be small as far as possible, is readily integrated in entire detection system.Synthesis is examined
Consider above-mentioned factor, by emulation and experiment, final choice antenna form is the microstrip antenna of side ground connection, antenna entirety length, width and height
Having a size of 49mm ╳ 24mm ╳ 14mm, radiating layer and ground plane are made of lithographic printing plate, and thickness is respectively 2mm, radiating layer
It is filled between ground plane using high-density foam, thickness 10mm, radiating layer size 37mm ╳ 16mm, radiating layer is wherein one wide
With the wide flush arrangement of antenna entirety.Ground plane dimensions 49mm ╳ 24mm, side are grounded wall and use self-adhesive copper foil, are arranged in institute
State the side where radiation slice width is flushed with the width of antenna entirety.The middle part of antenna entirety is arranged in feeding point, penetrate ground plane,
High-density foam and radiating layer.The area for reducing antenna using short-circuit wall grounding technology, enables antenna preferably to integrate
In system, while the bandwidth that super thick dielectric layer increases antenna is used, improves the sensitivity and stability of detection.
The signal acquisition unit includes mixing receiver and A/D converter, and mixing receiver reception is occurred by signal
Then the reference signal of unit output and the detection signal of receiving antenna output are converted to after signal progress down coversion by A/D
Device becomes digital signal, is sent to signal processing display unit.
The signal processing display unit is the general purpose computer that an inside has special-purpose software, including signal processing list
Member and signal display unit, signal processing unit step by step, transmit signal acquisition unit for the computer with software
Both reference signal and detection signal processing, the special-purpose software for taking VB to write carry out amplitude discrimination and phase demodulation to two groups of signals, obtain
Amplitude difference and phase difference compare transmission before and after cerebral hemorrhage to obtain the transmission coefficient of the transmitting antenna and receiving antenna
The variation of coefficient can monitor the severity of cerebral hemorrhage, finally be transmitted to and be shown to signal display unit.
Two channels of the signal generating unit pass through the logical of transmission line and transmitting antenna and signal acquisition unit respectively
Road connection, receiving antenna are connected to another channel of signal acquisition unit by transmission line.The signal acquisition unit passes through biography
Defeated line is connect with signal processing display unit.All transmission lines are all made of radio frequency coaxial-cable.
Further, the working band of detection device determines in this way, after system and device connects, two groups of antenna transmission systems
Number is greater than 1.2~2.0GHz of frequency separation of -30dB.In this broadband, the working frequency points number for detecting cerebral hemorrhage is more,
Frequency point spacing is reasonable, and the correlation between each frequency point testing result is smaller, therefore the detection stability of system can be improved.
A kind of detection method of non-contact cerebral hemorrhage detection device based on broadband antenna technology, specific implementation step
It is as follows:
1) tested head is placed between transmitting antenna and receiving antenna, adjusts aerial position and distance, makes head position
In on center of antenna line.Signal generator generates pumping signal and reference signal, is transferred to transmitting antenna respectively and adopts with signal
Collect unit, receiving antenna is connected to another channel of signal acquisition unit, and all transmission lines are all made of radio frequency coaxial-cable.
2) signal generating unit output power is certain, frequency range is 0~3GHz, continuous with frequency sweep mode operation, frequency
The sine wave exciting signal of linear change.And by wideband electromagnetic signal directional transmissions, electromagnetic wave passes through entire brain area, then
It is received antenna trapping.Electromagnetic wave propagation is influenced by intracranial tissue dielectric constant and conductivity, and the dielectric of blood is normal
For several and conductivity different from normal cerebral tissue, therefore before and after cerebral hemorrhage, the amplitude and phase of electromagnetic wave propagation will generate variation,
By broadband antenna technology, the variation of amplitude and phase can be observed in wider working band.
3) the mixing receiver of signal acquisition unit receives the reference signal exported by swept signal source and receiving antenna is defeated
Detection signal out, is sent to signal processing unit after A/D converter is converted and is handled.
4) reference signal and receiving antenna that signal processing unit processes are transmitted by the signal acquisition unit are transmitted
Both the detection signal to come over carries out amplitude discrimination and phase demodulation to reference signal and detection signal in entire working band, obtain
Amplitude difference and phase difference pass to obtain the transmission coefficient of the transmitting antenna and receiving antenna by comparing before and after cerebral hemorrhage
The variation of defeated coefficient can monitor the severity of cerebral hemorrhage.
With the variation of cerebral hemorrhage amount, the amplitude of transmission coefficient can change with phase, and amplitude and phase change
It is related to individual to be worth size, therefore does not compare the variable quantity of amplitude or phase individually, but using transmission coefficient Euclidean distance come
The variation for reflecting cerebral hemorrhage amount, takes full advantage of the amplitude information and phase information of vector signal, specific formula such as formula 1:
In formula,For transmission coefficient Euclidean distance before and after bleeding,For the vector value of transmission coefficient after bleeding,To go out
The vector value of transmission coefficient before blood,For the range value of transmission coefficient after bleeding,For the range value of transmission coefficient before bleeding,
θaFor the phase value of transmission coefficient after bleeding, θbFor the phase value of transmission coefficient before bleeding.
5) obtained result is carried out real-time display by display unit, judges cerebral hemorrhage by the variable quantity of Euclidean distance
Severity and development and change.
Contactless cerebral hemorrhage detection method proposed by the present invention based on broadband antenna technology, main Jie according to blood
Electric constant is different from conductivity with normal cerebral tissue, the transmission of electromagnetic wave is influenced by electromagnetic induction, so that the system day
Line transmission coefficient changes, and the variation of cerebral hemorrhage is detected according to the changing value of transmission coefficient.
The advantage of the invention is that two aspects: first is that broadband technology is used, system operating frequency 1.2GHz~
2.0GHz, sampling interval 5MHz, there is 261 frequency points in working frequency, and the identification of final cerebral hemorrhage severity is exactly based on
The configured transmission synthesis of 261 frequency points show that the use of broadband technology avoids the single frequency of magnetic induction phase shift (MIPS) mensuration
Point random error is big, optimum measurement frequency is difficult to determining disadvantage；Second is that using vector authentication technique, examined by configured transmission
It surveys during cerebral hemorrhage, the comprehensive amplitude and phase for using configured transmission is reduced by calculating the Euclidean distance of transmission coefficient
Cerebral hemorrhage individual difference bring influences, and useful information has preferably been excavated from test parameter.Therefore the present invention can be compared with
Contactless cerebral hemorrhage detection device sensitivity and stability are improved well.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the non-contact cerebral hemorrhage detection device provided by the invention based on broadband antenna technology；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram for the vector value Euclidean distance calculation method that the present invention uses；
Fig. 3 is the microstrip antenna structure schematic diagram provided by the present invention for emitting with receiving cerebral hemorrhage detectable signal；
Fig. 4 is effective working band schematic diagram of cerebral hemorrhage detection device；
Fig. 5 is the broadband range for the wherein rabbit that detection Cerebral Hemorrhage of Rabbit experiment provided in an embodiment of the present invention obtains
Interior transmission coefficient Euclidean specifically with amount of bleeding relation curve schematic diagram,
In figure: 1 is signal generating unit, and 2-1 is transmitting antenna, and 2-2 is receiving antenna, and 3 be signal acquisition unit, 3-1
To be mixed receiver, 3-2 is A/D converter, and 4 be signal processing display unit, and 4-1 is signal processing unit, and 4-2 is aobvious for signal
Show unit.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, but should not be construed the above-mentioned theme of the present invention
Range is only limitted to following embodiments.Without departing from the idea case in the present invention described above, known according to ordinary skill
Knowledge and customary means, make various replacements and change, should all include within the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment discloses a kind of non-contact cerebral hemorrhage detection device based on broadband antenna technology, including list occurs for signal
Member 1, transmitting antenna 2-1 and receiving antenna 2-2, signal acquisition unit 3 and signal processing display unit 4 form.
Specific apparatus structure and the preferably following model of details the present embodiment: the signal generating unit 1 is vector signal
Generator, using commercially available AV1441 signal source, which has emission signal frequency range wide, frequency resolution and precision
The advantages such as height and phase noise are low are able to achieve linear frequency sweep output, while energy constant amplitude is the same as mutually output reference signal, Neng Gouman
The demand of sufficient present apparatus system.
The transmitting antenna 2-1 and receiving antenna 2-2 is to aim at the Design of Test System.Based on following when designing the antenna
Thinking considers: aerial radiation wave beam should cover entire head, and to avoid external interference, aerial radiation direction is unidirectional, wave
60 degree of beam width are advisable；Antenna should have wider working band, provide support using broadband technology for entire detection system；
The area of antenna should be small as far as possible, is readily integrated in entire detection system.Above-mentioned factor is comprehensively considered, by emulation and in fact
Test, final choice antenna form is the microstrip antenna of side ground connection, antenna entirety length, width and height having a size of 49mm ╳ 24mm ╳ 14mm,
Radiating layer and ground plane are made of lithographic printing plate, and thickness is respectively 2mm, are steeped between radiating layer and ground plane using high density
Foam filling, thickness 10mm, radiating layer size 37mm ╳ 16mm, the radiating layer wherein one wide wide flush arrangement with antenna entirety.
Ground plane dimensions 49mm ╳ 24mm, side are grounded wall and use self-adhesive copper foil, and the radiation slice width and antenna entirety is arranged in
Width flushes the side at place.The middle part of antenna entirety is arranged in feeding point, penetrates ground plane, high-density foam and radiating layer.
Microstrip antenna structure schematic diagram reduces the area of antenna using short-circuit wall grounding technology referring specifically to Fig. 3, enable antenna compared with
Good is integrated in system, while using the bandwidth that super thick dielectric layer increases antenna, improves the sensitivity and stabilization of detection
Property.
Data collector of the signal acquisition unit 3 using commercially available model Agilent34970A, collector acquisition
Rate is fast, and acquisition precision is high, can acquire the vector signal in two channels simultaneously, and scalability is strong, is suitable for apparatus of the present invention
Use.
The signal processing display unit 4 includes signal processing unit 4-1 and signal display unit 4-2.Signal processing list
First 4-1 main frame is the vector signal calculation procedure based on VB language, and reference signal and detection signal pass through data collector
After become two-way Serial No., in software carry out FFT operation, obtain the amplitude and phase of signal, then believe two-way vector
Number carry out difference operation just obtain transmission coefficient, then using the transmission coefficient of 0ml amount of bleeding as a reference value, respectively use 1ml,
The transmission coefficient of 2ml and 3ml and the transmission coefficient of 0ml do vector difference, obtain the Europe of transmission coefficient under the conditions of different amounts of bleeding
Formula distance, last signal display unit 4-1 show it in real time.
Two channels of the signal generating unit 4-1 pass through transmission line and transmitting antenna 2-1 and signal acquisition list respectively
The channel connection of member 3, receiving antenna 2-2 are connected to another channel of signal acquisition unit 3 by transmission line.The signal acquisition
Unit 3 is connect by transmission line with signal processing display unit 4.All transmission lines are all made of radio frequency coaxial-cable.
Embodiment 2:
Steps are as follows for the detection method of the contactless cerebral hemorrhage detection device based on antenna technology of the embodiment of the present invention:
1) opening detecting device carries out preheating 30 minutes, and tested head is placed on transmitting antenna 2-1 and receiving antenna 2-2
Line center, vector signal source are connected to transmitting antenna 2-1 and reference signal collection terminal, and all lines are all made of radio frequency
Coaxial cable.
2) setting vector signal source output power be 0dBm, frequency range 0-3000MHz, with linear frequency sweep mode output
Sine wave exciting signal.Reference signal is directly entered signal acquisition unit 3, and pumping signal is passed through transmitting antenna 2-1, head, connect
Enter signal acquisition unit 3 after receiving antenna 2-2, variation and the encephalic cerebral hemorrhage of amplitude and phase of the pumping signal in head are made
At cranium brain overall dielectric constant and the variation of conductivity it is closely related, with cerebral hemorrhage severity increase, tissue water content
Increase, encephalic overall dielectric constant and conductivity increase, and the amplitude and phase change of the detection signal measured increase.
3) the mixing channel receiver 3-1 1 of signal acquisition unit 3 acquires the reference signal of vector signal source output, channel 2
The detection signal of receiving antenna 2-2 output is acquired, collected signal passes through A/D converter 3-2, is converted to vectored digital signal
And it is transmitted to signal processing unit 4-1, next step analysis processing is carried out to data；
4) signal processing unit 4-1 carries out the vector that two paths of signals is obtained than width and phase demodulation to two-way vectored digital signal
Difference, that is, transmission coefficient.In different amounts of bleeding, respectively with the biography of transmission coefficient and 0ml cerebral hemorrhage amount in this case
Defeated coefficient does vector difference, obtains the Euclidean distance of transmission coefficient in the case of different amounts of bleeding, and calculates the modulus value of Euclidean distance,
It exports to signal display unit 4-2 and carries out real-time display.
5) modulus value for the Euclidean distance that signal display unit 4-2 real-time display changes with extent of hemorrhage.Test midbrain hemorrhage
Effective working band of detection device is referring specifically to Fig. 4.
Embodiment 3:
Cerebral hemorrhage detection is incuded to the non-contact electromagnetic of the invention based on broadband antenna technology by following zoopery
Method has carried out further verifying and effect explanation:
1, purchase new zealand white rabbit 12, weight 2.1-2.5Kg are chosen.
2, autologous transplantation in rabbits blood injection cerebral hemorrhage mold is established.Rabbit anesthesia is using 25% urethanes by 5ml/kg's
The injection of dosage auricular vein.Self blood is derived from rabbit femoral vein, and a little sodium heparin anticoagulant is added.Injection position: with rabbit brain
" cross crotch " crosspoint is basic point, and along coronal suture, 6mm is opened on side to the right, then 1mm is to puncture entry point to parallel sagittal suture backward, deep
Spend 13mm.1ml is at the uniform velocity injected according to 1ml/ speed per minute using micro-injection pump, injects, is adopted after having infused every time in three times
Phasor difference signal modulus value caused by amount of bleeding is measured with this system.
3, Fig. 4 is the range value signal for detecting the wherein transmission coefficient of a rabbit that 12 Cerebral Hemorrhage of Rabbit experiments obtain
Figure.As can be seen that transmission coefficient is greater than frequency range 1.2GHz~2.0GHz of -30dB, passes through rabbit brain in this frequency range and connect
The pumping signal energy for receiving antenna acquisition is relatively large, therefore the data of this frequency range is used to be differentiated and analyzed.
4, Fig. 5 is the Euclidean distance vector difference signal for detecting the wherein rabbit that 12 Cerebral Hemorrhage of Rabbit experiments obtain
Figure.Euclidean distance vector difference calculation method is respectively with the transmission coefficient of 1ml, 2ml and 3ml cerebral hemorrhage amount and 0ml cerebral hemorrhage
The transmission coefficient of amount does vector difference.It should be apparent that the situation of change of different cerebral hemorrhage amount Euclidean distance vector differences,
The average vector difference of every 1ml cerebral hemorrhage amount has reached about 5dB, and MIPS method is used to measure 1ml cerebral hemorrhage amount phase difference one
As be not achieved 5 °, and usually single frequency point measured value, random error are larger.
It can be seen that the remolding sensitivity using the electromagnetic induction cerebral hemorrhage detection method based on broadband antenna technology uses
MIPS detection method improves an order of magnitude, and improves the reliability of system.Due to experimental implementation complexity, every rabbit
Surgical procedure can not be accomplished completely the same, therefore the variable quantity of every rabbit has some difference, but general trend is constant.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of non-contact cerebral hemorrhage detection device based on broadband antenna technology, it is characterised in that: including signal generating unit
(1), transmitting antenna (2-1) and receiving antenna (2-2), signal acquisition unit (3) and signal processing display unit (4)；
The signal generating unit (1) is frequency microwave signal source, and amplitude, frequency and phase are adjustable；Signal generating unit (1)
It is run with frequency sweep mode, the sine-wave excitation letter that output power is certain, frequency range is 0~3GHz and frequency continuity changes
Number and reference signal, divide two-way to be transferred to transmitting antenna (2-1) and signal acquisition unit (3) respectively；
The transmitting antenna (2-1) is consistent with receiving antenna (2-2) structure, and antenna form is the microstrip antenna of side ground connection,
Radiating layer and ground plane are made of lithographic printing version, are filled between radiating layer and ground plane using high-density foam, side connects
Ground wall is self-adhesive copper foil, there is the feeding point for penetrating ground plane, high-density foam and radiating layer in the middle part of antenna entirety；
It is head between the transmitting antenna (2-1) and receiving antenna (2-2), issues electromagnetic wave signal from transmitting antenna (2-1) and pass through
Become detection signal after entire brain area and is received antenna (2-2) capture；
The signal acquisition unit (3) is made of mixing receiver (3-1) and A/D converter (3-2), the mixing receiver
(3-1) receives the detection signal of the reference signal and receiving antenna (2-2) output that are exported by signal generating unit (1), then right
Digital signal is become by A/D converter (3-2) after signal progress down coversion, is sent to signal processing display unit (4)；
Special-purpose software is had inside the signal processing display unit (4), it is single comprising signal processing unit (4-1) and signal display
First (4-2)；The signal processing unit (4-1) is mounted with special signal processing software, transmits to signal acquisition unit
Reference signal and detection signal carry out amplitude discrimination and phase demodulation；The signal display unit (4-2) is display equipment, is received through signal
Signal and display after processing unit (4-1)；
Two channels of the signal generating unit (1) pass through transmission line and transmitting antenna (2-1) and signal acquisition unit respectively
(3) channel connection, receiving antenna (2-2) are connected to signal acquisition unit (3) another channel by transmission line；The signal
Acquisition unit is connect by transmission line with signal processing display unit (4)；All transmission lines are all made of radio frequency coaxial-cable；
Working frequency 1.2GHz~2.0GHz of non-contact cerebral hemorrhage detection device based on broadband antenna technology.
2. a kind of non-contact cerebral hemorrhage detection device based on broadband antenna technology according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the transmitting antenna (2-1) is all made of the microstrip antenna form that side is grounded with receiving antenna (2-2)；Antenna entirety length and width
A height of 49mm ╳ 24mm ╳ 14mm, radiating layer and ground plane are made of lithographic printing plate, and thickness is respectively 2mm；Radiating layer with
It is filled between ground plane using high-density foam, thickness 10mm；Radiating layer size 37mm ╳ 16mm, radiating layer wherein it is one wide with
The wide flush arrangement of antenna entirety；Ground plane dimensions 49mm ╳ 24mm, side are grounded wall and use self-adhesive copper foil, are arranged described
Radiation slice width flushes the side at place with the width of antenna entirety；The middle part of antenna entirety is arranged in feeding point, penetrates ground plane, height
Density foam and radiating layer.
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| CN108245155A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-07-06 | 中国人民解放军第三军医大学 | A kind of stroke types identification system of Multi-channel microwave aerial array |
| CN109659032A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-04-19 | 中国人民解放军陆军军医大学 | Portable non-contact closed injury of brain assessment system based on continuous wave spectrum scan |
| CN109498010A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-22 | 中国人民解放军陆军军医大学 | Data processing system applied to the diagnosis closed injury of brain of continuous wave spectrum scan |
| JP2024078465A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2024-06-11 | テルモ株式会社 | Measurement device, and antenna set |
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