CN105827833A - Percentage-based Android mobile phone screen adaption method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a percentage-based Android mobile phone screen adaptation method. The method aims at the deficiency of the existing Android mobile phone screen adaptation scheme, and proposes a percentage-based method according to the mapping relationship between the screen size and the pixel-independent density. screen adaptation scheme. It mainly includes determining the screen resolution of the mobile phone that needs to be adapted, dividing the screen resolution of the mobile phone that needs to be adapted to the UI benchmark in the horizontal and vertical directions, and calculating the pixels corresponding to the height and width of a unit under this benchmark Value, and then through programming, automatically generate the tool class of the adaptation file, generate the XML file corresponding to the resolution that needs to be adapted, and set the parameters of the control by referring to the corresponding value in the adaptation file. The system will use the resolution of the current device Find the exact pixel value to set to the control, so that an accurate fit can be achieved. The invention utilizes the self-adaptive characteristic of the Android system, and can accurately adapt to different mobile phone resolutions compared with the traditional adaptation scheme.

Description

A percentage-based screen adaptation method for Android mobile phones

technical field

The invention relates to an image conversion technology in the field of image data processing, in particular to a screen adaptation method for a mobile terminal of an Android system.

Background technique

With the rapid development of the Internet, the development of mobile client applications has been pushed to the forefront. According to the report, the market share of the Android system in the Chinese market has increased to 86% in 2014, and it is still increasing. In the domestic market, Xiaomi's MIUI, Huawei's EMUI, and Meizu's Flyme system are all deeply customized operating systems based on the Android system to meet the usage habits of Chinese people. But it is precisely because of this openness that the customization of the Android system is uneven. Different manufacturers can customize the system according to their own needs, so there is a "fragmentation" problem. As shown in Figure 1. Each rectangle in the figure represents an Android device screen size.

The traditional adaptation solution is to use wrap_content, match_parent, and weight attributes as much as possible to set the width and height of a control when writing layout files. With wrap_content, the system will set the width or height of the view to the minimum size required to fit the content in the view, while match_parent (called fill_parent in levels lower than API level 8) will expand the component to fill its parent The dimensions of the view. The weight is a unique attribute in the linear layout (LinerLayout), we can allocate the interface according to the number of vertical or horizontal controls and the ratio of the weight. But if you want the interface to become more beautiful and more in line with the user's usage habits, this method alone is not enough. So we thought of pixel-independent density units dp and sp to control the length and width of the control. Although dp can approximate the effect of the same control displayed on different screens, not all screen widths have the same dp length. When there is a difference in the physical size of the device, dp is powerless. For example, if a UI prepared for a 4.3-inch screen runs on a 5.0-inch screen, there may be a large amount of blank space on the right and bottom sides; while the 5.0-inch UI runs on a 4.3-inch device, it cannot be fully displayed. Therefore, the above-mentioned traditional adaptation solution cannot solve all adaptation problems, although dp can make the same value display roughly the same size at different resolutions, for example, the invention with the publication number CN103905643A needs to use To solve the problem of background images with different resolutions, a single background image mobile phone adaptation method is proposed, but when the sizes of devices vary greatly, this method is powerless.

The screen adaptation of Android phones has always been a headache that developers have to face. From mobile phones to tablets, there are various screen sizes and resolutions of mobile devices on the market. While improving the functions of applications, Android developers also need to adapt to the uneven devices and customized systems to improve User experience, which requires a considerable scatter of time and effort. Therefore, it is imperative to propose a fast, accurate and reusable screen adaptation solution.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the shortcomings of the above-mentioned existing screen adaptation schemes for Android mobile phones, the present invention proposes a percentage-based screen adaptation scheme according to the mapping relationship between screen size and pixel-independent density (DensityIndependentPixels).

On the basis of the mapping relationship between screen size and pixel-independent density, the present invention proposes a percentage-based mobile phone screen adaptation method, which can conveniently and accurately complete the screen adaptation work, enabling developers to design more colorful and User interface with better interactive experience. Include the following steps:

(1) Determine the screen resolution of the mobile phone that needs to be adapted according to the project requirements, including mainstream resolutions on the market and special resolutions (such as tablets, etc.).

(2) Taking the resolution of the design drawing given by the UI as the benchmark, the screen resolution of the mobile phone to be adapted is equally divided horizontally and vertically by this benchmark, and the height and width of a unit under this benchmark are calculated corresponding pixel values.

(3) Then, through the programming of the file input and output stream, the tool class for automatically generating the adaptation file is realized, and the values folder corresponding to the resolution that needs to be adapted is generated, and the format is "values-the resolution that needs to be adapted" The folder is named, and this folder contains two files, which are XML files that record the screen width pixel value and the screen height pixel value, and these pixel values come from the calculation results in step 2.

(4) When writing the layout file, directly use the px value on the design drawing, that is, set the properties and distance of the control by referencing the corresponding value in the adaptation file, and the system will use the resolution of the current device to generate in step 3 Find the accurate pixel value in the values folder and set it to the control, so that accurate adaptation can be achieved.

If some special resolutions need to be adapted, input the special resolutions that need to be adapted as parameters through the command line, generate an adaptation file that needs to be adapted to the resolution, and then according to the adaptive characteristics of the Android system, Add these adaptation folders to the res directory of the Android project, and finally perform step 4 to complete accurate adaptation.

Beneficial effects: the present invention proposes a percentage-based screen adaptation scheme based on the mapping relationship between screen size and pixel-independent pixels (DensityIndependentPixels) according to the deficiency of the screen adaptation scheme in the current Android project development process. This scheme has the following advantages:

(1) According to the adaptive characteristics of the Android system, the corresponding pixel values at different resolutions are calculated, so compared with the traditional adaptation scheme, it can accurately adapt to different mobile phone resolutions.

(2) This solution is based on the resolution of the design drawing given by the UI, and the developer can directly use the px value marked in the design drawing to set the width and height attributes, which is very convenient and reduces the need for developers to switch between px and dp pressure.

(3) And the resolution is equally divided by the benchmark, it is easy to implement a percentage layout similar to the WEB page layout, and this is an attribute that the Android layout does not have.

(4) The adaptation files for each resolution generated by this solution are common, and different projects can use the same adaptation file, so it has good reusability.

(5) If you need to add a new adaptation resolution, you only need to use the command line to quickly generate the adaptation file of the corresponding resolution, which has good scalability.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram reflecting the problem of "fragmentation" of the screen of an Android device at present.

Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the adaptation scheme of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an adaptation flowchart of an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

The specific implementation of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

On the basis of the mapping relationship between screen size and pixel-independent density, the present invention proposes a percentage-based mobile phone screen adaptation method, which can conveniently and accurately complete the screen adaptation work, enabling developers to design more colorful and User interface with better interactive experience. As shown in Figure 2, it includes the following steps:

(1) Determine the screen resolution of the mobile phone that needs to be adapted according to the project requirements, including mainstream resolutions on the market and special resolutions (such as tablets, etc.).

(2) Taking the resolution of the design drawing given by the UI as the benchmark, the screen resolution of the mobile phone to be adapted is equally divided horizontally and vertically by this benchmark, and the height and width of a unit under this benchmark are calculated corresponding pixel values.

(3) Then, through the programming of the file input and output stream, the tool class for automatically generating the adaptation file is realized, and the values folder corresponding to the resolution that needs to be adapted is generated, and the format is "values-the resolution that needs to be adapted" The folder is named, and this folder contains two files, which are XML files that record the screen width pixel value and the screen height pixel value, and these pixel values come from the calculation results in step 2.

(4) When writing the layout file, directly use the px value on the design drawing, that is, set the properties and distance of the control by referencing the corresponding value in the adaptation file, and the system will use the resolution of the current device to generate in step 3 Find the accurate pixel value in the values folder and set it to the control, so that accurate adaptation can be achieved.

If some special resolutions need to be adapted, input the special resolutions that need to be adapted as parameters through the command line, generate an adaptation file that needs to be adapted to the resolution, and then according to the adaptive characteristics of the Android system, Add these adaptation folders to the res directory of the Android project, and finally perform step 4 to complete accurate adaptation.

The present invention also provides an embodiment, and the flow chart of the implementation steps of the adaptation solution is shown in FIG. 3 . When using this solution to adapt the screen of Android devices, it is first necessary to determine the resolution that needs to be adapted according to the project requirements, including the mainstream mobile phone screen resolution in the market and some special resolutions that need to be adapted. Then select the resolution of the rendering of the UI design as the benchmark resolution. Generally, the resolution of the UI is fixed when designing the effect diagram. If the design diagram is designed according to the resolution of 480*320, the resolution of 480*320 is selected as the benchmark; the JAVA tool class is written to realize the automatic generation of the adaptation file. The automatically generated file contains mainstream resolutions. If you need to adapt to other resolutions, you can implement it through the command line; finally, add the generated adaptation file to the project, and reference it during layout to complete the adaptation work.

Now describe the above steps in detail:

Step 1: When adapting, it is necessary to determine the resolution to be adapted. In addition to adapting to the mainstream resolutions on the market, some special resolutions need to be adapted according to the needs of the project. For example, some applications need to target both mobile phone users and tablet device users, so the resolution of some tablet devices also needs to be considered. included. Specific device resolutions in the market can be queried through the following URL: http://screensiz.es/phone .

Step 2: It is necessary to confirm a benchmark resolution, and use it to calculate the pixel px value occupied by each x1 of width and y1 of height under different resolutions. Generally, during the development of a project, the UI will provide the design renderings of each interface, and Android developers need to write the layout of the interface according to the renderings. These interface renderings are generally based on the same resolution. For example, the effect picture given by the UI is based on the resolution of 320*480, then this resolution can be used as a benchmark to divide the width of any resolution into 320 parts, and the value is x1-x320; the height of any resolution is divided into 480 copies, the value is y1-y480. Then calculate the number of pixels x1 and y1 occupy at any resolution. For example, to adapt to a screen with a resolution of 320*480, since the resolution is the same as the reference, the corresponding x1=1px, y1=1px. If it is necessary to adapt to a 1080*1920 screen, according to x1=1080/baseline=1080/320=3.37px, y1=1920/baseline=1920/480=4px. By analogy, x1-x320 and y1-y480 are calculated respectively. In addition, the width, height and distance of the controls in the design diagram are marked by px units, so px can be directly converted into x[1-320], y[1-480], so that the design diagram can be used directly when writing the layout The above size can complete the full resolution adaptation. It is no longer necessary to calculate a moderate dp value based on the px of the design drawing and then set the width and height as before, and this method also has different display effects under different screen sizes and resolutions, which affects the user experience.

Step 3: According to the above introduction, we need to generate an adaptation folder for each resolution to be adapted. The naming rule of the folder is valuse+adaptation resolution. For example, the folder name for adapting to 1920*1080 resolution is values-1920x1080. This folder contains two XML files, lay_x.xml contains the px value corresponding to x1-x320 and lay_y.xml file contains the px value corresponding to y1-y480. Since there are many resolutions that need to be adapted, we need to write a tool class to automatically generate these files through the file input and output stream of JAVA. This tool class needs to generate adaptation files for mainstream resolutions. And considering the scalability, the main method needs to receive the args parameter, so that when users need to adapt to some special resolutions, they can use the command line: java-jarxx.jarwidthheight to generate an adaptation file for the resolution , in order to complete the adaptation to the special resolution.

Step 4: According to the characteristics of the Android system, if the resource folder suffix of an Android application has the same or similar resolution value as that of the mobile phone running the current application, the system will give priority to using the resource files in the resource folder. Therefore, after the adaptation files are generated, these files need to be added to the res directory of the project, so that the system can refer to them according to different situations.

Step 5: Finally, when writing the layout file, set the width, height and distance of the control by using the dimen/x value. If the UI design interface is based on 320*480, and the length of a control is marked as 160px, you only need to set the length width of the control to dimen/x160. On a 320*480 machine, the x160 value of 160px under the corresponding file is used as half of the width, while on a 1920*1080 machine, the x160 value of 540px under values-1920x1080 is also half of the screen width, and others Resolution and so on. To sum up, simply use the px value marked on the design drawing to complete the adaptation of all resolution devices.

The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.

Claims (2)

1. a percentage-based Android mobile phone screen adaptation method is characterized in that comprising the following steps: 1) Determine the screen resolution of the mobile phone that needs to be adapted according to the project requirements; 2) Taking the resolution of the design drawing given by the UI as the benchmark, divide the screen resolution of the mobile phone to be adapted into equal parts horizontally and vertically with this benchmark, and calculate the height and width of a unit under this benchmark. The corresponding pixel value px respectively; 3) Through the programming of file input and output streams, the tool class for automatically generating adaptation files is realized, and the values folder corresponding to the resolution to be adapted is generated, and the file is formatted in the format of "values-resolution to be adapted" Name the folder, which contains two files, which are XML files that record the screen width pixel value and screen height pixel value, and these pixel values come from the calculation results in step 2; 4) When writing the layout file, directly use the px value on the design drawing, that is, set the property and distance of the control by referencing the corresponding value in the adaptation file, and the system will use the resolution of the current device to the values generated in the above step 3 The exact pixel values found in the folder are set to the controls so that an accurate fit can be achieved. 2. a kind of percentage-based Android mobile phone screen adaptation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that if some special resolutions need to be adapted, then the special resolution that needs to be adapted will be parameterized by the mode of command line Input in the form of , generate an adaptation file that needs to be adapted to the resolution, and then add these adaptation folders to the res directory of the Android project according to the adaptive characteristics of the Android system, and finally perform step 4 to complete the accurate adaptation.