CN105826638B - A kind of zinc-air battery electrode material and its application - Google Patents
A kind of zinc-air battery electrode material and its application Download PDFInfo
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- CN105826638B CN105826638B CN201610344886.0A CN201610344886A CN105826638B CN 105826638 B CN105826638 B CN 105826638B CN 201610344886 A CN201610344886 A CN 201610344886A CN 105826638 B CN105826638 B CN 105826638B
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- zinc
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- air battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/04—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type
- H01M12/06—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/06—Electrodes for primary cells
- H01M4/08—Processes of manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9016—Oxides, hydroxides or oxygenated metallic salts
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of zinc-air battery electrode material and its application, electrode material includes positive electrode and negative material, and wherein positive electrode is made of following weight percent composition:MxFe3‑ xO42-6%, carbon dioxide absorber 0.5-3%, activated carbon 5-10% superconduct acetylene black 0.5-4%, expanded graphite 0.5-2%, 95% ethyl alcohol 10-70%, 60%PTFE lotion 7-80%, M thereinxFe3‑xO4In X<3, M Fe, Cu, one kind in Co, Mn.The positive electrode of zinc-air battery of the present invention has broad applicability, and coating, dip-coating and roll-in method are all suitable for;The positive electrode and negative material of zinc-air battery of the present invention have broad applicability, and button-shaped, column type and other size battery cell monomers or battery pack are all suitable for.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to a kind of zinc-air battery electrode material and its applications, belong to electrochemical energy technical field.
【Background technology】
Zinc-air battery is generally made into disposable power supply, its anode (air electrode) be using in air oxygen as activity
Substance, negative electrode active material are metal zincs, and electrolyte is KOH aqueous solutions.Zinc-air battery has that higher than energy (theory compares energy
Amount is 1350Wh/Kg, actually than energy up to 350Wh/Kg), it is the currently practical use highest battery kind of battery specific energy
One of.And voltage is steady, use temperature range is wide (- 30~60 DEG C), longevity of service is pollution-free, in use will not
Pollution is generated to human body and environment, the refuse battery used will not pollute the environment.Relative to other types battery,
Energy density has a clear superiority, and is compared with other similar metal air cells, and actual potential is close to thermodynamics current potential and gold
Belong to cheap.Zinc-air battery is with capacity is big, stability is high, energy density is high, price is cheap, electric discharge is steady, the storage longevity
The advantages such as life length, but since battery Open architecture feature itself also brings congenital deficiency, such as the oxidation of zinc electrode to ask
Topic, concentration of electrolyte are easily influenced by ambient humidity, and problem, electrolyte carbonating problem, alkali problem is climbed in leakage, battery-heating expands
Problem etc..These problems limit the scale mass production of zinc-air battery.
Due to these advantage and disadvantage of zinc-air battery, for how to widen its application field while also ensureing that its long-time is continuous
Use the Main way for storage etc. being for a long time its research.
【Invention content】
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art and provide, one kind can be used continuously for a long time or long-time is deposited
It puts, is suitble to the zinc-air battery electrode material of mass production.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of applications of above-mentioned positive electrode and negative material.
The present invention to achieve the above object, using following technical scheme:
A kind of zinc-air battery electrode material, it is characterised in that including positive electrode and negative material, the positive material
Material is made of following weight percent composition:
M thereinxFe3-xO4In X<3, M Fe, Cu, one kind in Co, Mn;
The negative material is made of following weight percent composition:
The positive electrode and negative material meet the sum of each component 100% respectively.
M in the present inventionxFe3-xO4For nanoparticle catalyst, the oxygen for being catalyzed in reducing atmosphere, present invention catalysis
Agent shows preferable catalytic stability in alkaline solution, and for reducing battery overpotential, extension battery life plays key
Effect.Catalyst M in the present inventionxFe3-xO4Grain size be less than 100nm, preferably 20-50nm.
Carbon dioxide absorber in the present invention is one or more of magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and calcium chloride.With
In reduction Carbon Dioxide in Air to reduce the side effect that it carbonates electrolyte.
Activated carbon primary attachment and dispersion nanocatalyst in the present invention, while activated carbon has the work of certain absorption air
With the discharge performance for improving battery.So the absorption property of activated carbon cannot be too strong, if can cause very much oxygen and activated carbon by force
Competitive reaction can be formed with Catalyst Adsorption air in conjunction with too strong, reduce whole catalytic activity instead.So it is just whole and
It says the activated carbon that select specific surface moderate, preferably crosses 200-300 mesh sieve, methylene blue adsorption value is more than 9ml/g.
Expanded graphite is used for conduction and as catalyst carrier in the present invention.
95% ethyl alcohol is acted on for solid-liquid dispersing, and 95% is the volumetric concentration of ethyl alcohol.
The mass concentration of PTFE emulsion in the present invention is 60%, and PTFE emulsion is for each component to be bonded together.
Inhibition passivator in the present invention be tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, tetraalkyl ammonium bromide, neopelex and
One or more of cetrimonium ammonium prevents passivation to play the role of inhibiting corrosion.
The application of electrode material of the present invention, it is characterised in that the preparation of its anode includes the following steps when using rubbing method:
A, by MxFe3-xO4, carbon dioxide absorber, activated carbon, superconduct acetylene black and expanded graphite 95% ethyl alcohol be added,
It after solid is all sufficiently humidified so as to, stirs evenly, ultrasonic disperse is uniform, so that reunion catalyst is detached, each component is uniformly dispersed;
B, PTFE emulsion is slowly added dropwise under stirring again, stirs evenly to form thick glue with the rotating speed of 1000rpm
Body, press filtration remove surplus liquid (i.e.:Unnecessary alcohol), it obtains viscosity and is suitble to the batch mixing of coating (i.e.:Lumps resilient gel);
C, batch mixing is coated on the nickel screen that thickness is 2.5mm, is positioned on the waterproof ventilated membrane that waterproofing grade IP is 68,
120-150 DEG C of vacuum drying 4-9h, after being cooled to room temperature, in addition hydrophilic nonwoven fabrics and microfiltration membranes, in 50~80Kg/ under room temperature
cm2Pressure under with tablet plate press 3-5min, thickness be 1-1.5mm to get zinc-air battery anode.
The application of electrode material of the present invention, it is characterised in that the preparation of its anode includes the following steps when using dip coating:
A, by MxFe3-xO4, carbon dioxide absorber, activated carbon, superconduct acetylene black and expanded graphite 95% ethyl alcohol be added,
It after solid is all sufficiently humidified so as to, stirs evenly, each solid component is made to evenly spread in ethyl alcohol;
B, PTFE emulsion is slowly added dropwise under stirring again, stirs evenly to form thick slurry with the rotating speed of 1000rpm
Material adjusts viscosity to the viscosity suitable for dip-coating;
C, the nickel screen that thickness is 2.5mm is immersed in the slurry that step b is obtained, is taken out after 10s, is then placed into waterproof etc.
On the waterproof ventilated membrane that grade IP is 68,120-150 DEG C of vacuum drying 4-9h, after being cooled to room temperature, in addition hydrophilic nonwoven fabrics and micro-
Filter membrane, in 50~80Kg/cm under room temperature2Pressure under with tablet plate press 3-5min, thickness be 1-1.5mm to get zinc air electricity
The anode in pond.
The application of electrode material of the present invention, it is characterised in that the preparation of its anode includes the following steps when using roll-in method:
A, by MxFe3-xO4, carbon dioxide absorber, activated carbon, superconduct acetylene black and expanded graphite 95% ethyl alcohol be added,
PTFE emulsion is added after stirring evenly, stirred at 400rpm it is agglomerating after, roll-in be pressed into thickness be 0.5-2mm thin slice, obtain
The cell catalyst layer thin slice of consistency of thickness;
B, thin slice is laid on the nickel screen that thickness is 2.5mm, is rolled into 0.8-1mm thickness, in addition waterproofing grade IP is 68
Waterproof ventilated membrane, hydrophilic nonwoven fabrics and microfiltration membranes, be rolled into 1-1.5mm thickness, 120-150 DEG C of dry 4-9h, after being cooled to room temperature,
Up to the anode of zinc-air battery.
Three of the above is prepared in the method for anode, and the filter membrane that final step adds is the materials such as PP, PE or other polyester fibers
The filter membrane done.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
The positive electrode of zinc-air battery of the present invention has broad applicability, and coating, dip-coating and roll-in method are all suitable for;
The positive electrode and negative material of zinc-air battery of the present invention have broad applicability, for button-shaped, column type and other rule
Lattice battery cell or battery pack are all suitable for.
Battery obtained by positive and negative pole material of the present invention have high power (>1W, a battery cell) discharge performance and
High battery capacity under 1A current discharges (>6000mAh, a battery cell), and be used continuously with long-time or deposited for a long time
It puts.
【Description of the drawings】
Fig. 1 is 1-3 of embodiment of the present invention discharge curves under 1A constant currents.
【Specific implementation mode】
Further more detailed description is done to the present invention below by way of specific implementation mode, the percentage in embodiment is such as not
Do being weight percentage for specified otherwise.
Embodiment 1:(rubbing method)
Positive electrode formula:
The anode of embodiment 1 is prepared with rubbing method:
95% ethyl alcohol is added in other components other than PTFE supernatant liquids to stir evenly after solid is all sufficiently humidified so as to, ultrasound
Dispersion 45-60min is uniformly dispersed;60%PTFE lotions are slowly added dropwise under stirring again, 5- is stirred with the rotating speed of 1000rpm
10min stirs evenly to form thick colloid, and press filtration removes surplus liquid, obtains the batch mixing that viscosity is suitble to coating;Batch mixing is applied
For cloth on the nickel screen that thickness is 2.5mm, it is 120 DEG C of vacuum drying 9h on 68 waterproof ventilated membranes, cooling to be positioned over waterproofing grade IP
To room temperature, in addition hydrophilic nonwoven fabrics and microfiltration membranes, in 50Kg/cm under room temperature2Pressure under with tablet plate press 3-5min, in addition
Filter membrane, it is anodes of the 1-1.5mm to get zinc-air battery to make positive thickness.
Negative material formula:
The preparation method of cathode is:
Zinc oxide, tetramethylammonium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, potassium hydroxide are added in water successively and are dissolved as electrolyte, then is added
Enter indium oxide, bismuth oxide and microcrystalline cellulose sodium, is added with stirring zinc powder and sodium carboxymethylcellulose in 1000rmp, continues to stir
It mixes 10min and obtains negative zinc cream.
Embodiment 2:(dip coating)
Positive electrode formula:
The anode of embodiment 2 is prepared with dip coating:
95% ethyl alcohol is added in other components other than PTFE supernatant liquids to stir evenly after solid is all sufficiently humidified so as to;Exist again
PTFE emulsion is slowly added dropwise under stirring, stirs 5-10min evenly to form thick slurry with the rotating speed of 1000rpm, adjusts
Viscosity is extremely suitable for the viscosity of dip-coating;The nickel screen that thickness is 2.5mm is immersed in above-mentioned slurry, takes out, is positioned over anti-after 10s
Water grade IP is 140 DEG C of vacuum drying 7h on 68 waterproof ventilated membranes, after being cooled to room temperature, in addition hydrophilic nonwoven fabrics and microfiltration membranes,
In 80Kg/cm under room temperature2Pressure under with tablet plate press 3-5min, be 1-1.5mm electric to get zinc air to the electric piece thickness of anode
The anode in pond.
Negative material formula:
The preparation method of cathode is:
Zinc oxide, 4 bromide, potassium carbonate, potassium hydroxide are added in water successively and are dissolved as electrolyte, is added
Indium oxide, bismuth oxide and microcrystalline cellulose sodium are added with stirring zinc powder and sodium carboxymethylcellulose in 1000rmp, continue to stir
10min obtains negative zinc cream.
Embodiment 3:(roll-in method)
Positive electrode formula:
The anode of embodiment 3 is prepared with roll-in method:
95% ethyl alcohol is added in other components other than PTFE supernatant liquids, after solid is all sufficiently humidified so as to, after stirring evenly again
Be added PTFE emulsion, stirred at 400rpm it is agglomerating after, roll-in be pressed into thickness be 0.5-2mm thin slice, obtain the electricity of consistency of thickness
Pond Catalytic Layer thin slice;Thin slice is laid on the nickel screen that thickness is 2.5mm, is rolled into 0.8-1.0mm, in addition waterproofing grade IP is 68
Waterproof ventilated membrane PP, hydrophilic nonwoven fabrics and microfiltration membranes are rolled into 1-1.5mm thickness, and 150 DEG C of dry 4h are to get zinc-air battery
Anode.
Negative material formula:
The preparation method of cathode is:
Zinc oxide, neopelex, potassium carbonate, potassium hydroxide are added in water successively and are dissolved as electrolyte, then
Indium oxide, bismuth oxide and microcrystalline cellulose sodium is added, zinc powder and sodium carboxymethylcellulose are added with stirring in 1000rmp, continues
Stirring 10min obtains negative zinc cream.
Electric discharge curve graph under 1A constant currents is carried out to embodiment 1-3, the results are shown in Figure 1, is formulated to embodiment 1-3
The battery examples 1-3 of preparation is tested for the property, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1:
As shown in figure 1 and table 1, according to the obtained battery examples of positive and negative pole material of the present invention formula have high power (>
1W, a battery cell) discharge performance and 1A current discharges under high battery capacity (>6000mAh, a battery cell).
Claims (6)
1. a kind of zinc-air battery electrode material, it is characterised in that including positive electrode and negative material, the positive electrode
It is made of following weight percent composition:
M thereinxFe3-xO4In X<3, M Fe, Cu, one kind in Co, Mn, the MxFe3-xO4For nano particle, grain
Diameter is less than 100nm,
The activated carbon crosses 200-300 mesh sieve, and methylene blue adsorption value is more than 9ml/g;
The negative material is made of following weight percent composition:
The positive electrode and negative material meet the sum of each component 100% respectively;The inhibition passivator is tetraalkyl hydrogen
One or more of amine-oxides, tetraalkyl ammonium bromide, neopelex and cetrimonium ammonium.
2. a kind of zinc-air battery electrode material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the carbon dioxide absorber
For one or more of magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and calcium chloride.
3. a kind of zinc-air battery electrode material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the quality of the PTFE emulsion
A concentration of 60%.
4. a kind of application of any one of claim 1-3 electrode materials, it is characterised in that its anode preparation include with
Lower step:
A, by MxFe3-xO4, carbon dioxide absorber, activated carbon, superconduct acetylene black and expanded graphite 95% ethyl alcohol be added, wait for solid
It after body is all sufficiently humidified so as to, stirs evenly, ultrasonic disperse is uniform;
B, PTFE emulsion is slowly added dropwise under stirring again, stirs evenly to form thick colloid with the rotating speed of 1000rpm, press
Surplus liquid is filtered out, the batch mixing that viscosity is suitble to coating is obtained;
C, batch mixing is coated on the nickel screen that thickness is 2.5mm, is positioned on the waterproof ventilated membrane that waterproofing grade IP is 68,120-
150 DEG C of vacuum drying 4-9h, after being cooled to room temperature, in addition hydrophilic nonwoven fabrics and microfiltration membranes, in 50~80Kg/cm under room temperature2's
It is anodes of the 1-1.5mm to get zinc-air battery to press 3-5min, thickness with tablet plate under pressure.
5. a kind of application of any one of claim 1-3 electrode materials, it is characterised in that its anode preparation include with
Lower step:
A, by MxFe3-xO4, carbon dioxide absorber, activated carbon, superconduct acetylene black and expanded graphite 95% ethyl alcohol be added, wait for solid
After body is all sufficiently humidified so as to, stir evenly;
B, PTFE emulsion is slowly added dropwise under stirring again, stirs evenly to form thick slurry with the rotating speed of 1000rpm, adjust
Viscosity is saved to the viscosity for being suitable for dip-coating;
C, the nickel screen that thickness is 2.5mm is immersed in the slurry that step b is obtained, is taken out after 10s, is then placed into waterproofing grade IP
For on 68 waterproof ventilated membrane, 120-150 DEG C is dried in vacuo 4-9h, after being cooled to room temperature, in addition hydrophilic nonwoven fabrics and microfiltration membranes,
In 50~80Kg/cm under room temperature2Pressure under with tablet plate press 3-5min, thickness be 1-1.5mm to get zinc-air battery just
Pole.
6. a kind of application of any one of claim 1-3 electrode materials, it is characterised in that its anode preparation include with
Lower step:
A, by MxFe3-xO4, carbon dioxide absorber, activated carbon, superconduct acetylene black and expanded graphite 95% ethyl alcohol, stirring be added
Uniformly after add PTFE emulsion, stirred at 400rpm it is agglomerating after, roll-in be pressed into thickness be 0.5-2mm thin slice, obtain thickness
Consistent cell catalyst layer thin slice;
B, thin slice is laid on the nickel screen that thickness is 2.5mm, is rolled into 0.8-1mm thickness, in addition the waterproof that waterproofing grade IP is 68
Ventilated membrane, hydrophilic nonwoven fabrics and microfiltration membranes, are rolled into 1-1.5mm thickness, and 120-150 DEG C of dry 4-9h is cooled to room temperature to get zinc
The anode of air cell.
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