CN105826067B - Current Transformer - Google Patents

Current Transformer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105826067B
CN105826067B CN201610339502.6A CN201610339502A CN105826067B CN 105826067 B CN105826067 B CN 105826067B CN 201610339502 A CN201610339502 A CN 201610339502A CN 105826067 B CN105826067 B CN 105826067B
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China
Prior art keywords
iron core
current transformer
secondary winding
primary winding
winding
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CN201610339502.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN105826067A (en
Inventor
杜蜀薇
杜新钢
葛得辉
彭楚宁
雷民
岳长喜
项琼
周峰
王欢
章述汉
朱凯
王雪
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/20Instruments transformers
    • H01F38/22Instruments transformers for single phase ac
    • H01F38/28Current transformers
    • H01F38/30Constructions
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/30Fastening or clamping coils, windings, or parts thereof together; Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing, or other support
    • H01F27/306Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing or other support
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F3/00Cores, Yokes, or armatures
    • H01F3/10Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F3/00Cores, Yokes, or armatures
    • H01F3/10Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
    • H01F3/14Constrictions; Gaps, e.g. air-gaps
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F3/00Cores, Yokes, or armatures
    • H01F3/10Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
    • H01F2003/106Magnetic circuits using combinations of different magnetic materials

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Transformers For Measuring Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a current transformer. Wherein the device includes: an iron core and a winding; the iron core comprises a first iron core and a second iron core; the initial magnetic permeability value of the first iron core is higher than that of the second iron core, the saturation magnetic permeability value of the second iron core is higher than that of the first iron core, and the second iron core is provided with an air gap penetrating through the second iron core along the radial direction; the windings comprise a first primary winding, a second primary winding, a first secondary winding and a second secondary winding; the first primary winding and the first secondary winding are wound on the first iron core, the second primary winding and the second secondary winding are wound on the second iron core, the first primary winding and the second primary winding are connected in series, and the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding are connected in series. The current transformer has the advantages that the first iron core has high initial magnetic conductivity, the second iron core has high saturation magnetic induction, and the structure ensures that the current transformer has strong anti-saturation capacity while maintaining high accuracy under alternating current.

Description

Current transformer
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrical measurement, in particular to a current transformer.
Background
At present, the current transformer adopts an electromagnetic induction principle to convert primary large current of a power system into 5A or 1A small current, and is used for secondary equipment such as protection, monitoring, measurement and the like, and is important equipment for connecting primary and secondary. The measuring winding of the current transformer is connected with the electric energy meter to jointly form a current measuring loop of the electric energy metering device, so that the accuracy of electric energy metering is directly influenced by the performance of the current transformer, and the fairness of electric energy trade settlement is influenced.
In some special cases, the primary current of the current transformer may contain a direct current or harmonic component, and even a sinusoidal half wave rectified by a diode. These non-power frequency components can cause great influence to the transmission characteristics of traditional mutual inductor and ordinary double-core mutual inductor, and then influence the accuracy of electric energy measurement.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a current transformer, which aims to solve the defects that the existing current transformer is easily affected by direct current components, and the ratio is poor and the phase difference is sharply increased.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a current transformer, the apparatus comprising: an iron core and a winding; wherein: the iron core comprises a first iron core and a second iron core; the initial magnetic permeability value of the first iron core is higher than that of the second iron core, the saturation magnetic permeability value of the second iron core is higher than that of the first iron core, and the second iron core is provided with an air gap penetrating through the second iron core along the radial direction; the winding comprises a first primary winding, a second primary winding, a first secondary winding and a second secondary winding; the first primary winding and the first secondary winding are wound on the first iron core, the second primary winding and the second secondary winding are wound on the second iron core, the first primary winding and the second primary winding are connected in series, and the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding are connected in series.
Further, the current transformer further includes: a housing; wherein, the first iron core is arranged in the casing, and the first primary winding and the first secondary winding are both wound outside the casing.
Further, in the current transformer, a first insulating layer is further arranged outside the shell, and the first primary winding and the first secondary winding are wound outside the first insulating layer.
Further, in the current transformer, a second insulating layer is further arranged outside the second iron core, and the second primary winding and the second secondary winding are wound outside the second insulating layer.
Further, in the current transformer, the air gap is one.
Further, in the current transformer, the number of the air gaps is multiple, and the air gaps are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the second iron core.
Further, in the current transformer, the sum of the widths of the air gaps is 0.2 mm-2 mm.
Further, in the current transformer, the ratio of the number of turns of the first primary winding to the number of turns of the first secondary winding is equal to a preset rated transformation ratio; the ratio of the number of turns of the second primary winding to the number of turns of the second secondary winding is equal to a preset nominal ratio.
Further, in the current transformer, the sectional area of the second iron core is 1-3 times of the sectional area of the first iron core.
Further, in the current transformer, the contour shape of the first iron core is the same as the contour shape of the second iron core.
The current transformer has the advantages that the first iron core has high initial magnetic conductivity, the second iron core has high saturation magnetic induction and penetrating air gaps, the structure enables the current transformer to maintain high accuracy under alternating current and simultaneously have high anti-saturation capacity, and the defects that the traditional transformer and the common double-iron core transformer are easily affected by direct current components, the ratio is poor, the phase difference is rapidly increased and even normal operation cannot be realized are overcome.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a current transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an air gap formed on an iron core in the current transformer according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a current transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 2 again, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an air gap formed on an iron core in the current transformer according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the current transformer includes: a core 1 and windings 2.
Wherein the iron core 1 comprises a first iron core 11 and a second iron core 12; the initial magnetic permeability value of the first iron core 11 is higher than the initial magnetic permeability value of the second iron core 12, the saturation magnetic permeability value of the second iron core 12 is higher than the saturation magnetic permeability value of the first iron core 11, and the second iron core 12 is provided with an air gap 3 penetrating through the second iron core 12 in the radial direction.
The windings comprise a first primary winding 21, a second primary winding 22, a first secondary winding 23 and a second secondary winding 24. The first primary winding 21 and the first secondary winding 23 are both wound on the first core 11, the second primary winding 22 and the second secondary winding 24 are both wound on the second core 12, and the first primary winding 21 and the second primary winding 22 are connected in series, and the first secondary winding 23 and the second secondary winding 24 are connected in series.
Specifically, the material of the first core 11 is a material having high initial magnetic permeability, preferably permalloy, amorphous or nanocrystalline alloy; the material of the second iron core 12 is a material with high saturation induction, preferably cold-rolled silicon steel sheet, and the second iron core 12 is provided with an air gap 3 penetrating through the second iron core 12 along the radial direction.
In this embodiment, the iron core 1 includes a first iron core 11 with high initial magnetic permeability and a second iron core 12 with high saturation magnetic induction, and the first primary winding 21 and the second primary winding 22 are connected in series, and the first secondary winding 23 and the second secondary winding 24 are connected in series, so that the magnetic flux under normal alternating current is mainly distributed in the first iron core 11, and the error is close to that of a transformer manufactured by the first iron core 11 alone, which can reach 0.2S level; when the direct current content is higher, the first iron core 11 is severely saturated, magnetic flux is mainly distributed in the second iron core 12, the error of the magnetic flux is close to that of a current transformer manufactured by the second iron core 12 alone, the error under a sine half-wave can meet the 1-level requirement, the current transformer has stronger anti-saturation capacity, and the defects that the traditional transformer and the common double-iron-core transformer are easily affected by direct current components, the ratio difference and the phase difference are rapidly increased, and even the normal work cannot be realized are overcome. The air gap 3 formed on the second iron core 12 can improve the anti-saturation capacity of the second iron core 12.
The above embodiment may further include: a housing (not shown). Wherein the first core 11 is disposed in the housing, and the first primary winding 21 and the first secondary winding 23 are wound outside the housing. A first insulating layer (not shown) is further disposed outside the casing, and the first primary winding 21 and the first secondary winding 23 are wound around the outside of the first insulating layer.
In specific implementation, the first iron core 11 is placed in the shell, a first insulating layer is arranged outside the shell, and the first insulating layer can be arranged in a manner of wrapping a polyester plastic film; the first primary winding 21 and the first secondary winding 23 are wound outside the first insulating layer, the windings can be enameled copper wires, the wire diameter of the enameled copper wires is related to the secondary current and the secondary loop impedance, and the larger the secondary current is, the larger the secondary loop impedance is, and the larger the wire diameter of the enameled copper wires is.
In this embodiment, since the material of the first iron core 11 is relatively brittle, the integrity of the first iron core 11 can be protected by placing the first iron core 11 in the housing; in the above embodiment, a second insulating layer (not shown) may be provided outside the second core 12, and the second primary winding 22 and the second secondary winding 24 are wound around the outside of the second insulating layer.
In specific implementation, a second insulating layer is arranged outside the first iron core 12, and the mode of arranging the second insulating layer can be to wrap a polyester plastic film; the second primary winding 22 and the second secondary winding 24 are wound outside the second insulating layer, the windings can be enameled copper wires, the wire diameter of the enameled copper wires is related to the secondary current and the secondary loop impedance, and the larger the secondary current is, the larger the secondary loop impedance is, and the larger the wire diameter of the enameled copper wires is.
In the above embodiment, the number of the air gaps 3 may be one or a plurality. When the number of the air gaps 3 is plural, the plural air gaps 3 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the second core 12. Preferably, the sum of the widths of the air gaps 3 is 0.2 mm-2 mm.
In this embodiment, the air gap 3 is formed on the second iron core 12, so as to improve the anti-saturation capability of the second iron core 12.
In addition, in the above embodiment, the ratio of the number of turns of the first primary winding 21 to the number of turns of the first secondary winding 23 is equal to the preset rated ratio, and the ratio of the number of turns of the second primary winding 22 to the number of turns of the second secondary winding 24 is equal to the preset rated ratio. In specific implementation, the ratio of the number of turns of the second secondary winding 24 to the number of turns of the second primary winding 22 can be measured by using a transformer calibrator or a transformation ratio tester, and if the error between the transformer calibrator and the rated transformation ratio exceeds +/-1%, the error of the ratio of the number of turns of the second secondary winding 24 to the number of turns of the second primary winding 22 can be adjusted by adopting a method of properly increasing or decreasing the number of turns of the second secondary winding 24 or compensating the number of turns of the secondary winding.
In this embodiment, the ratio error of the number of turns of the second secondary winding 24 to the number of turns of the second primary winding 22 is adjusted by properly increasing or decreasing the number of turns of the second secondary winding 24 or compensating the number of turns in a split manner, so that the error is better than ±1%.
In the above embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the second core 12 is 1 to 3 times the cross-sectional area of the first core 11. In specific implementation, proper rated magnetic induction intensity B is selected, corresponding magnetic field intensity H and magnetic permeability mu are found according to an excitation curve (B-H curve) of the first iron core 11, and an error calculation formula of the current transformer is adoptedCalculating the sectional area S of the first iron core 11, wherein epsilon is the error of the transformer, Z 2 Is the secondary loop impedance, i is the average magnetic path length, mu is the magnetic permeability of the iron core, k is the lamination coefficient of the iron core, N 2 And S is the number of turns of the secondary winding, and S is the sectional area of the iron core. The sectional area of the second core 12 is then determined to be 1 to 3 times the sectional area of the first core 11. The outer diameter, inner diameter and height of each of the first core 11 and the second core 12 are selected according to the sectional areas thereof.
In this embodiment, the effect of the current transformer is better when the sectional area of the second core 12 is 1 to 3 times the sectional area of the first core 11 through experiments.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the first core 11 is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the second core 12. In particular, the cross-sectional shape of the first core 11 and the cross-sectional shape of the second core 12 may be circular, square, or rectangular.
In summary, in this embodiment, the first iron core of the current transformer has high initial permeability, the second iron core has high saturation magnetic induction and penetrating air gap, and the structure makes the current transformer maintain high accuracy under alternating current and have strong anti-saturation capability, so that the defects that the traditional transformer and the common double-iron core transformer are easily affected by direct current components, resulting in poor ratio and rapid increase of phase difference, and even cannot work normally are overcome.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

Claims (9)

1. A current transformer, comprising: an iron core (1) and a winding (2); wherein:
the iron core comprises a first iron core (11) and a second iron core (12); the initial magnetic permeability value of the first iron core (11) is higher than that of the second iron core (12), the saturation magnetic permeability value of the second iron core (12) is higher than that of the first iron core (11), and the second iron core (12) is provided with an air gap (3) penetrating through the second iron core (12) along the radial direction;
the windings comprise a first primary winding (21), a second primary winding (22), a first secondary winding (23) and a second secondary winding (24); wherein the first primary winding (21) and the first secondary winding (23) are both wound on the first iron core (11), the second primary winding (22) and the second secondary winding (24) are both wound on the second iron core (12), the first primary winding (21) and the second primary winding (22) are connected in series, and the first secondary winding (23) and the second secondary winding (24) are connected in series;
the cross section area of the second iron core (12) is1 to 3 times of the sectional area of the first iron core (11); wherein, selecting proper rated magnetic induction intensity B, finding out corresponding magnetic field intensity H and magnetic permeability mu according to the excitation curve of the first iron core, and calculating a formula according to the error of the current transformerCalculating the sectional area S of a first iron core, wherein epsilon is the error of a transformer, Z2 is the impedance of a secondary loop, l is the average magnetic path length, mu is the magnetic permeability of the iron core, k is the lamination coefficient of the iron core, N2 is the number of turns of a secondary winding, and S is the sectional area of the iron core; and then the sectional area of the second iron core is determined to be 1-3 times of the sectional area of the first iron core.
2. The current transformer of claim 1, further comprising: a housing; wherein the first iron core (11) is arranged in the shell, and the first primary winding (21) and the first secondary winding (23) are wound outside the shell.
3. The current transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that a first insulating layer is further provided outside the housing, the first primary winding (21) and the first secondary winding (23) being wound outside the first insulating layer.
4. The current transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that a second insulating layer is further provided outside the second core (12), and the second primary winding (22) and the second secondary winding (24) are both wound outside the second insulating layer.
5. The current transformer of claim 1, wherein the current transformer comprises a plurality of current transformers,
the air gap (3) is one.
6. The current transformer according to claim 5, wherein,
the number of the air gaps (3) is plural, and the plurality of the air gaps (3) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the second iron core (12).
7. A current transformer according to claim 5 or 6, wherein,
the sum of the widths of the air gaps (3) is 0.2 mm-2 mm.
8. The current transformer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein,
the ratio of the number of turns of the first primary winding (21) to the number of turns of the first secondary winding (23) is a preset nominal ratio;
the ratio of the number of turns of the second primary winding (22) to the number of turns of the second secondary winding (24) is a predetermined nominal ratio.
9. The current transformer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein,
the contour shape of the first iron core (11) is the same as the contour shape of the second iron core (12).
CN201610339502.6A 2016-05-19 2016-05-19 Current Transformer Active CN105826067B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109036812B (en) * 2017-06-12 2024-04-12 天津市中力神盾电子科技有限公司 Current acquisition device

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4513274A (en) * 1982-04-22 1985-04-23 Lgz Landis & Gyr Zug Ag Current transformer for measuring instruments
JP2001015365A (en) * 1999-07-02 2001-01-19 Toko Electric Corp Current transformer
CN1688003A (en) * 2005-06-23 2005-10-26 安泰科技股份有限公司 Anti-DC component current transformer core and mfg. method and use thereof
CN201315222Y (en) * 2008-11-17 2009-09-23 平高集团有限公司 Mixed iron core and current mutual inductor
CN101692399A (en) * 2009-09-30 2010-04-07 淄博元星电子有限公司 Transient current transformer
CN201503765U (en) * 2009-09-11 2010-06-09 何排枝 Through type low-tension current mutual inductor
CN201859770U (en) * 2010-11-09 2011-06-08 冯学学 High-precision current transformer
CN202585088U (en) * 2012-05-09 2012-12-05 广东四会互感器厂有限公司 Current transformer with protecting and measuring functions
CN102969138A (en) * 2012-12-11 2013-03-13 吉林省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 0.2Ss grade special high-voltage metering current transformer
CN103219140A (en) * 2013-04-24 2013-07-24 南京江北自动化技术有限公司 Current transformer
CN103337355A (en) * 2013-07-09 2013-10-02 河北申科电子股份有限公司 Zero-magnetic flux current transformer capable of preventing electricity from being stolen through high-intensity magnetic field
CN103646768A (en) * 2013-12-24 2014-03-19 国家电网公司 Active electronic current transformer
CN205789476U (en) * 2016-05-19 2016-12-07 中国电力科学研究院 Current transformer

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4513274A (en) * 1982-04-22 1985-04-23 Lgz Landis & Gyr Zug Ag Current transformer for measuring instruments
JP2001015365A (en) * 1999-07-02 2001-01-19 Toko Electric Corp Current transformer
CN1688003A (en) * 2005-06-23 2005-10-26 安泰科技股份有限公司 Anti-DC component current transformer core and mfg. method and use thereof
CN201315222Y (en) * 2008-11-17 2009-09-23 平高集团有限公司 Mixed iron core and current mutual inductor
CN201503765U (en) * 2009-09-11 2010-06-09 何排枝 Through type low-tension current mutual inductor
CN101692399A (en) * 2009-09-30 2010-04-07 淄博元星电子有限公司 Transient current transformer
CN201859770U (en) * 2010-11-09 2011-06-08 冯学学 High-precision current transformer
CN202585088U (en) * 2012-05-09 2012-12-05 广东四会互感器厂有限公司 Current transformer with protecting and measuring functions
CN102969138A (en) * 2012-12-11 2013-03-13 吉林省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 0.2Ss grade special high-voltage metering current transformer
CN103219140A (en) * 2013-04-24 2013-07-24 南京江北自动化技术有限公司 Current transformer
CN103337355A (en) * 2013-07-09 2013-10-02 河北申科电子股份有限公司 Zero-magnetic flux current transformer capable of preventing electricity from being stolen through high-intensity magnetic field
CN103646768A (en) * 2013-12-24 2014-03-19 国家电网公司 Active electronic current transformer
CN205789476U (en) * 2016-05-19 2016-12-07 中国电力科学研究院 Current transformer

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