CN105825437B - A kind of complexity multi-reservoir supplies water method for allocating tasks jointly - Google Patents

A kind of complexity multi-reservoir supplies water method for allocating tasks jointly Download PDF

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CN105825437B
CN105825437B CN201610173048.1A CN201610173048A CN105825437B CN 105825437 B CN105825437 B CN 105825437B CN 201610173048 A CN201610173048 A CN 201610173048A CN 105825437 B CN105825437 B CN 105825437B
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reservoir
water
water supply
objective function
dispatching
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CN105825437A (en
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张弛
李昱
彭勇
初京刚
周惠成
韩义超
齐云飞
李智慧
付桂芬
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INVESTIGATION AND DESIGN INSTITUTE OF WATER RESOURCES AND HYDROPOWER LIAONING PROVINCE
Dalian University of Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/06Electricity, gas or water supply
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B1/00Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains

Abstract

It supplies water jointly method for allocating tasks the invention discloses a kind of complicated multi-reservoir, comprising the following steps: step 1, according to the topological structure of multi-reservoir and the distribution situation of common water supply target, layering building virtual aggregation reservoir, and work out corresponding combined dispatching figure;Step 2, common water supply Task Assigned Policy is determined for two kinds of topological structures in parallel and serial respectively;Step 3, the objective function of joint water supply dispatching model is constructed;Step 4, using multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithm, optimize the objective function of joint water supply dispatching model, obtain relatively optimal combined dispatching rule.The present invention can carry out United Dispatching to complicated joint water supply of reservoir group, the space and time difference of two Phase flow can be captured, the storage capacity compensation for giving full play to library group is acted on compensation of hydrology, is farthest improved system and is distributed ability rationally to water resource, is suitable for the application in complicated multi-reservoir combined dispatching.Can be widely applied to complicated multi-reservoir, water supply task is distributed jointly.

Description

A kind of complexity multi-reservoir supplies water method for allocating tasks jointly
Technical field
The invention belongs to multi-reservoir combined dispatching technical field, it is related specifically to a kind of complicated multi-reservoir and supplies water jointly task Distribution method.
Background technique
Chinese large-sized river basin has formed or has been formed multi-reservoir and developed jointly the total arrangement utilized, multi-reservoir Co-supplying Optimized Operation is the Nonlinear Multiobjective optimization problem with Complex Constraints, however, with library group's scale and The continuous increase of its topological structure complexity realizes that the difficulty of its Optimized Operation is also increasing.Currently, multi-reservoir is virtual It is considered as one of the best approach of multi-reservoir combined dispatching for the method that polymerization reservoir formulates water supply decision.Although this method can be with Comprehensively consider the water storage state of multi-reservoir, Exact Location System water supply capacity more objectively determines confession of the system to each water user Confluent, but it is still difficult point place that how common water supply task, which is optimally assigned to corresponding specific reservoir,.
Currently, the distribution of common water supply task mainly uses and divides water rule of three and compensation adjustment method.When multi-reservoir topology knot Frequently with water rule of three is divided when structure is complicated or compensation relationship is unobvious, wherein with fixed proportion Y-factor method Y and dynamic proportion Y-factor method Y Based on.Fixed proportion Y-factor method Y determines one group of fixed proportion coefficient by way of simulative optimization mainly to distribute common supply water and appoint Business;Dynamic proportion Y-factor method Y is mainly the thought according to " compensation adjustment, able people should do more work ", comprehensively considers current storage capacity, storage capacity system Number, reservoir become a mandarin etc. because usually formulating reasonable allocation rule, thus preferably [all using compensation of hydrology and storage capacity Compensation Rule Sweet smell, Zheng Xiongwei, Ma Jun wait Advances In Science And Technology of Water Resources, 2011,05:11-13+22.], [Zhang Haotian Dalian University of Technology, 2013].But existing dynamic proportion Y-factor method Y does not account for the water supply task of each member's reservoir present period itself largely, when When reservoir itself water supply task is very big, change procedure can largely influence and restrict the distribution of common water supply task.
When in multi-reservoir there are when obvious compensation relationship frequently with compensation adjustment method: Jay R.Lund etc. [Jay R.Lund, Joel Guzman.Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 1999,125 (3): 143-153.] by the sequence of storage capacity utilization efficiency value from small to large successively carry out water supply scheduling;[the Li- such as Li-Chiu Chang Chiu Chang, Fi-John Chang.Journal of Hydrology, 2009,1 (2): 12-20.] utilize compensation adjustment Mode carries out water supply scheduling to emerald, jade multi-reservoir;[Guo Xuning, Hu Tiesong, Zeng Xiang wait the Central China University of Science and Technology to learn to Guo Xuning Report: natural science edition, 2011,39 (10): 121-124.] etc. using compensation adjustment with the mode that combines of two dimension scheduling graph to green Stream river, Yingna River basin carry out water supply scheduling.But water supply task of the existing compensation adjustment method due to not accounting for itself, often It will appear compensation deficiency or overcompensation situation, it can not rational management guarantee water supply.
In addition, since the distribution for the task that supplies water jointly is related to whole system water supply target, member's reservoir water supply target, each Multiple targets such as water user's water supply target, traditional index weights assignment method has certain limitation, only more mesh Mark is converted to single goal, can not embody competition conspiracy relation [Li-Chiu Chang, Fi-John between each target Chang.Journal of Hydrology, 2009,1 (2): 12-20.], [Ding Shengxiang, Dong Zengchuan, Wang Dezhi wait hydroscience Progress, 2008,19 (5): 679-684.].
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention is based on the thought of virtual aggregation reservoir, propose that a kind of complicated multi-reservoir is total With water supply method for allocating tasks.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of complexity multi-reservoir supplies water method for allocating tasks jointly, comprising the following steps:
The first step, according to the topological structure of multi-reservoir and the distribution situation of common water supply target, layering building virtual aggregation Reservoir, and work out corresponding combined dispatching figure.
Second step determines common water supply Task Assigned Policy respectively for two kinds of topological structures in parallel and serial;It is in parallel Reservoir allocation strategy is using the dynamic proportion Y-factor method Y divided in water rule of three;Connection reservoirs allocation strategy uses compensation adjustment method, To avoid overcompensation, supply restraining line is set in compensation reservoir.
The calculation formula of the dynamic proportion coefficient are as follows:
Wherein, Ki,tFor distribution coefficient, VSi,tFor the reservoir storage of i reservoir t period, IFi,tFor becoming a mandarin for i reservoir t period, DPi,tFor itself water supply task of i reservoir t period.The responsible common water supply task of each member's reservoir is equal to point of member's reservoir Distribution coefficient Ki,tMultiplied by common water supply task.
Third step constructs the objective function of joint water supply dispatching model, the objective function are as follows:
The objective function of 3.1 subsystem water shortage indexes:
Wherein, f (x) is the objective function of subsystem water shortage index, and SI is water shortage index, and N is that long series dispatches total year, ωagrFor weight shared by agricultural water target, ωindFor weight shared by industrial water target, Dagr,j、Dind,jIt is respectively sub The gross water requirement of system agricultural water target, industrial water target in j, Wagr,j、Wind,jFor subsystem to agriculture in j Industry, the total supply of industry.
3.2 systems always abandon the objective function of water:
Wherein, f'(x) it is the objective function that system always abandons water, SUjIt (include the area reservoir Qi Shuiyu to abandon water in j Between finally enter magnanimity), M be water user's total number, RaiFor the fraction of water user i, αi、βiRespectively penalty coefficient, when with water Family i is unsatisfactory for α when fraction requirementi1 is taken, otherwise takes 0, β when super collapse dept occurs when water user i supplies wateri1 is taken, is otherwise taken 0, PS_A, PS_B is respectively sufficiently large punishment amount.
4th step is optimized the objective function of joint water supply dispatching model, is obtained relatively optimal using multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithm Combined dispatching rule;The combined dispatching rule be the water shortage index of subsystems is minimum, total abandoning water of system most It is small.
The invention has the benefit that United Dispatching can be carried out to complicated joint water supply of reservoir group, storage diameter can be captured The space and time difference of stream, the storage capacity compensation for giving full play to library group are acted on compensation of hydrology, farthest improve system to water resource The application distributed ability rationally, be suitable in complicated multi-reservoir combined dispatching.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is complicated multi-reservoir schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is reservoir water supply scheduling graph.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawing being further elaborated with to technical solution of the present invention.
A kind of complexity multi-reservoir supplies water method for allocating tasks jointly, comprising the following steps:
The first step, according to the topological structure of multi-reservoir and the distribution situation of common water supply target, layering building virtual aggregation Reservoir, and work out corresponding combined dispatching figure.
Complicated multi-reservoir water supply schematic diagram as shown in Fig. 1, water user is numerous, and way of supplying water is complex, entirely Multi-reservoir water system is made of three subsystems: a reservoir and a mining under reservoir section are subsystem A, b reservoir, the reservoir basin b-c Between, c reservoir and c mining under reservoir section be subsystem B, the section after reservoir a, b, c converge is subsystem C.
Subsystem A is supplied water by a reservoir, therefore optimizes the scheduling rule for formulating a reservoir, determines each water user of subsystem A such as What supplies water.Subsystem B is supplied water by b, c reservoir, therefore two library virtual aggregations are determined at a reservoir (XN-2) to the subsystem The water supply of internal each water user.Subsystem C is by a, b, c reservoir co-supplying, therefore by three library virtual aggregations at a reservoir (XN-3), each water user's water supply of the subsystem is determined according to its scheduling rule.
The scheduling rule of a reservoir, XN-2 reservoir and XN-3 reservoir is reflected in the form of scheduling graph, preferential according to water supply target The height of grade and fraction formulates water supply scheduling graph and the rule that supplies water.As shown in Fig. 2, reservoir water supply scheduling graph uses water by each The limitation supply line at family is constituted, and the utilizable capacity of reservoir is divided into 3 dispatch areas by 2 limitation supply lines.It was run in reservoir Cheng Zhong supplies water according to dispatcher-controlled territory locating for the current water storage state of reservoir according to the water supply rule that table 1 provides.
Supply water rule in 1 reservoir water supply scheduling graph of table each area
Second step determines common water supply Task Assigned Policy respectively for two kinds of topological structures in parallel and serial;It is in parallel Reservoir allocation strategy is using the dynamic proportion Y-factor method Y divided in water rule of three;Connection reservoirs allocation strategy uses compensation adjustment method, To avoid overcompensation, supply restraining line is set in compensation reservoir.
Joint water supply of reservoir group scheduling is carried out using virtual aggregation reservoir and generally comprises two steps: (1) according to each reservoir Current water storage state determines that multi-reservoir is limitation water supply to each water user or supplies water on demand, that is, determines and supply each water user How much water.(2) common water supply task is distributed to each member's reservoir according to certain allocation strategy, determine and supplied water by whom.Specific point It is as follows with strategy:
(1) parallel reservoir
A, tri- library b, c aggregates into XN-3 reservoir as subsystem C water supply, while b reservoir and c reservoir aggregate into XN-2 reservoir, Therefore the common water supply task of XN-3 is distributed between a reservoir and XN-2 reservoir, i.e., a reservoir and XN-2 reservoir are parallel reservoir.a The basin where basin and XN-2 reservoir where reservoir is kept substantially with rich with withered state, and there is no extremely rich withered complementary shapes Condition;In addition a reservoir and b reservoir are all carry-over storages, and utilizable capacity, aggregate storage capacity and storage coefficient are all not much different, There is no storage capacity to compensate situation, therefore makes to supply water jointly using water rule of three is divided when XN-3 reservoir distributes common water supply task Task is effectively distributed between a reservoir and XN-2 reservoir, and uses fixed proportion Y-factor method Y and two kinds of dynamic proportion Y-factor method Y Method compares and analyzes.
A fixed proportion Y-factor method Y
Directly optimize the allocation proportion coefficient (α for determining day part in scheduling year using Exchanger Efficiency with Weight Coefficient Methodt, βt), if the period Interior common water supply task is WDt, then the responsible common water supply task of a reservoir is αt×WDt, the responsible common confession of XN-2 reservoir Water task is βt×WDt, and meet constraint: αtt=1.
B dynamic proportion Y-factor method Y
Existing dynamic proportion Y-factor method Y is improved, i.e., considers water, current storage capacity and present period itself simultaneously Water supply task three dynamically distribute coefficient because usually formulating.Calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, Ki,tFor distribution coefficient, VSi,tFor the reservoir storage of i reservoir t period, IFi,tFor becoming a mandarin for i reservoir t period, DPi,tFor itself water supply task of i reservoir t period.The responsible common water supply task of each member's reservoir is equal to point of member's reservoir Distribution coefficient Ki,tMultiplied by common water supply task.
(2) connection reservoirs
XN-3 distributes to the water supply task of XN-2 and the water supply task in c mining under reservoir section is commonly fed by b, c reservoir, Belong to the common water supply task of XN-2 reservoir.B reservoir is in the upstream of c reservoir, and utilizable capacity and storage coefficient are all than c reservoir Greatly, but its reservoir inflow is smaller than c reservoir instead.Therefore, XN-2 reservoir uses compensation adjustment method when distributing common water supply task, Common water supply task is first responsible for by c reservoir, insufficient section is fed by b reservoir.
In view of the water supply task and b reservoir in the above section of c reservoir, itself direct-furnish task is also responsible for supply by b, i.e., not The unconfined compensation c reservoir of energy, so a supply restraining line is arranged in b reservoir.When b reservoir level is higher than the restraining line, b Reservoir can feed c reservoir;When b reservoir level is lower than the restraining line, b reservoir cannot feed c reservoir, be held alone by c reservoir Carry on a shoulder pole the water supply task in downstream.
Third step constructs the objective function of joint water supply dispatching model.
For subsystem A, the regulation goal of a reservoir is to guarantee supply water, reduce water shortage, therefore its water shortage index conduct One of objective function (smaller more excellent).Equally, using the water shortage index of subsystem B, C as other two objective function.Entire water The purpose of library group's co-supplying Optimized Operation is to keep reservoir group system total supply maximum, i.e. total abandoning water of system is minimum, because This is with one of the minimum objective function of average annual total abandoning water of system.To sum up, objective function are as follows:
Wherein, N is that long series dispatches total year;SI is water shortage index;ωagrFor weight shared by agricultural water target; ωindFor weight shared by industrial water target;DA,agr,j、DA,ind,jRespectively subsystem A agricultural water target, work in j The gross water requirement of industry water target;WA,agr,j、WA,ind,jFor subsystem A to the total supply of agricultural, industry in j;SUjFor j Water (abandon water comprising reservoir and section finally enters magnanimity) is abandoned in year;M is water user's total number;RaiFor the guarantee of water user i Rate;αi、βiRespectively penalty coefficient takes 1 when water user i is unsatisfactory for fraction requirement, otherwise takes 0;When water user i supplies water β when super collapse dept occursi1 is taken, otherwise takes 0.PS_A, PS_B are respectively sufficiently large punishment amount.
4th step is optimized the objective function of joint water supply dispatching model, is obtained relatively optimal using multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithm Combined dispatching rule;The combined dispatching rule be the water shortage index of subsystems is minimum, total abandoning water of system most It is small.
Using the long series natural two Phase flow of multi-reservoir and local inflow as the input data of model, using multiple target into Change algorithm to optimize model, obtains relatively optimal scheduling rule.
(1) decision variable
The identical decision variable of two kinds of common water supply task allocation plans are as follows: XN-2, XN-3 and a graph of reservoir operation dispatch line Position, b reservoir supply limit line position.Fixed allocation proportionality coefficient method also needs additional variable: member's reservoir of XN-3 In the water supply task allocation proportion of each period.
(2) constraint condition
Reservoir water Constraints of Equilibrium, characteristic water level of reservoir constraint, water user limit supply water not super collapse dept and each use Water family fraction constraint etc..
(3) optimization method
Non-dominated sorted genetic algorithm (ε-NSGAII) of the ε-domination with elitism strategy is introduced on the basis of NSGAII The multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithm of ε-domination, adaptive Population Size strategy.Compared with other multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithms (MOEAs), The algorithm has the advantages that three aspects: 1. reducing parameter setting;2. a possibility that ε-domination reduction can not restrain;3. adaptive population Size.The algorithm was widely used in numerous industries in recent years, and obtained good effect.Therefore, using ε-NSGA-II algorithm Multi-reservoir joint optimal operation model is solved, parameter setting is as shown in table 2.Since genetic algorithm has randomness, thus it is every A problem independent operating 6 times, it is random every time to generate initial population and iteration 100 is all ages (it is demonstrated experimentally that by 100 all ages iteration Afterwards, the Pareto disaggregation of acquisition is promoted without essence).Since the true optimal forward position Pareto can not obtain, searched from 12 times It obtains in all forward positions Pareto solution that rope obtains with reference to disaggregation and replaces the true optimal forward position Pareto.
The setting of 2 ε-NSGAII algorithm parameter of table
This method is applied into Dahuofang Reservoir, Guanyinge Reservoir and the Participation nest on the Northeast's Hun River and crown prince's river valley The multi-reservoir of reservoir composition, establishes 3 kinds of schemes and compares and analyzes, as shown in table 3.Parallel reservoir divides water to advise in scheme 1,2 Fixed proportion Y-factor method Y is then used, parallel reservoir divides water rule using dynamic proportion Y-factor method Y in scheme 3, connects in scheme 1 Reservoir divides water rule using compensation adjustment method.Connection reservoirs divides water rule restrictive using considering to feed in scheme 2,3 Compensation adjustment method.
Supply water task method of salary distribution contrast table jointly in 33 kinds of schemes of table
Scheme 1,2 Comparative results show the compensation adjustment method based on supply restraining line can classifying rationally supplies water times jointly Business, preferably performance storage capacity compensating action;In contrast, do not consider that the compensation adjustment method for compensating restraining line destroys reservoir The number of depth increases, while further influencing the task distribution of other reservoirs and system, reduces the water supply of common water supply task Fraction.
Scheme 2,3 results relatively show dynamic proportion Y-factor method Y comprehensively considered reservoir present period reservoir storage, become a mandarin with And itself water supply task, reservoir current supplying capability was both considered, it is further contemplated that the accurate forecast information of next period, it is also contemplated that Future uses water information, can reduce preferably using the compensation of hydrology and storage capacity compensating action between subsystem A and subsystem B Competitiveness between the two, preferably the water supply task of assignment subsystem C.The Pareto disaggregation obtained with fixed proportion Y-factor method Y It compares, the Pareto disaggregation of dynamic proportion Y-factor method Y disaggregation number under conditions of diversity does not reduce significantly reduces, convergence More preferably, it abandons water preferably disaggregation proportion to increase, and the preferably balanced water shortage index of three subsystems, be more nearly The position of ideal optimal solution.

Claims (2)

  1. The method for allocating tasks 1. a kind of complexity multi-reservoir supplies water jointly, which comprises the following steps:
    The first step, according to the topological structure of multi-reservoir and the distribution situation of common water supply target, layering constructs virtual aggregation reservoir, And work out corresponding combined dispatching figure;
    Second step determines common water supply Task Assigned Policy: parallel reservoir respectively for two kinds of topological structures in parallel and serial Using the dynamic proportion Y-factor method Y divided in water rule of three;Connection reservoirs are being compensated using compensation adjustment method to avoid overcompensation Reservoir setting supply restraining line;
    The calculation formula of the dynamic proportion coefficient are as follows:
    Wherein, Ki,tFor distribution coefficient, VSi,tFor the reservoir storage of i reservoir t period, IFi,tFor becoming a mandarin for i reservoir t period, DPi,tFor Itself water supply task of i reservoir t period;The responsible common water supply task of each member's reservoir is equal to the distribution coefficient of member's reservoir Ki,tMultiplied by common water supply task;
    Third step constructs the objective function of joint water supply dispatching model, the objective function being related to specifically:
    3.1) objective function of subsystem water shortage index:
    Wherein, f (x) is the objective function of subsystem water shortage index, and SI is water shortage index, and N is that long series dispatches total year, ωagr For weight shared by agricultural water target, ωindFor weight shared by industrial water target, Dagr,j、Dind,jRespectively subsystem The gross water requirement of agricultural water target, industrial water target, W in jagr,j、Wind,jFor subsystem to agricultural, work in j The total supply of industry;
    3.2) system always abandons the objective function of water:
    Wherein, f'(x) it is the objective function that system always abandons water, SUjTo abandon water in j, M is water user's total number, RaiFor The fraction of water user i, αi、βiRespectively penalty coefficient, the α when water user i is unsatisfactory for fraction requirementi1 is taken, otherwise takes 0, β when super collapse dept occurs when water user i supplies wateri1 is taken, otherwise takes 0, PS_A, PS_B are respectively sufficiently large punishment amount;
    4th step is optimized the objective function of joint water supply dispatching model, is obtained relatively optimal connection using multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithm Close scheduling rule.
  2. The method for allocating tasks 2. a kind of complicated multi-reservoir according to claim 1 supplies water jointly, which is characterized in that described Relatively optimal combined dispatching rule is that water shortage index minimum, the total abandoning water of system of subsystems are minimum in 4th step.
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