CN105824756A - Automatic detection method and system of outmoded demand on basis of code dependency relationship - Google Patents
Automatic detection method and system of outmoded demand on basis of code dependency relationship Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic detection method of an outmoded demand on the basis of a code dependency relationship. The automatic detection method comprises the following steps: 1) comparing differences between a new version and an old version of a code, and identifying a code change element which affects demands; 2) introducing other code elements which intensively depend on the code change element on an aspect of structure in the code to establish a change domain; 3) extracting description information of the code element to form a change domain description text; 4) finding an approximate candidate outmoded demand set associated with a code change; 5) utilizing a voting algorithm based on a similarity value to generate the sorting of the approximate candidate outmoded demand set. According to the automatic detection method, through the analysis of the code dependency relationship, the context information of the code change is supplemented so as to improve precision generated during outmoded demand detection, and the method can be automatically executed. The invention also comprises an automatic detection system of the outmoded demand on the basis of the code dependency relationship.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to computer software area of maintenance, be specifically related to a kind of out-of-date demand automatic testing method based on code dependence and system, it is possible to efficiently, automatization and after detecting code change exactly, potential demand is by the demand entity of synchronized update.
Background technology
During software version update, valuable for offer knowledge is carried out help system attendant and is completed maintenance work by a up-to-date requirements specification.It is true that requirements specification can solve release system realizes logic behind, the key component in prominent system, help attendant's prehension program.
But, when software system updates, attendant needs each requirement documents in demands on examination document library one by one, and judges how whether requirement documents by synchronized update, and should be updated, and this needs to pay substantial amounts of human cost.Therefore, attendant's generally only more fresh code and do not upgrade demand, this will cause the out-of-date of demand and lose efficacy.Out-of-date demand refers to no longer reflect in requirements specification the demand that stakeholder is currently needed for.
At present, out-of-date demand automatic testing method based on information retrieval, it is possible to automatically go out in document library may need by the requirement documents of synchronized update for system maintenance personal identification, thus reduce the time cost identifying out-of-date demand.In existing automated detection method, will be from changing extracting keywords code, description text as change, utilize information retrieval technique, by change text and demand text are carried out Keywords matching, can position the demand high with changing text similarity, then this time code update is deemed likely to relevant with target requirement, and target requirement needs by synchronized update.But, owing to information retrieval method exists the problem of vocabulary mismatch, the effect of the method depends critically upon the language material quality of change text, and existing method, when structure change text, defines the change part only resting on code for text message.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of out-of-date demand automatic testing method based on code dependence, improve accuracy and the coverage rate of Aulomatizeted Detect, a kind of out-of-date demand automatic checkout system based on code dependence is provided simultaneously.
Owing to the realization of a certain particular demands is to have been cooperated by the multiple code elements being distributed in source program, therefore there is the context code information of strong dependence with change code, can be equally used for supplementing the description text of change.A kind of based on code dependence the out-of-date demand automatic testing method of the present invention, by code analysis dependence, the description text of structure code change.It comprises the following steps:
Step 1, compares the difference between new and old edition code, identifies the change code element wherein affecting demand；
Step 2, if existence change code element, then based on change code element, according to code dependence, with tight other code element relied in change code element structure in introducing code, structure changes territory；
If there is not change code element, then terminate flow process；
Step 3, for each change territory, extracts the description information of all code elements in change territory, forms the description text in change territory；
Step 4, collects the description text in all change territories, forms change territory text collection；By calculating change territory text collection and the similarity of legacy version code requirements set, find the approximation candidate out-of-date requirements set relevant to changing code element；
Step 5, utilizes voting algorithm based on Similarity value, generates the sequence of the approximation out-of-date requirements set of candidate.
Being further characterized by step 1 of technique scheme, by the code of relatively new and old two versions, identifies the code element that change occurs between two versions, and the granularity of code element is function or territory.The code as candidate that increases newly or delete of these code elements is changed.Then, filter change relevant with renaming operation in the code change of candidate, obtain the change code element of the demand that affects.The change code element set affecting demand between new and old edition is designated as C={c1,c2,…,cn, a change code element is designated as c=<ElementID, ChangeType, ElementTyp>, wherein ElementID is unique mark of change code element.ChangeType represents the type (newly-increased or deletion) of change, and ElementType represents the granularity (function or territory) of change code element.
Step 2 of the present invention comprises the following steps:
Step 2.1, according to the call relation between function, can be that the system source code generating function of a certain version calls dependency graph, and function call dependency graph is made up of V and E, and wherein V is the set on summit, and the element v in V represents a function；E is the set on limit, the element e=<source, target in E>, source, target ∈ V, representative function source there occurs function target is called.According to the computing formula of compactness principle, the compactness of dependence edge e is:
Wherein OutDegree_e.source represents the out-degree of summit source, and InDegree_e.target represents the in-degree of summit target.Thus can calculate in new and old edition complementary tight angle value between code element respectively.
Step 2.2, on the function call dependency graph of system, arranges compactness threshold value k, deletes the tight angle value dependence edge less than k, is divided into by the function call dependency graph that complete and has the subgraph of strong dependence between some code elements.Being the change code element of function for each code element granularity in set C, obtain this change code element place and rely on by force subgraph, what change code element constituted this change code element together with other elements in subgraph initially changes territory.
Step 2.3, if existence function calls dependence between two change code elements, then merges into a new change territory by the most affiliated initial change territory.After merging, if the initial change territory that there is change code element that granularity is function and this element only comprises one element of itself, then this change code element is put under and have in the change territory that the daughter element quantity of class belonging to this function is most.Then, for the change code element that granularity is territory, if this territory is by the function reference in any change territory, then this territory is put under in the change territory of correspondence, for not by the territory of function reference in any change territory, constructing a new change territory with these field elements.
In step 3 of the present invention, for each code element in change territory, according to its granularity and the difference in source, extract corresponding key word, add the description text in this change territory.Take out word rule as follows:
If 1. code element granularity is function, and for element that is newly-increased or that delete, then extracting the function name of this function, parameter name, the annotation of function, the class name of class belonging to function and annotation are as key word.
If 2. code element granularity is function, and being already present element in legacy version code, then extract the function name of this function, parameter name, the class name of class belonging to function is as key word.
3. if code element granularity is territory, then extracting the domain name in this territory, the class name of class belonging to territory and annotation are as key word.
Step 4 of the present invention comprises the following steps:
Step 4.1, describes text to change territory and legacy version code demand text carries out Text Pretreatment, and process includes that word removes stop words, lemmatization and stem and extracts.Particularly, text is described for the change territory of extraction from code, need first to carry out participle according to variable naming rules such as hump nomenclatures.
Step 4.2, based on information retrieval technique, calculates change territory and describes the text similarity between text collection and legacy version code demand text collection.As a example by vector space model, will change text and demand text high dimension vector q, r represent, the weight of the corresponding word of each dimension w in vector, weight w can calculate with TF-IDF formula.For two high dimension vectors of q, r, available COS distance calculates the cosine similarity between vector.
Step 5 of the present invention comprises the following steps:
Step 5.1, according to known change territory, the Similarity value between text collection and legacy version code demand text collection is described, for each the demand text in the approximation out-of-date requirements set of candidate, add up itself and the Similarity value of each change territory text in the text collection of described change territory, as the PTS of this demand.
Step 5.2, by requirements set by the PTS flashback arrangement of demand, as the final sequence of the approximation out-of-date requirements set of candidate.
Moreover, it relates to a kind of out-of-date demand automatic checkout system based on code dependence, including:
User interactive module, for providing the requirement documents storehouse of legacy version code, the code of new and old edition to detecting system；Including edition management system integration module and graphical interfaces integration module；
Code release comparison module, for identifying the code change between version；
Code relies on static analysis module, the dependence between code analysis, obtains change code element and has the context code information of strong dependence with change code element；
Change domain construction and text abstraction module, be used for forming change territory text collection；
Retrieval module, for being calculated the sequence of the approximation out-of-date demand of candidate.
The method have the advantages that the present invention is when the out-of-date demand that Aulomatizeted Detect is potential, by code analysis dependence, introduce and change code and have the contextual information of strong dependence, improve the precision of out-of-date demand automatic testing method, also maintain the increasingly automated of detection method simultaneously.The system that the present invention relates to is integrated with version control system Github phase, the same version providing graphic interface, has high availability and is widely applied prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of a kind of based on code dependence the out-of-date demand automatic testing method of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of based on code dependence the out-of-date demand automatic checkout system of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 be the embodiment of the present invention new and old edition between the difference of code element；
Fig. 4 is the code dependence graph of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the keyword extraction rule of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the change text collection similarity matrix with demand text collection of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the sequence of the approximation out-of-date demand of candidate of the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
With detailed description of the invention the present invention done below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and further illustrates, the present invention above-mentioned or otherwise advantage will become apparent.
With reference to Fig. 1, for a kind of based on code dependence the out-of-date demand automatic testing method of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of based on code dependence the out-of-date demand automatic checkout system structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention, including user interactive module, code release comparison module, code relies on static analysis module, change domain construction and text abstraction module, retrieve module.Wherein user interactive module includes: edition management system integration module and graphical interfaces integration module.In order to contribute to the system maintenance librarian use present invention, by integrated with the Open Source Code storehouse of current main flow and version control system Github phase for the present invention.For the open source projects in a Github, attendant only need to provide the Github address of project, the relative address in requirement documents storehouse, and specify the version number (CommitID) of new and old two versions, system, by demand out-of-date to detect possibility for the technology automatically performing the present invention, provides approximation candidate's out-of-date demand sequence to attendant.Meanwhile, system also provides for the version of a graphic interface, and the technology of the present invention also can be applied to arbitrary local project by attendant.
As seen from Figure 2, user provides the requirement documents storehouse of legacy version code to detecting system, the code of new and old edition, the code change that detecting system is capable of identify that between version, and automatically analyze the dependence between code, obtain change code element and have the context code information of strong dependence with change code element, and being calculated the sequence of the approximation out-of-date demand of candidate.
Embodiment one
Come how means of interpretation performs below by a specific example.As a example by open source system AquaLush, AquaLush is an irrigation system controlled by software, can automatically adjust irrigation output based on parameters such as the humidity that user provides, water consumptions.Assuming, in certain code update once, to have increased log recording function newly for AquaLush, this function can record the historical operation of user, if user is to certain region humidity, the setting etc. of water consumption, and provides a log panel to show daily record.According to following steps perform method, it is possible to for system maintenance personnel provide approximation the out-of-date demand of candidate sequence:
Step 1, by the set that the code analysis of new and old two versions is code element (function and territory), identifies code element that is newly-increased between two versions or that delete.Further, by comparing the editing distance of change code element, filter change relevant with renaming operation in the code change of candidate, obtain the change code element of the demand that affects.Fig. 3 is that code element that is newly-increased between two versions of AquaLush or that delete is it is considered to be affect the change code element of demand.
Step 2, owing to the change code element in Fig. 3 is newly-increased code element, therefore according to the call relation between function, for the function call dependency graph of the system source code generation system of redaction.According to compactness principle, calculate the compactness of dependence edge in function call dependency graph, compactness threshold value k=0.7 is set, delete the tight angle value dependence edge less than threshold value k, the function call dependency graph that one complete is divided into and between some code elements, has the subgraph of strong dependence, as shown in Figure 4, the solid line limit in figure represents that the compactness of dependence edge is more than threshold value k, and the dotted line limit in figure represents that the tight angle value of dependence edge is less than threshold value k.For function that in Fig. 3, each is newly-increased, obtaining this change code element place and rely on by force subgraph, what change code element constituted this change code element together with other code elements in subgraph initially changes territory.As shown in Figure 4, the most having obtained 3 initial change territories, the code element number in each change territory is 2.
Further, call dependence owing to existing between function createItems and addEvent, then merge the change territory belonging to both.After merging, there is not the initial change territory changing code element and this element that granularity is function and only comprise one element of itself, therefore without merging existing change territory further.Then, for change code element log and events that granularity is territory, by the adduction relationship between static analysis function and territory, learn and function createItems refer to territory log, function addEvent refer to territory events, therefore territory log being put under in the change territory at function createItems place, territory events puts under in the change territory at function addEvent place.So far, all change code elements are all distributed at least one change territory, complete the structure changing territory and merge.
Step 3, according to the keyword abstraction rule shown in Fig. 5, for each code element in change territory, according to its granularity and the difference in source, extracts corresponding key word, adds the description text in this change territory.Such as, in the change territory that function buildLogScrn function initializeScreens is constituted, to newly-increased function buildLogScrn, it should extract the function name of this function, parameter name, the annotation of function, the class name of class belonging to function and annotation, as key word, to function initializeScreens already present in legacy version code, then extract the function name of this function, parameter name is as key word, and belonging to function, the class name of class is as key word.From function buildLogScrn function initializeScreens, the key word of extraction constitutes the description text in this change territory.
Step 4, the demand text that change territory describes text and legacy version code carries out Text Pretreatment, and process includes that word removes stop words, lemmatization and stem and extracts.Particularly, text is described for the change territory of extraction from code, need first to carry out participle according to variable naming rules such as hump nomenclatures.Such as, for function name initializeScreens, it is first initialize and screens according to hump regular partition, then carries out lemmatization and stem extracts, respectively obtain init and screen.For pretreated change territory text and demand text, utilizing vector space model to calculate the similarity between text, Fig. 6 is the similarity matrix after calculating.
Step 5, for each demand, its demand text cumulative changes the Similarity value of territory text with each, as the PTS of this demand.In Fig. 6, demand SRS238 and change territory 1, the similarity in change territory 2 is respectively 0.65 and 0.25, after cumulative for Similarity value, demand SRS238 must be divided into 0.9.With reference to Fig. 7, each demand is arranged by its PTS flashback, as the final sequence of the approximation out-of-date demand of candidate.In this embodiment, coming demand SRS238 in front three in desk checking, the approximation out-of-date demand of candidate, SRS237 is potential out-of-date demand, illustrates that this method has higher accuracy rate and coverage.
Although the present invention is open as above with preferred embodiment, but it is not for limiting the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, technical solution of the present invention is made possible variation and amendment to any those skilled in the art by the method and the technology contents that may be by the disclosure above.Therefore, every content without departing from inventive technique scheme, refer to, to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification, belong to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention according to the technology of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an out-of-date demand automatic testing method based on code dependence, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
Step 1, compares the difference between new and old edition code, identifies the change code element wherein affecting demand；
Step 2, if there is described change code element, then based on described change code element, according to code dependence, introduce in code with other code element of closely relying in described change code element structure, structure change territory；
If there is not described change code element, then terminate flow process；
Step 3, for each change territory, extracts the most each code element and describes information accordingly, forms change territory and describes text；Collect all described change territories and describe text, form change territory text collection；
Step 4, calculates the similarity of described change territory text collection and legacy version code requirements set, obtains the approximation candidate out-of-date requirements set relevant to described change code element；
Step 5, utilizes voting algorithm based on Similarity value, generates the sequence of the approximation out-of-date requirements set of candidate, terminates flow process.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 1 specifically includes following steps:
Step 1.1, by comparing the code of new and old edition, identifies the code element that change occurs between two versions, the change of these code elements is changed as the code of candidate；
Step 1.2, filters change relevant with renaming operation in the code change of candidate, to obtain the described change code element of the demand that affects.
Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the ID of described change code element is unique mark；The granularity of described change code element is function or territory；The type of change includes newly-increased and deletes.
4., according to the method described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that in step 2, if there is described change code element, specifically include following steps:
Step 2.1, call relation based on function, the function call dependency graph of the described change code element of structure new and old edition, calculate the tight angle value relied between code element in new and old edition respectively；
Step 2.2, for described change code element, compactness threshold value is set, finds for the described change code element that each granularity is function and tighten the density value code element more than compactness threshold value with its structure, it is referred to as the code element having strong dependence, constitutes and initially change territory；
Step 2.3, if there being strong dependence between the described change code element that two granularities are function, then merges into a new change territory by the initial change territory belonging to each；
For the described change code element that granularity is territory, if by cited in the function in any one change territory, then being put under in the change territory of correspondence；If not by cited in the function in any initial change territory, then this type of described change code element being constructed a new change territory.
Method the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that function call dependency graph is made up of V and E, wherein V is the set on summit, and the element v in V represents a function；E is the set on limit, the element e=<source, target in E>, source, target ∈ V, representative function source there occurs function target is called, the compactness of dependence edge e is:
Wherein OutDegree_e.source represents the out-degree of summit source, and InDegree_e.target represents the in-degree of summit target, thus can calculate the tight angle value relied between code element in new and old edition respectively.
Method the most according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that for each code element in change territory, according to its granularity and the difference in source, extract corresponding key word, add the description text in this change territory；The rule of extracting keywords is:
If code element granularity is function, and it is described change code element, then extracts the class name of class belonging to the function name of this function, parameter name, the annotation of function, function and annotate as key word；
If code element granularity is function, and it not described change code element, then extract the class name of class belonging to the function name of this function, parameter name, function as key word；
If code element granularity is territory, then extracts the class name of class belonging to the domain name in this territory, territory and annotate as key word.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 4 specifically includes following steps:
Step 4.1, described change territory is described text and legacy version code demand text carries out Text Pretreatment, remove stop words, lemmatization and stem including word and extract, text is described for the described change territory of extraction from code, first carries out participle according to variable naming rule；
Step 4.2, based on information retrieval technique, calculate the text similarity between described change territory text collection and legacy version code demand text collection: by described change territory text collection and legacy version code demand text collection high dimension vector q, r represents, the weight of the corresponding word of each dimension w in vector, for two high dimension vectors of q, r, utilize COS distance to calculate the cosine similarity between vector, obtain the approximation candidate out-of-date requirements set relevant to described change code element.
Method the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that step 5 comprises the following steps:
Step 5.1, according to the Similarity value between described change territory text collection and legacy version code demand text collection, for each the demand text in the described approximation out-of-date requirements set of candidate, add up itself and the Similarity value of each change territory text in the text collection of described change territory, as the PTS of this demand；
Step 5.2, presses PTS flashback arrangement by the described approximation out-of-date requirements set of candidate, as the final sequence of the described approximation out-of-date requirements set of candidate.
9. an out-of-date demand automatic checkout system based on code dependence, it is characterised in that including:
User interactive module, for providing the requirement documents storehouse of legacy version code, the code of new and old edition to detecting system；
Code release comparison module, for identifying the code change between version；
Code relies on static analysis module, the dependence between code analysis, obtains change code element and has the context code information of strong dependence with change code element；
Change domain construction and text abstraction module, be used for forming change territory text collection；
Retrieval module, for being calculated the sequence of the approximation out-of-date demand of candidate.
System the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described user interactive module includes: edition management system integration module and graphical interfaces integration module.
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