CN105817092A - Hollow fiber membrane type air purifier - Google Patents

Abstract

The hollow fiber membrane air purifier is mainly composed of hollow fiber membrane modules, activated carbon cartridges and fans. The housing of the membrane module has a hole network structure, which is conducive to air circulation, and the fan is located above to provide a proper negative pressure for the hollow fiber membrane module. The gas enters the membrane module from around the shell, is filtered by the hollow fiber membrane, and then is sent out by the fan after being filtered by the activated adsorption carbon. The structure of the equipment is simple, the membrane module can be cleaned and used repeatedly, and the activated adsorption carbon has catalytic oxidation ability and can be used repeatedly. The purifier has lower manufacturing cost and use cost, and is beneficial to popularization of the purifier.

Description

Hollow Fiber Membrane Air Purifier

technical field

The invention relates to a membrane separation air purifier, in particular to an air purifier which uses a membrane separation and sieving mechanism to separate gas and solid particles to purify polluted air.

technical background

Among the smog weather phenomena, people are most concerned about PM2.5. PM2.5 and PM10 refer to inhalable particulate pollutants, which are two important air quality detection indicators. This type of particulate matter contains various chemical components and is also a carrier of bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms.

At present, the air purifiers on the market include mechanical filter purification, electrostatic dust collection purification, negative ion purification, etc. in terms of purification of solid pollutants. From the perspective of purifying gaseous pollutants, there are also principles such as adsorption purification and photocatalytic oxidation. These purification technologies have their own shortcomings. For example, the service life of the filter elements of mechanical filter screen purification and adsorption purification is short, and they need to be replaced periodically, which increases the cost of use. Another example is electrostatic dust collection purification and negative ion purification, which are prone to secondary pollution, and the manufacturing process of the purifier is complicated and the manufacturing cost is relatively high.

PM10 and PM2.5 refer to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than or equal to 10 microns and 2.5 microns, respectively. Hollow fiber membranes with filter pore sizes can be designed to filter out these particulate pollutants by using a sieving mechanism. Moreover, the hollow fiber membrane can be cleaned and used repeatedly, which solves the disadvantage of replacing the filter element of ordinary filter element air purifiers. Photocatalytic oxidation activated adsorption carbon also has a self-cleaning function, which can reduce the user's use cost. As the core components of filtration, the cost of hollow fiber membrane and activated carbon is relatively low, which overcomes the disadvantages of high cost of some existing air purifiers.

There is also a class of purifiers that use hollow fiber membranes to purify air, such as the patent application number 201310542752.6 "Air Purification Method and Device Based on Membrane Separation Technology and Water Washing Purification". In the way of gas, solid particle pollutants are deposited in the inner cavity of the membrane, and new membrane components need to be replaced regularly, resulting in an increase in the cost of use. Another example is the patent application No. 201320046259.0 "a kind of blast air purifier", which does not consider the filter pore size of the hollow fiber membrane, the moisture in the air clogging the membrane pores, and the dust adsorption membrane wall is difficult to clean, etc., and filter The method is single and cannot filter gaseous pollutants.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to combine two purification methods, use the hollow fiber membrane screening mechanism to filter solid pollutants in the air, and use activated adsorption carbon to filter gaseous pollutants. The structure is simple and can be used repeatedly.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a hollow fiber membrane air cleaner, including a fan, activated adsorption carbon, and hollow fiber membrane modules. The perforated mesh casing outside the module is used as the air inlet of the purifier, and the membrane module, activated carbon box and fan are sealed and connected in sequence. The air can only enter from the outside of the fiber membrane module, after being filtered, it is finally discharged by the fan.

The fan is a DC turbo fan or other centrifugal fans that can provide negative pressure, located above the equipment, and the air inlet is sealed and connected with the activated adsorption carbon box to provide appropriate negative pressure for the hollow fiber membrane module. There is a dust collection box under the hollow fiber membrane module, and the solid particles blocked outside by the hollow fiber membrane can settle and collect in the collection box. The hollow fiber membrane material used has antistatic and hydrophobic properties, and the hollow fiber membrane coated with nano-coating can also be used. The function of nano-coating is antistatic and hydrophobic. When the hollow fiber membrane with a filter pore size of 1-2 microns is used, it can filter larger solid pollutants such as PM2.5 and PM10, and can ensure the maximum gas passing efficiency, reduce the load of the fan and shorten the working time of the purifier. In addition, a hollow fiber membrane with a filter pore size of 0.1-1 micron or a smaller filter pore size can also be used. At this time, some bacteria and other smaller harmful particles in the air can be filtered, and the filtering effect is better, but the gas permeability is relatively weakened. The air filtered by the hollow fiber membrane enters the activated adsorption carbon box under the negative pressure of the fan, and the gaseous pollutants are filtered out in the activated adsorption carbon box. The filtered clean air is discharged from the air outlet on the side of the fan. The activated adsorption carbon box, the hollow fiber membrane module, and the dust collection box are all detachable devices for easy disassembly and cleaning. There are sound-absorbing materials in the air outlet of the fan and the air supply duct, which can absorb part of the noise of the fan.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the purification efficiency of particle pollutants is high, and the hollow fiber membrane adopted in the present invention has the characteristics of large specific surface area, so that the purifier has a large purification area with a small volume. It can be used for a long time, adopts the physical screening mechanism of membrane separation, and the antistatic function can prevent dust from being adsorbed on the surface of the membrane, and the hydrophobicity can prevent moisture in the air from clogging the membrane pores, all of which make the hollow fiber membrane module have no material loss during use. Economical, the invention has simple structure and low manufacturing cost; the hollow fiber membrane can be cleaned, prolonging the service life and reducing the use cost. No secondary pollution, physical purification principle, no secondary pollution during the purification process. The filter solid particle size range is large, and the pore size of the hollow fiber membrane can be designed. The pore size of about 1 micron can filter PM2.5 and PM10 and other aerodynamic particle pollutants.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an air purifier;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the outer surface of the air cleaner;

Fig. 3 is a top view of a hollow fiber membrane module;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of hollow fiber membranes;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of hollow fiber membrane filtration;

Fig. 6 is a top view of the bottom structure of the purifier.

In the figure: 1. Fan motor and circuit module, 12. Turbo fan, 13. Fan outlet, 2. Closed outer shell, 3. Hole mesh shell, 4. Dust collection functional area, 41 Dust collection box, 5 . Hollow fiber membrane module, 51. Hollow fiber membrane thread, 52. Hollow fiber membrane thread fixing device, 53. Hollow fiber membrane module fixing latch, 511. Hollow fiber membrane can be designed with membrane holes, 512. Antistatic property and hydrophobicity The membrane body, 513, hollow fiber membrane cavity, 6, active adsorption carbon box.

detailed description

As shown in Figure 1, after the purifier is energized, the motor 1 works to drive the 12 turbofans to rotate, and the air in the body is removed from the 13 air outlets, and the air is generated on the surface of the fan work area and the activated carbon adsorption function area formed by the closed shells 2 and 6. Negative pressure.

Further, the negative pressure generated by the fan acts on the hollow fiber membrane filaments 51 to drive 513 the air in the hollow fiber membrane cavity to be discharged.

As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, driven by the negative pressure of the air, the unfiltered air from outside enters the outside of the membrane module through the 3-hole mesh shell, and the gas passes through the designable membrane holes of the 511 hollow fiber membrane and enters the cavity of the 513 hollow fiber membrane, and then The gaseous pollutants are filtered by 6 activated carbon cartridges and discharged by the turbo fan. At this time, the discharged air is filtered air.

At this time, solid particles are blocked outside the 512 antistatic and hydrophobic membrane. Due to its hydrophobicity and antistatic properties, the 511 hollow fiber membrane can be designed so that the membrane pores will not be blocked by moisture in the air and are blocked outside the membrane. Solid particle pollutants will not be adsorbed on the surface of the 512 antistatic and hydrophobic membrane.

Further, the solid particle pollutants will settle to the 4 dust collection functional areas after being sieved by the hollow fiber membrane.

41 The dust collection box can be taken out for easy cleaning.

The 52 hollow fiber membrane fixing device has 53 hollow fiber membrane module fixing teeth, which are convenient for unlocking and disassembly, and the 5 hollow fiber membrane module can be taken out and cleaned for repeated use.

Claims (7)

1. a hollow fiber film type air purifier, it is characterized in that, use special hollow fiber film assembly (5) as the filter medium of solid granulates pollutant, use activated carbon as the adsorbing medium of gaseous contaminant, depurator includes: blower fan (1), the hole mesh casing (3) of air inlet, composite active adsorbent carbon box (6), hollow fiber film assembly (5) and dust collecting function district (4).

Hollow fiber film type air purifier the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the hollow-fibre membrane pore size filter used micro-filtration membrane between 0.1-1 micron, membrane material itself has hydrophobicity and antistatic behaviour, or has antistatic and hydrophobic coating on hollow-fibre membrane surface.

Hollow fiber film type air purifier the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the filter type of hollow-fibre membrane is interior negative-pressure type, the solid contaminant of filtration will not be accumulated in hollow-fibre membrane inner chamber.

Hollow fiber film type air purifier the most according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described hollow-fibre membrane is the materials such as the Kynoar of modification, politef, polrvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyaniline, modification is characterized as hydrophobicity and antistatic behaviour, or the fibrous membrane of other hydrophobic antistatic high polymer materials.

A kind of film separating air purifier the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described blower fan is turbine type blower fan or centrifugal fan.

A kind of film separating air purifier the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described hollow fiber film assembly, composite active adsorbent carbon box are and can arrange by disassembled simply.

A kind of film separating air purifier the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described composite active adsorbent carbon is activated carbon or itself and nano-titanium oxide composite photocatalyst purification body structure, or other combined types catalysis oxidized form composite active adsorbent carbon.