CN105813366A - Novel operation method of high power klystron with anode and anode power supply device - Google Patents

Novel operation method of high power klystron with anode and anode power supply device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105813366A
CN105813366A CN201410836369.6A CN201410836369A CN105813366A CN 105813366 A CN105813366 A CN 105813366A CN 201410836369 A CN201410836369 A CN 201410836369A CN 105813366 A CN105813366 A CN 105813366A
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anode
resistance
klystron
high power
cathode
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饶军
卢波
康自华
王明伟
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Southwestern Institute of Physics
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Southwestern Institute of Physics
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Abstract

The present invention discloses a novel operation method of a high power klystron with an anode. The method comprises a step of using the cathode power supply of the high power klystron to control beam current, a step of using the cathode power supply of the high power klystron to supply power to the anode of the high power klystron in a voltage dividing bias mode, and step of setting an anode to cathode resistor between the anode and the cathode power supply, and setting an anode to ground resistor between the anode and the ground. The invention also discloses anode power supply device with the high power klystron with an anode. According to the novel operation method of a klystron and the anode power supply device, the normal working of the klystron in a cathode modulation mode can be realized, thus the use of an anode demodulator can be avoided, an anode power supply system is simplified, the stability of the system is improved, and the cost is reduced.

Description

There is novel operation method and the anode supply device of the high power klystron of anode
Technical field
The present invention relates to plasma heating technical field, particularly relate to the novel operation method of a kind of high power klystron with anode, the present invention also provides for the anode supply device with the high power klystron of anode.
Background technology
Lower hybrid wave system is that in the research of magnetic confinement fusion plasma, a kind of important electric current drives and auxiliary heater means, in lower hybrid wave system, generally uses high power klystron to obtain High-Power Microwave.High power klystron is that a kind of microwave amplifies electron tube, and it produces beam electronic current to realize microwave output by electron gun, in order to protect the safety of high power klystron, in system operation exception situation, need to cut off at a high speed beam electronic current.
In the evolution of high-power microwave tubes, successively develop two kinds of beam electronic current control modes to realize the fast shut-off of beam electronic current: anode modulation and cathode modulation:
Anode modulation technology takes shape in the eighties in 20th century, is limited to power technology level at that time, it is impossible to rapidly switch off the beam electronic current of tens of peace.In order to solve this problem, develop the electron gun of triode-type, namely between negative electrode and earth potential, introduce anode.Anode potential scalable beam electronic current size.When anode potential is identical with cathode potential, not having accelerating field between the anode and cathode, beam electronic current is ended.When anode potential is higher than cathode potential, but time lower than earth potential, between negative electrode and anode, there is accelerating field, beam electronic current can be formed.Anode potential height can control beam electronic current size.On the other hand, electron beam is retrained by additional focusing magnetic field, only has only small a part of beam bombardment anodic formation anode current.Anode current is typically in mA magnitude.Technical merit at that time, it may be achieved small area analysis, high-tension is quickly switched on and off, so realize High-Power Microwave tube beam current restraint defencive function soon.Such high-power microwave tubes, generally uses the anode modulation device based on electrovacuum tetrode and provides anode voltage.Owing to electrovacuum tetrode is nonlinear device, the feedback control system that anode modulation device usually introduces complexity is stable to realize anode voltage, and the introducing of the controls system of complexity can the stability of influential system operation.Along with the development of Power Electronic Technique, high-voltage cathodes power supply has been likely to fast shut-off beam electronic current, namely uses cathode high voltage power supply to control beam electronic current, and this beam electronic current control mode is called cathode modulation.
Present stage, still have for various reasons and a large amount of new produce or adopting anode modulation mode with old high merit microwave tube, thus the control system complex brought of this anode modulation mode, system stability is bad and construction cost is high problem exist.
Summary of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that it is the control system equipment complexity of the existing klystron with anode, less stable, problem that construction cost is high, and then provide and a kind of can be greatly simplified the structure of control system, improve system stability, the novel operation method reducing the high power klystron with anode of cost and anode supply device.
When klystron adopts cathode modulation, namely anode becomes a unnecessary part, but owing to anode is in the inside of klystron, produce its structure once klystron just cannot change, if changing the modulation system of this kind of anode modulation klystron into cathode modulation, can simplified anode electric power system, now, need to be equipped with new electric power system to anode, being commonly understood by according to this area, as long as electric power system can provide the suitable voltage klystron just can normal operation to anode, but inventor have found that be far from so simple, inventor attempted multiple anode supply method, all cannot make high power klystron normal operation, through groping research for a long time, verification experimental verification, this problem is never solved, last inventor is for above-mentioned technical problem, propose following technical scheme:
The novel operation method of a kind of high power klystron with anode, comprises the following steps:
The cathode power using described high power klystron controls beam electronic current;
Adopt the cathode power of described high power klystron with the bias pressure mode anode supply to described high power klystron: anode to be set between described anode and described cathode power to cathode resistor, anode resistance to earth is set between described anode and ground.
Preferably, cathode resistor and/or described anode resistance to earth are taken from high-voltage bleeder by described anode, described high-voltage bleeder includes being layered the specified high-power high voltage resistance of the dozens of being arranged on High-Voltage Insulation plate, and it is furnished with shorting stub, the adjustment to cathode resistor and/or the resistance of described anode resistance to earth of the described anode is realized, thus cathode resistor and/or described anode resistance to earth being set in required resistance described anode by described shorting stub shorted section resistance.
Preferably, after described high power klystron normal operation, adopt described shorting stub to change the quantity and the different valued resistor of conversion accessing resistance, finely tune the resistance of described anode resistance to earth, the output performance of described high power klystron is optimized.
Preferably, described High-Voltage Insulation plate is epoxy plate.
Preferably, sample resistance is sealed between the anode of dividing point and described high power klystron, the voltage at the two ends of described sample resistance is the incoming measurement system realization measurement to the electric current flowing through described anode after carrying out voltage-frequency conversion by voltage-frequency conversion module, when flowing through the controller of described anode, the cathode power of described high power klystron rapidly switches off the power supply to described anode and negative electrode.
Preferably, adopt 100kV isolating transformer to described voltage-frequency conversion module for power supply.
Preferably, the cathode power of described high power klystron adopts pulse step modulation power source.
The present invention also provides for the anode supply device of a kind of high power klystron with anode, cathode power including high power klystron, adopt the cathode power of described high power klystron with the bias pressure mode anode supply to described high power klystron: to be provided with anode between described anode and described cathode power to cathode resistor, be provided with anode resistance to earth between described anode and ground.
Preferably, cathode resistor and/or described anode resistance to earth are taken from high-voltage bleeder by described anode, described high-voltage bleeder includes being layered the specified high-power high voltage resistance of the dozens of being arranged on High-Voltage Insulation plate, and it is furnished with shorting stub, the adjustment to cathode resistor and/or the resistance of described anode resistance to earth of the described anode is realized, thus cathode resistor and/or described anode resistance to earth being set in required resistance described anode by described shorting stub shorted section resistance.
Preferably, after described high power klystron normal operation, adopt described shorting stub to change the quantity and the different valued resistor of conversion accessing resistance, finely tune the described anode resistance to cathode resistor and/or described anode resistance to earth, the output performance of described high power klystron is optimized.
Preferably, described High-Voltage Insulation plate can be epoxy plate.
Preferably, sample resistance is sealed between the anode of dividing point and described high power klystron, the voltage at the two ends of described sample resistance is the incoming measurement system realization measurement to the electric current of described anode after carrying out voltage-frequency conversion by voltage-frequency conversion module, when flowing through the controller of described anode, the cathode power of described high power klystron rapidly switches off the power supply of antianode and negative electrode.
Preferably, adopt 100kV isolating transformer to described voltage-frequency conversion module for power supply.
Preferably, the cathode power of described high power klystron adopts pulse step modulation power source.
Beneficial effects of the present invention is as follows:
The new operation method of the klystron of the present invention and anode supply device, it is possible to realize klystron normal operation under cathode modulation mode such that it is able to avoid using anode modulation device, simplified anode electric power system, improve the stability of system, reduce cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the electrical equipment connection figure of the novel operation method of the high power klystron with anode of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the operation oscillogram of the high power klystron of the operation method adopting the present invention;
In figure:
1-cathode power, 2-anode are to cathode resistor, 3-sample resistance, 4-anode resistance to earth, 5-negative electrode, 6-anode, 7-collector, 8-voltage-frequency conversion module, 9-100kV isolating transformer.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further illustrated.
The novel operation method of the high power klystron with anode of the present invention, comprises the following steps, and its electrical equipment connects figure referring to accompanying drawing 1:
The cathode power 1 using high power klystron controls beam electronic current;
The cathode power 1 adopting high power klystron is powered to the anode 6 of high power klystron in bias pressure mode: arranges anode between anode 6 and cathode power 1 to cathode resistor 2, arranges anode resistance to earth 4 between anode and ground.
The present invention also provides for the anode supply device of a kind of high power klystron with anode, its electrical equipment connects figure with reference to Fig. 1, cathode power 1 including high power klystron, the cathode power 1 adopting high power klystron is powered to the anode 6 of high power klystron in bias pressure mode: is provided with anode between anode 6 and cathode power 1 to cathode resistor 2, is provided with anode resistance to earth 4 between anode 6 and ground.
Under the method or apparatus of the present invention, the anode of klystron and negative electrode have same power supply to power, anode voltage and cathode voltage are opened simultaneously and cut off, thus, the present invention not only need not arrange anode modulation device on hardware, simplifies structure, and also simpler in sequential, traditional method is that anode voltage declines together with cathode voltage, and then anode voltage is gradually increasing and sets up beam electronic current.After electric discharge terminates, anode voltage drops to and cathode voltage isoelectric level, turns off line, and then anode declines together with cathode voltage.Sequential relative complex, the method anode of the present invention and cathode voltage be raising and lowering simultaneously, it is not necessary to complicated sequencing contro equipment.
nullWhy inventor adopts technique scheme,Be because inventor it have been investigated that,Why when providing suitable voltage to anode, klystron still cannot work,The anode current being because klystron has its particularity: namely the anode current of klystron is made up of two parts,One is form, to anode, the electric current flowing into anode from some bombardment of the beam electronic current of emission of cathode,Another is owing to bombarding the electric current flowing out anode that the secondary caused causes,And in order to ensure the safety of klystron,Anode current needs to be limited in smaller scope,This is accomplished by above-mentioned two electric current and reaches in a basic balance,To ensure less anode current,Simultaneously,Owing to absolute balance is extremely difficult to,Therefore anode always there will be the electric current of inflow and is higher than the situation of the electric current flowed into higher than the electric current of the electric current flowed out or outflow,Thus causing the sense of current of anode to change.Inventor thinks that the above-mentioned particularity just because of klystron anode makes general power supply mode cannot meet requirement, inventor proposes technical scheme according to this thinking, adopt bias pressure mode to anode supply, so that it can make the electric current flowing out anode and inflow anode reach good balance, and this power supply mode can adapt to the change in anode current direction.
nullOwing to the cathode high voltage of klystron can reach tens of kilovolt,This just requires that cathode resistor 2 and anode resistance to earth 4 must just be had higher insulating properties by anode,And instantaneous large-current can be produced in klystron electric discharge moment,So that cathode resistor 2 and anode resistance to earth 4 moment are subject to bigger impact by anode,This is accomplished by this two resistance and has good resistance to pressure,In order to reach above-mentioned requirements,The invention provides a kind of high-voltage bleeder,This high-voltage bleeder includes being layered the specified high-power high voltage resistance of the dozens of being arranged on High-Voltage Insulation plate,And it is furnished with shorting stub,Partial ohmic on high-voltage bleeder as anode to cathode resistor 2,Partial ohmic accesses circuit as anode resistance to earth 4,The anode adjustment to cathode resistor 2 and/or the resistance of anode resistance to earth 4 is realized by shorting stub shorted section resistance,Thus cathode resistor 2 and/or anode resistance to earth 4 are set in required resistance by anode.The arranging of this high-voltage bleeder can conveniently adjust anode to the all-in resistance of cathode resistor 2 and anode resistance to earth 4 and dividing point, and anode voltage is minimum for cathode voltage, is up to earth potential.When being embodied as, it is possible to high-voltage bleeder comprises the high-power high voltage resistance that 60 rated power is 300W, and single resistance is pressure more than 2.3kV, comprise 3.3k resistance 10,1k resistance 10,3.9k resistance 40, and according to high power klystron operating point, select dividing point.
The setting of the high-voltage bleeder in the present invention, can also implement function such as: after high power klystron normal operation, shorting stub is adopted to change the quantity and the different valued resistor of conversion accessing resistance, near high power klystron operating point, finely tune the resistance of anode resistance to earth 4, the output performance of high power klystron is optimized.
In high-voltage bleeder, the High-Voltage Insulation plate as supporting construction can be epoxy plate, and resistance can divide 10 layers of three-dimensional installation, utilizes space length to realize High-Voltage Insulation, and potentiometer is pressure reaches 80kV.
In order to measure anode current, sample resistance 3 is sealed between dividing point (namely Fig. 1 Anodic is to the position between cathode resistor 2 and anode resistance to earth 4) and the anode of high power klystron, it can be such as the sample resistance of 200 Ω, the voltage at the two ends of sample resistance 3 passes through incoming measurement system after voltage-frequency conversion module 8 carries out voltage-frequency conversion and realizes the measurement of the electric current of antianode, when flowing through the controller of anode, the cathode power 1 of high power klystron rapidly switches off antianode 6 and the power supply of negative electrode 5, to ensure high power klystron safety.This voltage to frequency convert module 8 can adopt AD650JNZ chip, in order to prevent anode 6 power-up peak current from damaging this module, it is possible to be provided with 10V Zener diode at input.
In the present invention, it is possible to adopt 100kV isolating transformer 9 to voltage-frequency conversion module for power supply, it is achieved cathode high voltage and power supply grid and isolation.
In the present invention, the cathode power 1 of high power klystron is required to realize the function of fast shut-off beam electronic current, such as can select to adopt pulse step modulation power source, when being embodied as, may require that pulse step modulation power source maximum output voltage 60kV, maximum output current is more than 30A, and the time that rapidly switches off, the energy discharged by load in fast switch-off processes was less than 10J less than 10 μ s.
Fig. 2 is the discharge waveform figure of the high power klystron of the operation method adopting the present invention.Wherein Q1_Uk is cathode voltage, and Q1_Ua is anode voltage, and Q1_Ik is beam electronic current, and Q1_Ia is anode current.Anode resistance to earth is 30k Ω, and cathode voltage is-52.5kV.Anode voltage enters into steady-state discharge state after first experiencing the transient process of about 100 μ s.When cathode voltage declines, anode voltage drops to-26kV, fall is more than partial pressure value-9kV, peak anode current reaches 600mA,, for flowing into anode, namely after the beam bombardment anode of emission of cathode, discharged rapidly by anode resistance to earth in direction, then anode voltage is reduced to partial pressure value, enters stable state.Stable state anode current is less than 10mA.Adopt as can be seen from Figure 2 the operation method of the present invention or anode supply device klystron can normal operation, and duty is good, and this has also confirmed inventor's correctness to the analysis conclusion of klystron anode particularity.
To sum up, the present invention simplifies high-power microwave source to a certain extent, it is to avoid due to the anode modulation device based on nonlinear device, improves the safety and reliability of Lower Hybrid and significantly reduces cost.

Claims (10)

1. the novel operation method of a high power klystron with anode, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
The cathode power (1) using described high power klystron controls beam electronic current;
The cathode power (1) adopting described high power klystron is powered to the anode (6) of described high power klystron in bias pressure mode: arranges anode between described anode (6) and described cathode power (1) to cathode resistor (2), arranges anode resistance to earth (4) between described anode (6) and ground.
2. there is the novel operation method of the high power klystron of anode as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: cathode resistor (2) and/or described anode resistance to earth (4) are taken from high-voltage bleeder by described anode, described high-voltage bleeder includes being layered the specified high-power high voltage resistance of the dozens of being arranged on High-Voltage Insulation plate, and it is furnished with shorting stub, the adjustment to cathode resistor (2) and/or the resistance of described anode resistance to earth (4) of the described anode is realized by described shorting stub shorted section resistance, thus cathode resistor (2) and/or described anode resistance to earth (4) are set in required resistance by described anode.
3. there is the novel operation method of the high power klystron of anode as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: after described high power klystron normal operation, described shorting stub is adopted to change the quantity and the different valued resistor of conversion accessing resistance, finely tune the resistance of described anode resistance to earth (4), the output performance of described high power klystron is optimized.
4. there is the novel operation method of the high power klystron of anode as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: described High-Voltage Insulation plate is epoxy plate.
5. there is the novel operation method of the high power klystron of anode as according to any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterized in that: between the anode (6) of dividing point and described high power klystron, seal in sample resistance (3), after the voltage at the two ends of described sample resistance (3) carries out voltage-frequency conversion by voltage-frequency conversion module (8), incoming measurement system realizes the measurement to the electric current flowing through described anode (6), when flowing through the controller of described anode (6), the cathode power (1) of described high power klystron rapidly switches off the power supply to described anode (6) and negative electrode (5).
6. there is the novel operation method of the high power klystron of anode as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: adopt 100kV isolating transformer (9) to power to described voltage-frequency conversion module (8).
7. there is the novel operation method of the high power klystron of anode as described in claim 1,2,3,4 or 6, it is characterised in that: the cathode power (1) of described high power klystron adopts pulse step modulation power source.
8. the anode supply device of a high power klystron with anode, cathode power (1) including high power klystron, it is characterized in that: adopt the cathode power (1) of described high power klystron to power to the anode (6) of described high power klystron in bias pressure mode: to be provided with anode between described anode (6) and described cathode power (1) to cathode resistor (2), be provided with anode resistance to earth (4) between described anode (6) and ground.
null9. there is the anode supply device of the high power klystron of anode as claimed in claim 8,It is characterized in that: cathode resistor (2) and/or described anode resistance to earth (4) are taken from high-voltage bleeder by described anode,Described high-voltage bleeder includes being layered the specified high-power high voltage resistance of the dozens of being arranged on High-Voltage Insulation plate,And it is furnished with shorting stub,The adjustment to cathode resistor (2) and/or the resistance of described anode resistance to earth (4) of the described anode is realized by described shorting stub shorted section resistance,Thus cathode resistor (2) and/or described anode resistance to earth (4) are set in required resistance by described anode,After described high power klystron normal operation,Described shorting stub is adopted to change the quantity and the different valued resistor of conversion accessing resistance,Finely tune the described anode resistance to cathode resistor (2) and/or described anode resistance to earth (4),The output performance of described high power klystron is optimized,Described High-Voltage Insulation plate can be epoxy plate.
10. there is the anode supply device of the high power klystron of anode as described in claim 8 or 9, it is characterized in that: between the anode (3) of dividing point and described high power klystron, seal in sample resistance (3), the voltage at the two ends of described sample resistance (3) passes through incoming measurement system after voltage-frequency conversion module (8) carries out voltage-frequency conversion and realizes the measurement of the electric current to described anode (6), when flowing through the controller of described anode (6), the cathode power (1) of described high power klystron rapidly switches off antianode (6) and the power supply of negative electrode (5), 100kV isolating transformer (9) can be adopted to power to described voltage-frequency conversion module (8), the cathode power (1) of described high power klystron can adopt pulse step modulation power source.
CN201410836369.6A 2014-12-29 2014-12-29 Novel operation method of high power klystron with anode and anode power supply device Pending CN105813366A (en)

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CN1079335A (en) * 1992-03-28 1993-12-08 亚瑞亚·勃朗勃威力有限公司 Electron beam device
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