CN105810859A - Secondary battery top cap and secondary battery - Google Patents

Secondary battery top cap and secondary battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105810859A
CN105810859A CN201610351415.2A CN201610351415A CN105810859A CN 105810859 A CN105810859 A CN 105810859A CN 201610351415 A CN201610351415 A CN 201610351415A CN 105810859 A CN105810859 A CN 105810859A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
fire
retardant
secondary cell
box body
lamina tecti
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Granted
Application number
CN201610351415.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN105810859B (en
Inventor
王宗源
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Jiangsu Contemporary Amperex Technology Ltd
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610351415.2A priority Critical patent/CN105810859B/en
Publication of CN105810859A publication Critical patent/CN105810859A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/147Lids or covers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/16Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The utility model relates to a secondary battery top cap and secondary battery, wherein, the secondary battery top cap includes the lamina tecti, explosion-proof valve and fire-retardant device, the explosion-proof hole has been seted up on the lamina tecti, explosion-proof valve sets up on the lamina tecti and sealed explosion-proof hole, fire-retardant device is located the below at the lamina tecti and corresponds the explosion-proof valve setting, leave exhaust passage between fire-retardant device and the explosion-proof valve, fire-retardant device includes fire-retardant box body and fire retardant, fire-retardant box body has the cavity, the fire retardant setting is in the cavity, when fire-retardant box body reaches the melting point, fire-retardant box body melts and releases the. The application provides a secondary cell top cap and secondary cell have the flame retardant device of fire retardant through the setting, and when the battery was unexpected and produced a large amount of gases and the temperature sharply rose because charge improper, short circuit, striking or expose in adverse circumstances such as high temperature, flame retardant device was heated and is melted and releases its built-in fire retardant to electric core inside to reduce the flammability of electrolyte, improved the security performance of battery.

Description

A kind of secondary cell top cover and secondary cell
Technical field
The application relates to technical field of lithium ion, particularly relates to a kind of secondary cell top cover that can be effectively improved battery safety and secondary cell.
Background technology
Along with the enhancing of socioeconomic development Yu people's environmental consciousness, chargeable secondary cell is elected as power supply by increasing electric equipment, such as electric tool, energy storage station and electric automobile etc..This application being chargeable secondary cell provides wide space with development.Due to electric automobile and energy storage station etc. it is generally required to use jumbo lithium-ion-power cell as power supply, but Large Copacity also implies that excessive risk.When battery due to charge improper, short-circuit, clash into or be exposed to the adverse circumstances such as high temperature occur unexpected time, high-octane battery will produce substantial amounts of gas and temperature sharply raises, a large amount of high-temperature gases carry out pressure release by explosion-proof valve, very easily cause second accident, the security performance of battery can not get powerful guarantee, brings great threat to the life security of people.
Existing mainly employing for this problem adds fire retardant in the electrolyte of battery, fire retardant can reduce the combustibility of electrolyte, but directly fire retardant is added and the chemical property of battery can be negatively affected in the electrolytic solution, affect the normal operation of battery.Therefore, need a kind of secondary cell that can be effectively improved battery safety of exploitation badly, to solve the problems referred to above that prior art exists.
Summary of the invention
This application provides a kind of secondary cell top cover and secondary cell, it efficiently solves and directly fire retardant is added the problem affecting secondary cell chemical property in the electrolytic solution.
This application provides a kind of secondary cell top cover, including lamina tecti, explosion-proof valve and fire-retarding device, described lamina tecti offers explosionproof hole, described explosion-proof valve is arranged on described lamina tecti and seals described explosionproof hole, described fire-retarding device is located at lower section and the setting of corresponding described explosion-proof valve of described lamina tecti, exhaust passage is left between described fire-retarding device and described explosion-proof valve, described fire-retarding device includes fire-retardant box body and fire retardant, described fire-retardant box body has cavity, described fire retardant is arranged in described cavity, when described fire-retardant box body reaches fusing point, described fire-retardant box body melts and discharges described fire retardant.
Preferably, the bottom surface of described fire-retardant box body is provided with weak area, and the thickness of described weak area is less than the thickness of the described bottom surface at its place.
Preferably, described weak area is the deep gouge being arranged on described bottom surface.
Preferably, described fire-retardant box body includes back box and lid, and described cavity is surrounded by described back box and described lid, and is sealingly disposed in described cavity by described fire retardant.
Preferably, described back box and described lid are integral type structure, and described fire-retardant box body also includes sealing-plug, and described lid offers through hole, and described sealing-plug seals described through hole.
Preferably, described lid also includes positioning convex, and described positioning convex is arranged on the described lid side towards described cavity, and the edge of corresponding described cavity arranges so that described lid is by described positioning convex and described back box location.
Preferably, described back box also includes epitaxy part, and described epitaxy part is extended to form along the direction being parallel to lamina tecti by the edge of described back box, and described epitaxy part is provided with passage.
Preferably, described epitaxy part is provided with hole clipping, and described lamina tecti is correspondingly arranged buckle, and described fire-retardant box body is fixed on described lamina tecti by the cooperation of described buckle and described hole clipping.
Preferably, also including liquid injection hole and boss, described liquid injection hole and described boss and arrange on described lamina tecti, described boss is arranged on the top of described lamina tecti around described explosionproof hole.
A kind of secondary cell, described secondary cell includes battery core and above-mentioned secondary cell top cover.
The technical scheme that the application provides can reach following beneficial effect:
Secondary cell top cover provided herein and there is the secondary cell of this secondary cell top cover the fire-retarding device with fire retardant is arranged on the lower section of explosion-proof valve, battery due to charge improper, short-circuit, clash into or be exposed to and the adverse circumstances such as high temperature occur unexpected and produce substantial amounts of gas and when temperature sharply raises, the internal gas produced of battery core is discharged in time by explosion-proof valve, its built-in fire retardant is also discharged to battery core by fire-retarding device melted by heat, thus reducing the combustibility of electrolyte, improve the security performance of battery.
It should be appreciated that above general description and details hereinafter describe and be merely illustrative of, the application can not be limited.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation one that the fire-retarding device that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present application coordinates with lamina tecti;
The structural representation two that the fire-retarding device that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present application coordinates with lamina tecti;
The decomposing schematic representation figure that the fire-retarding device that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present application coordinates with lamina tecti;
The structural representation of the fire-retarding device that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present application;
The structural representation of the secondary cell that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present application.
1, battery core;2, battery cap;21, lamina tecti;211, explosionproof hole;212, buckle;22, explosion-proof valve;23, fire-retarding device;231, fire-retardant box body;2311, cavity;2312, weak area;2313, back box;2314, lid;2314a, positioning convex;2314b, epitaxy part;2314c, passage;2314d, hole clipping;2315, sealing-plug;232, fire retardant;24, exhaust passage;25, liquid injection hole;26, boss.
Accompanying drawing herein is merged in description and constitutes the part of this specification, it is shown that meet embodiments herein, and for explaining the principle of the application together with description.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by specific embodiment and in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the application is described in further detail."front", "rear" in literary composition, "left", "right", " on ", D score is all with the laying state of the secondary cell top cover in accompanying drawing for reference.
Secondary cell can because of charge improper, be shorted or exposed to accident occurs the adverse circumstances such as high temperature, simultaneously can produce substantial amounts of gas in battery core 1 and temperature sharply raises, a large amount of high-temperature gases, carrying out pressure release by explosion-proof valve 22, very easily cause second accident.Generation in order to avoid second accident, prior art is many is directly appended to fire retardant 232 in the electrolyte of battery core 1, fire retardant 232 can effectively reduce the combustibility of electrolyte, improve the security performance of battery core 1, but in battery core 1, directly add fire retardant 232 there is also bigger drawback, the various complexity of fire retardant 232 composition, directly added and the chemical property of battery can be impacted in the electrolytic solution, as very easily produced gas etc. under nominal situation environment, and then affect the security performance of battery.
nullThe fire retardant 232 adverse effect to the chemical property of battery is directly added in the electrolytic solution in order to overcome,As Figure 1-5,This application provides a kind of secondary cell top cover 2,It includes lamina tecti 21、Explosion-proof valve 22 and fire-retarding device 23,Lamina tecti 21 offers explosionproof hole 211,Explosion-proof valve 22 is arranged on lamina tecti 21 and sealed explosion-proof hole 211,Fire-retarding device 23 is located at the lower section of lamina tecti 21 and corresponding explosion-proof valve 22 is arranged,Fire-retardant in time can either can stop when explosion-proof valve 22 is opened that again the Mars produced inside battery core 1 together sprays with gas,Avoid causing second accident,Exhaust passage 24 is left between fire-retarding device 23 and explosion-proof valve 22,It is easy to battery core 1 extremely broken through by explosion-proof valve 22 by exhaust passage 24 release because temperature raises the gas produced,This exhaust passage 24 is connected with the space below explosion-proof valve 22,Guarantee that gas can pass through exhaust passage 24 and be circulated to below explosion-proof valve 22,Thus discharging gas in time,Avoid because fire-retarding device 23 stops that explosion-proof valve 22 hinders the circulation of the gas produced because of high temperature inside battery core 1 even to discharge,And then the danger blasted.
The application can either utilize fire-retarding device 23 that solid Mars granule is effectively stopped, the exhaust passage 24 structure high-efficiency exhaust between fire-retarding device 23 and explosion-proof valve 22 can be utilized again, reducing battery core 1 inside causes intrinsic pressure rising to cause the risk of blast because of exhaust efficiency deficiency, improves the security performance of lithium ion battery.And fire-retarding device 23 is arranged on lamina tecti 21 will not take the space within battery core 1, because top cover and battery core 1 are accomplished by leaving certain distance in initial loading timing, therefore, the fire-retarding device 23 being arranged on top cover is not result in the energy density of battery to be reduced, fire-retarding device 23 includes fire-retardant box body 231 and fire retardant 232, fire-retardant box body 231 has cavity 2311, fire retardant 232 is arranged in cavity 2311, fire retardant 232 is encapsulated in fire-retardant box body 231, it is not directly appended in electrolyte, when fire-retardant box body 231 reaches fusing point, fire-retardant box body 231 melts and discharges fire retardant 232, thus in normal conditions, the chemical property of battery will not be adversely affected, further increase the security performance of secondary cell.
Further, the bottom surface of the fire-retardant box body 231 of the application is provided with weak area 2312, and the thickness of weak area 2312 is less than the thickness of the bottom surface at its place.nullWhen the temperature of battery core 1 is increased to the fusing point of fire-retardant box body 231 and explosion-proof valve 22 is not broken through because of the gas of temperature rising generation by battery core 1,The inside of release fire retardant 232 to battery core 1 is melted in weak area 2312 first,Wherein,The preferred 0.05mm of thickness of weak area 2312,The preferred 0.1mm of thickness in other region of fire-retardant box body 231,By arranging weak area 2312,When battery core 1 internal temperature reaches the fusing point of fire-retardant box body 231,Owing to other regions of the weak area 2312 more fire-retardant box body of thickness 231 are thinner,Weak area 2312 can rapid melting that the fire retardant 232 that it is built-in is gradually released to battery core 1 is internal at short notice,Weak area 2312 is evenly distributed on the bottom surface of fire-retardant box body 231,The release making electrolyte is more uniform,The fire retardant 232 being uniformly discharged in electrolyte effectively reduces the combustibility of electrolyte,Avoid secondary cell to burn because of improper use and even explode.
Concrete, in this application, weak area 2312 is preferably arranged on the deep gouge on bottom surface.Deep gouge simple in construction, it is simple to fabrication and processing.
In an embodiment of the application, fire-retardant box body 231 includes back box 2313 and lid 2314, and cavity 2311 is surrounded by back box 2313 and lid 2314, and is sealingly disposed in cavity 2311 by fire retardant 232.Lid 2314 and back box 2313 can be sealed by laser weld or ultrasonic bonding.
In another embodiment of the application, back box 2313 and lid 2314 are integral type structure, and fire-retardant box body 231 includes sealing-plug 2315, and lid 2314 is offered through hole, and sealing-plug 2315 seals through hole.The opening that the fire-retardant box body 231 of integral structure is easy to process and to be packaged is less, and sealing effectiveness is better.
For the ease of welding, the lid 2314 of the application also includes positioning convex 2314a, positioning convex 2314a is arranged on the lid 2314 side towards cavity 2311, and the edge of respective chamber 2311 arranges so that lid 2314 is positioned with back box 2313 by positioning convex 2314a.Positioning convex 2314a props up the edge of back box 2313 when lid 2314 covers in back box 2313 makes lid 2314 relatively back box 2313 to be moved, so realize lid 2314 and back box 2313 mate location.
Discharging smoothly for the ease of battery core 1 internal gas, the back box 2313 of the application also includes epitaxy part 2314b, epitaxy part 2314b and is extended to form along the direction being parallel to lamina tecti 21 by the edge of back box 2313, and epitaxy part 2314b is provided with passage 2314c.Owing to the corresponding explosion-proof valve 22 of fire-retarding device 23 is arranged, gas can also be discharged by the passage 2314c connected with exhaust passage 24 after release inside battery core 1, shortens the circulation path of gas, allows gas to enough discharge quickly.
For the ease of being fixed on lamina tecti 21 by fire-retardant box body 231, the epitaxy part 2314b of the application is provided with hole clipping 2314d, and lamina tecti 21 is correspondingly arranged buckle 212, and fire-retardant box body 231 is fixed on lamina tecti 21 by the cooperation of buckle 212 and hole clipping 2314d.
Owing to lamina tecti 21 is rectangle, width differs bigger with length, it is fixed on lamina tecti 21 for the ease of fire-retardant box body 231, preferably, the epitaxy part 2314b of the application can be arranged on, along the bearing of trend of lamina tecti 21, the two ends that cavity 2311 is relative, hole clipping 2314d is arranged on epitaxy part 2314b, the corresponding hole clipping 2314d of buckle 212 is arranged on lamina tecti 21, and extend towards near the direction of battery core 1, the fire-retardant box body 231 of back box 2313 is fixed on lamina tecti 21 buckle 212 by coordinating of shackle member and hole clipping 2314d.Fire-retardant box body 231 in the application is connected not only by snap fit is fixing with lamina tecti 21, it is also possible to realized the fixing connection of the two by other connected modes.
The melting range of the fire-retardant box body 231 of the application selects 80~150 DEG C, the fusing point of fire-retardant box body 231 is less than the housing of battery core 1, the isostructural fusing point of lamina tecti 21, when fire-retardant box body 231 reaches fusing point and occurs to melt, other structure of secondary cell still is able to keep its structure not melt.
The material of fire-retardant box body 231 can be plastics or low melting point metal material, concrete, and fire-retardant box body 231 can adopt polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) material.
Arranging on lamina tecti 21 additionally, the secondary cell of the application also includes liquid injection hole 25 and boss 26, liquid injection hole 25 and boss 26, boss 26 is arranged on the top of lamina tecti 21 around explosionproof hole 211.Explosion-proof valve 22 lamina tecti 21 explosionproof hole 211 explosionproof hole 211 boss 26 explosionproof hole 211 lamina tecti 21 battery core 1 is when secondary cell injects electrolyte by liquid injection hole 25, the electrolyte of outflow is likely to explosion-proof valve 22 and corrodes explosion-proof valve, the application blocks outflow electrolyte stream explosion-proof valve 22 by the boss 26 being arranged on lamina tecti 21 and corrodes explosion-proof valve 22, and the setting of boss 26 structure can also strengthen the intensity of lamina tecti 21.Broken through by gas for the ease of explosion-proof valve 22, explosion-proof valve 22 can also arrange indentation.
Present invention also provides a kind of secondary cell with above-mentioned secondary cell top cover 2, the fire-retarding device 23 with fire retardant 232 is arranged on the lower section of explosion-proof valve 22 by this secondary cell, battery due to charge improper, short-circuit, clash into or be exposed to and the adverse circumstances such as high temperature occur unexpected and produce substantial amounts of gas and when temperature sharply raises, the internal gas produced of battery core 1 is discharged in time by explosion-proof valve 22, the fire retardant 232 that it is built-in is also discharged to battery core 1 internal by fire-retarding device 23 melted by heat, thus reducing the combustibility of electrolyte, improve the security performance of battery.
These are only the preferred embodiment of the application, be not limited to the application, for a person skilled in the art, the application can have various modifications and variations.All within spirit herein and principle, any amendment of making, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the protection domain of the application.

Claims (10)

1. a secondary cell top cover, it is characterized in that, including lamina tecti, explosion-proof valve and fire-retarding device, described lamina tecti offers explosionproof hole, described explosion-proof valve is arranged on described lamina tecti and seals described explosionproof hole, described fire-retarding device is located at lower section and the setting of corresponding described explosion-proof valve of described lamina tecti, exhaust passage is left between described fire-retarding device and described explosion-proof valve, described fire-retarding device includes fire-retardant box body and fire retardant, described fire-retardant box body has cavity, described fire retardant is arranged in described cavity, when described fire-retardant box body reaches fusing point, described fire-retardant box body melts and discharges described fire retardant.
2. secondary cell top cover according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the bottom surface of described fire-retardant box body is provided with weak area, the thickness of described weak area is less than the thickness of the described bottom surface at its place.
3. secondary cell top cover according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described weak area is the deep gouge being arranged on described bottom surface.
4. secondary cell top cover according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fire-retardant box body includes back box and lid, described cavity is surrounded by described back box and described lid, and is sealingly disposed in described cavity by described fire retardant.
5. secondary cell top cover according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described back box and described lid are integral type structure, described fire-retardant box body also includes sealing-plug, and described lid offers through hole, and described sealing-plug seals described through hole.
6. secondary cell top cover according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described lid also includes positioning convex, and described positioning convex is arranged on the described lid side towards described cavity, and the edge of corresponding described cavity arranges so that described lid is by described positioning convex and described back box location.
7. the secondary cell top cover according to any one of claim 4-6, it is characterised in that described back box also includes epitaxy part, described epitaxy part is extended to form along the direction being parallel to lamina tecti by the edge of described back box, and described epitaxy part is provided with passage.
8. secondary cell top cover according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described epitaxy part is provided with hole clipping, described lamina tecti is correspondingly arranged buckle, and described fire-retardant box body is fixed on described lamina tecti by the cooperation of described buckle and described hole clipping.
9. secondary cell top cover according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include liquid injection hole and boss, described liquid injection hole and described boss and arrange on described lamina tecti, described boss is arranged on the top of described lamina tecti around described explosionproof hole.
10. a secondary cell, it is characterised in that described secondary cell includes the secondary cell top cover described in battery core and any one of claim 1-9.
CN201610351415.2A 2016-05-24 2016-05-24 Secondary battery top cap and secondary battery Active CN105810859B (en)

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CN109585724A (en) * 2017-09-29 2019-04-05 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 Vehicle and its battery case, battery modules, battery, cell support core
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CN110021727A (en) * 2018-01-10 2019-07-16 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 One-way vent valve, secondary battery's top cap subassembly and secondary battery
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CN113488729A (en) * 2020-07-31 2021-10-08 惠州市合盈科技有限公司 Lithium battery with flame retardant effect
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CN114069148A (en) * 2020-07-30 2022-02-18 哲弗智能系统(上海)有限公司 Explosion-proof valve and calculation method of flow area of injection structure
CN114944530A (en) * 2022-06-30 2022-08-26 凤凰新能源(惠州)有限公司 Flame-retardant and explosion-proof polymer lithium ion battery
CN116387714A (en) * 2023-06-05 2023-07-04 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 End cover assembly, energy storage device and electric equipment
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