CN105809629B - A kind of point spread function number estimation method and system - Google Patents
A kind of point spread function number estimation method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105809629B CN105809629B CN201410838462.0A CN201410838462A CN105809629B CN 105809629 B CN105809629 B CN 105809629B CN 201410838462 A CN201410838462 A CN 201410838462A CN 105809629 B CN105809629 B CN 105809629B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of point spread function number estimation method and system, including：The holes of at least two regular shapes is set on the uniform board-like material with setting thickness, and at least one diameter in the hole is more than the size of system single detector, and at least one diameter in the hole is less than the size of system single detector；The board-like material is imaged, the subregion in each hole is extracted according to the image information of imaging；Point spread function is estimated by the subregion in each hole, using the hole pattern picture after the degeneration in hole described in the point spread function calculating, point spread function is obtained by iterative search optimizing according to the hole pattern picture after the degeneration.The present invention is significantly improved to the estimated accuracy of point spread function, and high degree of automation, using simple.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to perspective imaging technical field more particularly to a kind of point spread function number estimation method and systems.
Background technology
In fluoroscopy imaging system, often it is present with the image ambiguity as caused by movement and crosstalk, to image vision
Effect and inspection personnel observe picture material and find that the suspicious region in image affects.The picture quality of system
Degeneration can be approximated to be a point spread function (PSF, Point Spreading Function) to the convolution of image, if being
Point spread function unite it is known that deblurring processing can be carried out to image by some image restoration technologies, so as to obtain clearly
Image.On the other hand, the quantitative description of point spread function in itself can as an important indicator of evaluation system image quality,
By the way that its in-depth analysis instruction can also be provided for the improvement of system software hardware.
In order to improve picture quality and analysis image causes for Degradation, it is necessary to the point spread function of estimating system.But previous
Method of estimation in, most of is for Visible imaging system, such as typical Cepstrum Method, variation Bayesian Method, sparse constraint
Optimal method etc..These methods are all for general pattern, and not using specific device, estimated accuracy is poor, and most of sides
Method calculating speed is very slow.And generally require accurately known test device and system for the method for X-ray imaging system
Some parameters, such as width, the radius in hole, the physical size, etc. of detector stitched.If test device design it is unreasonable or
Machining accuracy is not high, be easy to cause estimation inaccuracy, and calculating process is also more complicated.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of point spread function number estimation method and system, is estimated with solving point spread function in the prior art
The technical issues of estimated accuracy of method is not high.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of point spread function number estimation method, including：
The holes of at least two regular shapes is set on the uniform board-like material with setting thickness, in the hole at least
The diameter of one is more than the size of system single detector, and at least one diameter in the hole is less than system single detector
Size；
The board-like material is imaged, the subregion in each hole is extracted according to the image information of imaging；
Point spread function is estimated by the subregion in each hole, utilizes moving back for hole described in the point spread function calculating
Hole pattern picture after change obtains preferred point spread function according to the hole pattern picture after the degeneration by iterative search.
Further,
The board-like material is metal；
And/or the hole is circular and/or regular polygon.
Further, it is described to the board-like material carry out imaging include：
Ray incident angle is vertical with the board-like material during imaging.
Further, the subregion that each hole is extracted according to the image information of imaging includes：
It is automatically positioned according to the image information of imaging using adaptive gray threshold and extracts the subregion in each hole.
Further, the subregion by each hole estimates that point spread function includes：
Utilize two-way independent Gaussian Profile approximation point spread function.
Further, the hole pattern picture according to after the degeneration obtains preferred point spread function bag by iterative search
It includes：
According to the hole image configuration energy function after the degeneration, using gradient descent method to every in the energy function
A free parameter obtains preferred point spread function by iterative search.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of point spread function estimating system, including：
Board-like material, the board-like material are the uniform board-like material with setting thickness, set at least two rule above
The then hole of shape, at least one diameter in the hole are more than the size of system single detector, and at least one in the hole
A diameter is less than the size of system single detector；
For being imaged to the board-like material, the son in each hole is extracted according to the image information of imaging for extraction unit
Region；
Estimation unit for passing through the subregion in each hole estimation point spread function, utilizes the point spread function
The hole pattern picture after the degeneration in the hole is calculated, preferred point spread function is obtained by iterative search according to the hole pattern picture after the degeneration
Number.
Further,
The board-like material is metal；
And/or the hole is circular and/or regular polygon.
Further, the extraction unit is used for：
The board-like material is imaged in the case where ray incident angle is vertical with the board-like material.
Further, the extraction unit is used for：
It is automatically positioned according to the image information of imaging using adaptive gray threshold and extracts the subregion in each hole.
Further, the estimation unit is used for：
Two-way independent Gaussian Profile approximation point spread function is utilized by the subregion in each hole.
Further, the estimation unit is used for：
According to the hole image configuration energy function after the degeneration, using gradient descent method to every in the energy function
A free parameter obtains preferred point spread function by iterative search.
As it can be seen that in point spread function number estimation method provided by the present invention and system, to the estimation essence of point spread function
Degree is significantly improved, and high degree of automation, using simple.In addition to scan image, without manual intervention, area is automatically performed
Each processes such as domain positioning, parameter calculating, chess game optimization；Robustness is good, adaptive ability is strong.It is integrated using multiple regions excellent
Change, by the influence of noise very little in single region；Relatively low to the Physical Processings required precision such as material thickness, aperture size, algorithm exists
Optimal area grayscale value maximum and pore size can be searched in optimization process automatically.It is fast to perform speed.Due to a diffusion
Approximation to function is gaussian shape, and a large amount of deconvolution operations are not required in estimation procedure, and processing speed is significantly improved.
Description of the drawings
It in order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is this hair
Some bright embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can be with root
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the basic procedure schematic diagram of point spread function number estimation method of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a preferred embodiment flow diagram of 1 point spread function number estimation method of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is distribution schematic diagram of the hole of the embodiment of the present invention 1 on board-like material；
Fig. 4 is imaging schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1 to board-like material；
Fig. 5 is the bore region mask images schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is extracted；
Fig. 6 is the fuzzy core schematic diagram of the point spread function estimated by the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 7 is the embodiment of the present invention 1 obtained according to estimation 4 preferably the hole pattern without degeneration as schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 be the embodiment of the present invention 14 holes in each hole actual measurement blurred picture schematic diagram；
Fig. 9 is that each hole is calculated according to preferred point spread function fuzzy core and perfect apertures image in the embodiment of the present invention 1
Composograph schematic diagram；
Figure 10 is the structure diagram of point spread function estimating system in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Specific embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
Part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
All other embodiments obtained without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of point spread function number estimation method first, referring to Fig. 1, including：
Step 101：The hole of at least two regular shapes, the hole are set on the uniform board-like material with setting thickness
In at least one diameter be more than the size of system single detector, at least one diameter in the hole is less than system list
The size of a detector；
Step 102：The board-like material is imaged, the subregion in each hole is extracted according to the image information of imaging；
Step 103：Point spread function is estimated by the subregion in each hole, utilizes the point spread function calculating institute
The hole pattern picture after the degeneration in hole is stated, preferred point spread function is obtained by iterative search according to the hole pattern picture after the degeneration.
Optionally, board-like material can be the big material of metal isodensity, such as lead, copper, iron, steel, board-like material can
With thin with certain thickness, but as far as possible；The hole can be various regular shapes, such as circular and/or equilateral triangle, square
Regular polygon.
Optionally, described be imaged to the board-like material can include：Ray incident angle and the plate during imaging
Shape material is vertical, to improve the estimated accuracy of function.
Optionally, the subregion that each hole is extracted according to the image information of imaging can include：According to the figure of imaging
As the adaptive gray threshold of Information Pull is automatically positioned and extracts the subregion in each hole.
Optionally, the subregion by each hole estimates that point spread function can include：Utilize two-way independence
Gaussian Profile approximation point spread function.
Optionally, the hole pattern picture according to after the degeneration obtains preferred point spread function by iterative search and can wrap
It includes：According to the hole image configuration energy function after the degeneration, using gradient descent method in the energy function it is each from
Corresponding two-way standard deviation criteria is obtained by iterative search by parameter, to obtain preferred point spread function, and can be obtained each
The brightness maxima of bore region and effective pore radius.
Embodiment 1：
The embodiment of the present invention 1 is provided to be estimated using one piece of progress point spread function of the uniform board-like material with mass thickness
The method of meter, referring to Fig. 2, including：
Step 201：The circular hole of 4 regular shapes is set on uniform board-like material.
In this step, the mass thickness that can be 160mm*160mm in size is 30g/cm3Uniform steel sheet on, bore 4
Diameter is respectively 3,5,7, the circular hole of 9mm, as shown in Figure 3.Wherein, the size of system single detector is about in the present embodiment
5mm, therefore, the diameter in different holes cover the size of system single detector, and method is accurate more conducively in the present embodiment
Estimation.
Step 202：Board-like material is imaged, it is automatically fixed using adaptive gray threshold according to the image information of imaging
Simultaneously extract the subregion in each hole in position.
As far as possible keep ray incident angle it is vertical with board-like material in the case of to contain round-meshed board-like material into
Row imaging, formed image is referring to Fig. 4.
It is then possible to the average and standard deviation of statistical picture, with average plus standard deviation be multiplied by a certain coefficient (such as average+
0.5 times of standard deviation) as threshold value, thresholding binary segmentation is carried out to image, obtains the position mask artwork of the subregion in each hole
Picture, as shown in Figure 5.Using mask images, the hole pattern obscured by system point spread function can be extracted from original image information
As that (rectangular area can be extracted in practical operation to each hole, and is intended along four border extensions, one pixel convenient for data
It closes).
Step 203：Point spread function is estimated by the subregion in each hole and then utilizes the point spread function meter
The hole pattern picture after the degeneration in the hole is calculated, preferred point spread function is obtained by iterative search according to the hole pattern picture after the degeneration
Number.
It, can be with two-way independent Gaussian Profile approximation point spread function, the situation for being 0 in center in this step
Under, it can estimate being distributed as point spread function PSF：
Wherein C be normalization coefficient, σx、σyThe respectively standard deviation in x directions and y directions.
To each hole, it is assumed that it is that a radius is r without degeneration ideal image, and gray scale is the circle of a, and the gray scale in hole is divided
Cloth can be denoted as：
Hole pattern picture after the degeneration then observed is：
G (x, y)=h (x, y) * f (x, y)+n (x, y) (3)
Wherein n (x, y) is random noise.
According to least square method, can construct energy function is：
Energy function J includes (2+2n) a free parameter, according to gradient descent method, applies a fixed step size to each parameter
Disturbance and calculate its differential, can obtain approximate derivative, optimum stepsize can be obtained by direction search of this derivative, so as to iteration
Search obtains optimized parameter.
Wherein by parameters (including σx,σy,ri,ai) uniformly it is denoted as pi, and total vector parameter is denoted as P={ pi,
The differential of parameters is uniformly denoted as diffi, derivative is uniformly denoted as gradi, total derivative vector is denoted as G={ gradi, this reality
Applying the optimization algorithm employed in example can be described as follows with pseudocode：
The parameter σ obtained according to iterative searchx,σy, you can preferred point spread function is calculated.
Point spread function number estimation method according to embodiments of the present invention 1, can realize to various fluoroscopy imaging systems
Point spread function is estimated.Fig. 6 is the fuzzy core of the point spread function obtained according to estimation, and Fig. 7 is 4 reasons obtained according to estimation
The hole pattern picture without degeneration thought.Fig. 8 is the blurred picture of the actual measurement in each hole in 4 holes, and Fig. 9 is each hole according to changing
The composograph that the preferred point spread function fuzzy core that is calculated of parameter that generation search obtains is calculated with perfect apertures image, can be with
Find out said two devices be very close to, illustrate that the method using the present embodiment 1 can preferably describe fuzzy core, and estimated
It is preferred that point spread function can reach preferable precision.
Embodiment 2：
The embodiment of the present invention 2 provides a kind of point spread function estimating system, referring to Figure 10, including：
Board-like material 1001, the board-like material are the uniform board-like material with setting thickness, set at least two above
The hole of a regular shape, at least one diameter in the hole are more than the size of system single detector, in the hole extremely
Diameter one few is less than the size of system single detector；
Extraction unit 1002 for being imaged to the board-like material 1001, extracts every according to the image information of imaging
The subregion in a hole；
Estimation unit 1003, for passing through the diffusion of the subregion estimation point in each hole that extraction unit 1002 is extracted
Function using the hole pattern picture after the degeneration in hole described in the point spread function calculating, passes through according to the hole pattern picture after the degeneration
Iterative search obtains preferred point spread function.
Optionally, board-like material 1001 can be metal；And/or the hole is circular and/or regular polygon.
Optionally, extraction unit 1002 can be used for：In the case where ray incident angle is vertical with the board-like material
The board-like material is imaged.
Optionally, extraction unit 1002 can be used for：It is automatic using adaptive gray threshold according to the image information of imaging
It positions and extracts the subregion in each hole.
Optionally, estimation unit 1003 can be used for：Two-way independent Gauss is utilized by the subregion in each hole
The approximate point spread function of distribution.
Optionally, estimation unit 1003 can be used for：According to the hole image configuration energy function after the degeneration, ladder is utilized
Degree descent method obtains preferred point spread function to each free parameter in the energy function by iterative search.
As it can be seen that in the point spread function number estimation method and system that are provided in the embodiment of the present invention, at least have has as follows
Beneficial effect：
1st, high degree of automation, using simple.In addition to scan image, without manual intervention, zone location, ginseng are automatically performed
Each processes such as number calculating, chess game optimization.
2nd, robustness is good, adaptive ability is strong.Using multiple regions complex optimum, by single region influence of noise very
It is small；Relatively low to the Physical Processings required precision such as material thickness, aperture size, algorithm can be searched for optimal automatically in optimization process
Area grayscale value maximum and pore size.
3rd, it is fast to perform speed.Since point spread function is approximately gaussian shape, a large amount of deconvolution behaviour are not required in estimation procedure
Make, processing speed is significantly improved.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：It still may be used
To modify to the technical solution recorded in foregoing embodiments or carry out equivalent substitution to which part technical characteristic；
And these modification or replace, do not make appropriate technical solution essence depart from various embodiments of the present invention technical solution spirit and
Scope.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of point spread function number estimation method, which is characterized in that including：
The holes of at least two regular shapes is set on the uniform board-like material with setting thickness, it is at least one in the hole
Diameter be more than the size of system single detector, at least one diameter in the hole is less than the ruler of system single detector
It is very little；
The board-like material is imaged, the subregion in each hole is extracted according to the image information of imaging；
Point spread function is estimated by the subregion in each hole, after the degeneration in hole described in the point spread function calculating
Hole pattern picture, preferred point spread function is obtained by iterative search according to the hole pattern picture after the degeneration.
2. point spread function number estimation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The board-like material is metal；
And/or the hole is circular and/or regular polygon.
3. point spread function number estimation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to be carried out to the board-like material
Imaging includes：
Ray incident angle is vertical with the board-like material during imaging.
4. point spread function number estimation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the image information according to imaging
Extracting the subregion in each hole includes：
It is automatically positioned according to the image information of imaging using adaptive gray threshold and extracts the subregion in each hole.
5. point spread function number estimation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the son by each hole
Region estimation point spread function includes：
Utilize two-way independent Gaussian Profile approximation point spread function.
6. point spread function number estimation method according to any one of claim 1 to 5, which is characterized in that described according to institute
The hole pattern picture after degenerating is stated to obtain preferred point spread function by iterative search and include：
According to the hole image configuration energy function after the degeneration, using gradient descent method in the energy function it is each from
Preferred point spread function is obtained by iterative search by parameter.
7. a kind of point spread function estimating system, which is characterized in that including：
Board-like material, the board-like material are the uniform board-like material with setting thickness, set at least two regular shapes above
The hole of shape, at least one diameter in the hole are more than the size of system single detector, at least one in the hole
Diameter is less than the size of system single detector；
For being imaged to the board-like material, the subregion in each hole is extracted according to the image information of imaging for extraction unit；
Estimation unit for passing through the subregion in each hole estimation point spread function, utilizes the point spread function calculating
Hole pattern picture after the degeneration in the hole obtains preferred point spread function according to the hole pattern picture after the degeneration by iterative search.
8. point spread function estimating system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：
The board-like material is metal；
And/or the hole is circular and/or regular polygon.
9. point spread function estimating system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the extraction unit is used for：
The board-like material is imaged in the case where ray incident angle is vertical with the board-like material.
10. point spread function estimating system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the extraction unit is used for：
It is automatically positioned according to the image information of imaging using adaptive gray threshold and extracts the subregion in each hole.
11. point spread function estimating system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the estimation unit is used for：
Two-way independent Gaussian Profile approximation point spread function is utilized by the subregion in each hole.
12. the point spread function estimating system according to any one of claim 7-11, which is characterized in that the estimation is single
Member is used for：
According to the hole image configuration energy function after the degeneration, using gradient descent method in the energy function it is each from
Preferred point spread function is obtained by iterative search by parameter.
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