CN105808475B - Address flip request emitter is isolated in low-power consumption based on prediction - Google Patents
Address flip request emitter is isolated in low-power consumption based on prediction Download PDFInfo
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- CN105808475B CN105808475B CN201610145188.8A CN201610145188A CN105808475B CN 105808475 B CN105808475 B CN 105808475B CN 201610145188 A CN201610145188 A CN 201610145188A CN 105808475 B CN105808475 B CN 105808475B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/14—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer
- G06F13/16—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to memory bus
- G06F13/1605—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to memory bus based on arbitration
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management
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Abstract
Address flip request emitter, including request unit, object element and arbitration unit are isolated in a kind of low-power consumption based on prediction, and in arbitration unit, address comparator is for comparing the address space whether request address hits some object element；The predicted value that access triggers device is used to be exported according to the comparison result and predicting unit of address comparator, can the access request of requests for arbitration unit be sent to object element, and generate terminal arbitration result；The request address of object element is sent in the predicted value that address overturning controller is used to be exported according to predicting unit, gating or isolation；Predicting unit, object element for predicting the hit of this access request according to request type, predicted value is exported to arbitration unit, and according to the comparison result of the address comparator in arbitration unit, and corresponding prediction algorithm, predicted value is corrected and is updated.The present invention avoids modification framework, avoids increasing resource, reduces system power dissipation, improving performance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of processors, are related to a kind of isolation address flip request emitter.
Background technology
Now on system on chip (SOC) platform, central processing unit (CPU) usually passes through instruction between external object unit
Carry out frequent data interaction.
To external unit access request when, generally require through arbitration unit, access to request address secondary
It cuts out.Arbitration unit decides whether the request of CPU being sent to some object element by arbitration result.If the access request energy of CPU
Some object element is accessed, then arbitration unit is by corresponding request address and request.
Typical arbitration unit contains the address comparator being compared to request address inside it.Due to address ratio
Need the address size compared wider compared with device, the comparison result generally yielded is more nervous in sequential.By address comparison result
Decide whether request address being sent to some object element, will produce a longer timing path or critical path.Number
In circuit, an important factor for critical path is decision systems performance and area.When the frequency of system requirements is higher, critical path
The area of system can be caused to increase, and then increase the entire area of system.
Meanwhile the comparison result exported via address comparator, it in a short time can be because of the arrival time of address date
It is inconsistent, lead to occur the shake of comparison result or burr within the extremely short time.Using the comparison result with burr,
When address to being sent to object element is chosen, very big burr power consumption will produce.
Traditionally, the method for solving critical path is that critical path is splitted into two sections by being inserted into level-one register.However,
Typical CPU is usually 32 to the request address length of object element.32 register pair critical paths are inserted into be split
The register number being inserted into can be caused excessive with optimization, introduce larger resource overhead.In addition, newly-increased level-one register resources,
Substantially it is to increase by a level production line, when assembly line is unable to continuous running, the time for completing an access request can be caused to increase
Add a clock cycle, causing property loss of energy.
Invention content
In order to overcome the problems, such as existing request emitter when solving power consumption and timing optimization, modification framework increases
Resource, the deficiency for reducing performance, the present invention provide one kind and avoiding modification framework, avoid increasing resource, reduce system power dissipation, promoted
The request emitter of the isolation address overturning based on prediction of performance.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
A kind of low-power consumption isolation address flip request emitter based on prediction, including：
Request unit, for generating access request, single reference request is attached to two category information of request type and request address,
Request type is sent to predicting unit by request unit, and access request itself and request address are sent to arbitration unit；
Object element, the access information for accepting arbitration unit generation, and generate access and accept signal, feed back to arbitration
In unit；
Arbitration unit judges that can the access request be sent to some for the access request that requests for arbitration unit generates
Object element；
Inside the arbitration unit controller, address comparator are overturn containing address comparator, access triggers device and address
The address space of some object element whether is hit for comparing request address；Access triggers device is used for according to address comparator
Comparison result and the predicted value of predicting unit output, can the access request of requests for arbitration unit be sent to object element, and produce
Raw terminal arbitration result；Mesh is sent in the predicted value that address overturning controller is used to be exported according to predicting unit, gating or isolation
Mark the request address of unit；
Predicting unit, the object element for predicting the hit of this access request according to request type, predicted value is exported
To arbitration unit, and according to the comparison result of the address comparator in arbitration unit and corresponding prediction algorithm, to prediction
Value is corrected and updates.
Further, the address space that all object elements are included in described address comparator, if request address hits some
The address space of object element then generates the comparison result for hitting the object element.
Further, the prediction that the access triggers device is exported according to the comparison result and predicting unit of address comparator
Value, determine terminal arbitration as a result, and terminal arbitration result is sent to object element, and if only if the comparison result of address comparator
When being consistent with the predicted value of predicting unit output, indicate that the access request can access respective objects unit, if address comparator
Comparison result and the predicted value of predicting unit be not inconsistent, then the access request can not access any object element.
Further, the predicted value that described address overturning controller is exported according to predicting unit, decides whether to ask ground
Object element is sent in location, if predicted value characterization current access request will not hit some object element, address overturns controller
The connection of request address and the object element is isolated；If predicted value characterization current access request hits some object element, address
Request address is sent to the object element by overturning controller.
When access request occurs, predicting unit can enter correcting state, and predicting unit first checks for address comparator
Whether comparison result is consistent with predicted value, if the two is consistent, is determined as that prediction is correct, and predicting unit does not correct predicted value, if
The comparison result and predicted value of address comparator are inconsistent, then are determined as prediction error, the spontaneous correction predicted value of predicting unit, in advance
It surveys unit and the predicted value after correction is output to access triggers device, for generating final arbitration result.
The predicting unit is that different request types distribute corresponding default predictor value, when access request does not occur,
Predicting unit enters more new state, current predicted value is updated using active more new algorithm, if current predicted value and default predictor
Value is different, then predicting unit updates current predicted value with default predictor value, if current predicted value and default predictor value are identical, in advance
It surveys unit and does not update current predicted value.
When access request does not occur, predicting unit enters more new state, and predicting unit uses passive type more new algorithm,
Predicted value is not updated by default predictor value at this time, and it is constant to be to maintain current predicted value, when access request occurs again,
Predicting unit enters correcting state, is checked predicted value and is corrected.
In the object element, when receiving the arbitration result of arbitration unit transmission, if the object element chosen can
The access request is accepted, then object element sends the feedback signal that an access request has been accepted to arbitration unit；Otherwise, mesh
Mark unit does not send the feedback signal that access request has been accepted to arbitration unit.
It, can be to request in the feedback signal that the access request for receiving object element has been accepted in the arbitration unit
Unit provides confirmation signal, and request unit is when receiving the confirmation signal of arbitration unit offer, it is believed that this access request passes
Completion is sent, and stops sending access request to arbitration unit.
The present invention technical concept be：Controller is overturn by the address in the predicted value and arbitration unit of predicting unit,
The request address of object element is sent in gating or isolation, reduces system power dissipation.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in：Framework is avoided damage to, critical path, the overturning of isolation address, drop are optimized
Low system power dissipation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a basic exemplary plot of the isolation address flip request emitter the present invention is based on prediction.
Fig. 2 is the specific implementation exemplary plot in each unit of the isolation address flip request emitter based on prediction.
Fig. 3 is the basic exemplary plot of arbitration unit.
Fig. 4 is the basic exemplary plot of predicting unit.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to Fig.1~Fig. 4, a kind of isolation address flip request emitter based on prediction, including：
Request unit, for generating access request, single reference request is attached to two category information of request type and request address,
Request type is sent to predicting unit by request unit, and access request itself and request address are sent to arbitration unit；
Object element, the access information for accepting arbitration unit generation, and generate access and accept signal, feed back to arbitration
In unit；
Arbitration unit judges that can the access request be sent to some for the access request that requests for arbitration unit generates
Object element；
The arbitration unit includes that address comparator, access triggers device and address overturning controller, address comparator are used for
Compare the address space whether request address hits some object element；Access triggers device is according to the comparison result of address comparator
And can the predicted value of predicting unit output, the access request of requests for arbitration unit be sent to object element, and generate final secondary
Cut out result；The request of object element is sent in the predicted value that address overturning controller is exported according to predicting unit, gating or isolation
Address achievees the purpose that control overturning power consumption；
Predicting unit predicts the object element of this access request hit according to request type, predicted value is exported to secondary
Cut out unit, and according to the comparison result of the address comparator in arbitration unit and corresponding prediction algorithm, to predicted value into
Row correction and update；
The output end of the request unit connects the arbitration unit and predicting unit, the arbitration unit and the target
Unit is connected, and the predicting unit overturns controller with the address in arbitration unit and access triggers device is connected, describedly
The output end of location comparator connects the access triggers device.
When request unit attempts to access that some object element, an access request can be generated to arbitration unit, it is subsidiary to ask
Two category information of type and request address.
After the arbitration unit completes access request arbitration, arbitration result and request address are sent to corresponding target
Unit, and wait for the response of object element.
Referring to Fig. 1, in one embodiment, the isolation address flip request emitter based on prediction includes comprising request
Unit 10, predicting unit 11, arbitration unit 12,13~object element of object element 15.Wherein, the number of object element is by SOC
System determines.
Referring to Fig. 2, the specific implementation details of each unit in Fig. 1 are described in detail.In one embodiment, request unit 10
When generating access request every time, request address 31 is sent to address comparator 21 and address in arbitration unit 12 by request unit 10
Controller 22 is overturn, while request type 37 is sent to predicting unit 11 by request unit 10, for correcting predicted value 33.Address ratio
Compare whether request address 31 hits some object element compared with device 21, when address comparator 21 thinks that request address 31 hits some
When object element, address comparator exports comparison result 32.Comparison result 32 is sent to access triggers device 23, and if only if prediction
When value 33 is consistent with comparison result 32, characterization access request is set up, and exports effective arbitration result 34 by access triggers device, is used
In the corresponding object element of selection.
Meanwhile address overturns controller 22 according to predicted value 33, decides whether that request address 31 is isolated or is selected
It leads in corresponding object element.And when access request occurs every time, at most only there are one the addresses of object element may be at
The address of strobe state, other object elements is isolated, to achieve the purpose that control power consumption.If the predicted value 33 of predicting unit
It is not consistent with comparison result 32, characterization access request is invalid, and address overturns controller 22 and request address 31 and object element is isolated
Connection.
In addition, when access request occurs every time, predicting unit 11 can enter correcting state, correct predicted value 33；And it accesses
When request does not occur, active or passive type more new algorithm may be selected in predicting unit 11, updates predicted value 33.Object element is true
When approving to receive access request, the feedback signal 38 that access request has been accepted will be provided to arbitration unit 12.Arbitration unit
12 are transferred to feedback signal 38 in request unit 10, and generate effective confirmation signal 39, inform this visit of request unit 10
Ask that request is accepted.
Fig. 3 illustrates the implementation detail of arbitration unit 12 in Fig. 1.Address comparator 21 includes the address of all destination addresses
Space 30.When request unit 10 generates access request, and provides request address 31, address comparator 21 is by indexing target
Address space 30, compares whether request address 31 hits some object element.If 21 decision request address of address comparator, 31 energy
Some object element is hit, then address comparator 21 exports effective comparison result 32.Access triggers device 23 judges predicted value 33
With the comparison result 32 of address comparator, final arbitration result 34 is confirmed.And if only if predicted value 33 and comparison result 32 1
When cause, access triggers device 23 generates effective arbitration result 34, and accesses corresponding object element.
Address overturning controller 22, which is isolated using the predicted value 33 and AND gate circuit of predicting unit or is gated this access, asks
The request address 31 asked.If this access request is able to access that some object element, address overturn controller 22 by with door
Circuit gates the connection of request address 31 and corresponding object element.For other inaccessible object elements, address overturning control
Device 22 processed is isolated and is linked with the address of other object elements by AND gate circuit, achievees the purpose that control overturning power consumption.
Fig. 4 is the basic framework figure of predicting unit, including prediction value register 40, correcting circuit 41, more novel circuit 42.In advance
Measured value register 40 exports predicted value 33, and predicted value 33 is sent to access triggers device 23 and address overturning controller 22.Work as hair
When raw access request, when predicting unit 11 enters correcting state, start correcting circuit 41.Correcting circuit 41 first determines whether to compare knot
Whether fruit 32 is consistent with predicted value 33, judges that predicted value 33 is correct if the two is consistent, need not correct predicted value 33 at this time.If
The two is not consistent, and correcting circuit 41 judges 33 mistake of predicted value, and correcting circuit 41 generates effective corrected value 36 at this time, is used for school
Positive predicted value 33.
When access request does not occur, predicting unit 11 enters more new state, starts more novel circuit 42.More novel circuit 42 has
Two kinds of optional more new algorithms, are referred to as active more new algorithm and passive type more new algorithm.In active more new algorithm, in advance
It is that a variety of different request types 37 match corresponding default predictor value 45 to survey unit 11, when access request does not occur, if prediction
Unit 11 compares current predicted value 33 and whether default predictor value 45 is identical.If the two is different, predicting unit 11 is pre- with acquiescence
Measured value 45 updates current predicted value 33 and predicts list if the current predicted value 33 and default predictor value 45 of predicting unit 11 are identical
Member 11 does not update current predicted value 33.In passive type more new algorithm, predicted value 33 is not updated by default predictor value 45, and is to maintain
Current predicted value 33 is constant, and when access request occurs again, predicting unit 11 enters correcting state, is carried out to predicted value
It checks and corrects.
Claims (8)
1. address flip request emitter is isolated in a kind of low-power consumption based on prediction, including：
Request unit, for generating access request, single reference request two category information of subsidiary request type and request address, request
Request type is sent to predicting unit by unit, and access request itself and request address are sent to arbitration unit；
Object element, the access information for accepting arbitration unit generation, and generate access and accept signal, feed back to arbitration unit
In；
Arbitration unit judges that can the access request be sent to some target for the access request that requests for arbitration unit generates
Unit；
It is characterized in that：In the object element, arbitration result is generated when predicted value is consistent with fiducial value, then be based on the arbitration
As a result access request transmission and response；When receiving the arbitration result of arbitration unit transmission, if the target list chosen
Member can accept the access request, then object element sends the feedback signal that an access request has been accepted to arbitration unit；
Otherwise, object element does not send the feedback signal that access request has been accepted to arbitration unit；
Controller is overturn containing address comparator, access triggers device and address inside the arbitration unit, address comparator is used for
Compare the address space whether request address hits some object element；Access triggers device is used for the comparison according to address comparator
As a result and the predicted value of predicting unit output, can the access request of requests for arbitration unit be sent to object element, and generate most
Whole arbitration result；Address overturning controller is inputted for two of predicted value and request address based on AND gate circuit into row address
Overturning, to make requests on gating or the isolation of address；
Predicting unit, the object element for predicting the hit of this access request according to request type, predicted value is exported to secondary
Cut out unit, and according to the comparison result of the address comparator in arbitration unit and corresponding prediction algorithm, to predicted value into
Row correction and update.
2. address flip request emitter is isolated in the low-power consumption based on prediction as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
The address space for including all object elements in address comparator is stated, if the address that request address hits some object element is empty
Between, then generate the comparison result for hitting the object element.
3. address flip request emitter is isolated in the low-power consumption based on prediction as claimed in claim 1 or 2, feature exists
In：The predicted value that the access triggers device is exported according to the comparison result and predicting unit of address comparator determines terminal arbitration
As a result, and terminal arbitration result is sent to object element, and if only if address comparator comparison result and predicting unit export
Predicted value when being consistent, indicate that the access request can access respective objects unit, if the comparison result of address comparator and pre-
The predicted value for surveying unit is not inconsistent, then the access request can not access any object element.
4. address flip request emitter is isolated in the low-power consumption based on prediction as claimed in claim 1 or 2, feature exists
In：The predicted value that described address overturning controller is exported according to predicting unit, decides whether request address being sent to object element,
If predicted value characterization current access request will not hit some object element, address overturns controller isolation request address and is somebody's turn to do
The connection of object element；If predicted value characterization current access request hits some object element, address overturns controller and will ask
It is sent to the object element in address.
5. address flip request emitter is isolated in the low-power consumption based on prediction as claimed in claim 1 or 2, feature exists
In：When access request occurs, predicting unit can enter correcting state, and predicting unit first checks for the comparison knot of address comparator
Whether fruit is consistent with predicted value, if the two is consistent, is determined as that prediction is correct, predicting unit does not correct predicted value, if address ratio
It is inconsistent compared with the comparison result of device and predicted value, then it is determined as prediction error, the spontaneous correction predicted value of predicting unit, predicting unit
Predicted value after correction is output to access triggers device, for generating final arbitration result.
6. address flip request emitter is isolated in the low-power consumption based on prediction as claimed in claim 1 or 2, feature exists
In：The predicting unit is that different request types distribute corresponding default predictor value, and when access request does not occur, prediction is single
Member enters more new state, updates current predicted value using active more new algorithm：If current predicted value is different with default predictor value,
Then predicting unit updates current predicted value, if current predicted value and default predictor value are identical, predicting unit with default predictor value
Do not update current predicted value.
7. address flip request emitter is isolated in the low-power consumption based on prediction as claimed in claim 1 or 2, feature exists
In：When access request does not occur, predicting unit enters more new state, and predicting unit uses passive type more new algorithm：At this time
Predicted value is not updated by default predictor value, and it is constant to be to maintain current predicted value, when access request occurs again, prediction
Unit enters correcting state, is checked predicted value and is corrected.
8. address flip request emitter is isolated in the low-power consumption based on prediction as claimed in claim 1 or 2, feature exists
In：In the arbitration unit, in the feedback signal that the access request for receiving object element has been accepted, it can be carried to request unit
For confirmation signal, request unit is when receiving the confirmation signal of arbitration unit offer, it is believed that and the transmission of this access request is completed,
And stop sending access request to arbitration unit.
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| CN102360282A (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2012-02-22 | 杭州中天微系统有限公司 | Production-line processor device for rapidly disposing prediction error of branch instruction |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2004171177A (en) * | 2002-11-19 | 2004-06-17 | Renesas Technology Corp | Cache system and cache memory controller |
| US9535860B2 (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2017-01-03 | Intel Corporation | Arbitrating memory accesses via a shared memory fabric |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1518700A (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2004-08-04 | 皇家菲利浦电子有限公司 | Fast and acurate cache way selection |
| CN101194236A (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2008-06-04 | Nxp股份有限公司 | Architecture for a multi-port cache memory |
| CN102360282A (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2012-02-22 | 杭州中天微系统有限公司 | Production-line processor device for rapidly disposing prediction error of branch instruction |
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