CN105807373A - Wavelength on-off control method based on electrode discharge and graphene coated fiber bragg gratings - Google Patents
Wavelength on-off control method based on electrode discharge and graphene coated fiber bragg gratings Download PDFInfo
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- CN105807373A CN105807373A CN201610274685.8A CN201610274685A CN105807373A CN 105807373 A CN105807373 A CN 105807373A CN 201610274685 A CN201610274685 A CN 201610274685A CN 105807373 A CN105807373 A CN 105807373A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
- G02B6/29316—Light guides comprising a diffractive element, e.g. grating in or on the light guide such that diffracted light is confined in the light guide
- G02B6/29317—Light guides of the optical fibre type
Abstract
The invention provides a wavelength on-off control method based on electrode discharge and graphene coated fiber bragg gratings.The method comprises the steps that 1, a wavelength on-off system based on electrode discharge and the graphene coated fiber bragg gratings is built, wherein the system comprises a light source, an optical fiber isolator, an optical fiber circulator, a fiber bragg grating sensor, an electrode driver and an optical spectrum analyzer, the light source, the optical fiber isolator and the optical fiber circulator are sequentially connected, one end of the optical fiber circulator is connected with the optical fiber isolator, the other end of the optical fiber circulator is connected with the fiber bragg grating sensor and the optical spectrum analyzer, and at least two fiber bragg gratings with different wavelengths are connected to the fiber bragg grating sensor in series; 2, required wavelength output is determined, the electrode driver controls electrodes to conduct discharging on the grid regions of the fiber bragg gratings, and the electrode driver is selected to control electrodes to conduct discharging on the grid regions of the fiber bragg gratings beyond the required wavelength range so as to close the fiber bragg gratings beyond the wavelength range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of optical fiber communication, be specifically related to a kind of lambda switch control method based on electrode discharge and Graphene coated fiber grating.
Background technology
FBG is highly sensitive owing to having, and volume is little, it is easy to optical fiber couples, and not by advantages such as electromagnetic interference, is widely used in the fields such as Aero-Space, petrochemical industry, boats and ships shipping, civilian industry, electric power and medical science.
Since K.O.Hill et al. adopts standing wave interferometric method to be made in the world since first fiber grating, the research of the inscription technology of fiber grating achieves and develops rapidly, for instance phase-mask method, holographic interferometry, wavefront-splitting interference method, online one-tenth grid method, the write of focused ion bundle and the carving and writing methods such as method that write direct.The most ripe and most widely used fiber grating carving and writing method is based on the uv-exposure inscription of phase masks at present, adopt the fiber grating that conventional ultra-violet exposure method is inscribed, refraction index changing occurs only in the fiber core with heliosensitivity, and refractive index axially becomes periodic distribution.
In FBG manufacturing process, first common germnium doped fiber carrying out load hydrogen and processes the heliosensitivity to improve optical fiber, load hydrogen optical fiber is gone coat to process by the machine that then automatically divests with fibre coating, in order to the inscription of grating.Ordinary optic fibre is placed in high pressure (107Pa) hydrogen after a period of time, hydrogen molecule is gradually diffused in covering and the fibre core of optical fiber, when the ultraviolet light (being usually 248nm or 193nm) of specific wavelength irradiates load hydrogen optical fiber, fibre core is reacted with germanium immediately according to the hydrogen molecule in part and is formed Ge-OH and Ge-H key, so that permanent increase occurs the refractive index of this part.After scribing process terminates, in grating, the hydrogen molecule of remaining has diffusion motion, and there is unstable Ge-OH key after reaction, and temperature rising can make the degeneration reduction of these keys, and then causes the reflectance reduction of grating.
Accordingly, it would be desirable to a kind of can at the system and method for the light of the outfan different centre wavelength of output.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of lambda switch control method based on electrode discharge and Graphene coated fiber grating, comprise the following steps: 1) build the lambda switch system based on electrode discharge and Graphene coated fiber grating: described lambda switch system includes light source, fibre optic isolater, optical fiber circulator, fiber-optic grating sensor, electrode driver and spectroanalysis instrument；Light source, fibre optic isolater and fiber optical circulator are sequentially connected with, and one end of fiber optical circulator connects fibre optic isolater, and the other end connects fiber-optic grating sensor and spectroanalysis instrument, and fiber-optic grating sensor is at least in series with the bragg grating of two different wave lengths；2) required wavelength output is determined, electrode driver controls electrode and is discharged in the grid region of bragg grating: selects electrode driver to control electrode according to required wave-length coverage and is discharged in the grid region of other bragg gratings except this wave-length coverage, with by the bragg grating " closedown " of other wave-length coverages.
Preferably, described step 2) described in electrode be placed in the center of each bragg grating, electrode driver controls counter-electrode and the grid region central point of bragg grating is discharged.
Preferably, described electrode discharge power is fixed value 110mw.
Preferably, the frequency of the grid region central point electric discharge of bragg grating is 10Hz by described electrode.
Preferably, the time of the grid region central point electric discharge of bragg grating is 5～10s by described electrode.
Preferably, described light source is wideband light source or multiband output light source.
Preferably, grid region surface-coated 10 layer graphene of described bragg grating.
Preferably, the grid region length of described bragg grating is 10mm, intensity 10dB.
Preferably, described electrode driver adopts fibre coating automatically to divest machine.
Preferably, described fiber grating fixture is made up of the red copper that heat conductivity is good, scribbles heat conductive silica gel with the contact area of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG.
Should be appreciated that aforementioned description substantially is exemplary illustration and explanation with follow-up detailed description, the restriction to the claimed content of the present invention should not be used as.
Accompanying drawing explanation
With reference to the accompanying drawing enclosed, the more purpose of the present invention, function and advantage will be illustrated by the described below of embodiment of the present invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 schematically shows the structural representation based on electrode discharge and the wavelength switch device of Graphene coated fiber grating according to the present invention；
Fig. 2 illustrates the scan mode schematic diagram in the electrode raster grid region according to the present invention；
Fig. 3 illustrates the reflectance spectrum during diverse location electric discharge of electrode scanning grid region；
Fig. 4 illustrates the FBG reflectance spectrum during diverse location electric discharge of grid region, left side；
Fig. 5 illustrates the electric discharge of center, grid region and FBG spectrum contrast when not discharging.
Detailed description of the invention
The wavelength switch device based on electrode discharge and Graphene coated fiber grating of the present invention includes wideband light source or multiband output light source, fibre optic isolater, optical fiber circulator, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG string (FBG) and spectroanalysis instrument.The light that wideband light source or multiband output light source send, by entering fiber-optic grating sensor after fibre optic isolater and optical fiber circulator, fiber-optic grating sensor is provided with the FBG of two different wave lengths of at least connecting.The center of each FBG is mounted with the electrode of arc discharge, and the other end of optical fiber circulator is connected to spectroanalysis instrument (OSA) and monitors in real time, observes electrode spectrum under diverse location discharges by spectrogrph.Fiber Bragg Grating FBG string femtosecond laser is inscribed the Bragg grating of multiple different centre wavelength on an optical fiber and is made, and each grid region length is 10mm, intensity 10dB.Grid region surface-coated 10 layer graphene of fiber grating, length is 30mm.
Fig. 1 diagrammatically illustrates structural representation based on electrode discharge and the wavelength switch device of Graphene coated fiber grating according to an embodiment of the invention.As it is shown in figure 1, the wavelength switch device 100 based on electrode discharge and Graphene coated fiber grating includes: ASE light source 101, fibre optic isolater 102, fiber optical circulator the 103, the oneth FBG104, the 2nd FBG105, the 3rd FBG106, electrode driver 110 and spectroanalysis instrument 111.Wherein, ASE light source 101, fibre optic isolater 102, fiber optical circulator 103 are sequentially connected with, and one end of fiber optical circulator 103 connects fibre optic isolater 102, and the other end connects a FBG104, the 2nd FBG105, the 3rd FBG106 and spectroanalysis instrument 111 respectively.The present embodiment adopt fibre coating automatically divest machine 3SAEFPUII as electrode driver 110.Electrode driver 110 can set the parameters such as the discharge power of the direction of motion of electrode, speed and electrode, time by controller.ASE light source in the present embodiment is for develop voluntarily, and output is 1525nm-1610nm more than 13dBm, C+L band region；The fixture of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG is made up of the red copper that heat conductivity is good, coats heat conductive silica gel with the contact area of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG and strengthens the heat conduction of grid region and fixture.Each section of FBG is fixed on its two ends respectively through two fiber grating fixtures.
In experiment, electrode discharge power is fixed value 110mw, by setting electric discharge device parameter, fiber grating grid region is scanned electric discharge and fixed point discharge test respectively.Test of many times proves when whole grid region is from left to right carried out (shown in Fig. 2 a direction) when electric discharge scans with 0.1mm/s speed along optical fiber is axial by electrode, in the process of scanning, the change of FBG spectrum is centrosymmetric about grid region, as it is shown on figure 3, Fig. 3 illustrates reflectance spectrum when electrode scanning grid region diverse location discharges.Along with electrode starts scanning electric discharge from z=-5mm, the reflectance of FBG is gradually reduced；When scanning z=0mm place, FBG reflectance spectrum peak strength reaches minimum, and after midpoint, grid region, reflectance is gradually increased again；When scanning z=5mm, reflection peak is identical with the reflection peak at z=-5mm place.For convenience of data analysis, from z=-5mm, recording a spectrogram every 1mm, the rest may be inferred.Fig. 4 represents the reflectance spectrum that the electrode 5 diverse locations in grid region, left side are observed, from spectrogram it can be seen that electrode discharge makes FBG reflectance spectrum broadened bandwidth red shift, peak reflection intensity is gradually lowered, and spectrum shape presents irregular many crest gradually.As z=0mm, when namely electrode is in midpoint, grid region, now there is obvious deviation in spectrum and original spectrum, obvious wave resonance are occurring away from central wavelength.
For analyzing the impact that spectrum is produced in the electric discharge of center, grid region by electrode, electrode relevant parameter is set and makes it that center in grid region to carry out fixed point discharge test.Fig. 5 is the electric discharge of center, grid region and FBG spectrum contrast when not discharging, it can be seen that during continuous discharge, the peak value of transmission spectrum reduces disappearance, and peak power shows obvious switching value variation characteristic, and phenomenon has repeatability.That is, use electrode driver to control electrode to continue to discharge at the midpoint in FBG grid region, the peak value of the reflectance spectrum of FBG grating will disappear, and therefore spectroanalysis instrument becomes the reflectance spectrum that corresponding FBG grating can not be detected, and the FBG being equivalent to this section of wavelength is in "Off" state.Similar, when multiple FBG be connected on according to the present invention based on the wavelength switch device of electrode discharge and Graphene coated fiber grating time, by electrode, the center electric discharge in FBG grid region can be controlled the switch of the FBG of different wave length, to reach to be obtained in that the light of different wave length in a fiber grating system.Thus electrode driver can be selected to control electrode according to required wave-length coverage to be discharged in the midpoint, grid region of other bragg gratings except this wave-length coverage, with by the bragg grating " closedown " of other wave-length coverages, outfan just can obtain the light of this range of wavelength.
By mode coupling theory it can be seen that grating effective refractive index and screen periods change all can make raster center wave length shift.When electrode discharge, air near the high-energy ionization that electrode is assembled, produce hot plasma, increase along with heat plasma density, discharge amount of heat, and then it is formed about uneven temperature field at electrode, when this temperature field is near position, grid region, induction optical fiber grating fiber core refractive index changes.
Variations in temperature can cause thermal expansion effects and thermo-optic effect, is wherein caused that fiber core and cladding radius change by thermo-optic effect, makes grating effective refractive index change；Thermal expansion effects causes material dimensional variation, makes screen periods change.But the thermal refractive index coefficient that the thermal coefficient of expansion that its thermal expansion effects causes causes compared with thermo-optic effect wants little two orders of magnitude.Therefore only need to consider that temperature causes the change of optical fibre refractivity and ignores the impact of other effects.The index distribution of each position, grating grid region changes, and is represented by along axis index distribution n (z)
N (z)=n0+δn(z), (3)
Wherein, n0For initial raster effective refractive index, δnZ () is the temperature spatial modulation degree to grating refractive index.So, the wavelength X (z) that each position reflection in grating grid region obtains is represented by
λ (z)=2n (z) Λ0=2 [n0+δn(z)]Λ0=2n0Λ0[1+Topt(z)], (4)
Wherein, n is the effective refractive index of grating, Λ0For screen periods, definition light temperature parameters is Topt(z)=δn(z)/n0, represent that temperature becomes the index modulation caused.
Non-uniform Distribution temperature field induction grating refractive index changes, and ultimately results in grating grid region and produces to warble.Regulation is warbled and composed broadened bandwidth amount is maximum resonance wavelength XmaxWith minimum resonance wavelengthminDifference Δ λbw, it is represented by
Δλbw=λmax-λmin=2n0Λ0ΔTopt, (5)
Δ T in formulaopt=Tmax-TminRepresent grating grid region maximum temperature gradient.Being can be seen that by (5) formula, FBG reflectance spectrum broadened bandwidth amount is directly proportional to maximum temperature gradient.
When electrode arrives center, grid region, FBG reflectance spectrum peak optical powers and initial condition difference reach maximum, and now FBG transmission spectrum shows more prominent peak value with or without feature, as shown in prior figures 4.Analyzing its reason is, when electrode discharge, air near the high-energy ionization that electrode is assembled, produce hot plasma, increase along with heat plasma density, discharge amount of heat, and then it is formed about uneven temperature field at electrode, when this temperature field is near position, grid region, induction optical fiber grating fiber core refractive index changes, so that grating absorbance increases, and when non-uniform temperature field is positioned at grating grid region center position, grating absorbance tends to saturated and reaches maximum, and the harmonic wave of reflectance spectrum peak optical powers edge is because creating warbles.
The concrete grammar of the light that the wavelength switch device based on electrode discharge and Graphene coated fiber grating according to the present invention realizes control output end output different wave length is as follows:
1, the lambda switch system based on electrode discharge and Graphene coated fiber grating is built:
Described lambda switch system includes light source, fibre optic isolater, optical fiber circulator, fiber-optic grating sensor, electrode driver and spectroanalysis instrument；Light source, fibre optic isolater and fiber optical circulator are sequentially connected with, and one end of fiber optical circulator connects fibre optic isolater, and the other end connects fiber-optic grating sensor and spectroanalysis instrument, and fiber-optic grating sensor is at least in series with the bragg grating of two different wave lengths；
2, determining required wavelength output, electrode driver controls electrode and is discharged in the grid region of bragg grating:
Select electrode driver to control electrode according to required wave-length coverage to be discharged in the grid region of other bragg gratings except this wave-length coverage, with by the bragg grating " closedown " of other wave-length coverages.
Described electrode is placed in the center of each bragg grating, and electrode driver controls counter-electrode and the grid region central point of bragg grating is discharged.
The fiber grating that the femtosecond laser adopted in the present invention is inscribed can overcome the shortcoming that the electrode discharge grating transmission spectrum degree of depth diminishes.The fiber grating that ultraviolet light is inscribed by electrode discharge is annealed, and can remove on the one hand and remain in unreacted hydrogen molecule in load hydrogen optical fiber；Ge-OH and the Ge-H key of some instability in fibre core can being destroyed on the other hand after grating writing, causing the change of the index modulation of grating, thus causing the change of optical grating reflection rate.Electrode discharge produce axial non-uniform temperature field distribution cause chirped grating.Diminishing through electrode discharge optical grating reflection rate, the grating transmission spectrum degree of depth diminishes.
In conjunction with explanation and the practice of the present invention disclosed here, other embodiments of the present invention are all easy to expect and understand for those skilled in the art.Illustrating and embodiment is regarded only as and is illustrative of, true scope and the purport of the present invention are all defined in the claims.
Claims (10)
1., based on a lambda switch control method for electrode discharge and Graphene coated fiber grating, comprise the following steps:
1) the lambda switch system based on electrode discharge and Graphene coated fiber grating is built:
Described lambda switch system includes light source, fibre optic isolater, optical fiber circulator, fiber-optic grating sensor, electrode driver and spectroanalysis instrument；Light source, fibre optic isolater and fiber optical circulator are sequentially connected with, and one end of fiber optical circulator connects fibre optic isolater, and the other end connects fiber-optic grating sensor and spectroanalysis instrument, and fiber-optic grating sensor is at least in series with the bragg grating of two different wave lengths；
2) determining required wavelength output, electrode driver controls electrode and is discharged in the grid region of bragg grating:
Select electrode driver to control electrode according to required wave-length coverage to be discharged in the grid region of other bragg gratings except this wave-length coverage, with by the bragg grating " closedown " of other wave-length coverages.
2. lambda switch control method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step 2) described in electrode be placed in the center of each bragg grating, electrode driver controls counter-electrode and the grid region central point of bragg grating is discharged.
3. lambda switch control method as claimed in claim 2, wherein said electrode discharge power is fixed value 110mw.
4. lambda switch control method as claimed in claim 3, the frequency of the grid region central point electric discharge of bragg grating is 10Hz by wherein said electrode.
5. lambda switch control method as claimed in claim 3, the time of the grid region central point electric discharge of bragg grating is 5～10s by wherein said electrode.
6. lambda switch control method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said light source is wideband light source or multiband output light source.
7. lambda switch control method as claimed in claim 1, grid region surface-coated 10 layer graphene of wherein said bragg grating.
8. lambda switch control method as claimed in claim 4, the grid region length of wherein said bragg grating is 10mm, intensity 10dB.
9. lambda switch control method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said electrode driver adopts fibre coating automatically to divest machine.
10. lambda switch control method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fiber grating fixture is made up of the red copper that heat conductivity is good, scribbles heat conductive silica gel with the contact area of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG.
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| CN201610274685.8A CN105807373B (en) | 2016-04-28 | 2016-04-28 | Lambda switch control method based on electrode discharge and graphene coated fiber grating |
| CN201810816694.4A CN108919427B (en) | 2016-04-28 | 2016-04-28 | Wavelength switch system based on electrode discharge and graphene coated fiber grating |
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| CN106404018A (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2017-02-15 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Device for generating intensity controllable weak polarization coupling point within a polarization maintaining fiber during electrode discharge |
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| US20030141440A1 (en) * | 2002-01-28 | 2003-07-31 | Ices Co., Ltd. | Multi-type fiber bragg grating sensor system |
| CN103956640A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-07-30 | 天津理工大学 | Wavelength switchable fiber laser based on graphene and core shift structure |
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| US5937115A (en) * | 1997-02-12 | 1999-08-10 | Foster-Miller, Inc. | Switchable optical components/structures and methods for the fabrication thereof |
| US20040247239A1 (en) * | 2001-03-12 | 2004-12-09 | Louay Eldada | Hitless errorless trimmable dynamic optical add/drop multiplexer devices |
| CN105261921A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-01-20 | 北京工业大学 | Short resonant cavity all-fiber narrow line-width single frequency laser |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030141440A1 (en) * | 2002-01-28 | 2003-07-31 | Ices Co., Ltd. | Multi-type fiber bragg grating sensor system |
| CN103956640A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-07-30 | 天津理工大学 | Wavelength switchable fiber laser based on graphene and core shift structure |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106404018A (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2017-02-15 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Device for generating intensity controllable weak polarization coupling point within a polarization maintaining fiber during electrode discharge |
| CN106404018B (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2018-12-07 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of electrode discharge generates the device of the weak polarization coupled point of intensity controlled in polarization maintaining optical fibre |
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| CN105807373B (en) | 2018-08-17 |
| CN108919427B (en) | 2020-09-11 |
| CN108919427A (en) | 2018-11-30 |
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