CN105804801B - A kind of steam turbine - Google Patents
A kind of steam turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN105804801B CN105804801B CN201610324310.8A CN201610324310A CN105804801B CN 105804801 B CN105804801 B CN 105804801B CN 201610324310 A CN201610324310 A CN 201610324310A CN 105804801 B CN105804801 B CN 105804801B
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- cylinder body
- rotating shaft
- storehouse
- wheel
- cylinder
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
- F01D1/02—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines
- F01D1/04—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines traversed by the working-fluid substantially axially
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
- F01D25/12—Cooling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
- F01D25/12—Cooling
- F01D25/125—Cooling of bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
- F01D25/14—Casings modified therefor
- F01D25/145—Thermally insulated casings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/18—Lubricating arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/18—Lubricating arrangements
- F01D25/183—Sealing means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D9/00—Stators
- F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
- F01D9/04—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector
- F01D9/041—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector using blades
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
It is overall in cylinder the invention discloses a kind of with heat utilization rate high and mechanical efficiency high and durable steam turbine, including：Cylinder part, cooling portion and lubrication portion, wherein, cylinder part includes successively from inside to outside：Rotating shaft, hollow impeller and cylinder body, hollow impeller are made up of wheel body and wheel plate, and wheel plate is distributed on the circumference of wheel body outer wall and is formed more than 0 ° and the angle less than 90 ° and the axis of wheel body between；Deflecting grid are formed with inboard wall of cylinder block in the axial direction, are formed between the air flue of deflecting grid and the rounded bottom surface of cylinder body and is more than 0 ° and the angle less than 90 °, air flue when cylinder body is closed on deflecting grid is corresponded and vertical with the wheel Board position on hollow impeller.The present invention is advantageous in that：(1) hollow impeller dramatically reduces the weight of itself, and bearing is more robust；(2) deflecting grid have manually changed airflow direction, it is possible to reduce heat energy, the heat utilization rate of raising steam turbine required for maintaining acting, increase mechanical energy and mechanical efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steam turbine, and in particular to one kind has heat utilization rate high and mechanical efficiency high and durable
Steam turbine, belong to mechanical field.
Background technology
Existing steam turbine, its impeller is provided with substantial amounts of leaf fan blades, and cylinder volume is equal to leaf fan blades in cylinder inward turning
Circle the space streaked.Leaf fan blades is higher, then cylinder volume is bigger, and impeller moment of torsion is also bigger, accordingly, maintains acting required
The heat energy wanted is more.
By being limited by structure and technique, existing steam turbine is primarily present the problem in terms of three below：
First, mechanical efficiency is low
Existing steam turbine, the direction of motion of thermal current and impeller diameter parallel in its cylinder, thermal current can not be vertical
Impact leaf fan blades plate face, the impact direction of air-flow but vertical with the direction of rotation of leaf fan blades, belong to windmill principle.Using windmill
This kind of structure of principle, causes steam turbine energy loss big, therefore mechanical efficiency is low.
The Another reason for causing steam turbine mechanical efficiency low is：When leaf fan blades is subject to the heat with impeller diameter parallel
During gas shock, the fan peak of leaf fan blades is equal with the heat energy that fan root is consumed in unit area, and the mechanical energy that they are produced
It is different, peak force brachium is fanned, moment of torsion is big, and the mechanical energy that it is produced is more；The fan root arm of force is small, and moment of torsion is small, and the mechanical energy that it is produced is few.
2nd, heat utilization rate is low
Existing steam turbine, the direction of motion of thermal current and impeller diameter parallel in its cylinder, thermal current is in cylinder
Direct projection air-flow is formed, because the shortest path that direct projection air-flow runs in cylinder, thermal current repetitive cycling acting in cylinder
Amount is small, so effective utilization rate of thermal energy is relatively low.
3rd, the easy senile abrasion of bearing
Existing steam turbine, its impeller forges casting with rotating shaft using unitary solid, because the volume of impeller receives own wt
And forging casting limitation of the technology, so the radius and moment of torsion of impeller are also restrained.Impeller with small radii, its moment of torsion is also small,
Mechanical efficiency is relatively low.To improve mechanical efficiency, then need to increase the moment of torsion of impeller, accordingly, it is necessary to increase leaf fan on impeller
The height of piece, consequently, it is possible to impeller own wt increases, bearing load increases, and aging, abrasion easily occurs in bearing.
The content of the invention
To solve the deficiencies in the prior art, there is heat utilization rate high and height machinery it is an object of the invention to provide one kind
Efficiency and durable steam turbine.
In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of steam turbine, it is overall in cylinder, including：Cylinder part, cooling portion and lubrication portion, foregoing cooling portion are located at vapour
The two ends in cylinder portion, lubrication portion is embedded in two bottom surface circle centre positions in cooling portion, it is characterised in that
Foregoing cylinder part includes successively from inside to outside：Rotating shaft, hollow impeller and cylinder body,
Aforementioned rotation axis are provided with some cylindrical end tangs in the axial direction；
Aforementioned hollow impeller is made up of wheel body and some wheel plates, and foregoing wheel body is formed by connecting by some section cylinders, Mei Yijie
Cylinder is internally both provided with axle sleeve, and axle sleeve is concentric circles with cylinder；Foregoing wheel plate is evenly distributed on the circumference of wheel body outer wall
On, and between wheel plate and the axis of wheel body formed be more than 0 ° and the angle less than 90 °, between two adjacent rings wheel plate formed annular
Cavity volume；The internal axle sleeve of wheel is fitted snugly in the cylindrical end tangs in rotating shaft, so as to rotating shaft be fixed together with hollow impeller；
Foregoing cylinder body is cylindrical shape cylinder, and centre is working bin, and two ends are respectively into gas storehouse and exhaust storehouse, enter in gas storehouse
Exhaust outlet on air inlet and exhaust storehouse is respectively positioned on the circular arc side wall of cylinder, and whole cylinder body is divided into two along symmetry axis, shape
Into upper half cylinder body and lower half cylinder body, in working bin section, it is each formed with the axial direction on the inwall of upper half cylinder body and lower half cylinder body
Some semi-circular shape deflecting grid, aforementioned change grid have the rounded bottom surface of some air flues being parallel to each other, foregoing air flue and cylinder body
Between formed be more than 0 ° and the angle less than 90 °, when upper half cylinder body and lower half cylinder body pairing, upper half cylinder body and lower half cylinder body are same
Two semi-circular shape deflecting grid on one circumference form a complete annulus, the two neighboring change on cylinder body axis direction
To the annular steam chest of formation between grid；Enter gas storehouse section and exhaust storehouse section, enter the circular side with exhaust storehouse in the circular side wall of gas storehouse
Wall is respectively formed on the axis hole passed through for rotating shaft, and the inner surface of axis hole is formed with some annular grooves, and the outer surface of rotating shaft is in phase
Answer and be formed with position some annular protrusions, annular protrusion to be stuck in annular groove, it is foregoing enter gas storehouse circular side wall it is inside and outside
Both sides are each provided with a heat keeper, and a stay-warm case, the circular side in foregoing exhaust storehouse are each provided with the outside of two heat keepers
Also a heat keeper is each provided with inside and outside wall, two outsides of heat keeper are also each provided with a stay-warm case；
When cylinder body by hollow impeller be fastened on its it is interior when, the annular deflecting grid on inboard wall of cylinder block are in adjacent on hollow impeller
In the ring-shaped chamber formed between two circle wheel plates, the wheel plate on hollow impeller is in institute's shape between deflecting grid adjacent on cylinder body
Into annular steam chest in, and air flue on deflecting grid corresponds and vertical with the wheel Board position on hollow impeller, enters gas storehouse
Interior high steam enters first deflecting grid, is vertically beaten at first from the high steam of first air flue outflow of deflecting grid
In wheel plate plate face in steam chest, each air flue on deflecting grid and corresponded with it and vertically disposed wheel plate constitutes one
Acting is individual, and the high steam after acting enters back into second deflecting grid, is steamed from the high pressure of second air flue outflow of deflecting grid
In the wheel plate plate face that vapour is vertically beaten in second steam chest again, the like, continue uninterrupted acting, until high steam is to most
Wheel plate in latter steam chest finishes work(, finally from the discharge of exhaust storehouse.
Foregoing steam turbine, it is characterised in that foregoing cylinder part also includes：Jam plate, foregoing jam plate be in annular, with turn
Cylindrical end tangs on axle are fixedly connected with the axle sleeve of inner barrel, cylindrical end tangs is locked in corresponding axle sleeve.
Foregoing steam turbine, it is characterised in that the external diameter of the cylindrical end tangs in cylinder part, aforementioned rotation axis reduces one by one
Or increase one by one.
Foregoing steam turbine, it is characterised in that be formed with cylinder part, the outer wall of foregoing cylinder body some crossbeams and
The diameter parallel of longeron, foregoing crossbeam and cylinder body, foregoing longeron is parallel with the circumference of cylinder body, and crossbeam is mutually perpendicular to longeron,
Some concave surface fins are formed on the outer wall of cylinder body, insulation sheet is provided with concave surface, protective cover is provided with outside insulation sheet.
Foregoing steam turbine, it is characterised in that in cylinder part, sets on the interface of foregoing upper half cylinder body and lower half cylinder body
Correction mouthful and the adjustable stem of mutual cooperation are equipped with, when upper half cylinder body and lower half cylinder body pairing, adjustable stem is slipped into along correction mouth, is made
Obtain upper half cylinder body and lower half cylinder body is accurately docked to together.
Foregoing steam turbine, it is characterised in that foregoing cooling portion includes：Cooling storehouse, rotating shaft protective cover and atomized water spray
Head,
Foregoing cooling storehouse is cylindrical, is provided with water inlet and discharge outlet on the side wall of its circular arc, rotating shaft protective cover and
Water atomizing nozzle is arranged in foregoing cooling storehouse；
Aforementioned rotation axis protective cover is arranged on the rounded bottom surface in cooling storehouse, and water atomizing nozzle is arranged on rotating shaft protective cover,
Water atomizing nozzle is connected with the water inlet on cooling storehouse, and atomized water is sprayed directly in rotating shaft, and countershaft is lowered the temperature.
Foregoing steam turbine, it is characterised in that foregoing lubrication portion includes：Bearing, bearing holder (housing, cover) and seal oil component,
The inner ring of aforementioned bearings is enclosed within rotating shaft, and aforementioned axis bearing sleeve is enclosed within the outer ring of bearing and is integrally embedded in cooling
The circle centre position of storehouse rounded bottom surface, the inwall on the outer wall of rotating shaft with bearing holder (housing, cover) has been respectively formed on card rank, and bearing is axially locked at
In two card ranks, the quantity of aforementioned bearings is two, and oil input channel and oil expulsion channel, oil input channel, oil expulsion channel are left between two bearings
Both pass through bearing holder (housing, cover) and cooling Cang Cebi is in communication with the outside；
Foregoing seal oil component it is symmetrical be arranged on two outsides of bearing, it includes：Cartridge, pressing plate, gear
Plate and regulating bolt, wherein, aforementioned seal packing element, pressing plate and baffle plate are enclosed within rotating shaft, and cartridge is close to bearing setting, pressure
Plate is close to cartridge setting, and baffle plate is fixed on the two ends of bearing holder (housing, cover), and regulating bolt passes perpendicularly through baffle plate by pressing plate and fluid sealant
Cylinder is compressed.
Foregoing steam turbine, it is characterised in that foregoing lubrication portion also includes：Lubrication oil radiator, foregoing lubricating oil dissipates
Hot device is arranged on the outside of bearing holder (housing, cover), is connected with oil input channel and oil expulsion channel between two bearings.
The present invention is advantageous in that：
(1) impeller uses hollow-core construction, on the one hand, dramatically reduce the weight of impeller itself, so as to alleviate bearing
Load so that the non-aging abrasion of bearing；On the other hand, the deadweight of impeller is made not by volume and forging casting and process technology system
About, the volume and diameter of impeller can be bigger, so that moment of torsion can be bigger, the mechanical energy of generation is bigger, fundamentally improves
The mechanical efficiency of steam turbine；
(2) some deflecting grid are formed with the inwall of cylinder body, are formed between the air flue of deflecting grid and the rounded bottom surface of cylinder body
Angle more than 0 ° and less than 90 °, has manually changed airflow direction so that hot gas is spinned motion in working bin, does spiral shell
Revolve the effect of motion：First, cylinder volume can be smaller, such that it is able to reduce the heat energy required for maintaining acting；Second, high pressure
Steam is longer in the path that cylinder part is run, and thermal current is obtained repetitive cycling and utilizes, so as to the heat energy of steam turbine can be improved
Utilization rate；
(3) air flue on deflecting grid is corresponded and vertical with the wheel Board position on hollow impeller, airflow direction and wheel plate
Vertically so that the lifting surface area of wheel plate is maximized, wheel plate lifting surface area is big, and the mechanical energy that it is produced is also big；
(4) power of steam turbine is equal in the unit interval summation of wheel plate acting in each steam chest, because of the invention
Steam engine acting is individual more, therefore amount of work is big, and mechanical efficiency is high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the axial section of steam turbine of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the cylinder part in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the hollow impeller in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the cylinder body in Fig. 2；
Fig. 5 is the hollow impeller in Fig. 2 and the axial section after rotating shaft connection.
The implication of reference in figure：
1- cylinder parts；
11- rotating shafts, 12- hollow impellers, 13- cylinder bodies；
111- cylindrical end tangs, 112- projections, 113- cards rank, 121- wheel bodys, 122- wheel plates, 131- deflectings grid, 132- air inlets
Mouth, 133- exhaust outlets, 134- grooves, 135- heat keepers, 136- stay-warm cases；
1211- cylinders, 1212- axle sleeves, 1221- cavity volumes, 1311- steam chests；
2- coolings portion；
21- coolings storehouse；
211- water inlets, 212- discharge outlet；
3- lubrications portion,
31- bearings, 32- bearing holder (housing, cover)s, 33- seal oil components；
311- oil input channels, 312- oil expulsion channels, 321- cards rank, 331- cartridges, 332- pressing plates, 333- baffle plates, 334- are adjusted
Section bolt.
Specific embodiment
Make specific introduction to the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Reference picture 1, of the invention with heat utilization rate high and mechanical efficiency high and durable steam turbine, its entirety is in
Cylinder, including：Cylinder part 1, cooling portion 2 and lubrication portion 3, wherein, cooling portion 2 is located at the two ends of cylinder part 1, and lubrication portion 3 is embedding
Enter in two bottom surface circle centre positions in cooling portion 2.
The structure of cylinder part 1, cooling portion 2 and lubrication portion 3 is discussed in detail separately below.
First, cylinder part
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, cylinder part 1 includes successively from inside to outside：Rotating shaft 11, hollow impeller 12 and cylinder body 13.
1st, rotating shaft
Reference picture 1 and Fig. 5, rotating shaft 11 are provided with some cylindrical end tangs 111, cylindrical end tangs in the axial direction in cylinder
111 one side are used to realize the tight connection of rotating shaft 11 and hollow impeller 12, on the other hand for replacing the solid section of impeller,
Alleviate the weight of whole cylinder part 1.
Used as a kind of preferred scheme, the external diameter of the cylindrical end tangs 111 in rotating shaft 11 reduces or increases one by one one by one.
Used as a kind of preferred scheme, cylinder part 1 also includes：Jam plate (not shown).Jam plate is on annular, with rotating shaft 11
Cylindrical end tangs 111 be fixedly connected with the axle sleeve 1212 inside cylinder 1211, cylindrical end tangs 111 is locked in corresponding axle sleeve
In 1212, jam plate is to dual fail-safe in rotating shaft 11 and hollow impeller 12..
2nd, hollow impeller
Hollow impeller 12 is made up of wheel body 121 and some wheel plates 122.
Reference picture 1 and Fig. 5, wheel body 121 are formed by connecting by some section cylinders 1211, and each section cylinder 1211 internally all sets
Axle sleeve 1212 is equipped with, axle sleeve 1212 is concentric circles with cylinder 1211.Axle sleeve 1212 in wheel body 121 is fitted snugly in rotating shaft 11
Cylindrical end tangs 111 on, so as to rotating shaft 11 be fixed together with hollow impeller 12.
Reference picture 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, wheel plate 122 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the outer wall of wheel body 121, and wheel plate 122 with
Formed between the axis of wheel body 121 and be more than 0 ° and the angle less than 90 °, ring-shaped chamber is formed between two adjacent rings wheel plate 122
1221。
Impeller uses hollow-core construction, on the one hand, dramatically reduce the weight of impeller itself, so as to alleviate the negative of bearing
Lotus so that the non-aging abrasion of bearing；On the other hand, the deadweight of impeller is made not restricted by volume and forging casting and process technology,
The volume and diameter of impeller can be bigger, so that moment of torsion can be bigger, the mechanical energy of generation is bigger, fundamentally improves steam
The mechanical efficiency of turbine.
3rd, cylinder body
Reference picture 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, cylinder body 13 are cylindrical shape cylinder, and centre is working bin, and two ends are respectively into gas storehouse and row
Gas storehouse, the exhaust outlet 133 on the air inlet 132 entered in gas storehouse and exhaust storehouse is respectively positioned on the circular arc side wall of cylinder, whole cylinder
Body 13 is divided into two along symmetry axis, forms upper half cylinder body and lower half cylinder body, is so conducive to the installation and removal of hollow impeller.
In working bin section, some semicircular ring deformation are each formed with the axial direction on the inwall of upper half cylinder body and lower half cylinder body
To grid 131, deflecting grid 131 have some air flues being parallel to each other, and are formed between the air flue and the rounded bottom surface of cylinder body and are more than 0 °
And the angle less than 90 °, when upper half cylinder body and lower half cylinder body pairing, on upper half cylinder body and the same circumference of lower half cylinder body two
Individual semi-circular shape deflecting grid form a complete annulus, shape between the two neighboring deflecting grid 131 on cylinder body axis direction
Circularize steam chest 1311.
Entering gas storehouse section and exhaust storehouse section, entering in the circular side wall of gas storehouse and the circular side wall in exhaust storehouse has been respectively formed on confession
The axis hole that rotating shaft 11 is passed through, the inner surface of axis hole is formed with some annular grooves 134, and the outer surface of rotating shaft 11 is in corresponding position
Some annular protrusions 112 are formed with, annular protrusion 112 is stuck in annular groove 134.Annular protrusion 112 blocks with annular groove 134
After connecing, first, the contact surface for causing axis hole and rotating shaft be in multiple waveforms, hyperpyrexia HCS can be reduced and leaked, reduction heat energy
It is lost in, improves the thermal efficiency of steam turbine；Secondth, a locking device is formed so that hollow impeller and cylinder body are in axis direction
On position it is more stable.
Enter inside and outside the circular side wall of gas storehouse to be each provided with a heat keeper 135, the outside of two heat keepers 135 is each
It is provided with a stay-warm case 136.
It is vented inside and outside the circular side wall in storehouse and is also each provided with a heat keeper 135, two outsides of heat keeper 135
Also it is each provided with a stay-warm case 136.
The setting of double-layer heat insulation pad, can intercept into gas storehouse and exhaust storehouse in heat energy to lower the temperature storehouse heat transfer, so as to can subtract
Few heat energy loss, while can also reduce infringement of the heat energy to bearing lubrication system.
When cylinder body by hollow impeller 12 be fastened on its it is interior when, the annular deflecting grid 131 on inboard wall of cylinder block are in hollow impeller
In the ring-shaped chamber 1221 formed between two adjacent rings wheel plate 122 on 12, the wheel plate 122 on hollow impeller 12 is on cylinder body
In the annular steam chest 1311 formed between adjacent deflecting grid 131, and on air flue on deflecting grid 131 and hollow impeller 12
The position of wheel plate 122 correspond and vertical, the high steam entered in gas storehouse enters first deflecting grid 131, from first change
To in the vertical wheel plate plate face beaten in first steam chest 1311 of high steam that the air flue of grid 131 flows out, airflow direction with take turns
Plate is vertical so that the lifting surface area of wheel plate is maximized, and wheel plate lifting surface area is big, and the mechanical energy that it is produced is also big, on deflecting grid 131
Each air flue and corresponded with it and vertically disposed wheel plate 122 constitutes that an acting is individual, the high pressure after acting is steamed
Vapour enters back into second deflecting grid 131, is vertically beaten again at second from the high steam of second air flue outflow of deflecting grid 131
In wheel plate plate face in steam chest 1311, the like, continue uninterrupted acting, until high steam is to last steam chest 1311
Interior wheel plate 122 finishes work(, finally from the discharge of exhaust storehouse.The power of steam turbine is equal to each steam chest lubrication groove in the unit interval
The summation of plate acting, because steam engine of the invention acting is individual more, therefore amount of work is big, and mechanical efficiency is high.
Steam turbine of the invention, is formed with some deflecting grid 131, the air flue of deflecting grid 131 on the inwall of its cylinder body 13
Formed and the rounded bottom surface of cylinder body 13 between and be more than 0 ° and the angle less than 90 °, we have manually changed airflow direction so that
Hot gas is spinned motion, the effect of motion of spinning in working bin：First, cylinder volume can be smaller, such that it is able to reduce
Heat energy required for maintaining acting；Second, high steam is longer in the path that cylinder part is run, and thermal current is obtained repetitive cycling
Utilize, so as to the heat utilization rate of steam turbine can be improved.
As a kind of preferred scheme, some crossbeams (not shown) are formed with the outer wall of cylinder body 13 and longeron (is not schemed
Show), the diameter parallel of crossbeam and cylinder body 13, longeron is parallel with the circumference of cylinder body 13, and crossbeam is mutually perpendicular to longeron, in cylinder body
Some concave surface fins are formed on 13 outer wall, insulation sheet (not shown) is provided with concave surface, protective cover is provided with outside insulation sheet and (is not schemed
Show).
The a plurality of crossbeam and longeron set on the outer wall of cylinder body 13 so that cylinder body 13 is firmer, not only avoid cylinder body
13 deformations, and also reduce the consumption of steel.
The insulation sheet set in concave surface can reduce the loss of heat energy in cylinder body 13, reduce the generation of condensed water in cylinder body 13,
So as to the thermal efficiency of steam turbine can be improved.
It is further preferred that the correction mouthful that mutual cooperation is provided with the interface of upper half cylinder body and lower half cylinder body (is not schemed
Show) and adjustable stem (not shown), when upper half cylinder body and lower half cylinder body pairing, adjustable stem is slipped into along correction mouth so that upper half cylinder
Body and lower half cylinder body are accurately docked to together, and now, the wheel plate 122 on hollow impeller 12 is just in each self-corresponding steam chest 1311
It is interior.
2nd, cooling portion
Reference picture 1, cooling portion 2 includes：Cooling storehouse 21, rotating shaft protective cover (not shown) and water atomizing nozzle (not shown).
Cooling storehouse 21 is cylindrical, and water inlet 211 and discharge outlet 212, rotating shaft protection are provided with the side wall of its circular arc
Cover and water atomizing nozzle are arranged in cooling storehouse 21, wherein, rotating shaft protective cover is arranged on the rounded bottom surface in cooling storehouse 21, mist
Change sprinkler head to be arranged on rotating shaft protective cover, water atomizing nozzle is connected with the water inlet 211 on cooling storehouse, and atomized water directly sprays
In rotating shaft 11, countershaft 11 is lowered the temperature, and can improve the service life of bearing 31 and cartridge 331.
3rd, lubrication portion
Reference picture 1, lubrication portion 3 includes：Bearing 31, bearing holder (housing, cover) 32 and seal oil component 33.
The inner ring of bearing 31 is enclosed within rotating shaft 11, and card rank 113 is formed with the outer wall of rotating shaft 11, and card rank 113 is used to block
The inner ring of bearing 31, to prevent bearing 31 to be axially moveable.
Bearing holder (housing, cover) 32 is enclosed within the outer ring of bearing 31, and is integrally embedded in the circle centre position of the cooling rounded bottom surface of storehouse 21, axle
Card rank 321 is formed with the inwall of bearing sleeve 32, card rank 321 is used to block the outer ring of bearing 31, to prevent bearing 31 from moving vertically
It is dynamic.
The quantity of bearing 31 is two, leaves oil input channel 311 and oil expulsion channel 312 between two bearings 31, oil input channel 311,
Oil expulsion channel 312 both passes through bearing holder (housing, cover) 32 and the cooling side wall of storehouse 21 is in communication with the outside.
Used as a kind of preferred scheme, lubrication portion 3 also includes：Lubrication oil radiator (not shown).Lubrication oil radiator sets
Put in the outside of bearing holder (housing, cover) 32, connected with oil input channel 311 and oil expulsion channel 312 between two bearings 31.
The composition of seal oil component 33 is described below.
Reference picture 1, seal oil component 33 it is symmetrical be arranged on two outsides of bearing 31, it includes：Cartridge
331st, pressing plate 332, baffle plate 333 and regulating bolt 334.Wherein, cartridge 331, pressing plate 332 and baffle plate 333 are enclosed within rotating shaft
On 11, cartridge 331 is close to bearing 31 and is set, and pressing plate 332 is close to cartridge 331 and is set, and baffle plate 333 is fixed on bearing holder (housing, cover)
32 two ends, regulating bolt 334 passes perpendicularly through baffle plate 333 and compresses pressing plate 332 and cartridge 331.
It should be noted that above-described embodiment the invention is not limited in any way, all use equivalents or equivalent change
The technical scheme that the mode changed is obtained, all falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of steam turbine, overall in cylinder, including：Cylinder part (1), cooling portion (2) and lubrication portion (3), the cooling
Positioned at the two ends of cylinder part (1), lubrication portion (3) are embedded in two bottom surface circle centre positions of cooling portion (2) in portion (2), it is characterised in that
The cylinder part (1) includes successively from inside to outside：Rotating shaft (11), hollow impeller (12) and cylinder body (13),
The rotating shaft (11) is provided with some cylindrical end tangs (111) in the axial direction；
The hollow impeller (12) is made up of wheel body (121) and some wheel plates (122), and the wheel body (121) is by some section cylinders
(1211) it is formed by connecting, each section cylinder (1211) is internally both provided with axle sleeve (1212), axle sleeve (1212) and cylinder
(1211) it is concentric circles；The wheel plate (122) is evenly distributed on the circumference of wheel body (121) outer wall, and wheel plate (122) with
Formed between the axis of wheel body (121) and be more than 0 ° and the angle less than 90 °, annular formed between two adjacent rings wheel plate (122) and is held
Chamber (1221)；Axle sleeve (1212) in wheel body (121) is fitted snugly in the cylindrical end tangs (111) in rotating shaft (11), so that will
Rotating shaft (11) is fixed together with hollow impeller (12)；
The cylinder body (13) is cylindrical shape cylinder, and centre is working bin, and two ends are respectively into gas storehouse and exhaust storehouse, enter in gas storehouse
Exhaust outlet (133) on air inlet (132) and exhaust storehouse is respectively positioned on the circular arc side wall of cylinder, and whole cylinder body (13) is along symmetrical
Axle is divided into two, and forms upper half cylinder body and lower half cylinder body, in working bin section, along axis on the inwall of upper half cylinder body and lower half cylinder body
Direction is each formed with some semi-circular shape deflecting grid (131), and the deflecting grid (131) are with some air flues being parallel to each other, institute
State and formed more than 0 ° and the angle less than 90 °, when upper half cylinder body and lower half cylinder body pairing between air flue and the rounded bottom surface of cylinder body
When, two semi-circular shape deflecting grid on upper half cylinder body and the same circumference of lower half cylinder body form a complete annulus, cylinder body
Annular steam chest (1311) is formed between two neighboring deflecting grid (131) on axis direction；Enter gas storehouse section and exhaust storehouse section,
Enter in the circular side wall of gas storehouse and the circular side wall in exhaust storehouse is respectively formed on the axis hole passed through for rotating shaft (11), the interior table of axis hole
Face is formed with some annular grooves (134), and the outer surface of rotating shaft (11) is formed with some annular protrusions in corresponding position
(112), annular protrusion (112) is stuck in annular groove (134), it is described enter gas storehouse circular side wall inside and outside be each provided with
One heat keeper (135), is each provided with a stay-warm case (136), the circle in the exhaust storehouse on the outside of two heat keepers (135)
Also a heat keeper (135) is each provided with inside and outside the wall of side, the outside of two heat keepers (135) is also each provided with a guarantor
Temperature cover (136)；
When cylinder body by hollow impeller (12) be fastened on its it is interior when, the annular deflecting grid (131) on inboard wall of cylinder block are in hollow impeller
(12) in the ring-shaped chamber (1221) formed between two adjacent rings wheel plate (122) on, the wheel plate (122) on hollow impeller (12)
It is in the annular steam chest (1311) formed between deflecting grid (131) adjacent on cylinder body, and the gas on deflecting grid (131)
Road is corresponded and vertical with wheel plate (122) position on hollow impeller (12), and the high steam entered in gas storehouse enters first
Deflecting grid (131), beat in first steam chest (1311) from the high steam of first air flue outflow of deflecting grid (131) is vertical
Wheel plate plate face on, each air flue on deflecting grid (131) and corresponded with it and vertically disposed wheel plate (122) is constituted
One acting is individual, and the high steam after acting enters back into second deflecting grid (131), from second gas of deflecting grid (131)
In the wheel plate plate face that the high steam of road outflow is vertically beaten in second steam chest (1311) again, the like, continue uninterrupted
Acting, until high steam finishes work(to the wheel plate (122) in last steam chest (1311), finally from the discharge of exhaust storehouse.
2. steam turbine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cylinder part (1) also includes：Jam plate, the lock
Plate is in annular, is fixedly connected with the cylindrical end tangs (111) in rotating shaft (11) and the internal axle sleeve (1212) of cylinder (1211), is made
Cylindrical end tangs (111) are locked in corresponding axle sleeve (1212).
3. steam turbine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cylindricality on cylinder part (1), the rotating shaft (11)
The external diameter of boss (111) reduces or increases one by one one by one.
4. steam turbine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that on cylinder part (1), the outer wall of the cylinder body (13)
It is formed with the circumference of the diameter parallel of some crossbeams and longeron, the crossbeam and cylinder body (13), the longeron and cylinder body (13)
Line is parallel, and crossbeam is mutually perpendicular to longeron, and some concave surface fins are formed on the outer wall of cylinder body (13), and insulation is provided with concave surface
Piece, is provided with protective cover outside insulation sheet.
5. steam turbine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in cylinder part (1), the upper half cylinder body and lower half cylinder
Correction mouthful and the adjustable stem of mutual cooperation, when upper half cylinder body and lower half cylinder body pairing, adjustable stem are provided with the interface of body
Slipped into along correction mouth so that upper half cylinder body and lower half cylinder body are accurately docked to together.
6. the steam turbine according to claim 1 to 5 any one, it is characterised in that the cooling portion (2) includes：Drop
Warm storehouse (21), rotating shaft protective cover and water atomizing nozzle,
The cooling storehouse (21) is cylindrical, and water inlet (211) and discharge outlet (212) are provided with the side wall of its circular arc, turns
Axle protective cover and water atomizing nozzle are arranged in the cooling storehouse (21)；
The rotating shaft protective cover is arranged on the rounded bottom surface of cooling storehouse (21), and water atomizing nozzle is arranged on rotating shaft protective cover,
Water atomizing nozzle is connected with the water inlet (211) on cooling storehouse, and atomized water is sprayed directly in rotating shaft (11), and countershaft (11) enters
Row cooling.
7. steam turbine according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the lubrication portion (3) includes：Bearing (31), bearing
Set (32) and seal oil component (33),
The inner ring of the bearing (31) is enclosed within rotating shaft (11), and the bearing holder (housing, cover) (32) is enclosed within the outer ring of bearing (31) and whole
Body is embedded in the circle centre position of cooling storehouse (21) rounded bottom surface, and the inwall on the outer wall of rotating shaft (11) with bearing holder (housing, cover) (32) is respectively formed on
There is card rank (113,321), bearing (31) is axially locked in two cards rank (113,321), and the quantity of the bearing (31) is
Two, oil input channel (311) and oil expulsion channel (312) are left between two bearings (31), oil input channel (311), oil expulsion channel (312) are worn
Cross bearing holder (housing, cover) (32) and cooling storehouse (21) side wall is in communication with the outside；
The seal oil component (33) it is symmetrical be arranged on two outsides of bearing (31), it includes：Cartridge
(331), pressing plate (332), baffle plate (333) and regulating bolt (334), wherein, the cartridge (331), pressing plate (332) and gear
Plate (333) is enclosed within rotating shaft (11), and cartridge (331) is close to bearing (31) setting, and pressing plate (332) is close to cartridge
(331) set, baffle plate (333) is fixed on the two ends of bearing holder (housing, cover) (32), regulating bolt (334) passes perpendicularly through baffle plate (333) and will press
Plate (332) and cartridge (331) are compressed.
8. steam turbine according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the lubrication portion (3) also includes：Lubricating oil radiates
Device, the lubrication oil radiator is arranged on the outside of bearing holder (housing, cover) (32), with the oil input channel (311) between two bearings (31) and row
Oil duct (312) is connected.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610324310.8A CN105804801B (en) | 2016-05-16 | 2016-05-16 | A kind of steam turbine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610324310.8A CN105804801B (en) | 2016-05-16 | 2016-05-16 | A kind of steam turbine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105804801A CN105804801A (en) | 2016-07-27 |
| CN105804801B true CN105804801B (en) | 2017-06-20 |
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ID=56452375
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610324310.8A Expired - Fee Related CN105804801B (en) | 2016-05-16 | 2016-05-16 | A kind of steam turbine |
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| Country | Link |
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Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090060735A1 (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2009-03-05 | General Electric Company | Turbine rotor apparatus and system |
| CN102705017B (en) * | 2012-06-04 | 2014-06-18 | 高宏亮 | Steam turbine |
| CN104929701B (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2017-09-29 | 浙江红绿蓝纺织印染有限公司 | A kind of steam turbine generating equipment |
| CN205638568U (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-10-12 | 高宏亮 | Steam turbine with high heat utilization rate and high mechanical efficiency and durable |
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2016
- 2016-05-16 CN CN201610324310.8A patent/CN105804801B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN105804801A (en) | 2016-07-27 |
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Granted publication date: 20170620 Termination date: 20200516 |