CN105804663B - A kind of single-cone rotary drill bit with PDC combination teeth - Google Patents
A kind of single-cone rotary drill bit with PDC combination teeth Download PDFInfo
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- CN105804663B CN105804663B CN201610349072.6A CN201610349072A CN105804663B CN 105804663 B CN105804663 B CN 105804663B CN 201610349072 A CN201610349072 A CN 201610349072A CN 105804663 B CN105804663 B CN 105804663B
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- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002498 deadly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/50—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of roller type
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/08—Roller bits
- E21B10/16—Roller bits characterised by tooth form or arrangement
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of single-cone rotary drill bit with PDC combination teeth, belong to petroleum gas, mine engineering, building foundation engineering is constructed, geology, the drilling equipment technical field such as hydrology, including bit body and gear wheel, gear wheel is rotation connection with bit body, cutting tooth is provided with gear wheel, cutting tooth at least one on gear wheel is that PDC combines tooth, PDC combination teeth are combined by two PDC teeth, PDC teeth are made up of the polycrystalline diamond layer of body and the area above of covering body supporting surface 60%, the combination of two PDC teeth is brought into close contact for polycrystalline diamond layer, and it is in four layers of interlayer structure to be clamped by two bodies in outside；When PDC combination teeth are arranged on gear wheel, the normal of the polycrystalline diamond layer binding face of PDC combination teeth combines the angle of the cutter profile normal to a surface at tooth set-point with the PDC on gear wheel between 75 90 °.The present invention can improve the efficiency of breaking rock and service life of single-cone rotary drill bit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the drilling equipment skills such as petroleum gas, mine engineering, building foundation engineering construction, geology, the hydrology
Art field, concretely it is related to a kind of single-cone rotary drill bit.
Background technology
Drill bit is to fractured rock, the rock crushing tool of formation pit shaft in drilling engineering.Now used in drilling engineering
Drill bit mainly have rock bit and PDC (composite polycrystal-diamond) drill bit.
Gear wheel in rock bit is formed by bearing arrangement and bit body and is rotatablely connected, during bit operation, bit body rotation
Turn to drive gear wheel around drill axis rotates while, gear wheel can also be around the axis rotation of itself, and the cutting tooth on gear wheel is above-mentioned
Make the compound motion of complexity, rock bit category on-fixed cutter drill bits under the synthesis of two kinds of motions.
Single-cone rotary drill bit is one kind in rock bit, is one of main rock crushing tool used in drilling engineering, especially
It is to be played an important role in the slimhole drilling of deep ＆ ultra-deep well.Single-cone rotary drill bit mainly utilizes the tooth on gear wheel
The extruding of (cutting tooth) to rock, which is scraped, cuts effect broken rock, and the cutting tooth on gear wheel is scraped in shaft bottom with web form cuts rock.Single tooth
Cutting tooth a part of (gear wheel front end) on wheel bit cone contacts broken rock, a part of cutting tooth rotation and shaft bottom with shaft bottom all the time
Contact broken rock, this just the gear wheel of single-cone rotary drill bit divide into permanent contact zone (gear wheel front end, as Fig. 5 21) and alternately contact zone
(the 22 of such as Fig. 5).
In single-cone rotary drill bit drilling process gear wheel around drill axis rotate while also in the axis rotation of itself, gear wheel
Cutting tooth change with respect to the butt of scraping of bottom rock to constantly：Cutting tooth on gear wheel perseverance contact zone cuts rock mistake scraping
Cheng Zhong, it constantly changes with respect to the butt of scraping of rock between 0~360 °；Cutting tooth on gear wheel alternating contact zone is cut scraping
During rock, it changes with respect to the butt of scraping of rock between 0~180 °.This makes directly apply on single-cone rotary drill bit
It is particularly well suited for the extremely strong diamond class cutting tooth of composite polycrystal-diamond (PDC teeth) uniform wearability of the broken rock in the form of scraping and cut.
Reason is that composite polycrystal-diamond (PDC teeth) is made up of body and polycrystalline diamond layer two parts, rock is risen main
It is polycrystalline diamond layer to scrape cut effect, PDC teeth scrape cut as when there is directionality, can only be polycrystalline diamond layer in preceding body
Rear.If PDC teeth are in the course of the work directly by opposition, it is easy to cause bursting apart for polycrystalline diamond layer, sternly
The working life of PDC teeth is reduced again, or even makes the damage failure of PDC teeth within the extremely short time.
Therefore, the cutting tooth on existing single-cone rotary drill bit is generally hard-metal insert, and the wearability of hard-metal insert is remote not
And the diamond class cutting tooth such as PDC teeth.The wearability deficiency of cutting tooth is the deadly defect of single-cone rotary drill bit, and cutting tooth is easy to wear
The service life of single-cone rotary drill bit is had a strong impact on.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：A kind of single-cone rotary drill bit with PDC combination teeth is proposed, to improve single-cone rotary drill bit
Efficiency of breaking rock and service life.
The object of the invention is realized by following technical proposals：
A kind of single-cone rotary drill bit with PDC combination teeth, including bit body and gear wheel, gear wheel are the company of rotation with bit body
Connect, be provided with cutting tooth on gear wheel, the cutting tooth at least one on gear wheel is that PDC combines tooth, and PDC combines tooth by two PDC
Tooth is combined, and PDC teeth are made up of (preferably by this polycrystalline diamond layer of body and the area above of covering body supporting surface 60%
The polycrystalline diamond layer of body and the covering whole supporting surface of body is formed), the combination of two PDC teeth is tight for polycrystalline diamond layer
Closely connected conjunction, and be in four layers of interlayer structure by the two bodies clamping in outside, and be more than close to the thickness of cone portion away from gear wheel portion
The thickness divided, farthest away from 2 times of the respectively less than middle polycrystalline diamond layer thickness of both sides body thickness of the tip portion of gear wheel, Gu
3 times of middle polycrystalline diamond layer thickness are all higher than due to the both sides body thickness in gear wheel；PDC combines the polycrystalline diamond of tooth
The normal of layer binding face combines the angle of the cutter profile normal to a surface at tooth set-point with the PDC on gear wheel at 75-90 °.
Composite polycrystal-diamond is also known as PDC teeth (Polycrystalline Diamond Compact) or PDC is compound
Piece, it is made up of (with reference to figure 6) polycrystalline diamond layer and body two parts.PDC teeth are using diadust and hard alloy substrate
Sinter and form under the conditions of high pressure high temperature.(thickness is typically in 0.5- for the polycrystalline diamond layer of diadust formation PDC teeth
Between 3mm), hard alloy substrate turns into the body of PDC teeth.PDC teeth had both had high rigidity, the high-wearing feature of diamond, had again
There are the intensity and toughness of hard alloy, be the ideal material for manufacturing cutting tool, drilling bit and other wear resistant tools.
PDC teeth are suitable for working in a manner of scraping and cut, because the hardness and wearability of the polycrystalline diamond layer of PDC teeth are significantly larger than hard
The body of alloy material, thus PDC teeth scrape cut as when there is self-sharpening, i.e. the rate of wear of polycrystalline diamond layer is substantially slow
In body, the cutting edge (hard and wear-resisting polycrystalline diamond layer) of PDC teeth is set to remain sharp keen state.
When PDC teeth are scraped cut and made, serve and main scrape that cut is polycrystalline diamond layer.The polycrystalline diamond layer of PDC teeth is hard
And it is crisp, body is relatively soft but has good toughness, thus PDC teeth scrape cut as when there is directionality, can only be poly-
Diamond layer carries out scraping cutting (with reference to figure 7) in preceding body after, i.e., body is in the rear portion of polycrystalline diamond layer and pushes away and hold support
Polycrystalline diamond layer.If the counter motion in the course of the work of PDC teeth, body are scraped in preceding polycrystalline diamond layer after
Cut, polycrystalline diamond layer is directly by opposition, it is easy to bursting apart or coming off for polycrystalline diamond layer is caused, it is serious to reduce
The working life of PDC teeth, or even make the damage failure of PDC teeth within the extremely short time.
In this patent, the normal of the polycrystalline diamond layer binding face of PDC combination teeth, refer to perpendicular to the poly- of PDC combination teeth
The straight line of diamond layer binding face.Cutter profile curved surface, refer to before cutting tooth is set, former gear wheel solid object surface (curved surface).
Normal at cutter profile curved surface point, refer to the straight line perpendicular to the section.PDC combination teeth set-point on gear wheel,
Refer to before setting PDC to combine tooth, setting the positioning of cutting tooth (reference) point on former gear wheel surface.Axial plane referred to tooth
The plane of wheel axis；The axial plane for crossing PDC combination teeth set-point refers to not only cross PDC combination tooth set-points but also crosses the flat of gear wheel axis
Face, i.e., combine tooth set-point and plane that gear wheel axis determines by PDC.
The PDC combination teeth that the PDC teeth that two polycrystalline diamond layers fit are formed are arranged on into single cone in this patent to bore
On the gear wheel of head, it is compared with the beneficial effect of prior art：
1st, the PDC teeth that the PDC combination teeth on this patent single-cone rotary drill bit are fitted by two polycrystalline diamond layers are formed,
The polycrystalline diamond layer of PDC combination teeth is in the centre of the cemented carbide body of two PDC teeth, has hard alloy sheet before and after being formed
It is the combination tooth of polycrystalline diamond layer among body.PDC combines tooth during scraping and cutting through rock, no matter combines tooth scraping with respect to rock
Butt to how, the polycrystalline diamond layers of each PDC teeth will not make body in preceding polycrystalline diamond as common single PDC tooth
Layer is scraped after cuts rock.The polycrystalline diamond layer of two PDC teeth of PDC combination teeth is mutually brought into close contact, when a PDC tooth
Body in preceding polycrystalline diamond layer when rear, the polycrystalline diamond layer of another PDC tooth will be scraped and cut through in preceding and body rear
Always there is body to be held in pusher in journey and support polycrystalline diamond layer.So, regardless of the direction of motion of the cutting tooth with respect to rock
Change, all without as single independent PDC tooth bursting apart or coming off for polycrystalline diamond layer occurs for PDC combination teeth.In addition, tooth
PDC combination teeth on wheel are combined by two PDC teeth to be formed, and its wearability is significantly larger than the hard used on conventional roller cone drill bit and closed
Golden tooth.Therefore, PDC combines tooth and applies the wearability that drill teeth will can be significantly improved on the gear wheel of single-cone rotary drill bit, and then
Improve the service life of drill bit.
2nd, the PDC combination teeth of this patent use four layers of interlayer structure (body-glomerocryst Buddha's warrior attendant that two PDC teeth combine
Rock layers-polycrystalline diamond layer-body), directly can directly it be combined using existing PDC teeth, it is the simplest efficient.According to this
Patent foregoing teachings, skilled person will appreciate that, a kind of replacement being readily apparent that as this patent structure：Three-layer sandwich knot
Structure (body-polycrystalline diamond layer-body), two kinds of implementations that this structure is contemplated that, one kind is direct global formation,
This scheme can realize in theory, but because actual processing process is excessively difficult, it is virtually impossible to realize can not possess this patent
That industrially applies significantly facilitates efficient advantage；Another kind is the combination of existing PDC teeth and independent body, similarly, it is necessary to
Additional designs process a single body, can not possess the significantly convenient efficient advantage that this patent is industrially applied.This is
Because the polycrystalline diamond layer of PDC teeth is directly bonded with single body, when PDC teeth, which are reversely scraped, to be cut, independent body is PDC
The polycrystalline diamond layer of tooth provides the mechanical thrust of contact, and independent body is not formed with polycrystalline diamond layer and closely melted
Close, the polycrystalline diamond layer of PDC teeth is scraped by opposition when cutting damage, the abrasion of polycrystalline diamond layer come off with individually
The abrasion that PDC teeth are reversely scraped when cutting comes off similar.Independent body can only give polycrystalline diamond layer mechanical thrust, and can not provide guarantor
The effect of holding.And this patent is combined by two PDC teeth, no matter cutting tooth thataway moves, and combination tooth always has a PDC
Tooth is that polycrystalline diamond layer is cut in posterior forward scrape of preceding body, and the body of the tooth provides for two PDC teeth while push away holding force,
Confining force can also be provided for the polycrystalline diamond layer of itself, because body is by chemistry, physics with polycrystalline diamond layer
It is combined together after reaction, its mutual synthesis and ubiquit, there is the active force of chemical bond between body and polycrystalline diamond layer.This
Body makes PDC odontotripsises slow this confining force of polycrystalline diamond layer, combine tooth a PDC tooth slowly wear can slow down it is another
The abrasion of one tooth, so as to improve the whole performance for combining tooth and life-span.In addition, as a kind of deformation, once had in single PDC tooth
The body face of cylinder on a small amount of polycrystalline diamond is set, polycrystalline diamond is absorbed in the depth of body within 2mm, straight less than cylinder
/ 5th of footpath, distance (edge of the polycrystalline diamond away from the polycrystalline diamond layer on body end face set on the body face of cylinder
PDC teeth cylinder axial direction) it is more than 2mm, but this scheme is eliminated quickly.Reason is：Set on the face of cylinder of this PDC teeth a small amount of
Polycrystalline diamond, in order that slow down the rate of wear of the PDC teeth in the strong stratum of abrasiveness, but due to the glomerocryst on the face of cylinder
Diamond must be provided with a segment distance with polycrystalline diamond layer on body end face and (be more than 2mm, be the polycrystalline diamond layer on end face
Effective body is provided, polycrystalline diamond layer is avoided without enough body supports and keeps intensity), larger distance makes PDC teeth
Pressure-bearing surface substantially increase, and PDC tooth energy high-efficient scrapings cut through rock premise be PDC teeth can first wedging (intrusion) rock, the program
Make PDC teeth can not effective wedging stratum, while also counteract PDC teeth from sharp function, reduce the efficiency of breaking rock of PDC teeth, because
This using effect is bad, is eliminated quickly.The PDC teeth that the PDC combination teeth of this patent are brought into close contact by two polycrystalline diamond layers
Form, be avoided that above mentioned problem, and it is simple efficient.
3rd, PDC teeth are when scraping cut and making with good self-sharpening, and the rate of wear of polycrystalline diamond layer is considerably slower than this
Body.The PDC teeth that PDC combination teeth are fitted by two polycrystalline diamond layers are formed, and the centre of PDC combination teeth is hard, and wearability is high, and two
The body on side is relatively soft, and wearability is weak, and this is easy to the centre of PDC combination teeth to go out sword, PDC combination teeth is remained middle gold
The good exposure of hard rock.Cutting tooth on single-cone rotary drill bit is in the drill bit broken rock course of work, and cutting tooth is with respect between rock
Scrape butt to continuous change (cutting tooth on gear wheel perseverance contact zone is scraped cut through rock when relative rock scrape butt to 0~
Constantly change between 360 °；Cutting tooth on gear wheel alternating contact zone scrape cut through rock when relative rock scrape butt to 0~
Change between 180 °), hard-metal insert on gear wheel scrape butt can be blunt by rounding to tooth top water caltrop during continually changing
Change, scrape and cut efficiency reduction.PDC combination teeth are used for single cone, and no matter cutting tooth scrapes butt to how to change, and it can keep
Tooth top is from sharp, and diamond exposure, which is scraped, cuts through rock, tooth top is remained that sharp keen state avoids being passivated, its relative harder alloy dental transition
It is easy to invade rock, is easier to scrape and cuts through rock.Therefore, brill can be significantly improved using PDC combination teeth on the gear wheel of single-cone rotary drill bit
While head service life, that improves Cutter scrapes the efficiency of breaking rock for cutting efficiency and drill bit.Particularly combined in this patent
Tooth is more than the thickness away from cone portion close to the thickness of cone portion, farthest away from the both sides body thickness of the tip portion of gear wheel
2 times of polycrystalline diamond layer thickness among respectively less than, the both sides body thickness being fixed in gear wheel is all higher than middle glomerocryst Buddha's warrior attendant
3 times of rock layers thickness, thus composite tooth form is into form wide under point on vertical section profile.With the bottom both sides body of gear wheel consolidation
Thickness degree is much larger than polycrystalline diamond layer, and preferably firm power is provided for polycrystalline diamond layer, and as towards shaft bottom
The top of working position, very thin (or even thickness limit approaches zero) causes combination tooth to be worked in shaft bottom to its both sides body layer again
When, the body layer of tip both sides is very thin, and ratio pressure when combining tooth wedging (intrusion) rock is high, is easy to wedging rock, is also beneficial to
The relatively quick-wearing of body and going out exposes the polycrystalline diamond layer of centre so that polycrystalline diamond layer can as early as possible exposure and effectively eat
Enter stratum, and can improve to scrape and cut efficiency using the self-sharpening of PDC teeth.
4th, due to the cutting tooth on single-cone rotary drill bit bit body rotate and the compound motion of gear wheel itself rotation under it is relative
Rock, which is scraped, cuts motion, and the cutting tooth on gear wheel scrapes butt to constantly changing with respect to bottom rock.In this patent, PDC combinations
When tooth is arranged on gear wheel, the normal of the polycrystalline diamond layer binding face of PDC combination teeth combines tooth set-point with the PDC on gear wheel
The angle of the cutter profile normal to a surface at place is between 75-90 °.Combine the normal of tooth binding face and the gear wheel at set-point
The normal of contour surface is vertical or near vertical, namely the polycrystalline diamond layer binding face of combination tooth and the gear wheel wheel at set-point
The normal parallel of contour curved surface or close to parallel.It so can ensure that the combination tooth on gear wheel is scraping butt to continually changing complicated fortune
Under dynamic, the polycrystalline diamond layer for combining tooth scrape cutting through vertically or to invade (wedging) rock close to vertical direction all the time
Rock (is similar to PDC teeth in Fig. 7 and scrapes butt formula), combines the polycrystalline diamond layer of tooth and this physical efficiency of both sides while wears, and
Direction of the wear direction along polycrystalline diamond layer binding face (perpendicular to the normal direction of polycrystalline diamond layer binding face).Its energy
Combination tooth is set to make full use of good the scraping of PDC to cut performance and self-sharpening.If not above-mentioned set-up mode, PDC combination teeth will first be ground
Certain side body is damaged, after treating body wear, then regrinds damage polycrystalline diamond layer, this will be unable to scrape using PDC teeth are excellent
Performance and self-sharpening are cut, conversely can also reduce the efficiency of breaking rock of single-cone rotary drill bit.Therefore, this patent can make full use of PDC teeth
Advantage, improve bit performance.
5th, single-cone rotary drill bit only has a gear wheel, is easy to slim-hole, should be bored well in deep-well, ultra-deep well drilling
Well instrument, but because the existing cutting tooth of single-cone rotary drill bit wears no resistance, scrapes that to cut through rock less efficient, limits single-cone rotary drill bit
Application effect, therefore single-cone rotary drill bit is slowly rarely employed in wellbore construction.The PDC teeth of this patent are with glomerocryst Buddha's warrior attendant
The mode that rock layers fit forms PDC combination teeth, and the PDC teeth for enabling to be particularly well suited for the broken rock in the form of scraping and cut are applied in single cone brill
On head, the efficiency of breaking rock and service life of drill bit are improved, this will widen the use range of single-cone rotary drill bit, and enhancing single cone bores
Application value of the head in drilling well (particularly in deep-well).Meanwhile because single-cone rotary drill bit, which is mainly scraped, cuts through rock, on single cone
Cutting tooth scraped in shaft bottom and cut long time and distance (alternately contact zone on cutting tooth) cuts out shaft bottom or always in well again
Bottom, which is scraped, cuts (cutting tooth on permanent contact zone), and single-cone rotary drill bit and PDC combine the combination of tooth, can be more suitable for PDC combination teeth and make
Performance；And other drilling bit of multiple rollers or gear wheel and the compound composite drill bit of other cutting structures, because gear wheel mainly rushes
Rock is crushed, PDC teeth are not suitable for punching press broken rock, and the effect of PDC combination teeth can not give full play to.
Alternatively, the gear wheel of this patent is spherical.
Alternatively, the normal of the polycrystalline diamond layer binding face of PDC combinations tooth combines tooth set-point with the PDC on gear wheel
The angle of the cutter profile normal to a surface at place is 90 ° (i.e. two normals are vertical).
Alternatively, between the polycrystalline diamond layer plane of PDC combinations tooth combines the axial plane of tooth set-point with the PDC excessively
Angle at 45-90 °；Further, the polycrystalline diamond layer plane of PDC combinations tooth combines the axle of tooth set-point with crossing the PDC
Angle between plane is at 60-90 °；Further, the polycrystalline diamond layer plane of PDC combinations tooth combines tooth with crossing the PDC
Angle between the axial plane of set-point is at 75-90 °；Especially, PDC combines the polycrystalline diamond layer plane of tooth with crossing the PDC
The axial plane for combining tooth set-point is vertical.The PDC combination teeth of this patent can have various arranged direction/angles, tooth on gear wheel
Cutting tooth on wheel scrapes that the distance cut is very long in shaft bottom, and scrape cut during cutting tooth scrape butt to not with respect to bottom rock
Change disconnectedly, PDC combination tooth polycrystalline diamond layer plane with mistake the PDC combine tooth set-point axial plane angle it is larger or vertical
When straight, PDC combination teeth scrape that to cut scraping for rock big during the amount of cutting (scraping the volume for cutting rock) smaller angle in shaft bottom, wherein glomerocryst gold
Hard rock layer plane with cross the PDC combine tooth set-point axial plane angle close to arranged direction/angle at 90 ° or vertical most
Good, can maximize performance PDC combination teeth scrapes the ability of cutting.
Alternatively, PDC combines tooth and is arranged on the permanent contact zone of gear wheel.In the program, the work of single-cone rotary drill bit broken rock
During, the cutting tooth on gear wheel perseverance contact zone contacts broken rock with shaft bottom all the time, and its rate of wear is faster than cutting on other regions
Cut tooth.PDC is set to combine tooth by the wearability that can significantly improve the region cutting tooth and scrape and cut efficiency on the permanent contact zone of gear wheel,
So as to improve the service life of drill bit and efficiency of breaking rock.
Alternatively, PDC combines tooth and is arranged on the alternating contact zone of gear wheel.In the program, DC combination teeth are arranged on tooth
By the wearability that can significantly improve the region cutting tooth and scrape on the alternating contact zone of wheel and cut efficiency.
Alternatively, PDC is combined is chamfered on the outside of the both sides body of tooth, forms the PDC of up-narrow and down-wide wedge structure
Combine tooth.In the program, up-narrow and down-wide wedge structure makes the top narrower (thin) of PDC combination teeth more sharp, is advantageous to PDC groups
Close tooth intrusion rock and improve drill bit efficiency of breaking rock.
Alternatively, the outside of the both sides body of PDC combinations tooth is cut off by inner concave curve, forms up-narrow and down-wide structure
PDC combines tooth.In the program, the both ends body of PDC combination teeth is cut off by inner concave curve, makes the top of PDC combination teeth more sharp,
Be advantageous to PDC combination tooth intrusion rocks and improve drill bit efficiency of breaking rock.Meanwhile the PDC that both ends body is cut off by inner concave curve is combined
Tooth, the increase from tooth top down transverse tooth thickness are slow.When PDC combination teeth have abrasion, body indent excision in both sides can slow down cutting tooth
The speed of transverse tooth thickness increase, the cutting tooth after abrasion is continued to keep relatively thin tooth top thickness, keep the energy of cutting tooth intrusion rock
Power, be advantageous to improve the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit.
As further selection, the inner concave curve that the both sides body of PDC combination teeth is formed by multistage curve combination is cut off, shape
PDC into up-narrow and down-wide structure combines tooth.
As another further selection, PDC combines the interior concave curved that the both sides body of tooth is formed by curve and Straight Combination
Line is cut off, and forms the PDC combination teeth of up-narrow and down-wide structure.
The foregoing main scheme of the present invention and its each further selection scheme can be this with independent assortment to form multiple schemes
The scheme that invention can be used and is claimed；And the present invention each non conflicting selection between and with other selection can be any
Combination, those skilled in the art can understand there are multiple combinations after the present invention program is understood according to prior art and common knowledge,
It is the claimed technical scheme of the present invention, does not do exhaustion herein.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is that the PDC of the embodiment of the present invention 1 combines toothing schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is that the PDC of the embodiment of the present invention 2 combines the structural representation of tooth；
Fig. 4 is that the PDC of the embodiment of the present invention 3 combines the structural representation of tooth；
Fig. 5 is that the contact area when gear wheel of single-cone rotary drill bit contacts with bottom rock divides schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is conventional PDC toothings schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 normally scrapes schematic diagram when cutting through rock for conventional PDC teeth；
In figure：1st, bit body, 2, gear wheel, 21, permanent contact zone, 22, alternately contact zone, 3, PDC combination teeth；31st, body,
32nd, polycrystalline diamond layer；4th, rock.
Embodiment
Following non-limiting examples are used to illustrate the present invention.
Embodiment 1：
With reference to shown in figure 1,2, a kind of single-cone rotary drill bit with PDC combination teeth, including bit body 1 and gear wheel 2, gear wheel 2
It is rotation connection with bit body 1, is provided with cutting tooth on gear wheel 2, the cutting tooth at least one on gear wheel 2 is that PDC combines tooth
3, preferably, all PDC combination teeth 3 of cutting tooth on gear wheel 2 (with reference to shown in figure 1)；PDC combines tooth 3 by two PDC teeth
Combine, PDC teeth are made up of that (glomerocryst is golden i.e. in figure the polycrystalline diamond layer 32 of body 31 and covering 31 whole supporting surface of body
Hard rock layer 32 covers 31 whole end face of body), the combination of two PDC teeth is brought into close contact for polycrystalline diamond layer 32, and by
Two bodies 31 clamping in outside is in four layers of interlayer structure, and is more than the thickness away from cone portion close to the thickness of cone portion,
With reference to shown in figure 2, the both sides body thickness W1 farthest away from the tip portion of gear wheel is respectively less than middle polycrystalline diamond layer thickness W3
2 times, the both sides body thickness W2 being fixed in gear wheel is all higher than 3 times of middle polycrystalline diamond layer thickness W3；Preferably,
As shown in this embodiment, the outside of the both sides body 31 of PDC combinations tooth is chamfered, and forms the PDC of up-narrow and down-wide wedge structure
Combine tooth., should on the normal and gear wheel of the polycrystalline diamond layer binding face of PDC combination teeth when PDC combination teeth are arranged on gear wheel
The angle of cutter profile normal to a surface at PDC combination teeth set-point is between 75-90 °.
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and its difference is：In the outside of the both sides body 31 of PDC combination teeth
Sag vertical curve is cut off, and forms the PDC combination teeth of up-narrow and down-wide structure.Alternatively, with reference to shown in figure 3, PDC combines the both sides sheet of tooth
The inner concave curve that body 31 is formed by multistage curve combination is cut off, and forms the PDC combination teeth of up-narrow and down-wide structure.
Embodiment 3：
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and its difference is：In the outside of the both sides body 31 of PDC combination teeth
Sag vertical curve is cut off, and forms the PDC combination teeth of up-narrow and down-wide structure.Alternatively, with reference to shown in figure 4, PDC combines the both sides sheet of tooth
The inner concave curve excision that body 31 is formed by curve and Straight Combination, form the PDC combination teeth of up-narrow and down-wide structure.
Embodiment 4：
With reference to shown in figure 5, the present embodiment is essentially identical with embodiment 1 to 4, and its difference is：PDC combination teeth are arranged on tooth
On the permanent contact zone 21 (region that gear wheel contacts all the time with shaft bottom) of wheel 2, or, the alternating that PDC combination teeth are arranged on gear wheel 2 connects
Touch in area 22 (region that gear wheel alternately contacts with shaft bottom).
Embodiment 5：
The present embodiment is essentially identical with embodiment 1 to 4, and its difference is：PDC combination tooth polycrystalline diamond layer plane with
The axial plane of crossing PDC combinations tooth set-point is vertical, and (i.e. PDC, which combines tooth and combines tooth with respect to the PDC in Fig. 1, to be rotated by 90 °, in Fig. 1
PDC combination tooth polycrystalline diamond layer plane with cross the PDC combine tooth set-point axial plane it is parallel or coincidence).
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of single-cone rotary drill bit with PDC combination teeth, including bit body and gear wheel, gear wheel are rotation connection with bit body,
Cutting tooth is provided with gear wheel, it is characterised in that：Cutting tooth at least one on gear wheel is that PDC combines tooth, PDC combine tooth by
Two PDC teeth are combined, and PDC teeth are made up of the polycrystalline diamond layer of body and the area above of covering body supporting surface 60%, and two
The combination of PDC teeth is brought into close contact for polycrystalline diamond layer, and is in four layers of interlayer structure by the two bodies clamping in outside, and
Thickness close to cone portion is more than the thickness away from cone portion, and the both sides body thickness farthest away from the tip portion of gear wheel is equal
Less than 2 times of middle polycrystalline diamond layer thickness, the both sides body thickness being fixed in gear wheel is all higher than middle polycrystalline diamond
3 times of thickness degree；The normal of the polycrystalline diamond layer binding face of PDC combination teeth is combined at tooth set-point with the PDC on gear wheel
The angle of cutter profile normal to a surface is at 75-90 °.
2. the single-cone rotary drill bit as claimed in claim 1 with PDC combination teeth, it is characterised in that：The glomerocryst gold of PDC combination teeth
The angle that the normal of hard rock layer binding face combines the cutter profile normal to a surface at tooth set-point with the PDC on gear wheel is 90 °.
3. the single-cone rotary drill bit as claimed in claim 1 or 2 with PDC combination teeth, it is characterised in that：PDC combination teeth gather
Diamond layer plane combines angle between the axial plane of tooth set-point at 45-90 ° with crossing the PDC；The axial plane refers to
Cross the plane of gear wheel axis；The axial plane for crossing PDC combination teeth set-point refers to not only cross PDC combination tooth set-points but also crosses gear wheel axis
Plane.
4. the single-cone rotary drill bit as claimed in claim 3 with PDC combination teeth, it is characterised in that：The glomerocryst gold of PDC combination teeth
Hard rock layer plane combines angle between the axial plane of tooth set-point at 60-90 ° with crossing the PDC.
5. the single-cone rotary drill bit as claimed in claim 4 with PDC combination teeth, it is characterised in that：The glomerocryst gold of PDC combination teeth
The axial plane that hard rock layer plane combines tooth set-point with the PDC excessively is vertical.
6. the single-cone rotary drill bit as claimed in claim 1 with PDC combination teeth, it is characterised in that：PDC combination teeth are arranged on tooth
On the permanent contact zone of wheel.
7. the single-cone rotary drill bit as claimed in claim 1 with PDC combination teeth, it is characterised in that：PDC combination teeth are arranged on tooth
On the alternating contact zone of wheel.
8. the single-cone rotary drill bit as claimed in claim 1 with PDC combination teeth, it is characterised in that：PDC combines the both sides sheet of tooth
It is chamfered on the outside of body, forms the PDC combination teeth of up-narrow and down-wide wedge structure.
9. the single-cone rotary drill bit as claimed in claim 1 with PDC combination teeth, it is characterised in that：PDC combines the both sides sheet of tooth
The outside of body is cut off by inner concave curve, forms the PDC combination teeth of up-narrow and down-wide structure.
10. the single-cone rotary drill bit as claimed in claim 9 with PDC combination teeth, it is characterised in that：PDC combines the both sides of tooth
Body is cut off by the inner concave curve that multistage curve combination is formed or formed by curve and Straight Combination, forms up-narrow and down-wide structure
PDC combines tooth.
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| CN201610349072.6A CN105804663B (en) | 2016-05-24 | 2016-05-24 | A kind of single-cone rotary drill bit with PDC combination teeth |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610349072.6A CN105804663B (en) | 2016-05-24 | 2016-05-24 | A kind of single-cone rotary drill bit with PDC combination teeth |
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| CN105804663B true CN105804663B (en) | 2018-01-09 |
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| CN201610349072.6A Expired - Fee Related CN105804663B (en) | 2016-05-24 | 2016-05-24 | A kind of single-cone rotary drill bit with PDC combination teeth |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106639887B (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-09-14 | 西南石油大学 | Rotary teeth single-cone rotary drill bit |
| CN114402115A (en) | 2019-05-21 | 2022-04-26 | 斯伦贝谢技术有限公司 | Hybrid drill bit |
| CN110728076B (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2022-07-05 | 西南石油大学 | Method for calculating bottom hole rock support dimension |
| WO2022072369A1 (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2022-04-07 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Hybrid bit |
| CN113405895B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-11-04 | 西南石油大学 | A anchor clamps for scraping cut and strike compound broken rock test |
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| SU1599517A1 (en) * | 1979-09-17 | 1990-10-15 | В.Г.Смирнов и В.С.Травкин | Tooth of roller bit |
| US5706906A (en) * | 1996-02-15 | 1998-01-13 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Superabrasive cutting element with enhanced durability and increased wear life, and apparatus so equipped |
| CN1594825A (en) * | 2004-06-23 | 2005-03-16 | 江汉石油钻头股份有限公司 | Cone single roller bit |
| CN201835753U (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2011-05-18 | 西南石油大学 | Polycrystalline diamond compact for rock-breaking tool for drilling |
| CN103939022A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-07-23 | 河北驰恒钻头制造有限公司 | Combined drill bit combining PDC drill bit and roller bit for joint rock breaking |
| CN204386476U (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-06-10 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of PDC combined based on on-plane surface strengthens the single-cone rotary drill bit of tooth |
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2016
- 2016-05-24 CN CN201610349072.6A patent/CN105804663B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1599517A1 (en) * | 1979-09-17 | 1990-10-15 | В.Г.Смирнов и В.С.Травкин | Tooth of roller bit |
| US5706906A (en) * | 1996-02-15 | 1998-01-13 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Superabrasive cutting element with enhanced durability and increased wear life, and apparatus so equipped |
| CN1594825A (en) * | 2004-06-23 | 2005-03-16 | 江汉石油钻头股份有限公司 | Cone single roller bit |
| CN201835753U (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2011-05-18 | 西南石油大学 | Polycrystalline diamond compact for rock-breaking tool for drilling |
| CN103939022A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-07-23 | 河北驰恒钻头制造有限公司 | Combined drill bit combining PDC drill bit and roller bit for joint rock breaking |
| CN204386476U (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-06-10 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of PDC combined based on on-plane surface strengthens the single-cone rotary drill bit of tooth |
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| CN105804663A (en) | 2016-07-27 |
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