CN105803142B - The burnt mixing loading method of large blast furnace gradation level ore deposit - Google Patents
The burnt mixing loading method of large blast furnace gradation level ore deposit Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/007—Conditions of the cokes or characterised by the cokes used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/008—Composition or distribution of the charge
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Abstract
The burnt mixing loading method of large blast furnace gradation level ore deposit：According to conventional definite every batch of ore weight and proportioning, and coke and sinter are subjected to grading respectively；First the coke of particle size diameter D >=25mm is loaded in blast furnace, and is covered with whole furnace throat section；Again by the sinter of coke and particle size diameter D >=12mm that particle size diameter D is 13 mm≤25 mm of D ＜, and it is other to be uniformly mixed and load in blast furnace with ore, and be distributed in furnace throat centre annulus；The coke that particle size diameter D is 8 mm≤13 mm of D ＜ and the sinter that particle size diameter D is 4 mm≤12 mm of D ＜ are uniformly mixed and loaded in blast furnace, and is distributed in furnace throat edge ring band.The present invention can improve mass transfer and the heat transfer in the soft tabetisol domain of blast furnace, make thinning between soft tabetisol, and high-temperature region moves down, and expands indirect reduction area, reduces Direct reduction degree, is conducive to increasing And Coke-saving, moreover it is possible to reduces the thickness that ore melt is bonded on furnace wall, improves operating rate of blast furnace.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technical field of blast furnace process, in particular to a kind of coke and sinter for large blast furnace
Gradation level enters stove method.
Background technology
During blast furnace process, whole lump zone stock column is all bulk cargo bed in stove, and distribution of the furnace charge in blast furnace must is fulfilled for 3
A condition：1. favorably improving the gas permeability of furnace charge, create conditions for blast furnace stable smooth operation.2. being conducive to indirect reduction, improve coal
Gas utilizes, and reduces blast furnace fuel ratio, lays the foundation to be energy-saving.3. reduce to the greatest extent it is load melting after be bonded on shaft, prevent
Only furnace wall knot is thick.
Improve the gas permeability of furnace charge, the factor that gas permeability must be influenced out of blast furnace is set about.Bulk cargo of the coal gas in accumulation
Tortuous flow between particle voids, bulk cargo particle voids are bigger, and the gas permeability of stock column is better, and the gas permeability of stock column is better, just has more
Beneficial to blast furnace stable smooth operation, so as to improve gas utilization rate, make full use of resource.At present, in blast furnace Gas Flow main distribution
Have：Blow into an air-flow of stove, the secondary gas flow of cohesive zone, the air-flow three times of bulk cargo column, thus the porosity of bulk cargo bed
Be an important factor for influencing gas fluid distrbution, and the porosity of bulk cargo bed and bulk cargo granularmetric composition, shape, be distributed with it is very big
Relation.And large blast furnace and small blast furnace ratio, when sintering into stove, its lump zone height, lump zone resistance bigger than small blast furnace
Greatly.And large blast furnace generally uses relatively low cohesive zone position, to expand indirect reduction area, improves the utilization of coal gas, but soft heat
Reduction with position result in the opposite expansion of block region, meanwhile, it is large-scale in order to improve gas utilization rate and carry high-coal ratio
The coke ratio of blast furnace is greatly lowered, and the coke as gas permeability skeleton in stove can be fewer and fewer, causes coke skeleton insufficient, increase
Resistance of ore deposit Jiao interface to Gas Flow, working of a furnace fluctuation is larger, is unfavorable for blast furnace stable smooth operation, therefore, for the stabilization of blast furnace
Direct motion, is badly in need of improving the gas permeability of large blast furnace stock column, improves the adaptability of blast furnace.
Fuel ratio is reduced, it is energy-saving, the indirect reduction of ore must be increased, improve coal gas and utilize.In blast furnace process
During, generally take layer to fill mode, i.e. ore and coke is respectively charged into blast furnace by several times by batch weight.Through to blast furnace disassembling analysis,
This layer structure continues up to soft tabetisol domain.Because coke layer and the respective porosity of ore layer differ greatly, to Gas Flow
It is different to produce resistance.Ore loads in mixture the pulsed change for alleviating Gas Flow in stock column with coke, enhances coal gas and ore
The chance of contact, improves gas utilization rate.In stratiform smelting, when Gas Flow passes through coke layer, only sent out in the region
The gasification reaction of green coke charcoal, plays coal gas regeneration function.When coal gas passes through ore layer, which only occurs the reduction of iron oxide
Reaction, and with the rising of coal gas, the CO concentration in coal gas reduces, and reduces the reducing power of coal gas.
There is use to partially sinter gradation level at present and enter stove.Such as, it is through retrieval, Chinese Patent Application No.
201110316389.7 document, discloses one kind and realizes that sinter point 2 grades of granularities enter stove, only take simple sinter into
OK.It can only partly solve the problems, such as permeability of stock column, but cannot improve indirect reduction, improve coal gas using the work for reducing fuel ratio
With, can not play suppress shaft wall accretion the problem of.
Chinese Patent Application No. is 201110006759.7 document, discloses one kind and realizes sinter point 3 grades or 4 grades of grains
The charging of blast furnace technique into stove is spent, it uses segmentation hierarchical approaches that sinter size grading is divided into two stages progress, first stage
It is that sintering plant supplied materials is classified in advance；Second stage is that classification is refined under blast furnace, realizes that 3 grades or 4 grades of sinter point enters stove；Technique
For：It is respectively if entering stove series：I grades, II grades, III level or IV grades, I grades, II grades of granularity lines of demarcation be X, 15≤X≤30；II grades
It is Y with III level boundary granularity, 5≤Y≤15；The minimum boundary granularity of III level is Z, 0≤Z≤5 or I grades, II grades of granularity lines of demarcation
For X, 15≤X≤30；II grades and III level boundary granularity are Y, 5≤Y≤15；III level and IV grades of boundary granularities are W, 0≤W≤8,
IV grades of minimum boundary granularities are Z, 0≤Z≤5；First stage sintering plant supplied materials is classified in advance, refinement point under second stage blast furnace
Level.Although the document has carried out refinement classification to sinter by granularity, reduce quantity of return mines, saved resource, to a certain extent
Improve gas utilization rate.But there is increase workload in the document, and sinter ratios at different levels, dosage, drop point aspect are located at
Concern, so as to not can effectively improve the gas permeability of large blast furnace stock column, reduces the resistance of Gas Flow, and it is even more impossible to expand indirectly also
Original, improves coal gas and utilizes, and prevents that furnace wall knot is thick.
The content of the invention
It is insufficient the invention reside in overcoming existing for new trip technology, there is provided it is a kind of not only with by sinter and coke according to grain
Degree classification, and sinter and coke are taken to the mode for being mixed into luggage material and cloth, it is soft so as to fulfill blast furnace can be improved
The mass transfer in tabetisol domain and heat transfer, make thinning between soft tabetisol, and high-temperature region moves down, and expands indirect reduction area, reduces Direct reduction degree, has
Beneficial to increasing And Coke-saving, moreover it is possible to reduce the thickness that ore melt is bonded on furnace wall, improve the large blast furnace gradation of operating rate of blast furnace
The burnt mixing loading method of level ore deposit.
Realize the measure of above-mentioned purpose：
The burnt mixing loading method of large blast furnace gradation level ore deposit, its step：
1）According to conventional definite every batch of ore weight and proportioning；Coke and sinter are subjected to grading respectively, wherein,
Coke is divided into three granularity level, i.e.,：Particle size diameter D >=25mm；Particle size diameter D is 13 mm≤25 mm of D ＜, particle size diameter
D is 8 mm≤13 mm of D ＜；Sinter is divided into two granularity level, i.e. particle size diameter D >=12mm, particle size diameter D is 4 mm
12 mm of≤D ＜；
2）First the coke of particle size diameter D >=25mm is loaded in blast furnace, and it is covered with whole furnace throat section；
3）Again by coke and the sinter of particle size diameter D >=12mm that particle size diameter D is 13 mm≤25 mm of D ＜, and
It is other to be uniformly mixed and load in blast furnace with ore, and it is distributed in annulus among furnace throat；
4）It is again 4 mm≤12 mm of D ＜ by coke and particle size diameter D that particle size diameter D is 8 mm≤13 mm of D ＜
Sinter is uniformly mixed and loads in blast furnace, and is distributed in furnace throat edge ring band.
It is：According to above-mentioned steps 2）To step 4）Circulation is added in blast furnace.
It is：The coke of 8 mm of particle size diameter D ＜ is returned as secondary resource；4 mm of particle size diameter D ＜ are sintered
Ore deposit is as sintering machine of returning mine back.
It is：Particle size diameter D is the coke of 8 mm≤13 mm of D ＜ and particle size diameter D is 4 mm≤12 mm of D ＜
The width that sinter loads furnace throat edge ring band is the 1/20 ~ 1/15 of burner hearth internal diameter.
The effect of main technique and mechanism in the present invention
The applicant, which passes through, studies the disassembling analysis of blast furnace, it is proposed that separates sinter according to two-stage granularity, by coke
Separated according to three granularity level, then be respectively charged into corresponding ore deposit groove, then classification weighs fed to boiler under groove.So grade is close
Together, the favourable gas permeability for improving furnace charge, increases blast furnace air quantity to furnace charge.
Ore and coke, which load in mixture, can mitigate pulsed of the Gas Flow in stock column and change, and enhance coal gas and ore contact
Chance, improves gas utilization rate.In smelting, when Gas Flow passes through coke layer, the gas of coke only occurs in the region
Change reaction, play coal gas regeneration function.When coal gas passes through ore layer, which only occurs the reduction reaction of iron oxide, and with
The rising of coal gas, the CO concentration in coal gas reduces, and reduces the reducing power of coal gas.It can make blast furnace is soft to melt using ore-coke mixed charging
Region is greatly taken on a new look, and improves mass transfer and the heat transfer in soft tabetisol domain, makes thinning between soft tabetisol, and high-temperature region moves down, and expands indirectly also
Former area, reduces Direct reduction degree, is conducive to indirect reduction reaction and intensification of smelting process in BF, increasing And Coke-saving.
Why the coke of minimum grade is mixed with the ore of small grade, and cloth is at furnace throat edge, its one side can be with
Improve edge Gas Flow, prevent furnace wall from bonding；On the other hand again can reduce the amount that ore melt is bonded on furnace wall, this be because
It will not be melted for coke, only small part can produce gasification.
The burnt mixing loading method of sinter grading charging method designed by the invention, i.e. gradation level ore deposit, mixture are pressed
Grain size grading enters blast furnace, it mainly has the characteristics of following 4 aspect：1. by its larger grade mixture and two level sintering feed by height
Stove is radially distributed in burner hearth, so that furnace charge similar in bed of material grade together, is conducive to improve the gas permeability of furnace charge, is
Blast furnace stable smooth operation creates conditions.2. ore is mixed with coke, the touch opportunity of ore and coke is added, is conducive to
Indirect reduction, improves coal gas and utilizes, reduce blast furnace fuel ratio, lay the foundation to be energy-saving.3. the coke of minimum grade with it is small
The ore of grade be mounted in furnace throat edge, on the one hand can ensure edge airflow, can also reduce it is load melting after be bonded in shaft
On, prevent that furnace wall knot is thick.4. this method can efficiently use the ore and coke of small grain size, resource utilization is improved.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below：
Embodiment 1
It is 3200m in dischargeable capacity3,Throat diameter is the burnt mixing charging of gradation level ore deposit on the blast furnace of 9m, it is per batch of material dosage
For：The total furnace entering volume of coke for meeting grade requirement is 23 tons, it does not include the coke of 8 mm of D ＜ and returns to coke oven as secondary money
The source amount of recycling；The total furnace entering volume of ore is 100 tons, wherein meeting 70 tons of the sinter of grade requirement, 20 tons of pellet, lump ore
10 tons, it does not include 4 mm sinters of D ＜ as the sintering machine amount of recycling of returning mine back；In 70 tons of sinters, particle size diameter D
>=12mm for 42 tons, particle size diameter D is 4 mm≤12 mm of D ＜ for 28 tons；
It loads step：
1）Coke and sinter are subjected to gradation level respectively：In coke, particle size diameter D >=25mm for 19 tons, granularity is straight
Footpath D is 2.5 tons in 13 mm≤25 mm of D ＜, and particle size diameter D is in 8 mm≤13 mm of D ＜ for 1.5 tons；In sinter,
Particle size diameter D >=12mm is 42 tons, and particle size diameter D is that 4 mm≤12 mm of D ＜ are 28 tons；
2）First the coke of 19 tons of particle size diameter D >=25mm is loaded in blast furnace, and it is covered with whole furnace throat section, its
Charge weight accounts for 82.6% that every batch weight adds coke gross weight；
3）Again by 2.5 tons of particle size diameter D for 13 mm≤coke of 25 mm of D ＜ and the sinter of diameter D >=12mm and
Pellet, lump ore are uniformly mixed and load in blast furnace, wherein 42 tons of sinter, 20 tons of pellet, 10 tons of lump ore, and are distributed in stove
Annulus among larynx；
4）It is again 4 mm≤D ＜ 12 by coke and particle size diameter D that 1.5 tons of particle size diameter D are 8 mm≤13 mm of D ＜
28 tons of the sinter of mm is uniformly mixed and loads in blast furnace, and is distributed in furnace throat edge ring band；The width of its furnace throat edge ring band
For the 1/16 of burner hearth internal diameter.
According to above-mentioned steps 2）To step 4）Circulation is added in blast furnace.
After testing, the gas permeability of furnace charge is improved, that is, increases air quantity 4%, blast furnace gas utilization rate improves 0.5%, reduces
Coke ratio 3.8kg/t, the frequency 60% being bonded in after reduction is load melting on shaft.
Embodiment 2
It is 4117m in dischargeable capacity3,Throat diameter is the burnt mixing charging of gradation level ore deposit on the blast furnace of 9.7m, it is used per batch of material
Measure and be：The total furnace entering volume of coke for meeting grade requirement is 30 tons, it does not include the coke of 8 mm of D ＜ and returns to coke oven as secondary
Resource circulation utilization amount；The total furnace entering volume of ore is 135 tons, wherein meet 100 tons of the sinter of grade requirement, 25 tons of pellet,
10 tons of lump ore, it does not include 4 mm sinters of D ＜ as the sintering machine amount of recycling of returning mine back；
It loads step：
1）Coke and sinter are subjected to gradation level respectively：In coke, particle size diameter D >=25mm for 19 tons, granularity is straight
Footpath D is 2.5 tons in 13 mm≤25 mm of D ＜, and particle size diameter D is in 8 mm≤13 mm of D ＜ for 1.5 tons；In sinter,
Particle size diameter D >=12mm is 42 tons, and particle size diameter D is that 4 mm≤12 mm of D ＜ are 28 tons；
2）First the coke of 25 tons of particle size diameter D >=25mm is loaded in blast furnace, and it is covered with whole furnace throat section, its
Charge weight accounts for 83.3% that every batch weight adds coke gross weight；
3）It is again the coke of 13 mm≤25 mm of D ＜ and the sinter and ball of diameter D >=12mm by 3 tons of particle size diameter D
Nodulizing, lump ore are uniformly mixed and load in blast furnace, wherein 60 tons of sinter, 25 tons of pellet, 10 tons of lump ore, and are distributed in furnace throat
Middle annulus；
4）It is again 4 mm≤D ＜ 12 by coke and particle size diameter D that 2 tons of particle size diameter D are 8 mm≤13 mm of D ＜
40 tons of the sinter of mm is uniformly mixed and loads in blast furnace, and is distributed in furnace throat edge ring band；The width of its furnace throat edge ring band
For the 2/15 of burner hearth internal diameter.
According to above-mentioned steps 2）To step 4）Circulation is added in blast furnace.
After testing, the gas permeability of furnace charge is improved, that is, increases air quantity 3.5%, blast furnace gas utilization rate improves 0.45%, drop
Low coke ratio 3.3kg/t, the frequency 65% being bonded in after reduction is load melting on shaft.
Embodiment 3
It is 3407m in dischargeable capacity3,Throat diameter is the burnt mixing charging of gradation level ore deposit on the blast furnace of 9m, it is per batch of material dosage
For：The total furnace entering volume of coke for meeting grade requirement is 24 tons, it does not include the coke of 8 mm of D ＜ and returns to coke oven as secondary money
The source amount of recycling；The total furnace entering volume of ore is 108 tons, wherein meeting 75 tons of the sinter of grade requirement, 23 tons of pellet, lump ore
10 tons, it does not include 4 mm sinters of D ＜ as the sintering machine amount of recycling of returning mine back；
It loads step：
1）Coke and sinter are subjected to gradation level respectively：In coke, particle size diameter D >=25mm for 19 tons, granularity is straight
Footpath D is 2.5 tons in 13 mm≤25 mm of D ＜, and particle size diameter D is in 8 mm≤13 mm of D ＜ for 1.5 tons；In sinter,
Particle size diameter D >=12mm is 42 tons, and particle size diameter D is that 4 mm≤12 mm of D ＜ are 28 tons；
2）First the coke of 20 tons of particle size diameter D >=25mm is loaded in blast furnace, and it is covered with whole furnace throat section, its
Charge weight accounts for 83.3% that every batch weight adds coke gross weight；
3）Again by 2.5 tons of particle size diameter D for 13 mm≤coke of 25 mm of D ＜ and the sinter of diameter D >=12mm and
Pellet, lump ore are uniformly mixed and load in blast furnace, wherein 45 tons of sinter, 25 tons of pellet, 10 tons of lump ore, and are distributed in stove
Annulus among larynx；
4）It is again 4 mm≤D ＜ 12 by coke and particle size diameter D that 1.5 tons of particle size diameter D are 8 mm≤13 mm of D ＜
30 tons of the sinter of mm is uniformly mixed and loads in blast furnace, and is distributed in furnace throat edge ring band；The width of its furnace throat edge ring band
For the 2/19 of burner hearth internal diameter.
According to above-mentioned steps 2）To step 4）Circulation is added in blast furnace.
After testing, the gas permeability of furnace charge is improved, that is, increases air quantity 4%, blast furnace gas utilization rate improves 0.5%, reduces
Coke ratio 3.8kg/t, the frequency 60% being bonded in after reduction is load melting on shaft.
Present embodiment is only the best example, not to the restricted implementation of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the burnt mixing loading method of large blast furnace gradation level ore deposit, its step：
1）According to conventional definite every batch of ore weight and proportioning；Coke and sinter are subjected to grading respectively, wherein, coke
It is divided into three granularity level, i.e.,：Particle size diameter D >=25mm；Particle size diameter D is 8 for 13 mm≤D ＜ 25 mm, particle size diameter D
13 mm of mm≤D ＜；Sinter is divided into two granularity level, i.e. particle size diameter D >=12mm, particle size diameter D is 4 mm≤D
12 mm of ＜；
2）First the coke of particle size diameter D >=25mm is loaded in blast furnace, and it is covered with whole furnace throat section；
3）It is again the coke of 13 mm≤25 mm of D ＜ and the sinter of particle size diameter D >=12mm by particle size diameter D, and it is other
To be uniformly mixed and load in blast furnace with ore, and be distributed in annulus among furnace throat；
4）Again by the coke that particle size diameter D is 8 mm≤13 mm of D ＜ and the sintering that particle size diameter D is 4 mm≤12 mm of D ＜
Ore deposit is uniformly mixed and loads in blast furnace, and is distributed in furnace throat edge ring band, and the width of furnace throat edge ring band is the 1/ of burner hearth internal diameter
20~1/15；
According to above-mentioned steps 2）To step 4）Circulation is added in blast furnace.
2. the burnt mixing loading method of large blast furnace gradation level ore deposit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：By particle size diameter D
The coke of 8 mm of ＜ returns and is used as secondary resource；Using 4 mm sinters of particle size diameter D ＜ as sintering machine of returning mine back.
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| CN108611455A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2018-10-02 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of blast furnace uses the distributing method of small nut coke |
| CN108265143B (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2019-10-25 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | A kind of loading method preventing blast-furnace shaft knot thickness |
| CN109022649B (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2020-08-04 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Blast furnace material distribution method and device |
| CN109706277B (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2020-09-08 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Method for using coke with different initial reaction temperatures in blast furnace |
| CN113416807B (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2022-05-20 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Charging method for improving air permeability in large-scale blast furnace |
| CN113774174B (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2022-08-23 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Blast furnace coke matching control method and device |
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| JP5754109B2 (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2015-07-22 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Raw material charging method to blast furnace |
| WO2013172035A1 (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2013-11-21 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Method for loading raw material into blast furnace |
| CN104313215A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-01-28 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Blast furnace sinter graded feeding technology |
| CN105002320B (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2017-04-05 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | The ore deposit Jiao's groove feeding system being classified under a kind of groove and feeding technique |
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