A kind of preparation method of pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemosynthesis technical field, and in particular to a kind of preparation side of pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate
Method.
Background technology
Pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate is a kind of liquid fat with larger relative molecular mass, basic odorlessness,
Combination with 4 ester bonds, stereochemical structure is formed, belongs to the ester that is obstructed;With higher heat endurance, there is film forming, water resistant, profit
Skin function, it is the remarkable emollient of performance.Pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate be mainly used in face cream, sunscreen product, color make-up,
In the products such as shampoo hair conditioner.
The conventional esterification methods of pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate are under acidic catalyst such as p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid effect
Pentaerythrite and isostearic acid high temperature occur esterification and formed.Method using alkali cleaning is needed after its flaw response by product
In catalyst and excessive isostearic acid remove, because pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate is that one kind comes from long-chain saturated fat
The high viscosity ester of acid, easily emulsified in alkali cleaning and washing, layering is difficult, it is difficult to carries out normal hierarchical operations, i.e.,
Making to be layered reluctantly, acid number reduces also unobvious, and the yield of product can be reduced substantially, while needs the processes such as alkali cleaning, washing,
A large amount of waste water are produced, pollute environment, this mode of production has not met the requirement of current environmental protection policy and Green Chemistry.
Simultaneously because pentaerythrite has four hydroxyls, steric effect is big, and esterification is difficult, so the ester of polyalcohol and aliphatic acid
Change reaction time length (8~24h), reaction temperature height (160~240 DEG C).Therefore, many scholars are directed to researching and developing both at home and abroad
Go out a kind of new synthesis technique or catalyst to optimize its preparation condition, improve yield.
Metal oxide such as zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, stannous oxide etc. can be catalyzed some esterifications, such as Chinese patent application
CN 101293828A use the synthesis of zinc oxide or Ferric Chloride pentaerythritol isostearic acid ester, but it still has instead
Answer the problem of temperature is high, and product quality is poor.Metal composite oxide due to its have unique crystal structure, electromagnetic property and
Higher catalytic activity, extensive attention and application are obtained in terms of raw catelyst material, currently used preparation method has cold
Freeze seasoning, high temperature and high pressure synthesis, infusion process, coprecipitation, hydro-thermal method, sol-gel process, microwave liquid method etc..
To sum up, it is necessary to research and develop a kind of preparation method of pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate, to reduce reaction temperature, shorten
Reaction time, and improve the yield and quality of pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate.
The content of the invention
In order to solve problems of the prior art (reaction temperature is high, reaction time length, and yield is relatively low etc.), the present invention
A kind of preparation method of pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate is provided, this method reaction temperature is low, and the reaction time is short, and yield is high.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate, comprises the following steps:
S1, pentaerythrite and isostearic acid are put into reactor according to the feeding of mol ratio 1: 4.0~4.2, open stirring;
S2, metal composite oxide is added, 4~5h is reacted at 140~150 DEG C, reaction terminates, and separates composition metal oxygen
Compound, pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate crude product is obtained, crude product is decompressed to 0.05 negative~0.1Mpa at 100~130 DEG C, distillation
Organic solvent and water are removed, pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate product is produced after filtering.
Preferably, the step S2 is carried out under nitrogen protection.
Preferably, the addition of the metal composite oxide is the 0.2~1% of isostearic acid weight.
Preferably, the preparation method of the metal composite oxide is as follows:Weigh ZnCl2·2H2O and FeCl2·4H2O matches somebody with somebody
Into mixed-salt aqueous solution, NaOH and Na are separately weighed2CO3It is made into mixing aqueous alkali;Two kinds of solution add simultaneously according to volume ratio 1: 1
Enter fast nucleation in rotating liquid-film reactor, and circulate 2min;Then 1~2h of microwave treatment under 700~800w, then normal
The lower crystallization 12h of temperature, filtering, obtains much filtrate;500~600 DEG C of horses are finally moved into after washing much filtrate through 60 DEG C of dry 12h again
Good fortune 2~3h of kiln roasting, obtains Zn-Fe metal composite oxides.
It is furthermore preferred that c (Zn in the mixed-salt aqueous solution2+) concentration be 0.2~0.4molL-1, c (Fe2+) it is dense
Spend for 0.6~0.8molL-1。
It is furthermore preferred that c (OH in the mixing aqueous alkali-) concentration be 0.6~0.8molL-1, c (CO3 2-) it is dense
Spend for 0.9~1.2molL-1。
In the preparation of pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate, because pentaerythrite has four hydroxyls, steric effect is big, and esterification is tired
Difficulty, in order to reduce esterification difficulty, shorten the reaction time and reduce reaction temperature, inventor is tentatively prepared using coprecipitation
Zn-Fe metal composite oxides, it has unexpectedly been found that the synthesis of the Zn-Fe metal composite oxides to pentaerythrite and isostearic acid
There is catalytic action, and the preparation of the Zn-Fe metal composite oxides is finally determined by substantial amounts of experimental study, inventor
Method, wherein strictly control zinc ion and iron ion material ratio, the species and dosage of precipitating reagent, and roasting temperature and when
Between, the synthesis to pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate, which can be made, the catalyst of notable catalytic action, applies the catalyst
Reaction temperature can be reduced to 140~150 DEG C, at least 10 DEG C are reduced than prior art;Shorten 4~5h of reaction time, than existing skill
Art reduces at least 1h, and yield may be up to 99%, but coloured product is deeper, and purity is not high.Accidental operation, inventor will be total to
Solution after precipitation is placed under microwave and handled, and then crystallization, roasting again, finds obtained Zn-Fe metal composite oxide crystal
It is bigger, it is easier to be separated with product, while the problem of coloured product is deep, purity is low can be improved.
Therefore, compared with prior art, advantage of the invention is that:The invention provides a kind of compound gold of new Zn-Fe
Belong to the catalyst during oxide is prepared as pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate, effectively reduce reaction temperature, shorten the reaction time,
Improve production efficiency, reduce production cost, and the inventive method is simple, reliable and stable, can industrialized production, pentaerythrite four
Isostearate product colour is shallow, and acid number is low, and purity is high.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below by way of embodiment, but the present invention is not limited only to following examples.
In the scope of the present invention or do not departing from present disclosure, in spirit and scope, the present invention is suitably modified, replaced
Effect identical component, apparent to those skilled in the art, they are considered as being included in the scope of the invention
It is interior.
The preparation method of embodiment 1, pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate of the present invention
S1, by 27.2kg pentaerythrites and 227.6kg isostearic acids input reactor in, open stirring;
S2, the metal composite oxide for adding isostearic acid weight 0.2%, under nitrogen protection, react at 140 DEG C
5h, reaction terminate, and separate metal composite oxide, obtain pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate crude product, crude product is decompressed at 100 DEG C
Negative 0.1Mpa, organic solvent and water is distilled off, pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate product is produced after filtering, yield is
97.4%, product colourity (Gardner's method)≤1, acid number 0.20.
The preparation method of the metal composite oxide is as follows:Weigh ZnCl2·2H2O and FeCl2·4H2O is made into mixing
Saline solution, separately weigh NaOH and Na2CO3It is made into mixing aqueous alkali;Two kinds of solution add rotation simultaneously according to volume ratio 1: 1
Fast nucleation in liquid film reactor, and circulate 2min;Then the microwave treatment 2h under 700w, then crystallization 12h at normal temperatures, mistake
Filter, obtains much filtrate;Finally move into 600 DEG C of muffle furnaces through 60 DEG C of dry 12h again after washing much filtrate and be calcined 2h, obtain Zn-
Fe metal composite oxides.
C (Zn wherein in mixed-salt aqueous solution2+) concentration be 0.2molL-1, c (Fe2+) concentration be 0.8molL-1;
The concentration for mixing c (OH-) in aqueous alkali is 0.6molL-1, c (CO3 2-) concentration be 1.2molL-1。
The preparation method of embodiment 2, pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate of the present invention
S1, by 27.2kg pentaerythrites and 239.0kg isostearic acids input reactor in, open stirring;
S2, the metal composite oxide for adding isostearic acid weight 1%, under nitrogen protection, react 4h at 150 DEG C,
Reaction terminates, and separates metal composite oxide, obtains pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate crude product, crude product is decompressed to negative at 130 DEG C
0.05Mpa, organic solvent and water is distilled off, pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate product is produced after filtering, yield is
98.0%, product colourity (Gardner's method)≤1, acid number 0.18.
The preparation method of the metal composite oxide is as follows:Weigh ZnCl2·2H2O and FeCl2·4H2O is made into mixing
Saline solution, separately weigh NaOH and Na2CO3It is made into mixing aqueous alkali;Two kinds of solution add rotation simultaneously according to volume ratio 1: 1
Fast nucleation in liquid film reactor, and circulate 2min;Then the microwave treatment 1h under 800w, then crystallization 12h at normal temperatures, mistake
Filter, obtains much filtrate;Finally move into 500 DEG C of muffle furnaces through 60 DEG C of dry 12h again after washing much filtrate and be calcined 3h, obtain Zn-
Fe metal composite oxides.
C (Zn wherein in mixed-salt aqueous solution2+) concentration be 0.4molL-1, c (Fe2+) concentration be 0.6molL-1;
Mix c (OH in aqueous alkali-) concentration be 0.8molL-1, c (CO3 2-) concentration be 0.9molL-1。
The preparation method of embodiment 3, pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate of the present invention
S1, by 27.2kg pentaerythrites and 233.3kg isostearic acids input reactor in, open stirring;
S2, the metal composite oxide for adding isostearic acid weight 0.6%, under nitrogen protection, react at 140 DEG C
4.5h, reaction terminate, and separate metal composite oxide, obtain pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate crude product, crude product is in 120 DEG C of decompressions
To negative 0.05Mpa, organic solvent and water is distilled off, pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate product is produced after filtering, yield is
99.2%, product colourity (Gardner's method)≤1, acid number 0.10.
The preparation method of the metal composite oxide is as follows:Weigh ZnCl2·2H2O and FeCl2·4H2O is made into mixing
Saline solution, separately weigh NaOH and Na2CO3It is made into mixing aqueous alkali;Two kinds of solution add rotation simultaneously according to volume ratio 1: 1
Fast nucleation in liquid film reactor, and circulate 2min;Then the microwave treatment 1.5h under 700w, then crystallization 12h at normal temperatures,
Filtering, obtains much filtrate;Finally move into 500 DEG C of muffle furnaces through 60 DEG C of dry 12h again after washing much filtrate and be calcined 3h, obtain
Zn-Fe metal composite oxides.
C (Zn wherein in mixed-salt aqueous solution2+) concentration be 0.3molL-1, c (Fe2+) concentration be 0.7molL-1;
Mix c (OH in aqueous alkali-) concentration be 0.7molL-1, c (CO3 2-) concentration be 1.0molL-1。
Comparative example one,
S1, by 27.2kg pentaerythrites and 233.3kg isostearic acids input reactor in, open stirring;
S2, the metal composite oxide for adding isostearic acid weight 0.6%, under nitrogen protection, react at 140 DEG C
4.5h, reaction terminate, and separate metal composite oxide, obtain pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate crude product, crude product is in 120 DEG C of decompressions
To negative 0.05Mpa, organic solvent and water is distilled off, pentaerythritol tetraoctyl stearate product, yield are produced after filtering
95.3%, product colourity (Gardner's method)=6, acid number 5.7.
The preparation method of the metal composite oxide is as follows:Weigh ZnCl2·2H2O and FeCl2·4H2O is made into mixing
Saline solution, separately weigh NaOH and Na2CO3It is made into mixing aqueous alkali;Two kinds of solution add rotation simultaneously according to volume ratio 1: 1
Fast nucleation in liquid film reactor, and circulate 2min;Subsequent crystallization 12h at normal temperatures, filtering, obtains much filtrate;Washing filters out
Finally move into 500 DEG C of muffle furnaces through 60 DEG C of dry 12h again after thing and be calcined 3h, obtain Zn-Fe metal composite oxides.
C (Zn wherein in mixed-salt aqueous solution2+) concentration be 0.3molL-1, c (Fe2+) concentration be 0.7molL-1;
Mix c (OH in aqueous alkali-) concentration be 0.7molL-1, c (CO3 2-) concentration be 1.0molL-1。
This comparative example is compared with Example 3, no in the preparation of Zn-Fe metal composite oxides to use microwave treatment,
As a result the structure of the catalyst is looser than microwaved, and obtained four different tristearin of pentaerythrite under the catalyst
Acid ester product color is deep, and purity is low, and inventor speculates that this is probably because microwave treatment can change Zn-Fe metal composite oxides
Crystal structure, make its rugged construction, crystal formation is bigger, and preferably suppresses side reaction, improve product purity.
Comparative example two,
The difference of this comparative example and embodiment 3 is:C in mixed-salt aqueous solution in the preparation method of metal composite oxide
(Zn2+) concentration be 0.5molL-1, c (Fe2+) concentration be 0.5molL-1.Other operations and parameter are the same as embodiment 3.
The yield of this comparative example is 87.1%, product colourity (Gardner's method)=2, acid number 2.34.
Comparative example three,
The difference of this comparative example and embodiment 3 is:2.0molL is used in the preparation method of metal composite oxide-1
NaOH solution replace NaOH and Na2CO3Mixing aqueous alkali.Other operations and parameter are the same as embodiment 3.
The yield of this comparative example is 82.5%, product colourity (Gardner's method)=2, acid number 1.73.
Comparative example four,
The difference of this comparative example and embodiment 3 is:400 DEG C of Ma Fu are finally moved into after much filtrate through 60 DEG C of dry 12h again
Kiln roasting 3h, obtains metal composite oxide.Other operations and parameter are the same as embodiment 3.
The yield of this comparative example is 84.8%, product colourity (Gardner's method)=3, acid number 3.84.
It was found from comparative example two~tetra-, the ratio of material, species in the preparation of Zn-Fe metal composite oxides, roasting temperature
Degree etc. can all have an impact to Zn-Fe metal composite oxides, so as to cause catalytic effect bad.
It the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that above-mentioned preferred embodiment is not construed as pair
The limitation of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by claim limited range.For the art
For those of ordinary skill, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these change
Enter and retouch and also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.