CN105798555A - Machining process of car resistance spot welding electrode cap - Google Patents
Machining process of car resistance spot welding electrode cap Download PDFInfo
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- CN105798555A CN105798555A CN201610403002.4A CN201610403002A CN105798555A CN 105798555 A CN105798555 A CN 105798555A CN 201610403002 A CN201610403002 A CN 201610403002A CN 105798555 A CN105798555 A CN 105798555A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- electrode cap
- spot welding
- resistance spot
- cold seal
- processing technique
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/30—Features relating to electrodes
Abstract
The invention discloses machining process of a car resistance spot welding electrode cap and belongs to the field of welding electrodes. The machining process has the advantages the mutual action of thermal treatment and cold treatment is used to increase the performance of the electrode cap, the service life of the electrode cap is prolonged effectively, precise adjustment is performed during subzero treatment to obtain appropriate temperature and treatment time so as to obtain the economic, efficient and qualified 39D 1978/2(58D8246/1 flat head) electrode cap, energy consumption is lowered, energy conservation and environment protection are achieved, the produced electrode cap is excellent in performance and long in service life, and high electrode cap manufacturing efficiency is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the processing technique of a kind of automobile lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode cap.
Background technology
Electrode cap is mainly used in metal solder, the soldering technique related to due to automobile industry is more, thus automobile industry is to the demand of electrode cap very big, and ordinary electrode cap is general shorter for service life, and during welding, easily produce the phenomenon generations such as splashing, thus carrying out subzero treatment after molding, high compactness, change alloying elements distribution, improve conduction, the capacity of heat transmission, minimizing adheres to tendency, the crystal grain of refinement electrode material, improves the routed deformability of resistance to compression.
nullChinese patent if application number is 02100433.1 discloses the cryogenic treating process for galvanized steel sheet resistance spot welding electrode，Common electrode is carried out simple subzero treatment by it，Thus simply eliminating the austenite of electrode surface，Due to the austenitic unstable factor in inside，Cooling effect reduces along with the increase of the degree of depth，Thus substantially can more than more than 4 hours in order to reach the better subzero treatment effect time，And effect promoting is inconspicuous，And only improve the intensity of its surface relatively small thickness，A degree of improve service life，Splash when decreasing welding，But electrode cap easily produces collision with welding product during due to welding，Thus electrode cap surface can be scratched，Thus electrode cap is internal easily produces serious splash phenomena and viscous electrode phenomenon for treated position，Thus people need to change at once，And can promote through the electrode price of subzero treatment，Thus using, in order to improve, the use needing extreme care service life，Thus decreasing working (machining) efficiency.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the processing technique of a kind of automobile lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode cap, it has raising electricity level cap surface intensity, reduces overall austenite content, reduces the advantage splashed, improve the life-span.
The above-mentioned technical purpose of the present invention has the technical scheme that
The processing technique of a kind of automobile lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode cap, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
Step one: Feedstock treating: chromium-zirconium-copper rod passes through solution treated；
Step 2: blanking: chromium-zirconium-copper rod is cut off segmentation to be processed；
Step 3: first shaping: chromium-zirconium-copper rod end face is carried out polishing formation installed surface, and another end face is worn into out protruding work portion, then make a polar cap outer circumferential sides face carry out extruding shrinking；
Step 4: cold extrusion: squeeze out taper hole on installed surface by extruder；
Step 5: hardening heat processes；
Step 6: reshaping: being entered by taper hole and position on lathe, central end car goes out flat end face in work portion；
Step 7: grooving: outer circumferential sides facing goes out annular groove in the middle part of electrode cap；
Step 8: polishing: flat end face is carried out grinding process；
Step 9: subzero treatment: electrode cap is put into deep freeze refrigeration plant, is set as deep freeze refrigeration plant temperature under-150 ~-170 degree environment, and makes electrode cap take out after preserving 1.5 ~ 2 hours.
nullBy adopting technique scheme，After chromium-zirconium-copper rod first passes through solution treated，The austenite making inside carries out stabilizing treatment，And chromium-zirconium-copper rod carried out simple cutting polishing define the basic configuration of electrode cap，Carry out heat treatment again，The protective layer that outer surface forms hardening is made to improve service life，And due to the setting of taper hole Yu annular groove，So that each outer surface in work portion reduces to the range difference at center when subzero treatment，So that work portion temperature spread of the temperature of center and outer surface when subzero treatment reduces，Thus improve the effect by subzero treatment，The degree of depth making subzero treatment is more，And the austenite of inside is stable austenite，It is subject to cold service can realize effectively eliminating，It is greatly improved thus being subject to subzero treatment thickness at electrode cap，The raising of electrode cap effective thickness during due to welding，Thus improve the service life of welding、Reduce and splash，Avoid viscous electrode，And also it is not easy damaged to the position not affected by subzero treatment after being collided when welding，It is greatly improved working life.
Further, described deep freeze refrigeration plant is exceeding cold seal container, and exceeding cold seal stored in containers has liquid nitrogen, and in exceeding cold seal container, temperature is set as that-150 spend, and makes electrode cap take out after preserving 1.5 hours.
By adopting technique scheme, electrode cap is directly placed in the sealing container having liquid nitrogen, by the refrigeration of liquid nitrogen, directly electrode cap is put into and carry out subzero treatment, thus cooling device very simply reduces cost, and-150 easy control of temperature, liquid nitrogen can easily reach, and effectively reduces equipment cost, and the process time kept 1.5 hours just can reach good performance, thus decreasing the consumption of liquid nitrogen, reaching energy-conserving and environment-protective, reducing the effect of cost.
Further, described deep freeze refrigeration plant is exceeding cold seal container, and exceeding cold seal stored in containers has liquid nitrogen, and in exceeding cold seal container, temperature is set as that-150 spend, and makes electrode cap take out after preserving 2 hours.
By adopting technique scheme, electrode cap is directly placed in the sealing container having liquid nitrogen, by the refrigeration of liquid nitrogen, directly electrode cap is put into and carry out subzero treatment, thus cooling device very simply reduces cost, and-150 easy control of temperature, liquid nitrogen can easily reach, and effectively reduces equipment cost, and keeps the process time of 2 hours, notable to 2 hours premise ascending effects, it is ensured that electrode cap has good performance.
Further, described deep freeze refrigeration plant is exceeding cold seal container, is provided with liquid nitrogen vaporization jet pipe in exceeding cold seal container, and in exceeding cold seal container, temperature is set as that-170 spend, and makes electrode cap take out after preserving 1.5 hours.
By adopting technique scheme, electrode cap is directly placed into and has in sealing container, the refrigeration of the liquid nitrogen by vaporizing, improves the refrigeration of liquid nitrogen, temperature is made to reach-170 degree, thus significantly promoting deep cooling effect, making the life-span be obviously improved, directly electrode cap being put into and carry out subzero treatment, the process time kept 1.5 hours just can reach good performance, thus decreasing the consumption of liquid nitrogen, reaching energy-conserving and environment-protective, reducing the effect of cost.
Further, described deep freeze refrigeration plant is exceeding cold seal container, is provided with liquid nitrogen vaporization jet pipe in exceeding cold seal container, and in exceeding cold seal container, temperature is set as that-170 spend, and makes electrode cap take out after preserving 2 hours.
By adopting technique scheme, electrode cap is directly placed into and has in sealing container, the refrigeration of the liquid nitrogen by vaporizing, improves the refrigeration of liquid nitrogen, makes temperature reach-170 degree, thus significantly promoting deep cooling effect, make the life-span be obviously improved, directly electrode cap is put into and carry out subzero treatment, and keep the process time of 2 hours, notable to 2 hours premise ascending effects, it is ensured that electrode cap has good performance.
Further, described taper hole passes through secondary extrusion molding.
By adopting technique scheme, during extruding taper hole, after first squeezing out more than half degree of depth, making extruder exit makes internal structure realize buffering adaptations, re-start second time extruding again, thus forming complete taper hole, it is achieved the precision that taper hole is extruded.
Further, described installed surface carries out inside and outside chamfering.
By adopting technique scheme, it is to avoid during installation, welding equipment is scratched by the angle of installed surface, improve the service life of welding equipment, and the diameter of relative taper hole oral area is expanded by a small margin, so that installing enhanced convenience.
Further, it is Ageing Treatment that described hardening heat processes, and temperature is 450-500 degree, and the time is 1.5-3 hour.
By adopting technique scheme, completing rear electrode cap surface hardness by the electrode cap of Ageing Treatment and improve, making most of austenite on surface be changed into martensite, thus effectively improving anti-wear ability, thus improve service life.
Further, described projection is circular arc.
By adopting technique scheme, the outer surface everywhere of circular arc is identical to the position in the center of circle, thus the process thickness carrying out outer surface when heat treatment or subzero treatment can be more uniform.
Further, diameter chosen by middle chromium-zirconium-copper rod of selecting materials is 16mm, and in blanking, chromium-zirconium-copper rod uniform cut becomes 23mm, and squeezing out taper hole length is 10mm, polishes and after flat end face, holding electrode cap length is 22mm.
By adopting technique scheme, choose diameter close with actual size, reduce post-production cost, a polar cap outer circumferential sides face is made to carry out extruding shrinking to actually required size again, carry out multistage during blanking to cut simultaneously, improve work efficiency, and for the later stage polishing length in reserve, it is to avoid produce electrode cap process after too short.
In sum, the method have the advantages that
1. improve the performance of electrode cap by heat treatment with interacting of subzero treatment, be effectively improved service life；
2. accurately regulate proper temperature and process time when subzero treatment, obtain cost-effective qualified products, thus reducing energy consumption, energy-conserving and environment-protective；
3. excellent performance after electrode cap completes, long service life, the manufacture efficiency of electrode cap is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the general line chart of chromium-zirconium-copper X-ray diffraction before subzero treatment；
Fig. 2 is the general line chart of chromium-zirconium-copper X-ray diffraction after subzero treatment；
Fig. 3 is the process step of the invention figure；
Fig. 4 is prior art subzero treatment electrode cap life curve figure；
Fig. 5 is the electrode cap life curve figure of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structure chart of the electrode cap of the present invention.
In figure, 1, chromium-zirconium-copper rod；2, installed surface；3, work portion；4, taper hole；5, flat end face；6, annular groove.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1: the processing technique of a kind of automobile lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode cap, comprises the steps:
Step one: Feedstock treating: chromium-zirconium-copper rod 1 passes through solution treated；
Step 2: blanking: chromium-zirconium-copper rod 1 is cut off segmentation to be processed；
Step 3: first shaping: chromium-zirconium-copper rod 1 end face is carried out polishing formation installed surface 2, and another end face is worn into out the work portion 3 of arc-shaped convex, then make a polar cap outer circumferential sides face carry out extruding shrinking；
Step 4: cold extrusion: carry out secondary extrusion on installed surface 2 by extruder and mold taper hole 4, and carry out inside and outside chamfering at installed surface 2；
Step 5: hardening heat processes；Ageing Treatment, temperature is 450-500 degree, and the time is 1.5-3 hour；
Step 6: reshaping: being entered by taper hole 4 and position on lathe, central end car goes out flat end face 5 in work portion 3；
Step 7: grooving: outer circumferential sides facing goes out annular groove 6 in the middle part of electrode cap；
Step 8: polishing: flat end face 5 is carried out grinding process；
Step 9: subzero treatment: electrode cap is put into storage the exceeding cold seal container of liquid nitrogen, is set as under-150 environment by deep freeze refrigeration plant temperature, and cooling rate arranges 6 DEG C/s, makes electrode cap take out after preserving 1.5 hours.
Choose the chromium-zirconium-copper rod 1 of diameter and demand similar diameters; after chromium-zirconium-copper rod 1 first passes through solution treated; the austenite having intercrystalline corrosion to be inclined to making inside carries out stabilizing treatment; the austenite making inside all tends towards stability; improve toughness, plasticity and resistance to corrosion; avoid the austenite that intercrystalline corrosion is inclined to that subzero treatment is produced impact; and chromium-zirconium-copper rod 1 carried out simple cutting polishing define end bosses and be formed as the electrode cap of circular arc; carry out heat treatment again, make the protective layer that outer surface forms hardening improve service life.
During extruding taper hole 4, first after squeezing out more than half degree of depth, making extruder exit makes internal structure realize buffering adaptations, re-start second time extruding again, thus forming complete taper hole 4, thus avoiding one-shot forming to cause, inside is extruded position and produces stress accumulation, thus causing that disposable extruding is subject to counteracting force excessive and is unable to reach standard.
nullAs shown in Figure 6，Setting due to taper hole 4 with annular groove 6，So that each outer surface in work portion 3 reduces to the range difference at center when subzero treatment，So that work portion 3 temperature spread of the temperature of center and outer surface when subzero treatment reduces，Thus improve the effect by subzero treatment，The degree of depth making subzero treatment is more，And the austenite of inside is stable austenite，It is subject to cold service can realize effectively eliminating，It is greatly improved thus being subject to subzero treatment thickness at electrode cap，The raising of electrode cap effective thickness during due to welding，Thus improve the service life of welding、Reduce and splash，Avoid viscous electrode，And also it is not easy damaged to the position not affected by subzero treatment after being collided when welding，It is greatly improved working life，And after outer surface is damaged，Structure due to inside comparatively temperature，Thus the splashing produced is also less with adhesion phenomenon，Thus time point weldering effective performance carries out of short duration maintenance.
Pass through X-ray diffraction method, by measuring the program of Broadening of diffraction lines, measure the change of grain size size, as shown in Figure 1, 2, it is measured the electrode cap before not carrying out subzero treatment and the electrode cap after subzero treatment, after deep cooling, crystal grain substantially refines, and space structure is more tight, and strength enhancing is obvious.
nullIt is analyzed again through practical data，Such as Fig. 4、5，The life of product correspondence of subzero treatment does not carry out the life of product of subzero treatment have been had and has been obviously improved，The product that prior art obtains under-150 DEG C of * 2h PROCESS FOR TREATMENT is carried out spot welding life experimental data again and the step of the present invention product under-150 DEG C of * 1.5h PROCESS FOR TREATMENT carries out spot welding life experimental data and contrasts，Can show that prior art spot welding effect after getting 1200 ready is substantially reduced，And the present invention gets ready and slightly declines after 1400，Still keeping nugget size before 1800 is 3.5mm，And the size pair of nugget size is extremely important with the firmness welded after automobile spot welding，General vehicle basic demand is maintained at more than 3mm at nugget size，Thus prior art effectively gets 1400 ready，And the present invention effectively to get ready be 1800，Thus effectively raising service life，And when vehicle welds，The spot welding quantity of each car substantially 3000 solder joints，Thus in large-scale vehicle manufactures，Lifting for this high processing consumptive material consumed has this very important economic worth，Decrease the waste of consumptive material，Energy-conserving and environment-protective.
And the subzero treatment time of the present invention be only 1.5h after number of effective points just can reach 1800 points, and number of effective points can only achieve 1400 points after prior art subzero treatment 2h, thus being effectively reduced the production time, working (machining) efficiency is provided, and then decrease the waste of liquid nitrogen, thus meeting the requirement of energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Carry out cutting out flat end face 5 as shown in Figure 6 in work portion 3 and carrying out subzero treatment, effectively avoid work portion 3 to be collided in pinpoint welding procedure, and the area of end is bigger, welding significant surface improves, thus the size improving nugget that can be extra when effectively improving welding, thus improving service life.
Embodiment 2: the processing technique of a kind of automobile lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode cap, comprises the steps:
Step one: Feedstock treating: chromium-zirconium-copper rod 1 passes through solution treated；
Step 2: blanking: chromium-zirconium-copper rod 1 is cut off segmentation to be processed；
Step 3: first shaping: chromium-zirconium-copper rod 1 end face is carried out polishing formation installed surface 2, and another end face is worn into out the work portion 3 of arc-shaped convex, then make a polar cap outer circumferential sides face carry out extruding shrinking；
Step 4: cold extrusion: carry out secondary extrusion on installed surface 2 by extruder and mold taper hole 4, and carry out inside and outside chamfering at installed surface 2；
Step 5: hardening heat processes；Ageing Treatment, temperature is 450-500 degree, and the time is 1.5-3 hour；
Step 6: reshaping: being entered by taper hole 4 and position on lathe, central end car goes out flat end face 5 in work portion 3；
Step 7: grooving: outer circumferential sides facing goes out annular groove 6 in the middle part of electrode cap；
Step 8: polishing: flat end face 5 is carried out grinding process；
Step 9: subzero treatment: electrode cap is put into storage the exceeding cold seal container of liquid nitrogen, is set as under-150 environment by deep freeze refrigeration plant temperature, and cooling rate arranges 6 DEG C/s, makes electrode cap take out after preserving 2 hours.
Choose the chromium-zirconium-copper rod 1 of diameter and demand similar diameters; after chromium-zirconium-copper rod 1 first passes through solution treated; the austenite having intercrystalline corrosion to be inclined to making inside carries out stabilizing treatment; the austenite making inside all tends towards stability; improve toughness, plasticity and resistance to corrosion; avoid the austenite that intercrystalline corrosion is inclined to that subzero treatment is produced impact; and chromium-zirconium-copper rod 1 carried out simple cutting polishing define end bosses and be formed as the electrode cap of circular arc; carry out heat treatment again, make the protective layer that outer surface forms hardening improve service life.
During extruding taper hole 4, first after squeezing out more than half degree of depth, making extruder exit makes internal structure realize buffering adaptations, re-start second time extruding again, thus forming complete taper hole 4, thus avoiding one-shot forming to cause, inside is extruded position and produces stress accumulation, thus causing that disposable extruding is subject to counteracting force excessive and is unable to reach standard.
nullAs shown in Figure 6，Setting due to taper hole 4 with annular groove 6，So that each outer surface in work portion 3 reduces to the range difference at center when subzero treatment，So that work portion 3 temperature spread of the temperature of center and outer surface when subzero treatment reduces，Thus improve the effect by subzero treatment，The degree of depth making subzero treatment is more，And the austenite of inside is stable austenite，It is subject to cold service can realize effectively eliminating，It is greatly improved thus being subject to subzero treatment thickness at electrode cap，The raising of electrode cap effective thickness during due to welding，Thus improve the service life of welding、Reduce and splash，Avoid viscous electrode，And also it is not easy damaged to the position not affected by subzero treatment after being collided when welding，It is greatly improved working life，And after outer surface is damaged，Structure due to inside comparatively temperature，Thus the splashing produced is also less with adhesion phenomenon，Thus time point weldering effective performance carries out of short duration maintenance.
Pass through X-ray diffraction method, by measuring the program of Broadening of diffraction lines, measure the change of grain size size, as shown in Figure 1, 2, it is measured the electrode cap before not carrying out subzero treatment and the electrode cap after subzero treatment, after deep cooling, crystal grain substantially refines, and space structure is more tight, and strength enhancing is obvious.
nullIt is analyzed again through practical data，Such as Fig. 4、5，The life of product correspondence of subzero treatment does not carry out the life of product of subzero treatment have been had and has been obviously improved，The product that prior art obtains under-150 DEG C of * 4h PROCESS FOR TREATMENT is carried out spot welding life experimental data again and the step of the present invention product under-150 DEG C of * 2h PROCESS FOR TREATMENT carries out spot welding life experimental data and contrasts，Can show that prior art spot welding effect after getting 1300 ready is substantially reduced，And the present invention gets ready and slightly declines after 1500，Still keeping nugget size before 2000 is 3.5mm，And the size pair of nugget size is extremely important with the firmness welded after automobile spot welding，General vehicle basic demand is maintained at more than 3mm at nugget size，Thus prior art effectively gets 1500 ready，And the present invention effectively to get ready be 2000，Thus effectively raising service life，And when vehicle welds，The spot welding quantity of each car substantially 3000 solder joints，Thus in large-scale vehicle manufactures，Lifting for this high processing consumptive material consumed has this very important economic worth，Decrease the waste of consumptive material，Energy-conserving and environment-protective.
And the subzero treatment time of the present invention be only 2h after number of effective points just can reach 2000 points, and number of effective points can only achieve 1500 points after prior art subzero treatment 4h, thus being effectively reduced the production time, working (machining) efficiency is provided, and then decrease the waste of liquid nitrogen, thus meeting the requirement of energy-conserving and environment-protective, thus showing that prior art adds the poor effect in lifting life-span time increasing 2h-150 DEG C of situations, and the present invention processes 2h contrast in-150 DEG C of situations and processes 1.5h pair and had good lifting service life.
Carry out cutting out flat end face 5 as shown in Figure 6 in work portion 3 and carrying out subzero treatment, effectively avoid work portion 3 to be collided in pinpoint welding procedure, and the area of end is bigger, welding significant surface improves, thus the size improving nugget that can be extra when effectively improving welding, thus improving service life.
Embodiment 3: the processing technique of a kind of automobile lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode cap, comprises the steps:
Step one: Feedstock treating: chromium-zirconium-copper rod 1 passes through solution treated；
Step 2: blanking: chromium-zirconium-copper rod 1 is cut off segmentation to be processed；
Step 3: first shaping: wherein will carry out polishing formation installed surface 2 by end face, and another end face is worn into out the work portion 3 of arc-shaped convex, then make a polar cap outer circumferential sides face carry out extruding shrinking；
Step 4: cold extrusion: carry out secondary extrusion on installed surface 2 by extruder and mold taper hole 4, and carry out inside and outside chamfering at installed surface 2；
Step 5: hardening heat processes；Ageing Treatment, temperature is 450-500 degree, and the time is 1.5-3 hour；
Step 6: reshaping: being entered by taper hole 4 and position on lathe, central end car goes out flat end face 5 in work portion 3；
Step 7: grooving: outer circumferential sides facing goes out annular groove 6 in the middle part of electrode cap；
Step 8: polishing: flat end face 5 is carried out grinding process；
Step 9: subzero treatment: electrode cap is put into storage the exceeding cold seal container of liquid nitrogen, is set as under-170 environment by deep freeze refrigeration plant temperature, and cooling rate arranges 6 DEG C/s, makes electrode cap take out after preserving 1.5 hours.
Choose the chromium-zirconium-copper rod 1 of diameter and demand similar diameters; after chromium-zirconium-copper rod 1 first passes through solution treated; the austenite having intercrystalline corrosion to be inclined to making inside carries out stabilizing treatment; the austenite making inside all tends towards stability; improve toughness, plasticity and resistance to corrosion; avoid the austenite that intercrystalline corrosion is inclined to that subzero treatment is produced impact; and chromium-zirconium-copper rod 1 carried out simple cutting polishing define end bosses and be formed as the electrode cap of circular arc; carry out heat treatment again, make the protective layer that outer surface forms hardening improve service life.
During extruding taper hole 4, first after squeezing out more than half degree of depth, making extruder exit makes internal structure realize buffering adaptations, re-start second time extruding again, thus forming complete taper hole 4, thus avoiding one-shot forming to cause, inside is extruded position and produces stress accumulation, thus causing that disposable extruding is subject to counteracting force excessive and is unable to reach standard.
nullAs shown in Figure 6，Setting due to taper hole 4 with annular groove 6，So that each outer surface in work portion 3 reduces to the range difference at center when subzero treatment，So that work portion 3 temperature spread of the temperature of center and outer surface when subzero treatment reduces，Thus improve the effect by subzero treatment，The degree of depth making subzero treatment is more，And the austenite of inside is stable austenite，It is subject to cold service can realize effectively eliminating，It is greatly improved thus being subject to subzero treatment thickness at electrode cap，The raising of electrode cap effective thickness during due to welding，Thus improve the service life of welding、Reduce and splash，Avoid viscous electrode，And also it is not easy damaged to the position not affected by subzero treatment after being collided when welding，It is greatly improved working life，And after outer surface is damaged，Structure due to inside comparatively temperature，Thus the splashing produced is also less with adhesion phenomenon，Thus time point weldering effective performance carries out of short duration maintenance.
Pass through X-ray diffraction method, by measuring the program of Broadening of diffraction lines, measure the change of grain size size, as shown in Figure 1, 2, it is measured the electrode cap before not carrying out subzero treatment and the electrode cap after subzero treatment, after deep cooling, crystal grain substantially refines, and space structure is more tight, and strength enhancing is obvious.
nullIt is analyzed again through practical data，Such as Fig. 4、5，The life of product correspondence of subzero treatment does not carry out the life of product of subzero treatment have been had and has been obviously improved，The product that prior art obtains under-170 DEG C of * 2h PROCESS FOR TREATMENT is carried out spot welding life experimental data again and the step of the present invention product under-170 DEG C of * 1.5h PROCESS FOR TREATMENT carries out spot welding life experimental data and contrasts，Can show that prior art spot welding effect after getting 1800 ready is substantially reduced，And the present invention gets ready and slightly declines after 2100，Still keeping nugget size before 2400 is 3.5mm，And the size pair of nugget size is extremely important with the firmness welded after automobile spot welding，General vehicle basic demand is maintained at more than 3mm at nugget size，Thus prior art effectively gets 2000 ready，And the present invention effectively to get ready be 2400，Thus effectively raising service life，And when vehicle welds，The spot welding quantity of each car substantially 3000 solder joints，Thus in large-scale vehicle manufactures，Lifting for this high processing consumptive material consumed has this very important economic worth，Decrease the waste of consumptive material，Energy-conserving and environment-protective.
And the subzero treatment time of the present invention be only 1.5h after number of effective points just can reach 2400 points, and number of effective points can only achieve 2000 points after prior art subzero treatment 2h, thus being effectively reduced the production time, working (machining) efficiency is provided, and then decrease the waste of liquid nitrogen, thus meeting the requirement of energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Carry out cutting out flat end face 5 as shown in Figure 6 in work portion 3 and carrying out subzero treatment, effectively avoid work portion 3 to be collided in pinpoint welding procedure, and the area of end is bigger, welding significant surface improves, thus the size improving nugget that can be extra when effectively improving welding, thus improving service life.
Embodiment 4: the processing technique of a kind of automobile lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode cap, comprises the steps:
Step one: Feedstock treating: chromium-zirconium-copper rod 1 passes through solution treated；
Step 2: blanking: chromium-zirconium-copper rod 1 is cut off segmentation to be processed；
Step 3: first shaping: chromium-zirconium-copper rod 1 end face is carried out polishing formation installed surface 2, and another end face is worn into out the work portion 3 of arc-shaped convex, then make a polar cap outer circumferential sides face carry out extruding shrinking；
Step 4: cold extrusion: carry out secondary extrusion on installed surface 2 by extruder and mold taper hole 4, and carry out inside and outside chamfering at installed surface 2；
Step 5: hardening heat processes；Ageing Treatment, temperature is 450-500 degree, and the time is 1.5-3 hour；
Step 6: reshaping: being entered by taper hole 4 and position on lathe, central end car goes out flat end face 5 in work portion 3；
Step 7: grooving: outer circumferential sides facing goes out annular groove 6 in the middle part of electrode cap；
Step 8: polishing: flat end face 5 is carried out grinding process；
Step 9: subzero treatment: electrode cap is put into storage the exceeding cold seal container of liquid nitrogen, is set as under-170 environment by deep freeze refrigeration plant temperature, and cooling rate arranges 6 DEG C/s, makes electrode cap take out after preserving 2 hours.
Choose the chromium-zirconium-copper rod 1 of diameter and demand similar diameters; after chromium-zirconium-copper rod 1 first passes through solution treated; the austenite having intercrystalline corrosion to be inclined to making inside carries out stabilizing treatment; the austenite making inside all tends towards stability; improve toughness, plasticity and resistance to corrosion; avoid the austenite that intercrystalline corrosion is inclined to that subzero treatment is produced impact; and chromium-zirconium-copper rod 1 carried out simple cutting polishing define end bosses and be formed as the electrode cap of circular arc; carry out heat treatment again, make the protective layer that outer surface forms hardening improve service life.
During extruding taper hole 4, first after squeezing out more than half degree of depth, making extruder exit makes internal structure realize buffering adaptations, re-start second time extruding again, thus forming complete taper hole 4, thus avoiding one-shot forming to cause, inside is extruded position and produces stress accumulation, thus causing that disposable extruding is subject to counteracting force excessive and is unable to reach standard.
nullAs shown in Figure 6，Setting due to taper hole 4 with annular groove 6，So that each outer surface in work portion 3 reduces to the range difference at center when subzero treatment，So that work portion 3 temperature spread of the temperature of center and outer surface when subzero treatment reduces，Thus improve the effect by subzero treatment，The degree of depth making subzero treatment is more，And the austenite of inside is stable austenite，It is subject to cold service can realize effectively eliminating，It is greatly improved thus being subject to subzero treatment thickness at electrode cap，The raising of electrode cap effective thickness during due to welding，Thus improve the service life of welding、Reduce and splash，Avoid viscous electrode，And also it is not easy damaged to the position not affected by subzero treatment after being collided when welding，It is greatly improved working life，And after outer surface is damaged，Structure due to inside comparatively temperature，Thus the splashing produced is also less with adhesion phenomenon，Thus time point weldering effective performance carries out of short duration maintenance.
Pass through X-ray diffraction method, by measuring the program of Broadening of diffraction lines, measure the change of grain size size, as shown in Figure 1, 2, it is measured the electrode cap before not carrying out subzero treatment and the electrode cap after subzero treatment, after deep cooling, crystal grain substantially refines, and space structure is more tight, and strength enhancing is obvious.
nullIt is analyzed again through practical data，Such as Fig. 4、5，The life of product correspondence of subzero treatment does not carry out the life of product of subzero treatment have been had and has been obviously improved，The product that prior art obtains under-150 DEG C of * 4h PROCESS FOR TREATMENT is carried out spot welding life experimental data again and the step of the present invention product under-150 DEG C of * 2h PROCESS FOR TREATMENT carries out spot welding life experimental data and contrasts，Can show that prior art spot welding effect after getting 1900 ready is substantially reduced，And the present invention gets ready and slightly declines after 2300，Still keeping nugget size before 2600 is 3.5mm，And the size pair of nugget size is extremely important with the firmness welded after automobile spot welding，General vehicle basic demand is maintained at more than 3mm at nugget size，Thus prior art effectively gets 2100 ready，And the present invention effectively to get ready be 2600，Thus effectively raising service life，And when vehicle welds，The spot welding quantity of each car substantially 3000 solder joints，Thus in large-scale vehicle manufactures，Lifting for this high processing consumptive material consumed has this very important economic worth，Decrease the waste of consumptive material，Energy-conserving and environment-protective.
And the subzero treatment time of the present invention be only 2h after number of effective points just can reach 2600 points, and number of effective points can only achieve 2100 points after prior art subzero treatment 4h, thus being effectively reduced the production time, working (machining) efficiency is provided, and then decrease the waste of liquid nitrogen, thus meeting the requirement of energy-conserving and environment-protective, thus showing that prior art adds the poor effect in lifting life-span time increasing 2h-170 DEG C of situations, and the present invention processes 2h contrast in-170 DEG C of situations and processes 1.5h pair and had good lifting service life.
Carry out cutting out flat end face 5 as shown in Figure 6 in work portion 3 and carrying out subzero treatment, effectively avoid work portion 3 to be collided in pinpoint welding procedure, and the area of end is bigger, welding significant surface improves, thus the size improving nugget that can be extra when effectively improving welding, thus improving service life.
nullEmbodiment 5: the processing technique of a kind of automobile lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode cap，As shown in Figure 6，Choose diameter close with actual size，Reduce post-production cost，A polar cap outer circumferential sides face is made to carry out extruding shrinking to actually required size again，Carry out multistage during blanking to cut simultaneously，Improve work efficiency，And for the later stage polish length in reserve，Avoid produce electrode cap processing after too short，Thus forming 39D1978/2(58D8246/1 tack) electrode cap，It is suitable for real work to use，And the compactness of electrode cap is improve through subzero treatment，Change inner element distribution，Improve conduction、Heat conductivility，Thus heat production reduces、The capacity of heat transmission improves，The tendency of bonding is produced when avoiding spot welding，Improve the routed deformability of resistance to compression，Make have service life to be obviously improved，And energy consumption is low in the course of processing、Efficiency is high，It is suitable for large-scale production.
Subzero treatment improves lifetime mechanism and illustrates: after metal applies external electric field, and free electron obtains acceleration, just occurs directional migration to form electric current along external electric field direction；Free electron, in directional migration process, constantly colliding with cation, making electron transfer be obstructed, thus producing resistance；If forming conductivity during solid solution in metal to reduce containing a small amount of impurity, resistivity increases；Reason is owing to its foreign atom makes the normal structure of metal be distorted, and causes the scattering that electronics is extra；When solute and solvent atom form uneven solid solution when microcosmos area skewness, namely there is the segregation region of atom in solid solution, its composition is different from the average assay of solid solution, or there is shortrange order region in solid solution；These situations can scattered electron consumingly, and make uneven solid solution have high resistance value；Heat transfer process is the energy transport of material internal；Elastic distortion, dislocation and the lattice defects etc. that Solute Atoms In Solid Solution causes all can cause the scattering of electronics to make heat conductivity decline；When solid solution alloy has sequence structure, owing to the periodicity of dot matrix strengthens, make the mean free path of conduction electronics increase, thus its heat conductivity will significantly increase than time unordered；Additionally, because gas is the bad carrier of heat, if metallic perimeter has the hole that there is Dispersed precipitate gas encirclement or inside, the heat conductivity of material will be affected by and reduce；There is more micro-hole in non-subzero treatment electrode matrix, such organizational structure makes the electronics of displacement be subject to violent scattering process, causes that the electric conductivity of material and heat conductivity decline；After subzero treatment, the micro-pore quantity in material is greatly reduced before untreated, and base densities degree is improved significantly, and therefore improves the conduction of electrode, heat conduction and non-deformability；Owing to chromium, zirconium both constituent elements content in Copper substrate are little, electrode material belongs to low concentration solid solution, under low concentration, the resistance of solid solution obeys Ma Tisen rule, in electrode copper alloy, the chromium of solid solution, zirconium precipitate out from matrix through subzero treatment and reduce the concentration of solute atoms in matrix, improve the purity of Copper substrate, thus reducing the additional resistance that solute element produces, improve the conduction of electrode copper alloy, the capacity of heat transmission；After subzero treatment, the crystal grain gap of copper alloy reduces, and almost reduces one times, so the intensity that subzero treatment can make electrode improves before untreated；After subzero treatment, Cr, Zr occur in that Cr, Zr granule of a large amount of Dispersed precipitate on Copper substrate, thus putting forward heavy alloyed non-deformability；Obviously, subzero treatment makes electrode cap internal microstructure there occurs a series of change, improves the thermophysical property of electrode cap, electric conductivity and mechanical property, thus significantly improving the life-span of electrode cap.
This specific embodiment is only explanation of the invention; it is not limitation of the present invention; the present embodiment can be made the amendment not having creative contribution as required by those skilled in the art after reading this specification, but as long as being affected by the protection of Patent Law in scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (10)
1. a processing technique for automobile lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode cap, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
Step one: Feedstock treating: chromium-zirconium-copper rod (1) passes through solution treated；
Step 2: blanking: chromium-zirconium-copper rod (1) is cut off segmentation to be processed；
Step 3: first shaping: chromium-zirconium-copper rod (1) end face is carried out polishing formation installed surface (2), and another end face is worn into out protruding work portion (3), then make a polar cap outer circumferential sides face carry out extruding shrinking；
Step 4: cold extrusion: squeeze out taper hole (4) on installed surface (2) by extruder；
Step 5: hardening heat processes；
Step 6: reshaping: entered by taper hole (4) and position on lathe, go out flat end face (5) at work portion (3) central end car；
Step 7: grooving: outer circumferential sides facing goes out annular groove (6) in the middle part of electrode cap；
Step 8: polishing: flat end face (5) is carried out grinding process；
Step 9: subzero treatment: electrode cap is put into deep freeze refrigeration plant, is set as deep freeze refrigeration plant temperature under-150 ~-170 degree environment, and makes electrode cap take out after preserving 1.5 ~ 2 hours.
2. the processing technique of a kind of automobile lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode cap according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described deep freeze refrigeration plant is exceeding cold seal container, exceeding cold seal stored in containers has liquid nitrogen, and in exceeding cold seal container, temperature is set as that-150 spend, and makes electrode cap take out after preserving 1.5 hours.
3. the processing technique of a kind of automobile lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode cap according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described deep freeze refrigeration plant is exceeding cold seal container, exceeding cold seal stored in containers has liquid nitrogen, and in exceeding cold seal container, temperature is set as that-150 spend, and makes electrode cap take out after preserving 2 hours.
4. the processing technique of a kind of automobile lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode cap according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described deep freeze refrigeration plant is exceeding cold seal container, being provided with liquid nitrogen vaporization jet pipe in exceeding cold seal container, in exceeding cold seal container, temperature is set as that-170 spend, and makes electrode cap take out after preserving 1.5 hours.
5. the processing technique of a kind of automobile lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode cap according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described deep freeze refrigeration plant is exceeding cold seal container, being provided with liquid nitrogen vaporization jet pipe in exceeding cold seal container, in exceeding cold seal container, temperature is set as that-170 spend, and makes electrode cap take out after preserving 2 hours.
6. the processing technique of a kind of automobile lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode cap according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described taper hole (4) is by secondary extrusion molding.
7. the processing technique of a kind of automobile lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode cap according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described installed surface (2) carries out inside and outside chamfering.
8. the processing technique of a kind of automobile lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode cap according to claim 1, is characterized in that: it is Ageing Treatment that described hardening heat processes, and temperature is 450-500 degree, and the time is 1.5-3 hour.
9. the processing technique of a kind of automobile lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode cap according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described projection is circular arc.
10. the processing technique of a kind of automobile lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode cap according to the claims any one, it is characterized in that: it is 16mm that middle chromium-zirconium-copper of selecting materials rod (1) chooses diameter, in blanking, chromium-zirconium-copper rod (1) uniform cut becomes 23mm, squeezing out taper hole (4) length is 10mm, and polishing and flat end face (5) holding electrode cap length afterwards are 22mm.
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