CN105798280B - A kind of drainage agent - Google Patents

A kind of drainage agent Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105798280B
CN105798280B CN201610234506.8A CN201610234506A CN105798280B CN 105798280 B CN105798280 B CN 105798280B CN 201610234506 A CN201610234506 A CN 201610234506A CN 105798280 B CN105798280 B CN 105798280B
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raw material
roller
brick bed
heatable brick
drying
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CN105798280A (en
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王勇源
李秀锋
陈守杰
唐红波
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HENAN TONGYU METALLURGY MATERIALS GROUP CO Ltd
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HENAN TONGYU METALLURGY MATERIALS GROUP CO Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/14Closures
    • B22D41/44Consumable closure means, i.e. closure means being used only once
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/12Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on chromium oxide
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    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/66Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
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    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3217Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
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    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3231Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C04B2235/3241Chromium oxides, chromates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
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    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/34Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3418Silicon oxide, silicic acids or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
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    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/34Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3427Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
    • C04B2235/3463Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
    • C04B2235/3472Alkali metal alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. spodumene, alkali feldspars such as albite or orthoclase, micas such as muscovite, zeolites such as natrolite
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    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/42Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
    • C04B2235/422Carbon
    • C04B2235/424Carbon black
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    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/42Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
    • C04B2235/422Carbon
    • C04B2235/425Graphite
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    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/54Particle size related information
    • C04B2235/5418Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
    • C04B2235/5427Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof millimeter or submillimeter sized, i.e. larger than 0,1 mm

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of drainage agents, belong to metal smelt technical field.The coal gas that the present invention uses gas generator to provide is burnt in hot-blast stove for heat source, first dries various raw materials in roller a heatable brick bed, then utilizes air-cooled cooling, it is delivered in corresponding feed bin, adds carbon according to formulation ratio automatic blanking, be uniformly mixed in closing agitator tank, then automatic packaging, storage.Integrated artistic of the present invention uses automatic production line, both the stabilization of product quality had been ensure that, reduce operating personnel's quantity again, human cost is reduced, while also significantly reducing influence of the human factor to product quality, while being also easy to produce the link of dust in roller a heatable brick bed and closing agitator tank and being both provided with cleaner, it is collected and removes with the dust to generation, dust pollution is reduced, environmental protection standard is improved, realizes cleaning, efficiently production.

Description

A kind of drainage agent
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal smelt technical fields, and in particular to a kind of drainage agent.
Background technology
Steel ladle drainage agent belongs to a kind of amorphous refractory, is added in ladle upper nozzle, the process of pouring is unwrapped in continuous casting steel In can automatic casting, keep production process continuous and ensure whole process protection casting, be a kind of required refractory material.
Since steel excess capacity, iron and steel enterprise are in meagre profit even lossing state mostly in recent years, iron and steel enterprise is big Width compresses the procurement price of crude fuel to increase profit margin, and steel ladle drainage agent is as a kind of required refractory material, buying Price persistently reduces, and the prices such as raw material used such as imported from South Africa chrome ore are climbing up and up, in order to promote profit margin, Cost must be reduced in intermediate production link, therefore it is extremely urgent to improve production technology reduction process cost.In addition, state's inner ring Conformal gesture is increasingly severe, and original production technology has been unable to meet higher and higher environmental requirement, using a kind of high-environmental standard Production technology it is imperative.Existing steel ladle drainage agent is to use artificial mixed raw material mostly, and then plus water matches carbon, then adopts It is carried into sand dryer with elevator and even being dried using adobe kang, then natural cooling is packed, be put in storage.The work that such technique needs People is more, increases human cost and human factor also has a great impact to the stability of product, and such drying equipment is all in addition It is to provide heat source using fire coal, efficiency of utilization is low, and environmental pollution is serious.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, provide a kind of drainage agent, mitigate significantly The labor intensity of worker, environmental protection standard is high, improves steel quality and effectively ensures the direct motion of continuous casting process.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:A kind of drainage agent, by following raw materials according system At:Its percent mass proportioning is as follows:Chromium sand 50~80%, crystobalite sand 10~30%, fused magnesite 8~20%, each raw material grain Degree control is in claimed range;
Production technology carries out in the steps below:
A, according to the granularity requirements of raw material in product formula, chrome ore and Desert Sand are sized to corresponding grade respectively, measured Then the ingredient of each raw material after screening will meet each feedstock delivery as defined in formula to baking material scene;
B, it is utilized respectively belt conveyor to be delivered in roller a heatable brick bed, using the coal gas generated by gas generator in hot wind Burning provides hot wind and is dried in stove, controls the rotating speed of roller a heatable brick bed at 300 revs/min in drying course, air inducing temperature controls At 150 DEG C, make the biodiversity percentage composition < 0.1% in each raw material after drying, it, need to be first by rolling when drying different material Raw material handling in cylinder a heatable brick bed is clean, can dry another raw material, and separation cyclone scrubber is connected in the exit of roller a heatable brick bed, right The dust generated in drying course is separated and collected, and achievees the effect that dedusting;
C, by each feedstock transportation after drying to air-cooled roller a heatable brick bed, carry out wind cooling temperature lowering, make it is air-cooled after each raw material in Biodiversity percentage composition < 0.1% and temperature≤200 DEG C;
D, inspection is sampled to each raw material after air-cooled, it is ensured that the biodiversity percentage composition < 0.1% of each raw material;
E, qualified each raw material will be examined to be delivered to specified feed bin by conveying device respectively to store, is indicated;
F, according to the material rate in product formula, according to every time 2,5,8 or 10 tons of production tonnage, by Microcomputerized dosing system Statistics calculates the quality of each raw material, automatically controls blanking and is delivered in closing agitator tank, ensures each quality of production error < 5kg;
G, by fused magnesite by individual bin blanking to closing agitator tank, control mixing time is obtained into 30min Product, closing agitator tank exit connection separation cyclone scrubber are dusted;
H, inspection is sampled to gained finished product, it is ensured that moisture content of finished products mass percentage < 0.1%;I, elevator is utilized Qualified finished product will be examined to be delivered in high-order storage tank, prepare continuous packaging;
J, according to packing instructions, every bag of 0.5kg/ bags of measurement error < is controlled;
K, it is packed using automatic packaging machine, 60 DEG C of the temperature < in packaging process, the mass percentage < of moisture 0.1%;
L, finally the warehousing finished products after packaging are preserved.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
The coal gas that the present invention uses gas generator to provide is burnt in hot-blast stove for heat source, first by various raw materials in roller It is dried in a heatable brick bed, then utilizes air-cooled cooling, be delivered in corresponding feed bin, add carbon according to formulation ratio automatic blanking, closing It is uniformly mixed in agitator tank, then automatic packaging, storage.Integrated artistic of the present invention uses automatic production line, both ensure that production The stabilization of quality, and reduce operating personnel's quantity, human cost is reduced, while also significantly reducing human factor to production The influence of quality.
In general, the granularmetric composition of stuffing sand has a great impact to sintering character, dilatancy of the drainage agent in the mouth of a river, into And self-opening rate is influenced, it is based on this, corresponding production technology there must be stock, that is, crush and/or sieve link, and raw material is made to be in regulation Grade.Secondly, the moisture in drainage agent must be strict controlled in the range of regulation, and initial feed moisture is higher, It needs to carry out drying and processing.After drying, since temperature is higher, it is not suitable for direct batch mixing, needs further cooling, in order to reduce water That divides brings into, and the present invention is handled by the way of air-cooled, while the stringent content for controlling moisture in raw material.Original after air-cooled After material carries out automatic gauge, then match carbonaceous material, stirs and evenly mixs to get finished product.The present invention provides heat source, heat using gas-fired Utilization ratio is high, reduces exhaust gas discharge, while the link for being also easy to produce in roller a heatable brick bed and closing agitator tank dust is both provided with and removes Dirt equipment is collected and is removed with the dust to generation, is reduced dust pollution, is improved environmental protection standard, realize cleaning, height Effect production.
Description of the drawings
Present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1:The technological process of production schematic diagram of the present invention;
Wherein, A- coal gas, B- hot winds, C, D- conveying device, E- elevators.
Specific implementation mode
In order to enable those skilled in the art to preferably understand the present invention, below to being carried out to it in conjunction with attached drawing 1 Specifically illustrate.Refering to fig. 1, the production technology of steel ladle drainage agent of the present invention can carry out in the steps below:
A, it stocks up:It, then will be each after screening by satisfactory each material screening to corresponding grade according to production requirement Raw material as required measured by ratio, by the various feedstock deliveries measured to baking material scene;
B, it dries:The above-mentioned each raw material for being transported to baking material scene is utilized respectively conveying device to be delivered in roller a heatable brick bed, profit It is burnt in hot-blast stove with the coal gas generated by gas generator and hot wind is provided is dried, according to each raw material in drying course By the rotating speed control of roller a heatable brick bed at 300~600 revs/min, air inducing temperature is controlled at 150~250 DEG C original moisture, makes drying Biodiversity percentage composition < 0.1% in each raw material afterwards is needed first that the raw material in roller a heatable brick bed is clear when drying different material Reason is clean, can dry another raw material, and the exit of the roller a heatable brick bed connects separation cyclone scrubber;
C, air-cooled:By in each feedstock transportation after drying to air-cooled roller a heatable brick bed, carry out wind cooling temperature lowering, make it is air-cooled after each original Biodiversity percentage composition < 0.1% in material and temperature≤200 DEG C;
D, the examination of materials:According to routine inspection method sampling inspection it is above-mentioned it is air-cooled after each raw material, it is ensured that the water of each raw material Divide mass percentage < 0.1%;
E, feeding:Each acceptable material after air-cooled is delivered to specified feed bin by conveying device respectively to store, Mark, it is spare;
F, Microcomputerized dosing:According to the material rate in product formula, according to 2~10 tons every time of production tonnage, by microcomputer Feed proportioning system calculates the quality of each material, automatically controls blanking and is delivered in closing agitator tank, it is desirable that each quality of production Error < 5kg;
G, it stirs:By carbonaceous materials such as carbon black, crystalline flake graphites by individual bin blanking to closing in agitator tank, according to production Quality requirement, control mixing time obtain finished product in 10~30min, and closing agitator tank exit connects cyclonic separation dedusting Device is dusted;
H, product inspection:According to finished product obtained by routine inspection method sampling inspection, it is ensured that the mass percentage < of moisture 0.1%;
I, it conveys:Finished product is delivered to by elevator in high-order storage tank, continuous packaging is prepared;
J, it measures:According to packing instructions, every bag of 0.5kg/ bags of measurement error < is controlled;
K, it packs:It is packed according to customer requirement, and using automatic packaging machine, packaging process will ensure temperature < 60 DEG C, the mass percentage < 0.1% of moisture;
L, it is put in storage:Warehousing finished products after packaging are preserved.
In order to which the present invention is furture elucidated in more detail, the following example is provided, but these are not constituted to the present invention's Limitation.
Embodiment one
Certain steel mill's ladle draining sand, product formula be comprising 60~70 parts of chrome ore, 5~15 parts of alumina balls, 20~ 30 parts of Desert Sand and 1~5 part of properties modifier, the properties modifier are crystalline flake graphite, ntermediate super abrasion furnace (carbon) black and semi-reinforcing hydrocarbon black The mixing of arbitrary proportion;Wherein, Cr in chrome ore2O3Content >=45%, grain size is 0.2~0.9mm, and 80 mesh≤3%, 20 mesh ≤ 2%, moisture content≤0.5%, weight percentage;SiO in Desert Sand2Content >=94%, grain size be 0.5~1.2mm.
Above-mentioned steel ladle drainage agent is produced using the production technology of steel ladle drainage agent of the present invention, can be carried out in the steps below:
A, according to the granularity requirements of raw material in product formula, chrome ore and Desert Sand are sized to corresponding grade respectively, measured The ingredient of each raw material after screening, it is ensured that Cr in chrome ore2O3Content >=45%, SiO in Desert Sand2Content >=94%, then will Meet each feedstock delivery as defined in formula to baking material scene;B, it is utilized respectively belt conveyor to be delivered in roller a heatable brick bed, utilize By gas generator generate coal gas burn in hot-blast stove offer hot wind dried, by the rotating speed of roller a heatable brick bed in drying course At 300 revs/min, air inducing temperature is controlled at 150 DEG C, makes the biodiversity percentage composition < in each raw material after drying for control 0.1%, need to be first clean by the raw material handling in roller a heatable brick bed when drying different material, another raw material can be dried, in roller The exit of a heatable brick bed connects separation cyclone scrubber, is separated and collected to the dust generated in drying course, reaches the effect of dedusting Fruit;C, by each feedstock transportation after drying to air-cooled roller a heatable brick bed, carry out wind cooling temperature lowering, make it is air-cooled after each raw material in moisture Mass percentage < 0.1% and temperature≤200 DEG C;D, inspection is sampled to each raw material after air-cooled, it is ensured that each raw material Biodiversity percentage composition < 0.1%;E, qualified each raw material will be examined to be delivered to specified feed bin by conveying device respectively Storage, is indicated;F, according to the material rate in product formula, according to every time 2,5,8 or 10 tons of production tonnage, by microcomputer Feed proportioning system calculates the quality of each raw material, automatically controls blanking and is delivered in closing agitator tank, ensures each quality of production Error < 5kg;G, the carbonaceous material for mixing crystalline flake graphite, ntermediate super abrasion furnace (carbon) black and semi-reinforcing hydrocarbon black with arbitrary proportion is by individually expecting In storehouse blanking to closing agitator tank, control mixing time obtains finished product, closing agitator tank exit connection whirlwind point in 10min It is dusted from deduster;H, inspection is sampled to gained finished product, it is ensured that moisture content of finished products mass percentage < 0.1%;I、 Qualified finished product will be examined to be delivered in high-order storage tank using elevator, prepares continuous packaging;J, according to packing instructions, control Every bag of 0.5kg/ bags of measurement error <;K, it is packed using automatic packaging machine, 60 DEG C of the temperature < in packaging process, moisture Mass percentage < 0.1%;L, finally the warehousing finished products after packaging are preserved.
Embodiment two
Certain steel mill's ladle draining sand, product formula are chromium sand 60~76%, the wherein Cr in chromium sand2O3Quality percentage contain Amount >=45%;Sea sand 10~20%, alumina balls 4~9%, Desert Sand 4~9%, potassium feldspar 3~5%, carbon black 0.3~ 0.8%, crystalline flake graphite 0.3~1.0%.Above-mentioned steel ladle drainage agent is produced using the production technology of steel ladle drainage agent of the present invention, Production stage is identical as embodiment one, unlike:Step B, during the drying process, by the control of the rotating speed of roller a heatable brick bed 450 turns/ Point, air inducing temperature is controlled at 200 DEG C;Step G is extremely closed carbon black and crystalline flake graphite in agitator tank by individual bin blanking, Mixing time is controlled in 20min, obtains finished product.
Embodiment three
Certain steel mill's steel ladle drainage agent is made of following raw materials according:Its percent mass proportioning is as follows:Chromium sand 50~80%, crystobalite Sand 10~30%, fused magnesite 8~20%, each raw material granularity control is in claimed range.
Above-mentioned steel ladle drainage agent, production stage and embodiment one are produced using the production technology of steel ladle drainage agent of the present invention It is identical, unlike:Step B, during the drying process, by the rotating speed control of roller a heatable brick bed at 300 revs/min, the control of air inducing temperature exists 150℃;Step G, by fused magnesite by individual bin blanking to closing agitator tank, control mixing time is obtained in 30min Finished product.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of drainage agent preparation process, which is characterized in that the percent mass proportioning of the drainage agent is as follows:It is chromium sand 50 ~ 80%, white Quartz sand 10 ~ 30%, fused magnesite 8 ~ 20%, each raw material granularity control is in claimed range;
Drainage agent preparation process carries out in the steps below:
A, according to the granularity requirements of raw material in product formula, chrome ore and Desert Sand are sized to corresponding grade, metering screening respectively Then the ingredient of each raw material afterwards will meet each feedstock delivery as defined in formula to baking material scene;
B, it is utilized respectively belt conveyor to be delivered in roller a heatable brick bed, using the coal gas generated by gas generator in hot-blast stove Burning provides hot wind and is dried, and controls the rotating speed of roller a heatable brick bed at 300 revs/min in drying course, air inducing temperature is controlled 150 DEG C, make the biodiversity percentage composition < 0.1% in each raw material after drying, when drying different material, needing first will be in roller a heatable brick bed Raw material handling it is clean, another raw material can be dried, roller a heatable brick bed exit connect separation cyclone scrubber, to drying The dust generated in journey is separated and collected, and achievees the effect that dedusting;
C, by each feedstock transportation after drying to air-cooled roller a heatable brick bed, carry out wind cooling temperature lowering, make it is air-cooled after each raw material in water Divide mass percentage < 0.1% and temperature≤200 DEG C;
D, inspection is sampled to each raw material after air-cooled, it is ensured that the biodiversity percentage composition < 0.1% of each raw material;
E, qualified each raw material will be examined to be delivered to specified feed bin by conveying device respectively to store, is indicated;
F, according to the material rate in product formula, according to every time 2,5,8 or 10 tons of production tonnage, by Microcomputer Burden System meter The quality for calculating each raw material automatically controls blanking and is delivered in closing agitator tank, ensures each quality of production error < 5kg;
G, by fused magnesite by individual bin blanking to closing agitator tank, control mixing time obtains finished product in 30min, Connection separation cyclone scrubber in closing agitator tank exit is dusted;
H, inspection is sampled to gained finished product, it is ensured that moisture content of finished products mass percentage < 0.1%;I, it will be examined using elevator It tests qualified finished product to be delivered in high-order storage tank, prepares continuous packaging;
J, according to packing instructions, every bag of 0.5kg/ bags of measurement error < is controlled;
K, it is packed using automatic packaging machine, 60 DEG C of the temperature < in packaging process, the mass percentage < 0.1% of moisture;
L, finally the warehousing finished products after packaging are preserved.
CN201610234506.8A 2015-01-12 2015-01-12 A kind of drainage agent Active CN105798280B (en)

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CN201510013460.2A CN104557090B (en) 2015-01-12 2015-01-12 A kind of production technique of steel ladle drainage agent
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CN109133951B (en) * 2018-09-28 2021-02-05 河南通宇冶材集团有限公司 Heat-resistant drainage agent and preparation method thereof
CN109202055B (en) * 2018-11-27 2020-05-26 河南通宇冶材集团有限公司 High-quality special steel drainage agent and preparation method thereof
CN115959891B (en) * 2022-12-24 2023-08-22 河南通宇冶材集团有限公司 Fluorine-containing drainage agent

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JPH08300143A (en) * 1995-04-27 1996-11-19 Harima Ceramic Co Ltd Stuffing for sliding nozzle hole
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Inventor after: Wang Yongyuan

Inventor after: Li Xiufeng

Inventor after: Chen Shoujie

Inventor after: Tang Hongbo

Inventor before: Zhu Shijia

Inventor before: Wang Yongyuan

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