CN105798270A - Abrasion-resistant casting and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Abrasion-resistant casting and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105798270A CN105798270A CN201610219291.2A CN201610219291A CN105798270A CN 105798270 A CN105798270 A CN 105798270A CN 201610219291 A CN201610219291 A CN 201610219291A CN 105798270 A CN105798270 A CN 105798270A
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- hard alloy
- alloy bar
- iron
- wire gauze
- manufacture method
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/16—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/08—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for building-up linings or coverings, e.g. of anti-frictional metal
- B22D19/085—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for building-up linings or coverings, e.g. of anti-frictional metal of anti-frictional metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
- C21D1/20—Isothermal quenching, e.g. bainitic hardening
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
Abstract
The invention provides an abrasion-resistant casting and a manufacturing method thereof. The abrasion-resistant casting comprises a base body and a hard alloy rod inlaid and casted in the base body. The base body is austempered ductile iron and comprises 3.6%-4.5% of C, 1.4%-2.4% of Si, 0.3%-0.4% of Mn, 0.7%-0.9% of Cu, 1.2%-1.7% of Ni, 0.3%-0.4% of Mo, 0.01%-0.03% of P, 0.02%-0.04% of S and the balance Fe. The manufacturing method comprises the steps that the hard alloy rod is inlaid into an iron wire net, the surface of the iron wire net is covered with a foam plate, and a foam-plastic model is obtained; the materials are prepared proportionally, a prepared mixture is melted and subjected to spheroidizing treatment and inoculation treatment by adding a spheroidizing agent and an inoculation agent, and austempered ductile iron base iron is obtained; and the base iron is added into the foam-plastic model to be poured, a casting inlaid with the hard alloy rod is obtained and subjected to heat treatment, and thus the abrasion-resistant casting is obtained. The abrasion-resistant casting is high in hardness and strength and good in toughness.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Material Field, in particular to a kind of wear resistance castings and manufacture thereof
Method.
Background technology
Along with the high speed development of modern industry, crush, grind, excavate, the machinery such as steel rolling sets
Standby a large amount of consumption iron and steel wearing piece, these wearing pieces not only to have high wearability to also need to
Enough impact resistances, and traditional homogenous material can not meet requirement, therefore, in recent years
Carry out composite increasingly to be paid attention to by everybody.
At present, common on market wearing composite material more options potassium steel or rich chromium cast iron are
Body portion, selects ceramic particle or hard alloy or alloy bar as reinforced portion.Gao Meng
In the case of steel or rich chromium cast iron are only big in impact, stress high, abrasive material is hard, ability is the most wear-resisting, and
And its yield strength is low, it is easy to deformation, although and ceramic particle can strengthen to a certain extent
The wearability of composite, but due to the limitation of ceramic particle so that wear-resisting composite wood
The limited extent that the anti-wear performance of material improves, still cannot meet the bigger operation of tear strength and want
Ask.
Though having been reported that employing hard alloy bar is combined with body portion as reinforced portion to prepare
Wearing composite material, but its preparation method uses welding method and fixes hard alloy bar,
Or on matrix, make pricker edge hole, then hard alloy bar is set in base by pricker edge hole pricker
In body, these manufacture methods are the most loaded down with trivial details time-consuming, and weld it cannot be guaranteed that hard alloy is golden
Belonging to rod and body portion realizes good combination, the anti-wear performance of material is also had a greatly reduced quality.
In view of this, the special proposition present invention.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wear resistance castings, for existing wear-resisting compound
Material more options potassium steel or rich chromium cast iron cause high-abrasive material yield strength as matrix
Low, it is easy to the problem of deformation, the present invention is directed to this problem and improve, innovation uses Austria
Shellfish magnesium iron is as body portion, and is defined the component content of austempered ductile iron so that casting
Part not only hardness is high, and intensity is high, but also has good toughness, thus ensures wearability
Outstanding behaviours can be all had under various working environments.
The second object of the present invention is to provide the manufacture method of a kind of wear resistance castings, the method
Hard alloy bar can be combined with matrix height, improve the antiwear property of material.
In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, spy by the following technical solutions:
The wear resistance castings that the present invention provides, comprises matrix and the castingin hard in described matrix
Alloy bar；
Described matrix is austempered ductile iron, is calculated in mass percent, and described austempered ductile iron includes
C3.6-4.5%, Si1.4-2.4%, Mn0.3-0.4%, Cu0.7-0.9%, Ni1.2-1.7%,
Mo0.3-0.4%, P 0.01-0.03%, S0.02-0.04% and surplus Fe.
Austempering ductile iron (Austempered Ductile Iron is called for short ADI), i.e.
Austempered ductile iron, is the cast iron materials that obtains after isothermal hardening of the spheroidal graphite cast-iron of certain ingredients,
It is the product of Material Field new science and technology, there is excellent combination property, the foundry goods produced with it
Having intensity high, good toughness, flexural fatigue and contact fatigue strength are high, shock absorption and noise reduction
Can be good, wear-resistant, cryogenic property good and production cost is low, good in economic efficiency wait many only
Special advantage, be a kind of grow up on the basis of the utilization of spheroidal graphite cast-iron be worth try hard to recommend greatly
Wide excellent engineering material.
Austempered ductile iron obtains good structural state and high property to select suitable chemical composition to be to ensure that
The primary condition of energy, the selection of chemical composition should be conducive to the nodularization of graphite and obtain satisfied
Matrix, to the performance required by acquisition, makes austempered ductile iron have preferable casting character again.
Based on above-mentioned consideration, each chemical composition in austempered ductile iron used in the present invention is as follows:
C content height is easily generated graphite floatation phenomenon, and its result is to make the amount of inclusions in foundry goods increase
Many, reduce performance, be easily generated the defect such as shrinkage porosite and crackle when C content is low, control
3.6-4.5% is the most suitable.Si is strong graphite element, the precipitation of prevention cementite, but Si
Content is high easily to be formed abnormal graphite and improves black brittleness, controls 1.4%～2.4% the most
Suitably.Mn has the stable and effect of strengthening matrix, makes C curve move to right, and is conducive to improving
Quenching degree, intensity and wearability.But Mn too high levels can reduce intensity and the plasticity of ADI.
Therefore Mn content is unsuitable too high, controls at 0.3-0.4% most widely suited.P and S is as miscellaneous
Matter, is all that harmful element, especially P have serious segregation to be inclined to, and is easily formed at grain boundaries
Iron phosphide eutectic, improves black brittleness, seriously reduces low-temperature flexibility；S consumes nodulizer, causes
Nodularization is unstable, in order to ensure nodularization success, prevents too much field trash from producing and nodularization declines
Moving back, S needs to be strictly limited, based on above-mentioned consideration, by the content control of P in austempered ductile iron
Make the content at 0.01-0.03%, S to control at 0.02-0.04%.Mo makes C curve move to right,
Foundry goods can be made to have good quenching degree and shortening can process the time, but Mo content is higher by fall
The plasticity of low ADI and intensity, therefore, control Mo content at 0.3-0.4%.Ni and
Cu makes C curve move to right, and improves quenching degree, and Cu can also refine graphite and improve graphite nodule
Roundness, and refine bayesian body acupuncture, improve the uniformity of tissue, solution strengthening can be played
Effect, thus improve toughness and the wearability of foundry goods, its content respectively at 1.2-1.7% and
0.7-0.9%.
In sum, the present invention by by the chemical Composition Control of austempered ductile iron at particular range
In, using this austempered ductile iron as the matrix of wear resistance castings, not only make the hardness height of wear resistance castings,
Intensity is high, but also has good toughness, thus ensures that wear resistance castings adapts to various work
Make environment.
Preferably, the material of described hard alloy bar is YG8 hard alloy, and a diameter of
5-8mm, a length of 10-15mm.
YG8 hard alloy be mainly composed of WC and Co, use the hard of this material
Alloy bar, its density is 14.5-14.9g/cm3, hardness is 89HRA, tensile strength
>=1500Mpa, it is ensured that hard alloy bar has good wearability.
In the present invention, austempered ductile iron is as matrix, and YG8 series hard alloy is excellent as reinforcement,
And the most uniform sequential distribution of hard alloy bar, when this is beneficial to reduce molten metal solidification
Hard alloy bar and the unmatched impact of parent metal thermodynamic property.Owing to adjacent hard closes
The spacing of gold rod closely not only can affect metal fluidity, and reinforcement can cause chill to imitate very much
Should, cause hard alloy to be combined with matrix bad, be effectively protected away from too far away not having again
Effect, so the material of hard alloy bar used is not only defined by the present invention,
Also its diameter and length are defined, determine the diameter of hard alloy bar at 5-8mm,
Length is more suitable when 10-15mm, and with a diameter of 6mm, a length of 10mm
Time optimal.
In matrix, the spacing of adjacent hard alloy bar is chosen to be 5～6mm, wherein hard alloy
Rod volume fraction in the base is 3-5%, in working surface, the face, cross section of hard alloy bar
Amass the 6-8% for the working surface gross area, being firmly combined with between reinforcement and matrix, strengthen
Matrix is played the effect of being effectively protected by body, and the wearability of obtained foundry goods is its matrix material
The twice of material austempered ductile iron, the size of reinforcement and being reasonably distributed in matrix, it is ensured that it is resistance to
Mill property.
The manufacture method of the wear resistance castings that a kind of present invention provides, comprises the steps:
(1) hard alloy bar is embedded in wire gauze, covers foam on the surface of wire gauze
Plate, obtains steeping moulding model；
(2) according to proportion ingredient and by the fusing of joined compound, nodulizer and inovulant are added
Carry out spheroidising and inoculation, obtain austempered ductile iron base iron；
(3) addition of described base iron is poured into a mould to described bubble moulding model, inlayed
The foundry goods of hard alloy bar, carries out heat treatment to described foundry goods, obtains wear resistance castings.
The present invention manufactures wear resistance castings by lost-foam casting method, but only with the molding that disappears
The method of making cannot realize uniform for hard alloy bar castingin purpose in austempered ductile iron.For solving
Certainly this problem, hard alloy bar in a manufacturing method, is fixed in wire gauze by the present invention,
Again the surface of this wire gauze is covered cystosepiment, obtain the bubble moulding model poured into a mould.
In the bubble moulding model used by the present invention, owing to described hard alloy bar is by middle ferrum
Silk screen is fixed, then during lost foam casting, when cystosepiment gasifies, and hard alloy bar
Will not be subjected to displacement, finally make it be evenly distributed in austempered ductile iron matrix.
And, the method provided by the present invention, it is ensured that hard alloy bar and matrix combine journey
Spending higher, matrix serves effective supporting role to hard alloy bar, and high rigidity, height
Matrix is also played a very good protection by the hard alloy bar of wearability, improves workpiece
Overall antiwear property, and hard alloy bar difficult drop-off or go to sticks and staves in the course of the work.
In order to ensure that austempered ductile iron has the performance of excellence, it is preferable that in step (3), institute
State heat treatment to specifically include:
First described foundry goods being carried out austenitizing process, temperature is 850-950 DEG C, during insulation
Between be 60-120min, after quench 250-380 DEG C salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bath in be incubated 45-120min, enter
Row means of isothermal quenching, last air cooling is to room temperature.
In order to obtain austempered ductile iron tissue, foundry goods will be carried out heat treatment process, heat treated
Cheng Zhong, what qualitative change occurred has following 3 stages: 1) make matrix complete 850～950 DEG C of insulations
Portion is changed into the saturated austenite of carbon；2) 250～380 DEG C of austempering temperature models it are cooled fast to
Enclose so that it is pearlite can not be changed into and start to change to ausferrite；3) quench at isothermal
Fire temperature range insulation, makes matrix be changed into acicular ferrite and carbon containing 1.8%～2.2%
Stable austenite.
Several parameters in heat treatment process:
(1) austenitizing heat time heating time.Depend primarily on the austenitizing temperature of matrix,
Either pearlite occurred and Si content.Austenitizing temperature is the highest, and either pearlite occurred is the most, and Si content is more
Rate of transformation is the fastest at least.So austenitizing time is more suitable 60～120min,
The good time is 90min.
(2) isothermal quenching time.During producing austempored ductile iron, during isothermal hardening
Between length play Main Function.In the ferrite raw core phase, austenite accepts the raw core of ferrite
The carbon discharged with growth divides so that in austenite, carbon divides by 0.8% when quenching～1.1%, increases
Add to 1.2%～1.6%.The austenite of this phosphorus content is stable when room temperature, but mechanics
On still unstable.Therefore, also will be in isothermal liquid relaying continuation of insurance temperature, austenite carbon content increases to
1.8%～2.2%, this phosphorus content makes austenite the most stable, the most steady on mechanics
Fixed, it is only the due tissue of austempored ductile iron.Therefore, isothermal quenching time is limited to
45～120min.
(3) austempering temperature.After austenitizing heating and insulation, workpiece is put rapidly
Entering in the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bath of uniform temperature and carry out isothermal transformation, suitable austempering temperature is
250～380 DEG C.
Finally formulate isothermal quenching technique parameter: austenitizing treatment temperature is
850-950 DEG C, temperature retention time is 60-120min, and the temperature of means of isothermal quenching is
250-380 DEG C, temperature retention time is 45-120min.Most preferably, austenitizing treatment temperature
Being 870 DEG C, temperature retention time is 90min, and the temperature of means of isothermal quenching is 370 DEG C, insulation
Time is 90min.
Preferably, described step (1) specifically includes:
Hard alloy bar is embedded in wire gauze；
Take two identical cystosepiments, corresponding hard alloy bar arrangement position in wire gauze,
Relevant position at cystosepiment drills identical with hard alloy bar diameter respectively, deep 5-6mm's
Inlaid hole；
Cystosepiment is individually positioned in two surfaces of wire gauze, and the edge of described cystosepiment is in institute
State in wire gauze edge, and the hard alloy bar just extended in outside described wire gauze is inlayed completely
It is embedded in described inlaid hole；
At the surface coating paint of cystosepiment and dry, obtain steeping moulding model.
Lost-foam casting method of the prior art is that cystosepiment is cut directly into required mould
Type, or the model for foundry goods structure complexity, first cut into several portion by cystosepiment
Point, bond the most again, make block mold.But owing to the present invention was manufacturing
Hard alloy bar is evenly distributed in matrix by Cheng Zhongxu, therefore, is making bubble moulding model
During, hard alloy bar is fixed in wire gauze by the present invention, then by this wire gauze
Surface cover cystosepiment.
In order to realize covering the mesh of cystosepiment on the wire gauze surface being inlaid with hard alloy bar
, the present invention, during making bubble moulding model, takes two identical cystosepiments, corresponding
Hard alloy bar arrangement position in wire gauze, the relevant position at cystosepiment drills respectively
Identical with hard alloy bar diameter, the inlaid hole of deep 5-6mm.After cystosepiment is placed respectively
On two surfaces of wire gauze, the edge of described cystosepiment is in described wire gauze edge, and incites somebody to action
Will extend over the hard alloy bar outside described wire gauze to be embedded in completely in described inlaid hole.It
So by the Edge position control of cystosepiment in the edge of wire gauze, being hard in order to be further ensured that
Matter alloy bar is not subjected to displacement in casting process.
Coating coating is routine operation during lost foam casting, for kind and the thickness of coating,
According to the character of the foundry goods that the present invention is cast, suitable coating is that general cast iron disappears
Die cast coating, the suitable depth of coating is 2-3mm.
It is further preferred that the arranging situation that described hard alloy is in described wire gauze is, 2
Arranging 3 row, the distance between row and row is 4-8mm, described integral surface (50*50mm)
In occupied area ratio be 6-10%.
Preferably, in step (2), the temperature of described fusing is 1520-1550 DEG C, described
Spheroidization treatment temperature is 1470-1500 DEG C.
Preferably, in step (2), the quality of described nodulizer is described mixture quality
10-15%, the quality of described inovulant is the 7-20% of described mixture quality.
Preferably, in step (3), described by described base iron addition extremely described bubble moulding model
In pour into a mould, the step of foundry goods obtaining tungsten carbide button's rod specifically includes:
Bottom sandbox, put into bed load vibration ramming, described bubble moulding model put in sandbox,
Evacuation after back-up sand；
Described base iron is cast on described bubble moulding model, treats described base iron and described bubble
Moulding model is all replaced, and sandbox temperature is cooled down, obtains the foundry goods of tungsten carbide button.
It is further preferred that in the step of described evacuation, the vacuum degree control of sandbox is existed
0.04～0.06Mpa；
The temperature of described cast is 1380-1400 DEG C.
Compared with prior art, the invention have the benefit that
(1) the invention provides one by austempered ductile iron as matrix, and inlay in the base
The wear resistance castings of hard alloy bar.By using the good austempered ductile iron of combination property as base
Body, the hardness not only making wear resistance castings is high, and intensity is high, but also has good toughness,
Thus ensure that wear resistance castings adapts to various working environment.
(2) present invention is in a manufacturing method, in order to ensure hard alloy bar not to be subjected to displacement and
Guarantee that hard alloy bar is evenly distributed in austempered ductile iron, hard alloy bar is passed through iron wire
Net is fixed.
(3) the invention provides a kind of simple timesaving manufacture method, it is ensured that hard alloy bar
Can combine well with austempered ductile iron.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, with
Lower the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art will be briefly described.
Fig. 1 is that the wear resistance castings in embodiment 5 and comparative example 3 is in abrasive wear is tested
Comparative result figure.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, embodiment of the present invention are described in detail, but this
Skilled person is it will be appreciated that the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and should not regard
For limiting the scope of the present invention.Unreceipted actual conditions person in embodiment, according to normal condition
Or the condition of manufacturer's suggestion is carried out.Agents useful for same or instrument unreceipted production firm person, all
For the conventional products that can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
Embodiment 1
The wear resistance castings that the present embodiment provides, comprises hard in described matrix of matrix and castingin
Matter alloy bar；
Described matrix is austempered ductile iron, and described austempered ductile iron include C 3.6%, Si 1.4%,
Mn 0.3%, Cu 0.7%, Ni 1.2%, Mo 0.3%, P 0.01%, S 0.02%, surplus
For Fe.
Hard alloy bar used is YG6, a diameter of 5mm, a length of 10mm.
Its manufacture method comprises the steps:
S11, hard alloy bar is embedded in wire gauze, covers on two surfaces of wire gauze
Cystosepiment, obtains steeping moulding model；
S12, melt according to proportion ingredient and by joined compound, add nodulizer and breeding
Agent carries out spheroidising and inoculation, obtains austempered ductile iron base iron；
S13, described base iron is added to pouring into a mould in described bubble moulding model, inlayed
The foundry goods of embedding hard alloy bar, carries out heat treatment to described foundry goods, obtains wear resistance castings.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, wear resistance castings is carried out further restriction, in embodiment 1
On the basis of, limit used by hard alloy bar as YG8, a diameter of 5mm, a length of
10mm。
Its manufacture method comprises the steps:
S21, hard alloy bar is embedded in wire gauze；
Take two identical cystosepiments, corresponding hard alloy bar arrangement position in wire gauze,
Relevant position at cystosepiment drills identical with hard alloy bar diameter respectively, the edge of deep 5mm
Embedding hole；
Cystosepiment is individually positioned in wire gauze two surface, and the edge of described cystosepiment is described
In wire gauze edge, and the hard alloy bar that will extend into outside described wire gauze surface is inlayed completely
It is embedded in described inlaid hole；
At the surface coating paint of cystosepiment and dry, obtain steeping moulding model.
S22, melt according to proportion ingredient and by joined compound, add nodulizer and breeding
Agent carries out spheroidising and inoculation, obtains austempered ductile iron base iron.
S23, described base iron is added to pouring into a mould in described bubble moulding model, inlayed
The foundry goods of embedding hard alloy bar, carries out heat treatment to described foundry goods, obtains wear resistance castings.
Wherein, the step of described heat treatment specifically includes:
First described foundry goods is incubated at 850 DEG C 120min, carries out austenitizing process, after
Quench 250 DEG C salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bath in be incubated 120min, carry out means of isothermal quenching, subsequently air cooling
To room temperature.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, wear resistance castings is carried out further restriction, in embodiment 1
On the basis of, limit used by hard alloy bar as YG8, a diameter of 7mm, a length of
12mm。
Its manufacture method comprises the steps:
The same S21 of S31, step, describes in detail the most one by one at this.
S32, according to proportion ingredient and by joined compound melt, add 10% nodulizer
With 7% inovulant carry out spheroidising and inoculation, obtain austempered ductile iron base iron.
Wherein, the temperature of spheroidising is 1470-1500 DEG C.
S33, bottom sandbox, put into bed load vibration ramming, described bubble moulding model is put into
In sandbox, evacuation after back-up sand；Described base iron is cast on described bubble moulding model, treats
Described base iron is all replaced with described bubble moulding model, sandbox temperature is cooled down, is inlayed
The foundry goods of hard alloy, wherein, the temperature of cast is 1380-1400 DEG C.
Described foundry goods is carried out heat treatment, obtains wear resistance castings.Wherein, described heat treatment tool
Body includes: described foundry goods is first incubated at 950 DEG C 60min, carries out austenitizing process,
After quench the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bath of 380 DEG C be incubated 45min, carry out means of isothermal quenching, empty subsequently
It is cooled to room temperature.
Embodiment 4
In the present embodiment, wear resistance castings is carried out further restriction, in embodiment 1
On the basis of, limiting in the raw material of austempered ductile iron, the percentage composition of C is 4.5%, the hundred of Si
Dividing content is 2.4%, and the percentage composition of Mn is 0.4%, and the percentage composition of Cu is 0.9%,
The percentage composition of Ni is 1.7%, and the percentage composition of Mo is 0.4%, P0.03%, S0.04%,
Surplus is Fe.
In the present embodiment, hard alloy bar used is YG8, a diameter of 8mm, long
Degree is 15mm.
Its manufacture method, with embodiment 3, describes in detail the most one by one at this.
Embodiment 5
In the present embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 1, carry out entering one to wear resistance castings
Step restriction, described austempered ductile iron matrix include C3.6%, Si2.4%, Mn0.3%,
Cu0.7%, Ni1.2%, Mo0.3%, P0.01%, S0.02%, surplus is Fe.
Hard alloy bar used is YG8, a diameter of 6mm, a length of 10mm；At base
In body, the distance between adjacent hard alloy bar is 5-6mm, it is ensured that hard alloy bar is at base
Volume fraction in body is 3-5%, and at working surface, the area of section of hard alloy bar is work
Make the 6-8% of total surface area.
Its manufacture method comprises the steps:
S51, hard alloy bar is embedded in wire gauze；
Take two identical cystosepiments, corresponding hard alloy bar arrangement position in wire gauze,
Relevant position at cystosepiment drills identical with hard alloy bar diameter respectively, the edge of deep 5mm
Embedding hole；
Cystosepiment is individually positioned in two surfaces of wire gauze, and the edge of described cystosepiment is in institute
State 2-3mm in wire gauze edge, and will extend into the hard alloy outside described wire gauze surface
Rod is embedded in described inlaid hole completely；
At the surface coating paint of cystosepiment and dry, obtain steeping moulding model.
S52, according to proportion ingredient and by joined compound melt, add 15% nodulizer
With 20% inovulant carry out spheroidising and inoculation, obtain austempered ductile iron base iron.
Wherein, the temperature of spheroidising is 1470-1500 DEG C.
S53, bottom sandbox, put into bed load vibration ramming, described bubble moulding model is put into
In sandbox, evacuation after back-up sand, make the vacuum degree control of sandbox at 0.04-0.06MPa；Will
Described base iron is cast on described bubble moulding model, treats described base iron and described bubble moulding model
All displacements, cool down sandbox temperature, obtain the foundry goods of tungsten carbide button, wherein, water
The temperature of note is 1380-1400 DEG C.
Described foundry goods is carried out heat treatment, obtains wear resistance castings.Wherein, described heat treatment tool
Body includes: described foundry goods is first incubated at 870 DEG C 90min, carries out austenitizing process,
After quench the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bath of 370 DEG C be incubated 90min, carry out means of isothermal quenching, empty subsequently
It is cooled to room temperature.
Comparative example 1
In the wear resistance castings of comparative example 1, body portion is potassium steel, in the base castingin
Hard alloy bar, hard alloy bar is YG8, a diameter of 6mm, a length of 10mm.
Its manufacture method is with embodiment 5.
Comparative example 2
In the wear resistance castings of comparative example 2, body portion is austempered ductile iron, its chemical composition
Content is with embodiment 5.The hard alloy bar of castingin is with embodiment 5.
In manufacture method, by processing pricker edge hole on matrix, by hard alloy bar pricker
Edge is in the base.
Comparative example 3
In the wear resistance castings of comparative example, non-tungsten carbide button rod, only austempered ductile iron group
Becoming, its component content is with embodiment 5.Its manufacture method reference example 5, because not inlaying
Hard alloy bar, so in making bubble moulding model, not using wire gauze, directly at one piece
The surface coating paint of cystosepiment is also dried, and obtains steeping moulding model.The same embodiment of remaining step
5。
The material manufacturing embodiment 1-5 and comparative example 1-3 carries out wearability assessment, assessment
The method used is abrasive wear experiment, can grind by the wear-resistant grain of reaction material itself intuitively
Damage the power of performance.
Specific experiment process comprises the steps:
In the grain-abrasion testing machine that this experiment uses, Wear specimens is a size of
50mm × 50mm × 4mm, test load is 19.6N.Test sample surface smoothness is
0.2μm Ra.The carborundum paper that test sand paper selects granularity to be 180 mesh, a size of
12 × 158mm, is fixed on emery wheel as wear medium.Emery wheel is at reciprocating sample
Surface rotate, sample the most reciprocal one back and forth, emery wheel rotate 0.9 °.When emery wheel, to rotate one whole
Circle, sample just moves back and forth 400 times, changes a sand paper, it is ensured that specimen surface is always
Touching the abrasion of brand-new sand paper, test is carried out under identical variable.Sample is the most back and forth transported
Take off after dynamic 100 times and measure a wear extent by precision electronic balance.Each sample is carried out
2000 reciprocal abrasions.
After 2000 reciprocal abrasions, the wear extent of each embodiment and comparative example such as table 1
Shown in.
The each embodiment of table 1 and the wear extent of comparative example
The wear resistance castings that embodiment 5 and comparative example 3 manufacture is carried out detailed comparisons, as figure
Shown in 1, can intuitively find out that the wearability of the wear resistance castings that embodiment 5 manufactures is comparative example 3
2 times.
Although illustrate and describing the present invention with specific embodiment, but it will be appreciated that
May be made that without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention many other change and
Amendment.It is, therefore, intended that include in the following claims belonging in the scope of the invention
All such changes and modifications.
Claims (10)
1. wear resistance castings, it is characterised in that comprise hard in described matrix of matrix and castingin
Matter alloy bar；
Described matrix is austempered ductile iron, is calculated in mass percent, and described austempered ductile iron includes C
3.6-4.5%, Si 1.4-2.4%, Mn 0.3-0.4%, Cu 0.7-0.9%, Ni 1.2-1.7%,
Mo 0.3-0.4%, P 0.01-0.03%, S 0.02-0.04% and surplus Fe.
Wear resistance castings the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described hard closes
The material that gold rod is is YG8 hard alloy, and a diameter of 5-8mm, a length of 10-15mm.
3. the manufacture method of wear resistance castings described in a claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that
Comprise the steps:
(1) hard alloy bar is embedded in wire gauze, covers foam on the surface of wire gauze
Plate, obtains steeping moulding model；
(2) according to proportion ingredient and by the fusing of joined compound, nodulizer and inovulant are added
Carry out spheroidising and inoculation, obtain austempered ductile iron base iron；
(3) addition of described base iron is poured into a mould to described bubble moulding model, inlayed
The foundry goods of hard alloy bar, carries out heat treatment to described foundry goods, obtains wear resistance castings.
Manufacture method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that step (3)
In, described heat treatment specifically includes:
First described foundry goods being carried out austenitizing process, temperature is 850-950 DEG C, during insulation
Between be 60-120min, after quench 250-380 DEG C salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bath in be incubated 45-120min, enter
Row means of isothermal quenching, last air cooling is to room temperature.
Manufacture method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described step (1)
Specifically include:
Hard alloy bar is embedded in wire gauze；
Take two identical cystosepiments, corresponding hard alloy bar arrangement position in wire gauze,
Relevant position at cystosepiment drills identical with hard alloy bar diameter respectively, deep 5-6mm's
Inlaid hole；
Cystosepiment is individually positioned in two surfaces of wire gauze, and the edge of described cystosepiment is the most convex
Go out the edge of described wire gauze, and it is complete to will extend over the hard alloy bar outside described wire gauze
It is embedded in described inlaid hole；
At the surface coating paint of cystosepiment and dry, obtain steeping moulding model.
Manufacture method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that step (2)
In, the temperature of described fusing is 1520-1550 DEG C, and described spheroidization treatment temperature is
1470-1500℃。
Manufacture method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that step (2)
In, the quality of described nodulizer is the 0.02-0.04% of described mixture quality, described in breed
The quality of agent is the 0.01-0.02% of described mixture quality.
Manufacture method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that step (3)
In, the temperature of described cast is 1380-1400 DEG C.
9. according to the manufacture method described in any one of claim 3-8, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly, in (3), described described base iron addition pours into a mould to described bubble moulding model,
The step of foundry goods to tungsten carbide button's rod specifically includes:
Bottom sandbox, put into bed load vibration ramming, described bubble moulding model put in sandbox,
Evacuation after back-up sand；
Described base iron is cast on described bubble moulding model, treats described base iron and described bubble
Moulding model is all replaced, and sandbox temperature is cooled down, obtains the foundry goods of tungsten carbide button.
Manufacture method the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described in take out true
In empty step, by the vacuum degree control of sandbox 0.04～0.06Mpa.
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| CN115161539A (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2022-10-11 | 江苏天奇重工股份有限公司 | Isothermal quenching nodular cast iron planet carrier blank and preparation process thereof |
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| CN110295265B (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2020-10-09 | 天津昌昊实业有限公司 | Austempered ductile iron and preparation method and application thereof |
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