CN105797432A - Preparation method of super-hydrophilic oil-water separating film - Google Patents

Preparation method of super-hydrophilic oil-water separating film Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105797432A
CN105797432A CN201610180066.2A CN201610180066A CN105797432A CN 105797432 A CN105797432 A CN 105797432A CN 201610180066 A CN201610180066 A CN 201610180066A CN 105797432 A CN105797432 A CN 105797432A
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oil
preparation
water
deposition
electro
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吕树申
罗智勇
莫冬传
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Sun Yat Sen University
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Sun Yat Sen University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D17/00Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02Separation of non-miscible liquids

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a super-hydrophilic oil-water separating film.Through an electro-deposition method, with a conductive supporting net as the negative electrode and nickel foil as the positive electrode, Ni crystals are evenly loaded on the conductive supporting net.Polar NiO/Ni(OH)2 shells warp the outer layers of the Ni crystals.By increasing the current density of electro-deposition, the Ni crystals can be combined into Ni crystal branches and loaded on the supporting net.It is shown through experiment results that the material has good hydrophilicity and has a water contact angle smaller than 4 degrees in air and an oil contact angle of 160 degrees underwater.Under 8V external voltage, reaction is conducted for 2 hours, the material has a good separating effect on n-hexane, isooctane, petroleum ether, p-xylene and kerosene, and the after-separation content of oil in water is 3 ppm or below.The method is easy to operate, materials are low in price and easy to obtain, the effect is remarkable, and the method has quite important significance in the fields of treatment of oil-containing sewage, oil recovery and the like.

Description

A kind of preparation method of super hydrophilic oil-water separation film
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of a kind of super hydrophilic oil-water separation film and the application in oil-water separation thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, along with increasing of industrial wastewater and frequently occurring of ocean oil accident, oil-water separation is of great interest.Traditional separation membrane, such as micro-filtration membrane, ultrafilter membrane even reverse osmosis membrane, owing to the factor such as easily polluting and separation process power consumption is bigger, is limited in a lot.Develop a kind of new oil-water separation membrane material and solve the challenge faced by traditional material, oil-water separation field is significant.
Through constantly exploring, researcheres find, on cheap stainless (steel) wire or copper mesh, load has special infiltrating material, can realize oil-water separation well.Jiang etc. in 2004 first proposition polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) modify stainless (steel) wire realize oil-water separation.This material has good hydrophobic oleophilic oil performance, in the design limitation having broken traditional separation membrane.But, this material also has certain limitation: first, owing to having good lipophile, so easily by oil pollution so that it is circular regeneration receives certain restriction;Second, as a rule, the density ratio water of oil is little, and in oil water separation process, water layer can intercept oil reservoir and separate film, thus reducing the efficiency of separation process.So, in actual applications, this method using super-hydrophobic material to modify is commonly used to prepare oil absorption material (CN103626171A), and is poorly suitable for separation membrane.
Researcher is explored in the angle that fish skin is bionical, it has been found that with super hydrophilic material, supporting network is modified, and the effect of oil-water separation is very notable.Liu etc. first reported this class material in 2009.Gel is generally of good hydrophilic and stability, so supporting network being carried out hydrophilic modification (CN104492276A with gel, CN104474930A) it is also the big focus studied, but this material is easily sent out under water and risen, thus affecting separation efficiency and separating required energy consumption.Supporting network is modified by the inorganic material hydrophilic by intrinsic, has good stability.Reported such as Cu(CN104874295A in recent years), Cu (OH)2, membrane material that the hydrophilic inorganic material such as zeolite is modified, oil-water separation is all more satisfactory.Raw material cheap and easy to get and succinct preparation method are the directions of this kind of Materials.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that the preparation method of a kind of super hydrophilic oil-water separation film.The present invention passes through electro-deposition techniques, and by super hydrophilic Ni grained deposits on supporting network, thus obtaining uniform load, the super hydrophilic oil-water separation film of good stability, to realize the oil-water separation of excellence.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
The preparation method of a kind of super hydrophilic oil-water separation film, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) pre-treatment of material: by conductive metal mesh and nickel foil, successively with acetone, ethanol, deionized water ultrasonic cleaning, removes that surface is organic and mineral-type pollutant, and then leaching is placed in dilution heat of sulfuric acid, stand-by;
(2) preparation of electrolyte solution: weigh electrolyte, the electrolyte solution being configured to percetage by weight < 10% that adds water is stand-by.
(3) preparation of super hydrophilic oil-water separation film: when 1-99 DEG C of water bath with thermostatic control, making negative electrode with conductive metal mesh, nickel foil makes anode, the method utilizing electro-deposition, by Ni crystal grain uniform deposition on supporting network.
The oil-water separation performance test of material: choose normal hexane, isobutyltrimethylmethane., petroleum ether (saturated oils), five kinds of oil such as xylol (unsaturated oils) and gasoline (mineral oil) are model, it is made into oil respectively: the oil water mixture of water=1:6 is easily separated, gained water sample acidified (PH < 2), CCl with water4After extraction, carry out the mensuration of oil content by Oil-8 Infrared Oil Determination Instrument.
As preferably, in above-mentioned preparation method, conductive metal mesh described in step (1) is stainless (steel) wire, copper mesh etc., order number be 200 orders or more than.
As preferably, in above-mentioned preparation method, in step (1), the frequency of ultrasonic cleaning is 10-100KHZ, and the percentage by volume of dilute sulfuric acid is less than 20%, to remove material surface oxide.
As preferably, in above-mentioned preparation method, electrolyte used in step (2) is villiaumite (ammonium fluoride, sodium fluoride etc.) or villaumite (ammonium chloride, sodium chloride etc.), and pH value is more than 6.
As preferably, in above-mentioned preparation method, in step (3) in electrodeposition process, the distance of negative electrode and anode is 1-10cm.
As preferably, in above-mentioned preparation method, by controlling applied voltage in step (3), making electric current density is 0.001-0.1A/cm2
Compared with prior art, there is advantages that
The present invention method by electro-deposition, with conductive supporting net for negative electrode, nickel foil is anode, by online at conducting metal for Ni crystal grain uniform load.Ni crystal grain outer layer covers the NiO/Ni (OH) of polarity2Shell.By increasing the electric current density of electro-deposition, it is online at conducting metal that Ni crystal grain can combine formation Ni dendrite arm load.Test result indicate that: this material has good hydrophilic, water contact angle is less than 4 ° in atmosphere, and oil contact angle reaches 160 ° under water.Under 8V applied voltage, (electric current density is 0.013A/cm2), reacting 2h, normal hexane, isobutyltrimethylmethane., petroleum ether, xylol and kerosene are all had good separating effect by this material, and after separation, oil-in-water content is all at below 3ppm.The preparation method of super hydrophilic oil-water separation film provided by the invention, reagent and material are cheap and simple and easy to get, and operational approach is also very simple, and in operating process, variable is easily controlled, and the oil-water separation performance of product is excellent, and stability is better.The present invention by modifying supporting network to realize the thinking of oil-water separation with the super hydrophilic Ni crystal grain with core-shell structure, and the preparation of follow-up super hydrophilic oil-water separation membrane material is deeply enlightening.Meanwhile, this method can be used for the preparation of other hydrophilic interface, and the fields such as automatically cleaning, antifog, catalysis is significant.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is: (a) applied voltage is the SEM figure of the sample of 4V;B () applied voltage is the SEM figure of the sample of 6V;A SEM that () applied voltage is the sample of 8V schemes .(a '-c ') for corresponding partial enlarged drawing;
Fig. 2 is applied voltage is the XRD and XPS analysis figure of the sample of 4V;
Fig. 3 is: the water contact angle figure of (a) sample;The oil contact angle figure under water of (b) sample.Wherein water droplet and oil droplet are 5 μ l;
Fig. 4 is the oil-water separation figure of three kinds of samples.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1:
(1) pre-treatment of material: by 400 order copper mesh and nickel foils, successively with acetone, ethanol, deionized water in 60KHZ ultrasonic cleaning, removes that surface is organic and mineral-type pollutant, and then leaching is placed in percentage by volume 5% dilution heat of sulfuric acid respectively, stand-by;
(2) preparation of electrolyte solution: weigh 0.1gNH4F, the electrolyte solution being configured to percetage by weight 0.1% that adds water is stand-by.
(3) preparation of super hydrophilic oil-water separation film: when 25 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, makes negative electrode with 400 order copper mesh, and nickel foil makes anode, and the two poles of the earth distance is fixed as 1.5cm, and adjustment applied voltage is 4V, and now constant current density is 0.006A/cm2, react 2h, thus by Ni crystal grain uniform deposition on supporting network.
(4) the oil-water separation performance test of material: choose normal hexane, isobutyltrimethylmethane., petroleum ether (saturated oils), xylol (unsaturated oils) and five kinds of oil of kerosene (mineral oil) are model, it is made into oil respectively: the oil water mixture of water=1:6 is easily separated, gained water sample acidified (pH < 2), CCl with water4After extraction, carry out the mensuration (measuring three times) of oil content by Oil-8 Infrared Oil Determination Instrument.
Resulting materials, copper mesh surface uniform fold has Ni crystal grain (such as Fig. 1 a), Ni crystal grain generally Ni metal, and top layer is the NiO/Ni (OH) of polarity2(Fig. 2).This material has good hydrophilic (<4 °) and oleophobic property (>160 ° under water) (such as Fig. 3).Saturated oils and unsaturated oils had good separating effect, to kerosene separating effect slightly worse (in water, oil content is about 20ppm) (such as Fig. 4).
Embodiment 2:
(1) pre-treatment of material: by 400 order copper mesh and nickel foils, successively with acetone, ethanol, deionized water in 60KHZ ultrasonic cleaning, removes that surface is organic and mineral-type pollutant, and then leaching is placed in percentage by volume 5% dilution heat of sulfuric acid respectively, stand-by;
(2) configuration of electrolyte solution: weigh 0.1g ammonium chloride, the electrolyte solution being configured to percetage by weight 0.1% that adds water is stand-by.
(3) preparation of super hydrophilic oil-water separation film: when 25 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, makes negative electrode with 400 order copper mesh, and nickel foil makes anode, and the two poles of the earth distance is fixed as 1.5cm, and adjustment applied voltage is 6V, and now constant current density is 0.009A/cm2, react 2h, thus by Ni crystal grain uniform deposition on supporting network.
(4) the oil-water separation performance test of material: choose normal hexane, isobutyltrimethylmethane., petroleum ether (saturated oils), five kinds of oil such as xylol (unsaturated oils) and kerosene (mineral oil) are model, it is made into oil respectively: the oil water mixture of water=1:6 is easily separated, gained water sample acidified (pH < 2), CCl with water4After extraction, carry out the mensuration (measuring three times) of oil content by Oil-8 Infrared Oil Determination Instrument.
Resulting materials, copper mesh surface uniform fold has the Ni dendrite arm (such as Fig. 1 b) become by Ni die combinations.Five kinds of oil of this material are respectively provided with good separating effect (in water, oil content is below 5ppm) (such as Fig. 4).
Embodiment 3:
(1) pre-treatment of material: by 400 order copper mesh and nickel foils, successively with acetone, ethanol, deionized water in 60KHZ ultrasonic cleaning, removes that surface is organic and mineral-type pollutant, and then leaching is placed in percentage by volume 5% dilution heat of sulfuric acid respectively, stand-by;
(2) configuration of electrolyte solution: weigh 0.1g sodium chloride, the electrolyte solution being configured to percetage by weight 0.1% that adds water is stand-by.
(3) preparation of super hydrophilic oil-water separation film: when 25 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, makes negative electrode with 400 order copper mesh, and nickel foil makes anode, and the two poles of the earth distance is fixed as 1.5cm, and adjustment applied voltage is 8V, and now constant current density is 0.013A/cm2, react 2h, thus by Ni crystal grain uniform deposition on supporting network.
(4) the oil-water separation performance test of material: choose normal hexane, isobutyltrimethylmethane., petroleum ether (saturated oils), five kinds of oil such as xylol (unsaturated oils) and kerosene (mineral oil) are model, it is made into oil respectively: the oil water mixture of water=1:6 is easily separated, gained water sample acidified (pH < 2), CCl with water4After extraction, carry out the mensuration (measuring three times) of oil content by Oil-8 Infrared Oil Determination Instrument.
Resulting materials, copper mesh surface uniform fold has the Ni dendrite arm (such as Fig. 1 c) become by Ni die combinations.Five kinds of oil of this material are respectively provided with good separating effect (in water, oil content is below 3ppm) (such as Fig. 4).

Claims (6)

1. the preparation method of a super hydrophilic oil-water separation film, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) pre-treatment of material: by conductive metal mesh and nickel foil, successively with acetone, ethanol, deionized water ultrasonic cleaning, removes that surface is organic and mineral-type pollutant, and then leaching is placed in dilution heat of sulfuric acid, stand-by;
(2) preparation of electrolyte solution: weigh electrolyte, the electrolyte solution being configured to percetage by weight < 10% that adds water is stand-by;
(3) preparation of super hydrophilic oil-water separation film: when 1-99 DEG C of water bath with thermostatic control, making negative electrode with conductive metal mesh, nickel foil makes anode, the method utilizing electro-deposition, by Ni crystal grain uniform deposition on supporting network.
2. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that conductive metal mesh described in step (1) is stainless (steel) wire or copper mesh, order number be 200 orders or more than.
3. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the electrolyte adopted in step (2) is villiaumite or villaumite.
4. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3), electro-deposition adopts two-electrode system, and two electrode spacings are 1-10cm.
5. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that adopting DC source in step (3), electric current density controls at 0.001-0.1A/cm2
6. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3), the pH value of electrolyte is more than 6.
CN201610180066.2A 2016-03-25 2016-03-25 Preparation method of super-hydrophilic oil-water separating film Pending CN105797432A (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106271419A (en) * 2016-08-26 2017-01-04 长春理工大学 The most superoleophobic titanium alloy and the preparation method of aluminum alloy surface
CN106731014A (en) * 2017-01-06 2017-05-31 长春理工大学 Corrosion-resistant stainless steel oil-water separating net and its manufacture method and application
CN106823469A (en) * 2017-01-10 2017-06-13 华南理工大学 Super-hydrophobic super-oleophylic copper mesh without low-surface energy substance modification and preparation method thereof
CN108046342A (en) * 2017-09-14 2018-05-18 白银有色集团股份有限公司 Nanometer β-Ni (OH) are prepared using liquid membrane discharge plasma2Method
CN108179429A (en) * 2016-12-08 2018-06-19 中国科学院大学 A kind of preparation method of super hydrophilic copper mesh
CN110075570A (en) * 2019-05-05 2019-08-02 四川农业大学 One-step method prepares super hydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic oil-water separation mesh film and method
CN114130067A (en) * 2021-12-16 2022-03-04 刘志忠 Nickel-based oil-water separation membrane and preparation method thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103088227A (en) * 2013-01-11 2013-05-08 东南大学 Oil-water separation copper foam and preparation method thereof
CN103849905A (en) * 2014-03-26 2014-06-11 哈尔滨工业大学 Preparation method of oil/water separation material
CN104841287A (en) * 2015-05-04 2015-08-19 哈尔滨工业大学 Preparing method for multifunctional graded oil-water separation composite film material
CN104941458A (en) * 2015-05-04 2015-09-30 哈尔滨工业大学 Preparation method of multi-purpose in-level oil-water separation material

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103088227A (en) * 2013-01-11 2013-05-08 东南大学 Oil-water separation copper foam and preparation method thereof
CN103849905A (en) * 2014-03-26 2014-06-11 哈尔滨工业大学 Preparation method of oil/water separation material
CN104841287A (en) * 2015-05-04 2015-08-19 哈尔滨工业大学 Preparing method for multifunctional graded oil-water separation composite film material
CN104941458A (en) * 2015-05-04 2015-09-30 哈尔滨工业大学 Preparation method of multi-purpose in-level oil-water separation material

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106271419A (en) * 2016-08-26 2017-01-04 长春理工大学 The most superoleophobic titanium alloy and the preparation method of aluminum alloy surface
CN108179429A (en) * 2016-12-08 2018-06-19 中国科学院大学 A kind of preparation method of super hydrophilic copper mesh
CN108179429B (en) * 2016-12-08 2020-01-14 中国科学院大学 Preparation method of super-hydrophilic copper mesh
CN106731014A (en) * 2017-01-06 2017-05-31 长春理工大学 Corrosion-resistant stainless steel oil-water separating net and its manufacture method and application
CN106823469A (en) * 2017-01-10 2017-06-13 华南理工大学 Super-hydrophobic super-oleophylic copper mesh without low-surface energy substance modification and preparation method thereof
CN108046342A (en) * 2017-09-14 2018-05-18 白银有色集团股份有限公司 Nanometer β-Ni (OH) are prepared using liquid membrane discharge plasma2Method
CN108046342B (en) * 2017-09-14 2019-10-18 白银有色集团股份有限公司 Nanometer β-Ni (OH) is prepared using liquid diaphragm discharge plasma2Method
CN110075570A (en) * 2019-05-05 2019-08-02 四川农业大学 One-step method prepares super hydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic oil-water separation mesh film and method
CN114130067A (en) * 2021-12-16 2022-03-04 刘志忠 Nickel-based oil-water separation membrane and preparation method thereof

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