CN105790843A - Optical fiber communication method applicable to Profibus - Google Patents
Optical fiber communication method applicable to Profibus Download PDFInfo
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- CN105790843A CN105790843A CN201410821989.2A CN201410821989A CN105790843A CN 105790843 A CN105790843 A CN 105790843A CN 201410821989 A CN201410821989 A CN 201410821989A CN 105790843 A CN105790843 A CN 105790843A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, especially an optical fiber communication method applicable to a Profibus. In a process of sending the data frames of the Profibus through an optical path, the method comprises following steps of receiving electric signal data frames at the LP port of a network node; locally detecting the destination addresses and source addresses of the data frames; updating an LP port address table according to the source addresses; selecting a sending strategy according to the destination addresses and the address tables of two optical ports; if the destination addresses are in the address table of a certain optical port, sending the data frames from the optical port; and if the destination addresses are not in the address table of any one optical port, sending the data frames from the two optical ports at the same time. According to the method, the existing Profibus communicating with electric signals can be directly extended to optical fiber media communication.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication technical field, specifically a kind of optical fibre communication method suitable in Profibus.
Background technology
At the scene in bus communication medium, conventional transmission medium has twisted-pair feeder, power system, coaxial cable etc..Traditional electronic communication media wiring is more complicated, and capacity of resisting disturbance is relatively poor, and the support for topological structure is more single.Relative to traditional signal of telecommunication transmission, fiber optic communication has the advantages such as transfer rate is high, channel capacity is big, long transmission distance, loss is low, capacity of resisting disturbance is strong.In recent years, the optical communication technique application in the high-speed field bus communications field has become a study hotspot.And obtain application in a lot of occasions.Development trend along with fieldbus networks, it is necessary to communication system can support to include the multiple network topological structure of bus-type, galaxy, annular, mixed type.
Summary of the invention
For above shortcomings part in prior art, the present invention proposes the method for designing of a kind of optical fiber telecommunications system suitable in Profibus, uses a piece of FPGA, achieves the function of the physical layer of communication, data link layer and Internet inside FPGA.Function in the physical layer of OSI/RM (open system interconnection reference model), data link layer and Internet.And focus on data link layer and Internet achieves frame forwarding capability.
The present invention is the technical scheme is that a kind of optical fibre communication method suitable in Profibus for achieving the above object, in the process that Profibus Frame is transmitted by light path, comprises the following steps:
LP port at network node receives electrical signal data frame；
Destination address and the source address of this Frame is detected in this locality；
Update LP port address table according to source address, select sending strategy according to the address table of destination address and two light mouths: if destination address is present in a certain smooth port address table, then send this Frame from this light mouth；If destination address is not present in arbitrary smooth port address table, then send this Frame from two light mouths simultaneously；
In the process that optical signal data frame carries out forwarding or be converted to Profibus Frame, comprise the following steps:
OP light mouth at network node receives optical signal data frame；
Destination address and the source address of this Frame is detected in this locality；
OP light port address table is updated according to source address, sending strategy is selected: if destination address is present in address table or the LP port address table of another one light mouth, then send this Frame from this light mouth or LP port according to destination address, the address table of another one light mouth and LP port address table；If destination address is not present in arbitrary address table, then send this Frame from this light mouth and LP port simultaneously.
Described optical signal data frame includes: synchronizing cycle, frame start byte, data or control bit, destination address, source address, frame length, data field, frame end byte.
Described according to source address renewal LP port/OP light port address table, including procedure below:
During initialization, each address table is all empty；
After the data received by optical fiber are unpacked, detect its source address, if the Frame received from the first light mouth, and source address does not occur in local address tables and the second accessibility address table of light mouth, then source address is added in the first accessibility address table of light mouth, represents that the first light mouth can arrive this source address；If source address occurs in the second accessibility address table of light mouth, then illustrate to have this source address of arrival and shorter path, do not need again to add, this frame is abandoned；If the Frame received from the second light mouth, and source address not appearance in local address tables and the first accessibility address table of light mouth, source address is added into the second accessibility address table of light mouth.
Also include: if the source address of the Frame received by optical fiber is the machine address, illustrates link occurs ring, forward on the line for avoiding data not stop, directly this frame is abandoned.
If the first light mouth is in an idle state, it is impossible to be normally received the synchrodata K28.5 that adjacent node sends, then issuing Link State frame by the second light mouth, namely data or control bit are the control frame of 1；The data field of frame is the content of the first accessibility address table of light mouth；When second light mouth breaks down, send this control frame by the first light mouth.
Addresses occurred in this control frame all in this light mouth correspondence table are deleted by the light mouth receiving control frame, represent that this light mouth cannot arrive the address in Frame；Continue to send by another light mouth by this control frame simultaneously；If all addresses in control frame all do not occur in table, then stop forwarding this control frame.
The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
1. can Profibus bus extension by existing use electrical signal communication be directly fiber medium communication.
2. support various topological structures, and there is certain adaptation function.The support that dual-ring network is topological is provided the reliability of communication system.
3. pair content frame resolves, and has higher motility when carrying out multiport forwarding, it is possible to effectively reduce network traffics.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the data transmission triangle of the single communication module of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the frame format definition of frame pass-through mode；
Fig. 3 is the redundant looped network topological diagram that the present invention tests use；
Fig. 4 is that the present invention tests the redundant looped network of use topological diagram upon a fault；
Fig. 5 is that the present invention tests the redundant looped network of use at the topological diagram after fault self-recovery；
Fig. 6 is the structure chart of communication module of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
The present invention uses frame pass-through mode to achieve the operation in physical layer, data link layer and Internet.For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
The ultimate unit forming various heterogeneous networks topology is network node, and in the design, the function of each node can be reduced to data transmission triangle as shown in Figure 1.LP represents local communications port, is available to the interface of other processing units of this locality.OP represents that light mouth, each node have two light mouths, and data can be sent by light mouth and transmit on optical fiber, send to connected node.If making to use up the mode of relaying, data transmission only exists between OP1 and OP2.If as sender in the communications or receiver, then same LP port is needed to communicate.
The ultimate unit that each data send, receive and process is all frame.The frame format of frame pass-through mode defines as shown in Figure 2.
8b/10b coding is a kind of by being that 10bit data are transmitted on universal serial bus by 8bit data encoding, make 1 in data stream and 0 quantity equal, to obtain the DC balance of circuit.In the high-speed serial communication circuit of non-dc balance, in time there is multiple continuous print logical zero or logic 1 level, if signal changes subsequently, will cause that transmission signal makes a mistake because of the reason on rank, voltage position, the maximum effect of DC balance is exactly avoid occurring longer 0 or 1 in serial data stream, thus solving this problem.
In order to obtain higher stability, the design of frame pass-through mode have employed 8b/10b coded system.SYN uses the 10B encoded K 28.5 (b'0011111010 or b'1100000101) in 8b/10b coding to synchronize.Only after receiving 3 continuous print SYN, just think that circuit enters reliable reception pattern.It is respectively adopted the 10B encoded K 27.7 in 8b/10b coding and K29.7 to represent SOF and EOF.This is in order to can the beginning of Identification Data frame easily and end position at receiving terminal.D/C represents that the type of frame is Frame or control frame, and control frame Main Function is when being unable to properly receive the signal that adjacent node sends, and sends the Link State of self toward adjacent node.DA and SA represents destination address and the source address of frame respectively.Use time conducting frame forwards.LE represents the length of data area.DATA is the region depositing data.
The node module of native system adopts FPGA to realize.The structure of frame pass-through mode is as shown in Figure 6.In figure, RxFIFO and the TxFIFO near top is the operation interface that this communication system provides for upper layer application.The data of write TxFIFO will send the communication node to other fieldbus by optical fiber.The data received from optical fiber interface are eventually written into RxFIFO, wait that native processor reads.FIFO in system adopts asynchronous FIFO, and different maximum from common FIFO of asynchronous FIFO are in that the read-write clock of asynchronous FIFO is different, are namely respectively adopted independent clock and read or write.Asynchronous FIFO is used among the intermodule communication of multi-clock more, it is achieved data transmission between different clock-domains.Adopting after asynchronous FIFO in the interface of optic communication, it is possible to data that are to be sent or that receive are carried out buffer memory, the clock simultaneously making core control portions is independent with the clock of optical interface part.
Internal control logic all processes with frame for data unit, so all FIFO write or reading are also in units of frame.The Conveyer part at local communication interface place is responsible for being made into data set to be sent the mode of frame, and is transmitted the selection in path according to the address table of two light mouths, by the Arbitrator part of incoming for data the first light mouth or the second light mouth.The Conveyer part of light mouth is responsible for receiving data from light path and is unpacked parsing, is transmitted the selection in path according to the address table of local communication mouth and another light port address table.It will be seen that each interface has two Data Sources in figure.The Main Function of Arbitrator part is to carry out ruling when the two paths of data source of Arbitrator is simultaneously effective time, makes at synchronization, only processes a circuit-switched data input.
The data frame analyzing that first Conveyer of LP end will receive, forwards according to its DA and intrasystem 3 address tables, if needing to be forwarded to light mouth, then needs in the Frame according to frame encapsulation to light path definition of several Profibus.The Conveyer of light mouth receives data, if needing to send to another light mouth, is then directly forwarded by the frame that light path defines.If needing to be forwarded to local port, then the extraction from light path Frame of Profibus Frame is come, be forwarded to LP port.
Employing frame forwarding strategy, concrete step is as follows:
1. framing: data set to be sent is made into the mode of frame, destination address is that field inserts destination address DA, and local address is as SA (think and set or provided by sender).D/C section is set to 0 expression data.Each node can have 3 tables of data minute book way address (table 0), the accessibility address of light mouth 1 (table 1), the accessibility address of light mouth 2 (table 2) respectively.During initialization, each table is all empty.In the process to, SA is added table 0, represent that the machine can arrive SA by local data port.Finally send data to the neighbours being connected by optical fiber with oneself.
2. address table is safeguarded: the data received by optical fiber is unpacked, detects its SA, if the Frame received from light mouth 1, and SA not appearance in table 0 and table 2, then SA is added into table 1, represents that light mouth 1 can arrive SA address.If SA occurs in table 2, then illustrating to have this SA address of arrival and shorter path, do not need again to add, and abandoned by this frame, because under normal circumstances, identical frame should be received by light mouth 2.If the Frame received from light mouth 2, and SA not appearance in table 0 and table 1, SA is added into table 2.
3. looped network strategy: if the Frame SA received by optical fiber is the machine address, illustrates to occur in link ring, forward on the line for avoiding data not stop, directly this frame is abandoned.
4. forwarding: the data received by optical fiber are unpacked, and detect its DA, if whether the Frame received from light mouth 1, check table 0 and table 2 have DA, if there being this DA address in table 0, then send data to local data port, not continuing to next node transmission.If there being DA address in table 2, then sending data to light mouth 2, and do not send data to local data port, now, node only plays the effect that data forward.If all without this address in table 0 and table 2, then send this Frame to local data port and light mouth simultaneously.If packet receives from light mouth 2, then check table 0 and table 1, operating procedure is identical with above-mentioned steps.
5. Link State is issued: if light mouth 1 is in an idle state, cannot be normally received the synchrodata K28.5 that adjacent node sends time long, then issue Link State frame by another light mouth light mouth 2, and namely D/C section is the control frame of 1.The data area of frame is the content of the accessibility address table table 1 of light mouth 1.When light mouth 2 breaks down, send this control frame by light mouth 1.
6. address table updates: addresses occurred in this control frame all in this light mouth correspondence table are deleted by the light mouth receiving control frame.Represent that this light mouth cannot arrive the address in Frame.Continue to send by another light mouth by this control frame simultaneously.If all addresses in control frame all do not occur in table, then stop forwarding this control frame.
As in Figure 3-5, system supports redundant looped network topology and can rapidly self-healing when line fault:
When link is looped network, according to strategy, receiving the data self sent will directly abandon.When topology is shown in Fig. 3, it is considered to following system sets up the process of address table:
Moment 1: it be 2, SA is the Frame of 0 that module 0 sends DA.Address 0 is added LP address table.
Moment 2: module 1 receives the Frame that module 0 sends.Address 0 is added OP1 address table.
Moment 3: assuming the delay due to circuit, module 3 receives identical Frame by OP2.Data are received after module 1 receives Frame.Address 0 is added OP2 address table.
Moment 4: Frame is forwarded to module 2 and local data port by module 1.Address 0 is added OP1 address table by module 2.
Moment 5: Frame is forwarded to module 2 and local data port by module 3.Module 2 finds to have had in OP1 address table address 0, so being abandoned by this frame.
Moment 6: Frame is forwarded to module 3 and local data port by module 2.Module 3 finds to have had in OP2 address table address 0, so being abandoned by this frame.
So far, the foundation of once transmission and the address table of this Frame completes.And it is short to, for module 1,2,3 has, the shortest path information reaching module 0 most.Module 1 passes through OP1.Module 2 is by OP1, and module 3 passes through OP2.Meanwhile, in the transmission process of this Frame, this frame has and only once arrives the LP of modules.
When module 2 needs to return data to module 0, namely DA is 0, SA is the Frame of 2.Frame will along module 2, and module 1, the path of module 0 is transmitted.Simultaneously at LP, the OP2 of module 1 of module 2, the address table of the OP2 of module 0 adds address 2.So when module 0 again sends DA be the Frame that 2, SA are 0 time, owing to the address table of OP2 comprising address 2, had the path leading to address 2, so this frame will not carry out broadcast transmission again as the first time.Can effectively reduce the flow of link.
Example below describes the link information dissemination method of redundant link, as shown in Figure 4.
Assume module 1, the connection generation problem between module 2, now start link-recovery.
In the moment 1: detect that link disconnects, module 1 sends Link State control frame by normal light mouth OP1.The content of frame is the address table of link failure light mouth OP2, and content is 2.OP2 table is emptied simultaneously.Module 2 sends Link State control frame by normal light mouth OP2.The content of frame is the address table of link failure light mouth OP1, and content is 0.OP1 table is emptied simultaneously.
Moment 2: module 0 receives the control frame that module 1 sends.All addresses occurred in control frame in OP2 are deleted.In this example, delete address 2.This frame is forwarded to module 0 by OP1 simultaneously.
Moment 3: assuming that the communication delay between module 2 and module 3 is more than the communication delay between module 1 to module 0, now module 3 receives the control frame comprising address 0 that module 2 sends.Through comparison, it has been found that OP1 does not occur 0 address, stop forwarding and this frame is abandoned.
Moment 4: module 0 receives the control frame comprising address 2 that module 1 sends.In OP2 address table 2 are deleted.This frame is forwarded to module 3 by OP1 simultaneously.
Moment 5: module 0 receives the control frame comprising address 2 that module 1 sends.Find that address 2 does not occur in OP2, stop forwarding and this frame is abandoned.
Example below describes the link restoring method of redundant link, as shown in Figure 5.
Moment 1: it be 2, SA is the Frame of 0 that module 0 sends DA.Owing to table 1, table 2 all not having address 2, Frame is sent by OP1, OP2.
Moment 2: module 1 receives the Frame that module 0 sends.Due to OP2 line fault, Frame is only sent by LP.
Moment 3: due to line delay, it is assumed that now module 3 receives the Frame that module 0 sends.Frame is sent by LP and OP1.
Moment 4: module 2 receives the Frame that module 3 sends.Address 0 is added OP2 address table.Due to OP1 line fault, the address table of LP has address 2 simultaneously, then Frame is only sent by LP.
Moment 5: the LP port of module 2 carries out data response, and transmission DA is 0, SA is the Frame of 2.This Frame by by module 2, module 3, be back to the LP port of module 0, set up appropriate address table simultaneously.State after link-recovery is as shown in the figure.
Claims (6)
1. the optical fibre communication method being applicable to Profibus, it is characterised in that in the process that Profibus Frame is transmitted by light path, comprise the following steps:
LP port at network node receives electrical signal data frame；
Destination address and the source address of this Frame is detected in this locality；
Update LP port address table according to source address, select sending strategy according to the address table of destination address and two light mouths: if destination address is present in a certain smooth port address table, then send this Frame from this light mouth；If destination address is not present in arbitrary smooth port address table, then send this Frame from two light mouths simultaneously；
In the process that optical signal data frame carries out forwarding or be converted to Profibus Frame, comprise the following steps:
OP light mouth at network node receives optical signal data frame；
Destination address and the source address of this Frame is detected in this locality；
OP light port address table is updated according to source address, sending strategy is selected: if destination address is present in address table or the LP port address table of another one light mouth, then send this Frame from this light mouth or LP port according to destination address, the address table of another one light mouth and LP port address table；If destination address is not present in arbitrary address table, then send this Frame from this light mouth and LP port simultaneously.
2. a kind of optical fibre communication method suitable in Profibus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described optical signal data frame includes: synchronizing cycle, frame start byte, data or control bit, destination address, source address, frame length, data field, frame end byte.
3. a kind of optical fibre communication method suitable in Profibus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described according to source address renewal LP port/OP light port address table, including procedure below:
During initialization, each address table is all empty；
After the data received by optical fiber are unpacked, detect its source address, if the Frame received from the first light mouth, and source address does not occur in local address tables and the second accessibility address table of light mouth, then source address is added in the first accessibility address table of light mouth, represents that the first light mouth can arrive this source address；If source address occurs in the second accessibility address table of light mouth, then illustrate to have this source address of arrival and shorter path, do not need again to add, this frame is abandoned；If the Frame received from the second light mouth, and source address not appearance in local address tables and the first accessibility address table of light mouth, source address is added into the second accessibility address table of light mouth.
4. a kind of optical fibre communication method suitable in Profibus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also include: if the source address of the Frame received by optical fiber is the machine address, illustrate link occurs ring, forward on the line for avoiding data not stop, directly this frame is abandoned.
5. a kind of optical fibre communication method suitable in Profibus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, if the first light mouth is in an idle state, the synchrodata K28.5 that adjacent node sends cannot be normally received, then issuing Link State frame by the second light mouth, namely data or control bit are the control frame of 1；The data field of frame is the content of the first accessibility address table of light mouth；When second light mouth breaks down, send this control frame by the first light mouth.
6. a kind of optical fibre communication method suitable in Profibus according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, addresses occurred in this control frame all in this light mouth correspondence table are deleted by the light mouth receiving control frame, represent that this light mouth cannot arrive the address in Frame；Continue to send by another light mouth by this control frame simultaneously；If all addresses in control frame all do not occur in table, then stop forwarding this control frame.
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| DE102020110753A1 (en) | 2020-04-21 | 2021-10-21 | Turck Holding Gmbh | Bus coupler for a network and method for operating a bus coupler |
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Address after: Nanping Road in Dongling District of Shenyang city of Liaoning Province, No. 110168 16-2 Patentee after: Shenyang Zhongke CNC Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: Nanping Road in Dongling District of Shenyang city of Liaoning Province, No. 110168 16-2 Patentee before: SHENYANG GOLDING NC & INTELLIGENCE TECH. Co.,Ltd. |