CN105788354A - VANET-based indoor parking space discovering and booking method - Google Patents
VANET-based indoor parking space discovering and booking method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a VANET-based indoor parking space discovering and booking method. An indoor parking network (IPN) is established through a vehicle-mounted wireless device, wherein all parked vehicles in a block-shaped parking area in an indoor parking lot are defined as a cluster, and clusters having free parking spaces communicate a target vehicle for park space booking. After successful booking, path navigation for searching the parking space is provided to the target vehicle. Competition for a parking space between vehicles can be prevented, and time for searching a parking space is shortened.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to indoor parking position discovery technique field, particularly relate to a kind of indoor parking position based on VANET and find and reserving method.
Background technology
Along with the development of economy Yu auto industry, China's big city vehicles number expands rapidly, and by 2013, whole nation automobile pollution was 1.37 hundred million, and increment is 5.7 times of automobile quantity in 2003.Parking problem is an important step in Traffic Systems, and it not only can make urban transport problems continuous worsening, also can become the bottleneck of restriction urban development.Now domestic city stop exist parking position lack, parking information degree not, parking facility utilization rate is low, the problem such as disorder of stopping.The position on parking lot and parking stall do not known by a lot of motor vehicles in city, thus adding the volume of traffic touring on road, has thereby resulted in the serious harms such as noise, exhaust emission, the loss of time.In urban development, reality road traffic load and parking demand increase rapidly, and the urban transport problems such as " traffic congestion " and " parking difficulty " becomes international common fault already.Avoiding traffic congestion and can find suitable parking stall in time, improving parking stall utilization rate, balanced parking stall resource is necessary for alleviating urban traffic pressure.
VANET (VehicularAdHocNetworks) realizes the network that car communicates with roadside equipment (being called for short Car2X) with car, car.VANET is developed by mobile ad-hoc network (MANET), in order to describe the complexity and special network that in actual traffic environment, in certain region, vehicle or terrestrial access points are constituted.Ad hoc network is creatively applied to inter-vehicular communication by VANET, enables driver to obtain condition information (such as speed, direction, position, braking vane pressure etc.) and the real-time road condition information of other vehicles in the scope of over the horizon.Vehicular ad hoc network mainly comprises the connotation of two-layer: ground floor is in-vehicle network interconnection, and namely each equipment room of vehicle interior constitutes Wireless Personal Network, as smart mobile phone, notebook computer and bluetooth earphone etc. can intercom and transmitting data information mutually；The second layer is that vehicle carries out data and voice communication with outside network such as Cellular Networks etc., constitutes car outer network.Therefore, in-vehicle device interconnected communication can be realized and carry out information fusion on the one hand, external network can be accessed on the other hand, enjoy remote communication service.According to above-mentioned analysis it can be seen that VANET can realize communication and Internet information service application between accident alarm, auxiliary driving, Traffic Information inquiry, passenger.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of indoor parking position based on VANET and finds and reserving method, it is possible to the competition on the parking stall being prevented effectively between vehicle, decreases the time that parking stall is found.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: provides a kind of indoor parking position based on VANET to find and reserving method, comprises the following steps:
(1) setting up a parking garage network by on-vehicle radio device, wherein, in parking garage, in each block parking area, all vehicles stopped divide a road group into；
(2) road group and the target vehicle with parking stall communicate and carry out parking stall reservation；
(3) preengage after successfully, target vehicle is carried out the path navigation of parking stall searching.
Described Lu Qunzhong includes road group's head, road group's spare head and multiple roads group members, and wherein, described Lu Quntou is the vehicle being positioned at centre position, group region, road, stores vehicle ID number code and the parking position information of road group members；Described road group's spare head is same vehicle nearest for Lu Qunzhong distance Lu Quntou, the status information of storage road group members.
The group members timing of described road send the packet with self ID number and parking position information to described road group's hair；If described Lu Quntou does not receive the packet of a certain parking stall within several cycles, then judge that this parking stall is as empty parking space.
The real-time parking space information of each Lu Quntong through group head timing place of road pocket transmission towards periphery road group, described parking space information includes road group number, group orientation, road and parking stall surplus, when the Lu Quntou of surrounding receives parking space information, the road group at the Lu Quntou place of the information of transmission is considered as its neighbor node, and stores the dead ship condition information of its neighbor node Lu Qunzhong.
Described step (2) includes following sub-step:
(21) parking stall is that the more Lu Quntong through group head of dummy status sends the information that parking stall can be preengage the reply simultaneously waiting target vehicle to the target vehicle in communication context；
(22) notified target vehicle chooses whether interested in parking stall, if loseing interest in, ignore, if interested, the road group's hair sending subscription information is gone out application information, described application information includes the unique ID number code of vehicle and arrives probable value, and waits the successful return information of reservation of Lu Quntou；
(23) after Lu Quntou receives parking stall application information, arrival probable value according to each application vehicle screens, reject less than the vehicle of screening threshold value arriving probable value, and send reserved successful information more than the vehicle of screening threshold value to arriving probable value and wait that target vehicle replys confirmation；
(24) target vehicle receives reservation success notification, if wanting to abandon this parking stall, then selects to stop parking stall application, returns step (23)；If it is determined that preengage this parking stall, then reply confirmation；
(25) if road group is first fix time in do not receive the confirmation of vehicle, then the parking stall skipping this vehicle is applied for and returns step (23)；If receiving the confirmation of target vehicle, then this parking stall is arranged by the Unique ID of vehicle, and return step (21).
Arrival probable value is also then carried out arriving probable value descending sort more than the vehicle of screening threshold value by described step (23), and preferential parking stall that candidate's vehicle that arrival probable value is the highest is sent is reserved successful information and waits that confirmation replied by this vehicle.
The computing formula of described arrival probable value is:Wherein, ReachP is for arriving probable value；TTR is parking stall subscription time normalized value；TTL is the time normalization value estimated and arrive parking stall.
Target vehicle is carried out the path navigation of parking stall searching by described step (3) based on the unique ID of runway before group region, road.
Also include timing after target vehicle arrives appointment parking stall after described step (3) and give the step of its information of vehicles and parking position information to road group's hair in group region, place road.
If the parking spot of target vehicle compared to described road group's spare head closer to described Lu Quntou; using target vehicle as new road group's spare head；If the parking spot of target vehicle compared to described Lu Quntou closer in the middle of group region, road, then using target vehicle as new Lu Quntou.
Beneficial effect
Owing to have employed above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages that and good effect: the present invention divides stopping in parking lot into the road group transporter as parking space information, decreases facility investment extra in parking lot.A kind of parking stall reservation protocol is proposed simultaneously, the competition on the parking stall that can be prevented effectively between vehicle, decrease the time that parking stall is found, and propose the air navigation aid of a kind of indoor parking position based on road group, it is to avoid cause blocking in parking lot because the blindness of parking stall is looked for by vehicle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the three layers frame model figure of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is Road, parking garage group's pie graph；
Fig. 3 is neighbor node discovery procedure figure.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.Should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention rather than restriction the scope of the present invention.In addition, it is to be understood that after having read the content that the present invention lectures, the present invention can be made various changes or modifications by those skilled in the art, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application appended claims limited range equally.
Embodiments of the present invention relate to a kind of indoor parking position based on VANET and find and reserving method, in the method, a parking garage network (ParkingNetwork will be set up, it is called for short PN), in parking garage, in each block parking area, all vehicles stopped divide a road group (RoadCluster is called for short RC) into.
In this method, the vehicle of all entrance parking garages is respectively arranged with onboard wireless equipment (VehicleAssistantOn-Board is called for short VAOB), and described VAOB has a unique vehicle ID number code.
As it is shown in figure 1, set up a three layers frame model in parking garage, comprise physical layer, logical layer, application layer.Physical layer is VANET, and having stopped and looked for can phase interchangeable information between the vehicle of parking stall.Logical layer is the parking garage network set up, and the vehicle of each parking area is divided into the RC unit stored as parking space information, comprises a road group head Hi, a road group spare head SHiWith multiple road group members Mi.In application layer, Lu Quntou HiEmpty parking space information, notified vehicle V can be sent to the vehicle in communication contextiCan to road group head HiCarry out parking stall application.
As in figure 2 it is shown, in described RC, comprise a road group head Hi, a road group spare head SHiWith multiple road group members Mi.After Lu Quntou determines, this bulk parking area is stopped and is become its road group members.
Described Lu Quntou HiIn store the vehicle ID number code of this Zhong Ge road, RC region group members, parking position information and other useful information, to facilitate, vehicle occupant is carried out unified management.In order to facilitate the path planning of parking garage, optimum Lu Quntou being arranged on centre position, RC region, the id number of so each Lu Quntou just becomes the unique ID in RC region progresses track.Lu Quntou HiTiming sends empty parking space information to the vehicle in communication context, and notified vehicle can to road group head HiCarry out parking stall application.
Described road group members MiRegularly to road group head HiSend packet, mainly comprise the unique id number of member's vehicle, parking position information and other useful informations to remind Lu Quntou HiThe existence of vehicle.
Described standby Lu Quntou SHiIt is distance Lu Quntou H in same RC regioniNearest vehicle, standby Lu Quntou SHiIn store Lu Quntou H of middle momentiThe status information of Road group members, it is prevented that Lu Quntou HiBreak away parking lot.
RC adjacent in described PN contacts as it is shown on figure 3, can lead to through group head.First, carrying out a neighbor node discovery procedure, each RC can lead to through group head RC periodically towards periphery and send the real-time parking space information of place RC, and the necessary information such as including RC numbering, RC orientation and parking spot surplus, as the Lu Quntou H of the RC of surroundingjWhen receiving this information, will by Lu Quntou HjPlace RC is considered as its neighbor node.Each RC has reformed into the child node in PN, and the contact between child node just constitutes the topological structure of PN.Each child node timing can exchange the empty parking space information in respective RC to neighbours' child node, and the more RC of empty parking space preferentially sends parking stall subscription information to the vehicle in communication context.
When preengaging in parking stall, first, when RC Zhong You road group members leaves parking stall, road group members send the information left to road group's hair, to remind Lu Quntou specific parking stall vacancy.Then, Lu Quntou sends the information of empty parking space to neighbor node, the more Lu Quntou in group's hollow parking stall, road preferentially to the parking stall that the vehicle in communication context sends can information, and wait the application of vehicle.In notified vehicle, they can choose whether this parking stall interested.Vehicle interested will send the id number of vehicle, be likely to arrival value and other necessary informations facilitate the arrangement of parking stall at application Hou Xiang road, parking stall group's hair.Vehicle, after the information of vehicles receiving reservation parking stall, is carried out parking stall arrangement according to being likely to arrival value by Lu Quntou, and the vehicle chosen is sent the information that parking stall is reserved.Finally, vehicle Zai Xiang road group's hair send the confirmation confirming to preengage this parking stall.This confirmation avoids the loss of parking space information, arranges if first-selected vehicle does not accept parking stall, and Lu Quntou will send parking stall subscription information to alternative vehicle.After vehicle arrives reservation parking stall, it send the id number of vehicle, parking spot and other useful information by adding this RC timing to road group's hair.
Idiographic flow is as follows:
Step 101: divide all parking in each block parking area into a RC, be wherein elected to be Lu Quntou H near the vehicle of parking stall, centrei(i=1,2,3 ...), near Lu Quntou HiVehicle be elected to be road group spare head SHi, all the other vehicles become road group members Mi。
Step 102: road group members MiRegularly to road group head HiSend packet, mainly comprise the unique id number of member's vehicle, parking position information and other useful informations to remind Lu Quntou HiThe existence of vehicle, road group spare head SHiReplicate Lu Quntou HiThe status information of Road group members.If Lu Quntou is HiDo not receive the packet of specific parking stall in several cycles, then judge that this parking stall is as sky.
Step 103: carry out neighbor node discovery procedure.The logical through group head timing RC towards periphery of each RC sends the real-time parking space information of place RC, comprises RC numbering, and the necessary information such as RC orientation and parking spot surplus, as the Lu Quntou H of surroundingjWhen receiving this information, will by Lu Quntou HiPlace RC is considered as its neighbor node, Lu Quntou HjIn store the middle dead ship condition information of its neighbor node RC.
Step 201: the logical through group head H of RC that parking gap is moreiSend, to the vehicle in communication context, the information can preengage parking stall and wait that vehicle is replied simultaneously.
Step 202: notified vehicle ViCan choose whether interested in parking stall.Lose interest in optional ignoring, such as the group head H that satisfies the need interestediSend application information, comprise the unique ID number code of vehicle, ReachP value and other necessary informations, and wait HiThe successful return information of reservation.
Step 203: Lu Quntou HiAfter receiving parking stall application, screen according to the ReachP value of each application vehicle, the ReachP value vehicle less than ReachThreshold is rejected, remain candidate's vehicle and carry out descending sort.Candidate's vehicle that ReachP value is the highest is sent the reserved successful information in parking stall simultaneously and waits that target vehicle replys confirmation.This confirmation avoids the loss of parking space information.
Wherein, definition ReachP (ReachProbability) reaches the probability on parking stall for vehicle within the predetermined maximum time limit, it is possible to arrival value, and its computing formula is as follows:
Wherein, TTR is parking stall subscription time normalized value；TTL is the time normalization value estimated and arrive parking stall.
Definition ReachThreshold is the screening threshold value of ReachP, and the application information that the ReachP vehicle more than ReachThreshold sends enters candidate queue, and the ReachP vehicle less than ReachThreshold is not considered.
Step 204: target vehicle VjReceive reservation success notification, if wanting to abandon this parking stall, it is possible to select to stop parking stall application, return step 203；If it is determined that preengage this parking stall, then reply confirmation.
Step 205: if Lu Quntou is HiDo not receive the confirmation of vehicle in certain time, then the parking stall skipping this vehicle is applied for and returns step 203.If receiving target vehicle VjConfirmation, this parking stall will be arranged by the Unique ID of vehicle, and returns step 201.
Step 3: in order to facilitate target vehicle VjIn parking lot, parking stall is found, based on the unique ID in RC region progresses track, it is possible to target vehicle VjCarry out the path navigation of parking stall searching.
Step 401: target vehicle VjArrive and after specifying parking stall, namely become a RCMember in this RC region, regularly to road group head HiSend its information of vehicles and parking position information.If exceeding setting aside some time of parking stall, then return step 201.
Step 402: Lu Quntou HiWith road group spare head SHiTo target vehicle VjParking spot compare, if target vehicle VjParking spot than road group spare head SHiCloser to Lu Quntou HiThen by target vehicle VjAs new spare head SHi；If target vehicle VjParking spot than Lu Quntou HiIn the middle of RC region, then by target vehicle VjAs new Lu Quntou Hi, and return step 201.
Step 5: if Occupied in parking garage, then each RC sends the vehicle within the scope of Occupied information notification communication, until there being parking stall to vacate, returns step 201.
In sum, The present invention reduces facility investment extra in parking lot.The parking stall reservation protocol proposed, it is possible to the competition on the parking stall being prevented effectively between vehicle, decreases the time that parking stall is found.The air navigation aid of indoor parking position, it is to avoid because of vehicle the blindness of parking stall looked for and cause blocking in parking lot.
Claims (10)
1. the indoor parking position based on VANET finds and reserving method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) setting up a parking garage network by on-vehicle radio device, wherein, in parking garage, in each block parking area, all vehicles stopped divide a road group into；
(2) road group and the target vehicle with parking stall communicate and carry out parking stall reservation；
(3) preengage after successfully, target vehicle is carried out the path navigation of parking stall searching.
2. the indoor parking position based on VANET according to claim 1 finds and reserving method, it is characterized in that, described Lu Qunzhong includes road group's head, road group's spare head and multiple roads group members, wherein, described Lu Quntou is the vehicle being positioned at centre position, group region, road, stores vehicle ID number code and the parking position information of road group members；Described road group's spare head is same vehicle nearest for Lu Qunzhong distance Lu Quntou, the status information of storage road group members.
3. the indoor parking position based on VANET according to claim 2 finds and reserving method, it is characterised in that group members timing in described road send the packet with self ID number and parking position information to described road group's hair；If described Lu Quntou does not receive the packet of a certain parking stall within several cycles, then judge that this parking stall is as empty parking space.
4. the indoor parking position based on VANET according to claim 2 finds and reserving method, it is characterized in that, the real-time parking space information of each Lu Quntong through group head timing place of road pocket transmission towards periphery road group, described parking space information includes road group number, group orientation, road and parking stall surplus, when the Lu Quntou of surrounding receives parking space information, the road group at the Lu Quntou place of the information of transmission is considered as its neighbor node, and stores the dead ship condition information of its neighbor node Lu Qunzhong.
5. the indoor parking position based on VANET according to claim 1 finds and reserving method, it is characterised in that described step (2) includes following sub-step:
(21) parking stall is that the more Lu Quntong through group head of dummy status sends the information that parking stall can be preengage the reply simultaneously waiting target vehicle to the target vehicle in communication context；
(22) notified target vehicle chooses whether interested in parking stall, if loseing interest in, ignore, if interested, the road group's hair sending subscription information is gone out application information, described application information includes the unique ID number code of vehicle and arrives probable value, and waits the successful return information of reservation of Lu Quntou；
(23) after Lu Quntou receives parking stall application information, arrival probable value according to each application vehicle screens, reject less than the vehicle of screening threshold value arriving probable value, and send reserved successful information more than the vehicle of screening threshold value to arriving probable value and wait that target vehicle replys confirmation；
(24) target vehicle receives reservation success notification, if wanting to abandon this parking stall, then selects to stop parking stall application, returns step (23)；If it is determined that preengage this parking stall, then reply confirmation；
(25) if road group is first fix time in do not receive the confirmation of vehicle, then the parking stall skipping this vehicle is applied for and returns step (23)；If receiving the confirmation of target vehicle, then this parking stall is arranged by the Unique ID of vehicle, and return step (21).
6. the indoor parking position based on VANET according to claim 5 finds and reserving method, it is characterized in that, arrival probable value is also then carried out arriving probable value descending sort more than the vehicle of screening threshold value by described step (23), and preferential parking stall that candidate's vehicle that arrival probable value is the highest is sent is reserved successful information and waits that confirmation replied by this vehicle.
7. the indoor parking position based on VANET according to claim 5 finds and reserving method, it is characterised in that the computing formula of described arrival probable value is:Wherein, ReachP is for arriving probable value；TTR is parking stall subscription time normalized value；TTL is the time normalization value estimated and arrive parking stall.
8. the indoor parking position based on VANET according to claim 1 finds and reserving method, it is characterized in that, target vehicle is carried out based on the unique ID of runway before group region, road the path navigation of parking stall searching by described step (3).
9. the indoor parking position based on VANET according to claim 2 finds and reserving method, it is characterized in that, also include timing after target vehicle arrives appointment parking stall after described step (3) and give the step of its information of vehicles and parking position information to road group's hair in group region, place road.
10. the indoor parking position based on VANET according to claim 9 finds and reserving method, it is characterised in that if the parking spot of target vehicle compared to described road group's spare head closer to described Lu Quntou; using target vehicle as new road group's spare head；If the parking spot of target vehicle compared to described Lu Quntou closer in the middle of group region, road, then using target vehicle as new Lu Quntou.
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| CN112215537A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-01-12 | 深圳优地科技有限公司 | Item delivery method and device, intelligent equipment and storage medium |
| CN112289041A (en) * | 2020-10-25 | 2021-01-29 | 储美红 | Intelligent parking lot management method based on hotspot positioning and information sharing and cloud platform |
| CN112289041B (en) * | 2020-10-25 | 2021-12-03 | 上海智能交通有限公司 | Intelligent parking lot management method based on hotspot positioning and information sharing and cloud platform |
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