CN105787494B - Cerebral disease identification device based on multistage subregion bag of words - Google Patents

Cerebral disease identification device based on multistage subregion bag of words Download PDF

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CN105787494B
CN105787494B CN201610102378.1A CN201610102378A CN105787494B CN 105787494 B CN105787494 B CN 105787494B CN 201610102378 A CN201610102378 A CN 201610102378A CN 105787494 B CN105787494 B CN 105787494B
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bag
subregion
brain
multistage
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CN105787494A (en
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张文生
李悟
李涛
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Institute of Automation of Chinese Academy of Science
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06VIMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V10/00Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
    • G06V10/20Image preprocessing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F18/00Pattern recognition
    • G06F18/20Analysing
    • G06F18/23Clustering techniques
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F18/00Pattern recognition
    • G06F18/20Analysing
    • G06F18/24Classification techniques
    • G06F18/241Classification techniques relating to the classification model, e.g. parametric or non-parametric approaches
    • G06F18/2411Classification techniques relating to the classification model, e.g. parametric or non-parametric approaches based on the proximity to a decision surface, e.g. support vector machines
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F18/00Pattern recognition
    • G06F18/20Analysing
    • G06F18/285Selection of pattern recognition techniques, e.g. of classifiers in a multi-classifier system
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06VIMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V10/00Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
    • G06V10/40Extraction of image or video features
    • G06V10/46Descriptors for shape, contour or point-related descriptors, e.g. scale invariant feature transform [SIFT] or bags of words [BoW]; Salient regional features
    • G06V10/462Salient features, e.g. scale invariant feature transforms [SIFT]
    • G06V10/464Salient features, e.g. scale invariant feature transforms [SIFT] using a plurality of salient features, e.g. bag-of-words [BoW] representations
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06VIMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V2201/00Indexing scheme relating to image or video recognition or understanding
    • G06V2201/03Recognition of patterns in medical or anatomical images

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of cerebral disease identification devices based on multistage subregion bag of words.Wherein, which includes concentrating the brain magnetic resonance configurations image of various kinds sheet to pre-process training sample set and test sample;Then it concentrates various kinds sheet and test sample to concentrate the twodimensional magnetic resonance structural images of various kinds sheet based on standard brain template, training sample, extracts its structure feature respectively;Multistage brain subregion is carried out to standard brain template again;It is directed to the structure feature of standard form again, tectonic reverse bag of words are distinguished using unsupervised clustering in each subregion;Then, using each grade subregion bag of words, each grade bag of words histogram of each sample is constructed;Finally, establishing multistage classifier using each grade bag of words histogram and classifying to test sample, and then realize brain diseases identification.The embodiment of the present invention carries out disease identification and individual attribute determines by the brain magnetic resonance configurations image classification method based on multistage subregion bag of words, auxiliary cerebral disease clinical analysis diagnosis.

Description

Cerebral disease identification device based on multistage subregion bag of words
Technical field
The present embodiments relate to technical field of medical image processing, more particularly, to one kind based on multistage subregion bag of words mould The cerebral disease identification device of type.
Background technique
A kind of Brian Imaging method of the magnetic resonance imaging as non-intrusion type, has been widely used in the research of cerebral disease. The Accurate Diagnosis of cerebral disease plays positive effect to disease treatment.Using magnetic resonance configurations image, objective evaluation morbid state, Assisted medical diagnosis becomes the hot spot of current research.
Magnetic resonance configurations image is indicated using image local structural feature and is attracted attention.Bag of words are as a kind of Image representing method based on local feature, basic thought are by the probability distribution of image local feature (vision word) (histogram) indicates.Bag of words are widely used in target classification and field of target recognition, are gradually available for magnetic resonance in recent years Structural images analysis.Daliri is in document (Daliri MR.Automated diagnosis of Alzheimer disease using the scale-invariant feature transforms in magnetic resonance images[J] .Journal of medical systems, 2012,36 (2): 995-1000.) in from magnetic resonance image extract SIFT feature, Propose a kind of magnetic resonance configurations image classification algorithms based on bag of words and support vector machines.In addition, other methods will Grey density values, Laguerre Circular Harmonic Functions etc. are used as local feature, establish bag of words.On Predicate bag model is mainly based upon full brain or fixed area is implemented to complete, and location information is not fully utilized.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, it proposes on the present invention overcomes the above problem or at least be partially solved in order to provide one kind State a kind of cerebral disease identification device based on multistage subregion bag of words of problem.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides following technical schemes:
A kind of cerebral disease identification device based on multistage subregion bag of words, described device include at least:
Preprocessing module is configured as concentrating training sample set and test sample the brain magnetic resonance configurations of various kinds sheet Image is pre-processed, and the pretreatment includes: removal skull and background and the brain magnetic resonance configurations image is affine Transform to standard brain template;
Structure feature extraction module is configured as concentrating various kinds sheet based on the standard brain template, the training sample Various kinds sheet two-dimentional brain magnetic resonance configurations each of on cross section, sagittal plane and coronal-plane direction are concentrated with the test sample Image extracts its structure feature respectively;
Multistage brain subregion constructs module, is configured as establishing multistage brain subregion for the standard brain template;
Bag of words construct module, are configured as the structure feature for the standard brain template, use Unsupervised clustering side Method respectively clusters structure feature in the subregions at different levels, constructs each grade subregion bag of words;
Bag of words histogram constructs module, is configured as concentrating various kinds for the training sample set and the test sample This two-dimentional brain magnetic resonance configurations feature on the cross section, the sagittal plane and the coronal-plane, using described each etc. Grade subregion bag of words, construct each grade bag of words histogram of each sample;
Cerebral disease identification module is configured as concentrating each grade bag of words histogram of various kinds sheet using the training sample Figure establishes multistage classifier, and classifies to the test sample, and then realize the identification of brain diseases.
Compared with prior art, above-mentioned technical proposal at least has the advantages that
The embodiment of the present invention establishes multistage brain subregion using standard brain template;For the structure feature of standard brain template, make Feature in partitioned organizations at different levels is clustered respectively with unsupervised clustering, to construct each grade subregion bag of words;Then needle Two-dimentional brain magnetic resonance configurations of the various kinds sheet on cross section, sagittal plane and coronal-plane are concentrated to training sample set and test sample Feature, using each grade subregion bag of words, to construct each grade bag of words histogram of each sample;It is finally concentrated using training sample each Each grade bag of words histogram of sample establishes multistage classifier and classifies to test sample, and then realizes the identification of brain diseases.
Certainly, it implements any of the products of the present invention and is not necessarily required to realize all the above advantage simultaneously.
Above description is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand technology hand of the invention Section, can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification, and in order to allow above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage energy Enough more obvious and easy to understand, the followings are specific embodiments of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is as a part of the invention, and for providing further understanding of the invention, of the invention is schematic Examples and descriptions thereof are used to explain the present invention, but does not constitute an undue limitation on the present invention.Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description Only some embodiments to those skilled in the art without creative efforts, can be with Other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these attached drawings.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the stream according to the cerebral disease recognition methods based on multistage subregion bag of words shown in an exemplary embodiment Journey schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the multistage brain subregion schematic diagram shown according to an exemplary embodiment;
Fig. 3 is according to the schematic diagram for constructing grade bag of words histogram using subregion bag of words shown in an exemplary embodiment.
These attached drawings and verbal description are not intended to the conception range limiting the invention in any way, but by reference to Specific embodiment is that those skilled in the art illustrate idea of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The technical issues of with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment is solved to the embodiment of the present invention, used technical side Case and the technical effect of realization carry out clear, complete description.Obviously, described embodiment is only one of the application Divide embodiment, is not whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not paying creation Property labour under the premise of, all other equivalent or obvious variant the embodiment obtained is fallen within the scope of protection of the present invention. The embodiment of the present invention can be embodied according to the multitude of different ways being defined and covered by claim.
It should be noted that in the following description, understanding for convenience, giving many details.But it is very bright Aobvious, realization of the invention can be without these details.
It should be noted that in the absence of clear limitations or conflicts, each embodiment in the present invention and its In technical characteristic can be combined with each other and form technical solution.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of cerebral disease recognition methods based on multistage subregion bag of words, carries out cerebral disease knowledge Not.As shown in Figure 1, this method at least may include step S1 to step S6.
S1: the brain magnetic resonance configurations image of various kinds sheet is concentrated to pre-process training sample set and test sample, in advance Processing includes: removal skull and background and by brain magnetic resonance configurations image affine transformation to standard brain template.
In this step, training sample set includes patient's sample collection and healthy sample set.Test sample concentrate sample be Patient's sample or healthy sample.
Pretreatment specifically includes:
Step S1.1: removal skull and background.
Wherein it is possible to utilize the skull and back of the softwares such as FreeSurfer removal original two dimensional brain magnetic resonance configurations image Scape.
Step S1.2: the brain magnetic resonance configurations image affine transformation of skull and background will be eliminated to standard brain template.
Wherein it is possible to using softwares such as FSL by brain magnetic resonance configurations image affine transformation to standard brain template (i.e. standard Between Naokong).
The embodiment of the present invention obtains standard brain template, training sample from three cross section, sagittal plane and coronal-plane directions respectively This collection and test sample concentrate the two-dimensional sequence brain image of various kinds sheet.Two-dimensional sequence brain image herein refers to include unidirectional more Zhang Erwei brain image covers full brain.
S2: various kinds sheet and test sample is concentrated to concentrate various kinds sheet in cross section, sagittal based on standard brain template, training sample Two-dimentional brain magnetic resonance configurations image, extracts its structure feature respectively each of on face and coronal-plane direction.
Illustrate the process for extracting structure feature for extracting SIFT feature below.
Although it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the embodiment of the present invention be using SIFT feature as structure feature for come into Row explanation, but structure feature referred to herein includes but is not limited to SIFT feature.
SIFT feature extraction is broadly divided into four steps: detection key point first, in difference of Gaussian Pyramid technology structure The middle extreme point for extracting image is as candidate key point;Then key point is accurately positioned, and key point is screened, Remove low contrast or in borderline key point;Then principal direction is specified using the gradient information of key point surrounding pixel; Description of 128 dimensions is finally generated for each key point.Wherein, each SIFT feature corresponds to its location information.
S3: being directed to standard brain template, establishes multistage brain subregion.
Fig. 2 schematically illustrates multistage brain subregion schematic diagram.
In this step, multistage brain subregion can be used any one following mode and carry out subregion: fixed dimension subregion, base In the brain subregion and sliding window subregion of function.
This step is described in detail by taking ICBM-152 standard brain template as an example below.
ICBM-152 standard brain template is carried out multistage subregion by the embodiment of the present invention in the following manner.
Level 1: full brain is analyzed as a whole.
2: two subregion of Level, i.e., according to the central plane in cross section, sagittal plane or coronal-plane direction to standard brain template It is divided.According to the central plane of different directions, Level 2 can be subdivided into Level 2-1, Level 2-2 and Level again 2-3。
3: four subregion of Level, i.e., according to the two of them central plane in three cross section, sagittal plane or coronal-plane directions Standard brain template is divided.It is combined according to different median planes, Level 3 can be subdivided into Level 3-1, Level 3-2 again With Level 3-3.
Level 4: octant, i.e., according to cross section, three directions of sagittal plane and coronal-plane central plane to standard brain Template is divided.
S4: special to structure in subregions at different levels respectively using unsupervised clustering for the structure feature of standard brain template Sign is clustered, and each grade subregion bag of words are constructed.
In one embodiment of the invention, sorting procedure may include the location information according to structure feature, by structure Feature incorporates into subregions at different levels, and is clustered respectively in subregions at different levels.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, this step may include the structure feature for subregions at different levels, use Unsupervised clustering extracts cluster centre, subregion bag of words is added using cluster centre as basic vocabulary, and to different grades of Each subregion constructs subregion bag of words respectively.
As an example, constructing each grade subregion bag of words and may include:
For the SIFT feature that standard brain template extraction arrives, incorporate into according to its position in different brain subregions, by each brain point Using AP (Affinity Propagation), algorithm is clustered the SIFT feature in area, and extracts cluster centre.It extracts Subregion bag of words will be added as basic vocabulary in cluster centre.Then, subregion bag of words are constructed respectively to different grades of each subregion. For example, eight subregions in Level 4 respectively cluster the feature for falling into each subregion, 8 subregion bag of words finally can be obtained.
S5: two dimension of the various kinds sheet on cross section, sagittal plane and coronal-plane is concentrated for training sample set and test sample Brain magnetic resonance configurations feature constructs each grade bag of words histogram of each sample using each grade subregion bag of words.
In some optional implementations of the embodiment of the present invention, this step be can specifically include for training sample set In two-dimentional brain magnetic resonance configurations feature of each sample on cross section, sagittal plane and coronal-plane, according to structure feature position believe Breath is replaced using basic vocabulary most like therewith in corresponding subregion bag of words, constructs subregion bag of words histogram, and then constructed each etc. Grade bag of words histogram.
Wherein, constructing each grade bag of words histogram can further include: by the bag of words histogram of ad eundem different subregions Figure is combined in order, obtains the grade bag of words histogram of the sample.
Fig. 3 is eight subregion bag of words using Level 4, constructs grade bag of words histogram schematic diagram.
Illustratively, it can specifically include using subregion bag of words building grade bag of words histogram:
Step 5.1: finding and replace word
Two-dimentional brain of the various kinds sheet on cross section, sagittal plane and coronal-plane is concentrated for training sample set and test sample Magnetic resonance configurations feature finds the correspondence brain subregion in subregions at different levels according to the location information of structure feature, uses corresponding point Basic vocabulary most like therewith replaces in area's bag of words.
Preferably, some embodiments of the present invention measure the similitude using Euclidean distance, i.e., distance gets over modern age Table feature is more similar.
Preferably, some embodiments of the present invention are corresponded in subregion bag of words in each grade using the method that arest neighbors is searched and are looked into Look for the basic vocabulary nearest apart from this feature vector.
Step 5.2: building subregion bag of words histogram
Two-dimentional brain of the various kinds sheet on cross section, sagittal plane and coronal-plane is concentrated for training sample set and test sample Magnetic resonance configurations feature corresponds in each grade according to its position and finds substitution word in subregion bag of words, and calculates basic vocabulary and go out The existing frequency.That is: the structure feature (preferably SIFT feature) that each sample extraction arrives, can be with different etc. according to its location information The different basicvocabularies of the corresponding subregion bag of words of grade replace.
Illustratively, a SIFT feature is located at the second subregion of Level 3-1, can be by one of two subregion of grade Basicvocabulary replaces.Further, since the SIFT feature is located at the first subregion of Level 2-1, therefore the SIFT feature can also be with It is replaced by a basicvocabulary of one subregion of grade.
Step 5.3: building grade bag of words histogram
Specifically, various kinds sheet is concentrated to training sample set and test sample, obtains its each grade subregion bag of words histogram respectively Figure, the bag of words histogram of ad eundem different subregions is combined in order, obtains the grade bag of words histogram of the sample.
For example, 8 subregions that Fig. 3 gives Level 4 divide, subregion bag of words histogram, subregion bag of words are calculated in each subregion Histogram combines to obtain grade bag of words histogram in order.Again using grade bag of words histogram as the word of image under the grade classification Bag indicates vector.
Those skilled in the art will be understood that the mode of each grade bag of words histogram of each sample of above-mentioned building is only to lift Example, if the mode of each grade bag of words histogram of each sample of building that is any other existing or being likely to occur from now on can be suitably used for The present invention then should also be included within protection scope of the present invention and be herein incorporated by reference herein.
S6: each grade bag of words histogram of various kinds sheet is concentrated using training sample, establishes multistage classifier, and to test sample Classification, and then realize the identification of brain diseases.
Established in this step multistage classifier can specifically include using training sample concentrate each grade bag of words of various kinds sheet it is straight Side's figure constructs each grade classifier respectively.Each grade classifier building multistage classifier is comprehensively utilized, to carry out test specimens one's duty Class.
Illustratively, test sample classification can specifically include:
Step 6.1: training classifier
In embodiments of the present invention, the grade bag of words histogram vectors based on training sample, set according to the affiliated group of sample Calibration number (sample belongs to health group and corresponds to marked as 1, and it is corresponding marked as -1 to belong to patient's group), is respectively trained one in each grade Hold vector machine disaggregated model.Such as supporting vector can be respectively trained for 8 kinds of partitioned modes shown in Fig. 2 in the embodiment of the present invention Classifier.
Step 6.2: sample classification
Based on each supporting vector machine model that the training of each grade subregion obtains, according to each grade classifier as a result, dividing Class new samples, and then realize the identification of brain diseases.The embodiment of the present invention is according to Level 2-1, Level 2-2, Level 2- 3, Level 3-1, Level 3-2,4 seven grades of classifiers of Level 3-3 and Level as a result, using most Voting principles classification New samples.Using the classification results of Level 1 as control.
Cerebral disease recognition methods based on multistage subregion bag of words described in the embodiment of the present invention utilizes public data collection OASIS and PPMI are assessed.The experiment results show that compared to the bag of words for not doing multidomain treat-ment, the embodiment of the present invention The cerebral disease recognition methods based on multistage subregion bag of words achieves better classifying quality.
Although each step is described in the way of above-mentioned precedence in the present embodiment, this field skill Art personnel are appreciated that the effect in order to realize the present embodiment, execute between different steps not necessarily in such order, It (parallel) simultaneously can execute or be executed with reverse order, these simple variations are all within protection scope of the present invention.
Technical solution is provided for the embodiments of the invention above to be described in detail.Although applying herein specific A example the principle of the present invention and embodiment are expounded, still, the explanation of above-described embodiment be only applicable to help manage Solve the principle of the embodiment of the present invention;Meanwhile to those skilled in the art, according to an embodiment of the present invention, it is being embodied It can be made a change within mode and application range.
It, can be with it should be noted that the flow chart being referred to herein is not limited solely to form shown in this article It is divided and/or is combined.
It should be understood that the label and text in attached drawing are intended merely to be illustrated more clearly that the present invention, it is not intended as to this The improper restriction of invention protection scope.
The terms "include", "comprise" or any other like term are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that Process, method, article or equipment/device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also including not bright The other elements really listed, or further include the intrinsic element of these process, method, article or equipment/devices.
Each step of the invention can be realized with general computing device, for example, they can concentrate on it is single On computing device, such as: personal computer, server computer, handheld device or portable device, laptop device or more Processor device can also be distributed over a network of multiple computing devices, they can be to be different from sequence herein Shown or described step is executed, perhaps they are fabricated to each integrated circuit modules or will be more in them A module or step are fabricated to single integrated circuit module to realize.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to any specific hardware and soft Part or its combination.
" some embodiments ", " embodiment " described herein means that: the technical characteristic that describes in conjunction with the embodiments, structure Or characteristic is included at least one embodiment of the present invention.
In the above embodiment of the invention, it all emphasizes particularly on different fields to the description of each embodiment, does not have in some embodiment The part of detailed description, reference can be made to the related descriptions of other embodiments.
Although a large amount of detail is described herein.However, you should be able to understand, the embodiment of the present invention can not have Implement in the case where there are these details.In some embodiments, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail, So as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.
Present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and without departing substantially from substantive content of the present invention, this field is common Any deformation, improvement or the replacement that technical staff is contemplated that each fall within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of cerebral disease identification device based on multistage subregion bag of words, which is characterized in that described device includes at least:
Preprocessing module is configured as concentrating training sample set and test sample the brain magnetic resonance configurations image of various kinds sheet It is pre-processed, the pretreatment includes: removal skull and background and by the brain magnetic resonance configurations image affine transformation To standard brain template;
Structure feature extraction module is configured as concentrating various kinds sheet and institute based on the standard brain template, the training sample It states test sample and concentrates various kinds sheet two-dimentional brain magnetic resonance configurations figure each of on cross section, sagittal plane and coronal-plane direction Picture extracts its structure feature respectively;
Multistage brain subregion constructs module, is configured as establishing multistage brain subregion for the standard brain template;
Bag of words construct module, are configured as the structure feature for the standard brain template, use unsupervised clustering point It is other that structure feature in the subregions at different levels is clustered, construct each grade subregion bag of words;Wherein, described to the subregions at different levels Interior structure feature is clustered, and the location information according to structure feature in the subregions at different levels is specifically included, and the structure is special Sign incorporates into the subregions at different levels, and is clustered respectively in the subregions at different levels;
Bag of words histogram constructs module, is configured as concentrating various kinds sheet to exist for the training sample set and the test sample Two-dimentional brain magnetic resonance configurations feature on the cross section, the sagittal plane and the coronal-plane, utilizes each ranking score Area's bag of words construct each grade bag of words histogram of each sample;
Cerebral disease identification module is configured as being concentrated each grade bag of words histogram of various kinds sheet using the training sample, be built Vertical multistage classifier, and classify to the test sample, and then realize the identification of brain diseases.
2. the cerebral disease identification device according to claim 1 based on multistage subregion bag of words, which is characterized in that described Structure feature includes but is not limited to SIFT feature.
3. the cerebral disease identification device according to claim 1 based on multistage subregion bag of words, which is characterized in that described Multistage brain subregion building module is further configured to using fixed dimension subregion, the brain subregion based on function or sliding window point Area establishes the multistage brain subregion.
4. the cerebral disease identification device according to claim 1 based on multistage subregion bag of words, which is characterized in that
The bag of words building module is further configured to the structure feature for the subregions at different levels, using described unsupervised poly- Class method extracts cluster centre, subregion bag of words is added using the cluster centre as basic vocabulary, and to different grades of each point Area constructs subregion bag of words respectively.
5. the cerebral disease identification device according to claim 1 based on multistage subregion bag of words, which is characterized in that
The bag of words histogram building module is further configured to concentrate various kinds sheet described cross-section for the training sample The two-dimentional brain magnetic resonance configurations feature on face, the sagittal plane and the coronal-plane, according to the structure feature position Information is replaced using basic vocabulary most like therewith in corresponding subregion bag of words, constructs subregion bag of words histogram, and then construct instruction Practice sample set and test sample concentrates each grade bag of words histogram of various kinds sheet.
6. the cerebral disease identification device according to claim 5 based on multistage subregion bag of words, which is characterized in that
The bag of words histogram building module includes grade bag of words histogram building submodule, the grade bag of words histogram building Submodule is configured as in order combining the bag of words histogram of ad eundem different subregions, obtains the grade bag of words histogram of the sample Figure.
7. the cerebral disease identification device according to claim 1 based on multistage subregion bag of words, which is characterized in that
The cerebral disease identification module includes classifier building module, and the classifier building module is constructed including the first classifier Submodule and the second classifier construct submodule;
The first classifier building submodule is configured as concentrating each grade bag of words of various kinds sheet straight using the training sample Side's figure constructs each grade classifier respectively;
The second classifier building submodule is configured as comprehensively utilizing each grade classifier building multistage classifier, with Carry out test sample classification.
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